Tissue bone derived osteocalcin. Medical search. Frequent questions

This non-collagenous protein is secreted by osteoblasts and plays an essential role in the formation of mineral in bone. (wikipedia.org)
Bone formation is involved with a large number of osteoblasts (OB) under the periosteum. (frontiersin.org)
The human bone morphogenet ic protein (rhBMP) developed by genetic engineering, was isolated by Urist, in 1965, and it is considered a substance capable of inducing differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts, the cells that are responsible for the synthesis of bone matrix. (bvsalud.org)
Osteocalcin is a small protein (49 amino acids) synthesized by mature osteoblasts, odontoblasts, and hypertrophic chondrocytes. (medscape.com)
Osteocalcin is produced by osteoblasts and has been used for decades as a marker for the bone formation process. (meltmethod.com)
Cells used in bone engineering are the osteoblasts, osteoprogenitor cells, periosteal cells, and stem cells. (allenpress.com)
The osteoblasts are fundamental cells to the tissue, executing two mainly functions: bone formation and regulation of reabsorption through osteoclastogenesis modulation. (fapesp.br)
Osteoblasts have T3 nuclear receptors, and although not well elucidated it affects many aspects of the cell development so as pathways that modulates the bone remodeling. (fapesp.br)
Several cells lineages have been used in osteoblasts studies, and human adipose-derived Mesenchymal stem-cells (hA-MSCs) are a promising model to osteoinduction. (fapesp.br)
Moreover, AAV9-NEM localized strongly in vivo to cells lining the calcified trabecular bone and transduced primary murine osteoblasts in culture, while WT AAV9 transduced undifferentiated bone marrow stromal cells as well as osteoblasts. (nature.com)
Immunohistochemical studies of antigen localization on cryostat sections of rat calvaria, long bone, and soft tissues demonstrated that five of these MAbs, UBIM 1,2,3,12, and 17, recognize antigens that are restricted to normal rat osteoblasts and chondrocytes. (docksci.com)

Further, it regulates osteoblastic extracellular matrix such as osteopontin (OPN), osteocalcin (OCN), bone sialoprotein (BSP) in late differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
Interestingly Chinese medicine which could promote the secretion of osteogenic factors such as collagen type 1 (COL1) bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) osteocalcin (OCN) and osteopontin (OPN) and the gene manifestation of BMP-4 runt-related transcription element 2 (Runx2) OCN and OPN has been increasingly applied in osteogenic induction study [18-20]. (researchassistantresume.com)
8 It stimulates DNA synthesis of rat calvarial cells and increases the production of osteopontin but decreases bone sialoprotein, osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineralization in bone cells. (allenpress.com)
Moreover, ES in 3D aNFC led to an increased expression of the osteogenic markers osteopontin and osteocalcin and a rearrangement and alignment of the actin cytoskeleton. (upmbiomedicals.com)

Bone tissue marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are widely used in regenerative medicine in light of their ability to differentiate along the chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages. (researchassistantresume.com)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells usually isolated from bone marrow, endometrium, adipose tissues, skin, and dental pulp. (techscience.com)
The Mesenchymal and Tissue Stem Cell Committee, which belongs to the International Society for Cellular Therapy, stated that plastic-adherent properties are the minimum criteria for determining MSCs. (techscience.com)
A specific population of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) is expected to be an alternate source of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). (jarde.jp)
The aim of this study was to compare the osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells obtained from bone marrow (BM-MSC) with those extracted from adipose tissue (AT-MSC) of adult dogs. (scielo.br)
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are a readily available population of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) that can be isolated within minimally invasive surgery. (upmbiomedicals.com)
Here, we characterize patient-derivable mesenchymal stem cell types, termed adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). (vcu.edu)
These ASCs also shared an indistinguishable immunophenotype when compared to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, suggesting that these cells are an excellent source for bone following tissue engineering experimentation. (vcu.edu)
A comparison was done between the properties of NDP-SCs and the properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from bone marrow (BM) of the human. (hacettepe.edu.tr)
We reconstituted type I collagen nanofibers prepared by electrospin technology and examined the morphology, growth, adhesion, cell motility, and osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on three nano-sized diameters (50-200, 200-500, and 500-1,000 nm). (duke.edu)
specifically, enamel is deposited by ameloblasts derived from the epithelium, while dentin is deposited by odontoblasts derived from mesenchymal cells. (ispub.com)

OB release bone matrix rich in collagen type I and participate in the hydroxyapatite crystal formation in collagen fiber deposition process, namely bone mineralization process, eventually forming new bone. (frontiersin.org)
This posttranslational modification is found for instance in some coagulation factors (prothrombin, factor IX, etc.), in MGP, a protein implicated in tissue mineralization, and in osteocalcin, a bone-derived hormone affecting glucose metabolism. (umontreal.ca)
Vitamin K2-7 supports healthy bone mineralization by directing calcium to bones rather than joint spaces and arteries. (patientoneformulas.com)
Vitamin K is believed to be necessary for bone mineralization. (patientoneformulas.com)
Osteocalcin is another vitamin K-dependent protein that is present in bone and may be involved in bone mineralization or turnover [ 5 ]. (nih.gov)
Pronounced mineralization was found throughout bone-induced ASC scaffolds, while control scaffolds (BJ foreskin fibroblasts) showed no mineral deposition (although they did demonstrate excellent cellularity). (vcu.edu)
INTRODUCTION HE OSTEOBLAST (OB) is a key cell in bone formation, synthesizing and secreting the organic matrix of bone, and is involved in the regulation of matrix mineralization. (docksci.com)
Studies have found that children whose diets are rich in both yellow and green vegetables have higher rates of bone mineralization and young adults whose diets are rich in these vegetables have higher rates of bone mass maintenance. (anabolic-coach.com)

Further, there are signaling pathways that participate in regulation, such as Wnt channel, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) channel, bone morphogenetic protein (BMPs) channel, peroxisome proliferator activated-receptors (PPARs) channel, and Notch channel. (frontiersin.org)
The aim of this study was to examine the efficiency of polyethylenimine-mediated transfection of the human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) gene into rabbit adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), and its effect on osteoblast differentiation. (geneticsmr.com)
The aim of this study was to conduct a literature review on the use and clinical viability of human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP-2) for grafting bone in Dentistry. (bvsalud.org)
In addition, transforming growth factor and bone morphogenetic protein BMP-2 induce Runx2 /Cbfa1 transcriptional expression via the p38 MAPK pathway. (cusabio.com)
Growth/differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) belongs to the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family, which is expressed in dental pulp tissues. (ispub.com)
Growth/differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) is a member of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family, which is a subgroup of the transforming growth factor- (TGF-) superfamily. (ispub.com)

While some signals are mitogenic and proosteogenic, others function to inhibit osteogenesis and increase bone resorption, and it appears that a well-controlled, delicate balance of inflammatory factors is necessary for proper fracture repair [ 3 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
It really is proven that angiogenesis takes place before osteogenesis in the recovery of bone tissue defects. (researchassistantresume.com)
after that both angiogenesis and osteogenesis participate in the bone regeneration and promote the effects of each additional [13]. (researchassistantresume.com)
However, contact osteogenesis can result in bone attachment to the implant surface if the implant has a surface topography with submicron physical undercuts [3]. (toysis.pics)

Adipose-derived MSCs, in particular, pose an attractive option for cell-based therapy due to their relatively decreased morbidity during isolation and potential for expansion and differentiation [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Osteoblast differentiation of rabbit adipose-derived stem cells by polyethylenimine-mediated BMP-2 gene transfection in vitro. (geneticsmr.com)
MSCs are ideal stem cells for tissues regeneration because of their excellent capacities for differentiation and proliferation. (researchassistantresume.com)
However, when employing MSC transplantation to treat tissue defects, the research found that: less than one percent of MSCs could home and colonize in the tissue defect area, continuously promoting tissue regeneration, and the paracrine mechanism of MSCs plays a more important role than the replacement of damaged cells by differentiation [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
However, MSCs have gained considerable attention for tissue regeneration owing to their differentiation ability with immunomodulatory effects. (techscience.com)
Enhanced expression of IL-6, IGF-1, TGF-β, and VEGF has also been observed in LC treated BMSCc+ groups, suggested the cardiac differentiation of BMSCc+, and can be utilized in tissue engineering for cardiac cell therapy. (techscience.com)
The cells obtained from three donators were submitted to osteoinduction for 16 days with a differentiation cocktail (dexamethasone, ascorbic acid, β-glycerophosphate) and characterized by the presence of osteocalcin, alkaline phosphate and mineralized matrix. (fapesp.br)
On days 7, 14 and 21 of osteogenic differentiation, the cultures were submitted to evaluations of MTT conversion in formazan, of alkaline phosphatase activity (AP), of collagen and mineralized matrix synthesis, evaluation of the number of cells per field and there was quantification of the gene transcripts for osterix, bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteonectin (ON) and osteocalcin (OC). (scielo.br)
The number of cells per field, the AP activity, the collagen and mineralized matrix synthesis were higher in AT-MSC en differentiation, in relation to BM-MSC under the same conditions in all evaluated times. (scielo.br)
Methods: Demonstration of this system included (1) development of a piezoelectric PLLA mesh, (2) verification of its piezoelectric efficacy and degradation, (3) manufacturing of a PLLA scaffold, (4) in vitro testing of the system's ability to enhance bone regeneration compared to a control, and (5) using assessments of cell proliferation and differentiation through protein, mineral, and gene assays. (uconn.edu)
For example, humans are derived from fertilized eggs, and this process involves the differentiation of embryonic stem cells. (cusabio.com)
JNK can change the mRNA level of osteocalcin , so the activation of JNK can induce osteoblast differentiation. (cusabio.com)
This ease of availability and their ability to undergo osteogenic differentiation makes ASCs promising candidates for cell-based therapies for bone fractures. (upmbiomedicals.com)
Thus, electrospun Fg is an excellent material for ASC growth, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation, providing an ideal system for furthering basic bone model-based research and for advancing regenerative medicine. (vcu.edu)
Alkaline phosphatase activity demonstrated no differences after 12 days of osteogenic differentiation, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis showed comparable osteogenic gene expression of osteocalcin, osteonectin, and ostepontin between cells differentiated on polystyrene and nanofiber surfaces. (duke.edu)
Therefore, type I collagen nanofibers support the growth of MSCs without compromising their osteogenic differentiation capability and can be used as a scaffold for bone tissue engineering to facilitate intramembranous bone formation. (duke.edu)
Nevertheless, the effect of GDF-5 on odontoblast differentiation from dental pulp tissues remains unknown. (ispub.com)
In this study, we assayed the effect of exogenous mouse recombinant GDF-5 on cell proliferation of dental pulp cells and determined the expression levels of odontoblast differentiation marker genes in the cells of isolated mouse dental pulp tissues in the presence of GDF-5. (ispub.com)
These results indicate that, although GDF-5 may have no effect on cell proliferation in isolated dental pulp tissue, it could promote odontoblast differentiation. (ispub.com)

By performing local transplants, other non-periodontal-derived MSCs such as dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs), and adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) also aid in the regeneration of periodontal tissue [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
However, limited studies have been conducted on the osteogenic capability of stem cells derived from BFP (BFPSCs). (utwente.nl)
The features of BFPSCs were compared with bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) as a well known cell source for bone tissue engineering. (utwente.nl)
These results define BFP as a new, rich, and accessible source of stem cells for tissue engineering purposes. (utwente.nl)
Stem cells are known to work via a variety of methods to heal tissue depending on where the stem cells come from and into which tissue it is being placed. (drcremers.com)
Here is a general list of all the Ways Stem Cells heal tissues or create new tissue. (drcremers.com)
1. Stem cells have long been known to have the ability to differentiate (ie become/transform) into "good/normal" tissue. (drcremers.com)
Embryonic stem cells have been fraught with difficulties in coaxing them into "good/normal" tissue and there are major ethical issues. (drcremers.com)
These adult stem cells, such as from fat (adipose derived) or bone marrow, have the ability to transform into different cells. (drcremers.com)
To reduce possible xenobiotic contamination from 3T3s, primary human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) were examined as feeder cells to support the expansion of LSCs in vitro . (drcremers.com)
Mei H, González S, Nakatsu MN, Baclagon ER, Chen FV, Deng SX (2017) Human adipose-derived stem cells support the growth of limbal stem/progenitor cells. (drcremers.com)
Results: Ultimately a 3000rpm electrospun PLLA nanofiber film that could output 40mV when stimulated with 40kHz 0.4W/cm2 ultrasound was assembled into a bone scaffold and seeded with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). (uconn.edu)
Dental pulp stem cells were primarily derived from the pulp tissues of exfoliated deciduous teeth, primary incisors and permanent third molar teeth. (hacettepe.edu.tr)

Alkaline phosphatase has been clinically available for several years as a marker for bone metabolism. (medscape.com)
In adults with normal liver function, approximately 50% of the total alkaline phosphatase activity arises from the liver and 50% from the bone. (medscape.com)
The development of immunoassay-based markers with monoclonal antibodies directed to the bone-specific isoform of alkaline phosphatase has improved specificity and sensitivity. (medscape.com)
Changes in bone-specific alkaline phosphatase can lag by several weeks. (medscape.com)
In vitro testing showed that relative to a control, in cells subjected to the experimental conditions alkaline phosphatase production increased 5-fold, mineral production increased 18-fold, osteocalcin gene 40-fold, and osterix gene 100-fold. (uconn.edu)
Analysis of gene expression (qRT-PCR) indicated that electrospun Fg supported osteoblastogenesis through the upregulation of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin gene expression. (vcu.edu)
2003). A previous in-vitro study on the role of GDF-5 in periodontal ligament cells has shown that exogenous GDF-5 promotes cell proliferation while suppressing the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), which is closely related to tissue calcification and which is secreted during the formation of tissue calcifications. (ispub.com)

MSCs were initially isolated from bone marrow but are now known to exist in a wide range of tissues in the human adult, including brain, thymus, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, and dental pulp [ 11 , 12 ]. (hindawi.com)

We demonstrated that AAV9 capsid modified with N -ethyl Maleimide (NEM) increased its tropism more towards murine bone marrow (osteoblast lineage ) while decreased transduction of liver tissue compared to the unmodified capsid. (nature.com)
In the bone marrow, AAV9-NEM transduced Cd31, Cd34, and Cd90 expressing cells at a higher percentage than unmodified AAV9. (nature.com)
[ 1 , 2 ] The remainder of the blood supply is through nutrient vessels that pierce the cortex and supply the marrow cavity and the inner two thirds of the cortical bone. (medscape.com)
In vitro, these MAbs recognize cell surface antigens present on two additional cell lines, ROS 24/1 and Rat 2 cells, and on the adherent cell population cultured from rat long bone marrow. (docksci.com)
MAbs UBIM 9 and 21 bind to marrow cells in long bone sections, to the 7-day-old nonadherent cell population from cultured marrow, and to lymphoid tissue in sections of spleen. (docksci.com)

In Dentistry, many studies have aimed to improve bone regeneration through the use of BMPs for bone replacement. (bvsalud.org)
Several studies demonstrate the biological advantages of rhBMP-2 on bone regeneration of the jaws. (bvsalud.org)
The regeneration of bone tissue defects specifically includes a series of complicated procedures that are controlled by a number of cytokines and natural signals. (researchassistantresume.com)
since bone tissue regeneration cannot effectively occur with out a bloodstream supply achieving the bone tissue defect angiogenesis CEP-28122 is certainly important for bone tissue regeneration in vivo [6-10]. (researchassistantresume.com)
It really is reported that angiogenesis may be the foundational part of bone tissue regeneration particularly in calvarial and limb bone tissue defects [11-13]. (researchassistantresume.com)
In periodontitis, EVs play a pivotal role in regulating the biological functions of both periodontal tissue cells and immune cells, as well as the local microenvironment, thereby promoting periodontal injury repair and tissue regeneration. (biomedcentral.com)
After 16 weeks, animals were sacrificed and defect areas evaluated for bone regeneration. (allenpress.com)
Transplanting the VSM/cells constructs to CSDs revealed significant reduction of bone regeneration upon pretreatment of the cells with PDGF-BB. (allenpress.com)
However, short-term application of PDGF-BB to CSD stimulated bone regeneration. (allenpress.com)
However, adding PDGF-BB at the time of surgery had stimulated bone regeneration. (allenpress.com)
Various materials have been used to promote bone regeneration around dental implants, including autografts, allografts, xenografts, and alloplasts. (allenpress.com)
Of these materials, autogenous bone grafts remain the gold standard for bone regeneration. (allenpress.com)
2 , 3 Bone engineering involves the delivery of cells or biologic molecules such as growth factors to a defect site for tissue regeneration. (allenpress.com)
It is often necessary to use a scaffold for transplanting these cells to enhance the regeneration of the affected tissue or organ. (allenpress.com)
9 , 10 Nevertheless, the role of PDGF in bone regeneration is controversial. (allenpress.com)
The pretreatment of osteoblastic cells with PDGF-BB before transplantation into osseous defects is investigated in the present study to further investigate the role of this growth factor in bone regeneration. (allenpress.com)
The fact that PLLA was successfully used in combination with externally applied ultrasound to produce electrical charge opens up new frontiers for the field of tissue regeneration. (uconn.edu)
Because adipose ECM contains many primordial matrix proteins important for embryonic development and regeneration (such as laminin, type IV collagen, and fibronectin), adipose ECM may prove to be an autologous tissue engineering matrix and stem cell culture substrate. (vcu.edu)
These findings are expected to improve our knowledge of the role of GDF-5 in dental tissue development and to provide information that may be useful in the application of GDF-5 as a molecular manipulator in dental tissue regeneration. (ispub.com)

Over the past two decades, French geneticist and physician Gerard Karsenty has been studying the protein osteocalcin, which is found in high concentrations in the skeleton. (meltmethod.com)
Vitamin K2 plays an important role in bone health as it is responsible for converting the bone protein osteocalcin from its inactive form to its active form. (iherb.com)

The combined use of BMD measurement and bone markers is likely to improve the assessment of the risk of fractures in those cases. (medscape.com)
As the idea of brittle bones causing major fractures is fearsome when people think of growing elderly, women should be greatly concerned-80% of those affected by osteoporosis are women. (nutraceuticalsworld.com)
Michal Karpinski, Janusz Popko, Katarzyna Maresz, Vladimir Badmaev & Sidney J. Stohs (2017) Roles of Vitamins D and K, Nutrition, and Lifestyle in Low-Energy Bone Fractures in Children and Young Adults, Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 36:5,399-412, DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2017.1307791. (patientoneformulas.com)
Background: Reconstruction of bone fractures and defects remains a big challenge in orthopedic surgery. (uconn.edu)
Higher protein intake was associated with lower risk of forearm fractures and significantly higher bone density in the hip, spine, and total body in a large, six-year observational study of over 140,000 postmenopausal women. (anabolic-coach.com)

Thus any process or systemic condition that alters this optimal inflammatory milieu, such as bone diseases like osteoporosis or severe trauma, steroid therapy, diabetes, or advanced age, can disrupt the normal fracture healing process, resulting in nonunions or delayed healing, pain, disfigurement, and loss of function. (hindawi.com)
Based on previous studies, this review will summarize the regulatory network mechanism of ferroptosis on bone remodeling and reveal the role of ferroptosis in osteoporosis (OP). (frontiersin.org)
Osteoporosis (OP) is a metabolic disorder, which is characterized by the decrease of bone mass, and the increase of bone brittleness ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
The imbalance of bone formation and resorption is considered the main mechanism of osteoporosis. (frontiersin.org)
Diagnosis of osteoporosis is not based on evaluation of bone markers, and BMD assessment is still the criterion standard for evaluation and diagnosis. (medscape.com)
However, mean values for markers of bone turnover are higher in patients with osteoporosis than in the matched controls. (medscape.com)
[ 6 ] Therefore, measurement of bone markers is not recommended to make a diagnosis of osteoporosis. (medscape.com)
Low bone mass and osteoporosis are now regarded as serious health threats, according to the International Osteoporosis Foundation , which estimated that by 2020, adults aged 50 and older at risk of osteoporosis could reach as high as 61 million. (nutraceuticalsworld.com)
According to the 2004 Surgeon General's Report on Bone Health and Osteoporosis: "The Surgeon General wants you to know that you can improve your bone health by getting enough calcium, vitamin D, and physical activity. (patientoneformulas.com)
Our approach could provide a promising platform for expanding clinical AAV development to treat bone pathologies such as cancer and osteoporosis. (nature.com)
As conventional pharmacological therapy options for osteoporosis are often associated with severe side effects, bone grafts are still considered the clinical gold standard. (upmbiomedicals.com)
After all, building strong bones should be a lifelong goal beginning in childhood for women as there is a strong correlation between early-life bone density and the risk of osteoporosis later in life. (iherb.com)
However, calcium supplementation has the best chance of actually protecting against bone loss or osteoporosis when it is combined with vitamin D and K2 , and other nutrients as well. (iherb.com)
However, mean values for markers of bone turnover are higher in osteoporosis patients than in the matched controls. (medscape.com)
The co-existence of impaired bone health (osteopenia/osteoporosis), reduced muscle mass and strength (sarcopenia), and increased adiposity (obesity) in middle-aged and older people has been identified in recent studies, leading to a proposal for the existence of "osteosarcopenic obesity" as a distinct entity. (springer.com)
Osteoporosis, a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue with a consequent increase in bone fragility, occurs frequently, particularly in older women. (springer.com)
Low bone density is a hallmark of both osteopenia (low bone mass) and osteoporosis (brittle bones). (anabolic-coach.com)
Increased bone turnover, or the rate of bone resorption which is followed up by new bone replacement, is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis in older adults. (anabolic-coach.com)
Younger and older women, as well as those with osteoporosis, osteopenia, or breast cancer, may also benefit from strength training as it can help protect them from bone loss. (anabolic-coach.com)

Other evidence supports that ferroptosis is participated osteoporotic bone remodeling, predominantly affecting the interaction between bone formation and bone resorption, explicitly bone resorption exceeded bone formation. (frontiersin.org)
The mutual restriction between bone formation and bone resorption is a critical factor to ensure bones healthy and integrity during the life cycle. (frontiersin.org)
Bone resorption occurs mainly on the bone surface, by the osteoclasts (OC) on bone metabolism in continuous absorption. (frontiersin.org)
Biochemical monitoring of bone metabolism depends upon measurement of enzymes and proteins released during bone formation and of degradation products produced during bone resorption. (medscape.com)
Various biochemical markers are now available that allow a specific and sensitive assessment of the rate of bone formation and bone resorption of the skeleton. (medscape.com)
This sequence mimics the events that occur at sites of natural bone remodeling where the surface left by resorption of active osteoclasts presents a nanotopographically complex surface with undercuts [3], [4]. (toysis.pics)

Challenges in organ transplantation such as high organ demand and biocompatibility issues have led scientists in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine to work on the use of scaffolds as an alternative to transplantation. (mdpi.com)
Among different types of scaffolds, polymeric hydrogel scaffolds have received considerable attention because of their biocompatibility and structural similarity to native tissues. (mdpi.com)
In order to synthesize bone ex-vivo, electrospun scaffolds of fibrinogen (Fg), polydioxanone (PDO), and Fg:PDO blends were seeded with early passage ASCs, fibroblasts, or osteosarcoma cells and were maintained for 21 days in osteogenic or regular growth media. (vcu.edu)
To confirm our gene expression results, osteogenic-induced ASCs on Fg scaffolds were also shown to secrete osteocalcin in the extracellular matrix, a key marker in osteoblastogenesis. (vcu.edu)

188 PTH and 1,25-&hydroxyvitamin D3 11,25-(OH)2D,), synthesize and secrete matrix proteins, such as collagen type 1 and osteocalcin, and are osteogenic when implanted in v~vo. (docksci.com)

The chain length influences lipid solubility and thus transport to different target tissues. (wikipedia.org)
Osteocalcin (OC), a bone-derived protein, affects the regulation of glucose and energy homeostasis in variety of target tissues. (main.jp)
Wild-type (WT) AAV serotypes exhibit different tissue tropism due to different capsid protein sequences or variable regions interacting with disparate cell surface receptors, and thus can be utilized for different target tissues 3 . (nature.com)

The aim of this study was to isolate and extensively characterise SCs derived from human natal dental pulp (hNDP). (hacettepe.edu.tr)
To date, various studies have reported that BMP-family growth factors can induce cells isolated from dental pulp tissues to differentiate into odontoblasts. (ispub.com)
The odontoblasts are differentiated from the dental papilla, which remains a soft connective tissue in the tooth interior also known as the dental pulp, even after development is complete. (ispub.com)

Introduction: Leptin, adipose-tissue-derived hormone has a prominent role in bone remodeling by activating, through CNS relay, the sympathetic tone which inhibits bone formation. (endocrine-abstracts.org)

Osteoprogenitor MSCs not only differentiate into bone, but they also exert modulatory effects on immune cells via a variety of mechanisms. (hindawi.com)
However, it can be challenging to differentiate when they are connected with wounded tissue, opposed to when they instruct tissue-specific progenitor cells responsible for the redevelopment of damaged tissue. (techscience.com)

Several human Gla-containing proteins synthesized in several different types of tissues have been discovered: Coagulation factors (II, VII, IX, X), as well as anticoagulation proteins (C, S, Z). These Gla-proteins are synthesized in the liver and play an important role in blood homeostasis. (wikipedia.org)
Our current goal is to address γ-carboxylation function in vivo through the generation of tissue-specific knockout mice for the enzymes implicated in this process.We are also planning to characterize, in a non-bias proteomic approach, the "γ-carboxylome" (i.e. identifying all the GLA proteins produced in tissues were the γ-glutamyl carboxylase is expressed). (umontreal.ca)
even in all healthy humans tested, a significant percentage of the extra-hepatic VKD proteins, which are activated by vitamin K2, e.g., osteocalcin and matrix Gla-protein, are only partly carboxylated and therefore inactive. (vitamindwiki.com)
Vitamin K functions as a coenzyme for vitamin K-dependent carboxylase, an enzyme required for the synthesis of proteins involved in hemostasis (blood clotting) and bone metabolism and other diverse physiological functions [ 3 , 5 ]. (nih.gov)

Adipose tissue was isolated from the necks of adult Japanese white rabbits and cultured in vitro to obtain ADSCs. (geneticsmr.com)
The ability of osteoprogenitor cells to regenerate bone was significantly reduced upon pretreatment with PDGF-BB in vitro. (allenpress.com)
In vitro and in vivo results implied that Cbfa1-overexpressing ASCs may be an alternative cell source for BMSCs for bone tissue engineering. (jarde.jp)
These cells, which can be derived from liposuction fat and lipoaspirate saline, are sources for patient-derivable extracellular matrix (ECM), fibrinogen (Fg) and adipose tissue extracellular matrix, and may prove useful for synthesizing new bone tissue analogues in vitro. (vcu.edu)
Another four MAbs (UBIM 10, 11, 14, and 22) bind to a variety of cells and tissues both in vitro and in vivo. (docksci.com)

Insight into this paradigm can provide valuable clues in identifying cellular and noncellular targets that can potentially be modulated to enhance both natural bone healing and bone repair augmented by the exogenous addition of MSCs. (hindawi.com)
Coupled with reports that allogeneic MSCs have immunoprivileged status and immunomodulatory properties, there has been considerable interest in exploring the use of these cells as a therapeutic option for bone repair. (hindawi.com)
MSCs have also been derived from embryonic tissues, such as Wharton's jelly and umbilical cord blood [ 13 , 14 ]. (hindawi.com)
Many studies related to MSCs therapeutic potential in which MSCs derived extracellular vesicles accomplished a vital role. (techscience.com)

The organic bone mineral density increases for the cdc. (lorenzopetrantoni.com)
Aim: To determine relations between leptin, bone remodeling parameters (osteocalcin and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen-CTx), bone mineral density (BMD-lumbar spine et femoral neck) and BW in patients with schizophrenia treated with LAIR for at least 6 months up to 3 years. (endocrine-abstracts.org)
Such markers can also be useful in selected cases to improve the assessment of individual fracture risk when bone mineral density (BMD) measurement by itself does not provide a clear answer. (medscape.com)
3 Results showed MK-7 significantly improved vitamin K status and active osteocalcin levels and decreased the age-related decline in bone mineral concentration (BMC) and bone mineral density. (iherb.com)
Bone mineral density, also known as bone density, appears to be increased by vegetable consumption. (anabolic-coach.com)
Research on older men and women who engaged in strength training found improvements in bone size, bone strength, and bone mineral density, as well as decreases in markers of inflammation and bone turnover. (anabolic-coach.com)

The human skeleton and our bones are often times considered mere spacers and the stuff fascia connects to as a way to leverage force and motion. (meltmethod.com)
Without sufficient absorption, the body must take calcium from its stores in the skeleton, which weakens existing bone and prevents the formation of strong, new bone. (patientoneformulas.com)
The density of your bones is a quantitative indicator of the mineral content of your skeleton. (anabolic-coach.com)

The results revealed that the osteoblastic markers, such as ALP activity, the osteocalcin expression, and calcium content, in Cbfa1-overexpressing ASCs were markedly greater than those of control ASCs. (jarde.jp)

We know as we age bone density declines, ERD affects over 50% of men, and diabetes is an ever growing epidemic in the USA. (meltmethod.com)
Perhaps exercise does more than create endorphins but perhaps exercise's best help is with maintaining bone density. (meltmethod.com)
One study, however, found that even after nine months of the most strenuous weight-bearing exercise, older men saw no increase in bone density. (anabolic-coach.com)
Although both resistance training and weight-bearing exercise increased bone density in several areas of the body, only resistance training increased bone density in the hip, according to a study of men with low bone mass. (anabolic-coach.com)
There is evidence that higher protein intake improves bone density, especially in women of reproductive age. (anabolic-coach.com)

As demonstrated in previous studies many approaches have been applied to stimulate angiogenesis in the process of bone healing including the combination with endothelial cells the application of vascular growth factors vascular redesigning by microsurgery and gene transfection techniques [14-17]. (researchassistantresume.com)
Evaluation of thyroid hormone action upon encoding RNAs expression in osteoblastic cells derived from adipose tissue. (fapesp.br)
Therefore, these cells perform primordial functions to the bone development and maintenance. (fapesp.br)
These mice are devoid of endogenous natural killer and T-cell activity and were used to determine whether adoptively transferred expanded natural killer cells could inhibit myeloma growth and myeloma-associated bone destruction. (haematologica.org)
The transferred, expanded natural killer cells proliferated in vivo in an interleukin-2 dose-dependent fashion, persisted up to 4 weeks, were readily detectable in the human bone, inhibited myeloma growth and protected bone from myeloma-induced osteolysis. (haematologica.org)
This latter cell line is derived from the same rat osteosarcoma but is fibroblastic in morphology and expresses none of the OB-like characteristics of ROS 17/2.8 cells. (docksci.com)
They're rich in vitamin C, a nutrient that helps the body make new bone cells. (anabolic-coach.com)
It has also been suggested that vitamin C's antioxidant properties may help prevent bone cells from becoming damaged. (anabolic-coach.com)

Matrix Gla-protein (MGP), a vitamin K-dependent protein present in vascular smooth muscle, bone, and cartilage, is the focus of considerable scientific research because it might help reduce abnormal calcification [ 9 ]. (nih.gov)
Long bones are formed from a cartilage model precursor by endochondral ossification (see the image below) and can range in size from a phalanx to a femur. (medscape.com)
Endochondral ossification of long bones through cartilage precursor. (medscape.com)
Along with other BMPs, including BMP-2, -4 and -7, which are well known as potent osteoinductive growth factors, GDF-5 plays important roles in the development of bones, cartilage and tendons, as evidenced by the tendency for the gene and protein expression levels of GDF-5 to increase over time in these tissues. (ispub.com)
In addition, development and genetic studies have shown that GDF-5 null mutation or transgenic mice exhibit abnormal growth patterns or overgrowth of limbs, long bones, cartilage, joints and digits (Storm et al. (ispub.com)

Karsenty showed in the lab that if the bones in mice were absent of osteocalcin that they would show signs of depression, have trouble breeding, and alter mice's fat storage processes in the liver, muscles, pancreas and brain. (meltmethod.com)

OB mediates bone formation through runt-related transcription factor 2(Runx2). (frontiersin.org)

In Dentistry autogenous bone is the most useful tissue used in pre-prosthetic surgery and rehabilitation treatment of bone defects, thereby contributing to the function and aesthetics 8 . (bvsalud.org)
The study evaluates the ability of osteoprogenitors treated with platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) delivered on vinyl styrene microbeads (VSM) to regenerate rat calvarial critical-size defects (CSDs). (allenpress.com)
however, we hypothesize that the VSM can be used to deliver osteoblastic progenitors into bone defects. (allenpress.com)

The development of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has a history of more than three decades. (biomedcentral.com)

A prior study within a rabbit calvarial defect model additional revealed that there is seductive spatial and temporal relationship between newly produced blood vessels and further skeletal bone tissue development [12]. (researchassistantresume.com)
Therefore, in natural bone remodeling, the bonding phenomenon is limited to submicron interlocking [3], however, the long-term physical stability of the interface between new and old bone, which is crucial for the stability of skeletal tissue, depends on the higher-order morphology properties. (toysis.pics)
Involvement of bone in lung cancer metastases is a major source of morbidity and mortality arising from skeletal related events (SREs) [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
Strengthening one's skeletal system through the building of healthy bones is crucial. (anabolic-coach.com)

We also show that this novel electrospun adipose tissue scaffold is capable of supporting stem cell growth. (vcu.edu)

Eric Kandel speculates that bones may in fact be a part of the endocrine system and even play a role in regulating blood sugar. (meltmethod.com)
As the bones and fascia are inter-connected as there is no separation from bone to fascia the network of these connective tissues are also thought to be a part of the endocrine system. (meltmethod.com)

However, the scarce locations available for autogenous bone harvesting as well as donor site morbidity require the search for other alternatives. (allenpress.com)

Menaquinone-4 (also known as menatetrenone from its four isoprene residues) is the most common type of vitamin K2 in animal products since MK-4 is normally synthesized from vitamin K1 in certain animal tissues (arterial walls, pancreas, and testes) by replacement of the phytyl tail with an unsaturated geranylgeranyl tail containing four isoprene units, thus yielding menaquinone-4 which is Water Soluble in nature. (wikipedia.org)

Biomaterials can be defined as any material that acts replacing a lost bone defect and its function. (bvsalud.org)
Biomaterials can be defined as "any material, natural or synthetic, that acts in tissues/organs in order to replace the bone defect lost and s function" 13 . (bvsalud.org)

It seems bones are far more than spacers for our structural support and a storage unit for calcium and phosphate. (meltmethod.com)
Ask anyone what's good for bones and most will respond, "calcium. (nutraceuticalsworld.com)
Mr. Anderson noted, "Calcium has long been recognized as a core bone-support ingredient, but over the last few years, studies have circulated showing that excessive calcium supplementation can lead to increased cardiovascular risk, which had an effect on calcium sales (i.e., they were observed dipping). (nutraceuticalsworld.com)
But to make sure that calcium is being directed to the bones where it is needed, and blocked from depositing in arteries and blood vessels, we need vitamin K2," Mr. Anderson explained. (nutraceuticalsworld.com)
So, we have seen an increase in bone-support products that feature calcium and vitamins D and now K2. (nutraceuticalsworld.com)
Vitamin D3 is most noted for optimizing calcium absorption, thereby promoting peak bone mass and bone strength. (patientoneformulas.com)
Vitamin K2-7 acts as an activator of osteocalcin, allowing calcium to bind this protein to the mineral matrix of bone. (patientoneformulas.com)
This form of vitamin K concentrates in the tissues of the arteries, where it helps to maintain normal calcium metabolism and support healthy vascular elasticity. (patientoneformulas.com)
It constitutes 1.5 to 2% of the total body weight with more than 99% of the calcium being present in the bones. (iherb.com)
In addition to its major function in building and maintaining bone and teeth, calcium is also important in the activity of many enzymes in the body. (iherb.com)
Adequate calcium intake has an established role in maintaining bone health, primarily in very young women and the elderly. (iherb.com)
A detailed analysis of controlled trials with calcium supplementation alone for bone health showed only a modest benefit on bone health. (iherb.com)
Osteocalcin is the major non-collagen protein found in our bones and in its active form, it anchors calcium into place within the bone. (iherb.com)
Having a low protein intake has been shown to reduce calcium absorption and may also affect bone formation and breakdown rates, according to a study. (anabolic-coach.com)
However, one potential drawback of high-protein diets is the potential loss of bone-building calcium as a result of the body's attempt to neutralize the acidity of the blood. (anabolic-coach.com)

Granted osteocalcin isn't the only hormone or protein that plays a role in regulating insulin, fertility, and brain function but it does seem to be a very relevant element in many brain functions and neurotransmission. (meltmethod.com)
They are fundamental to the bone metabolism, once hormone alterations result in bone disorders. (fapesp.br)

Furthermore, Howship's lacunae form themselves on a bone surface with an even higher order topography, as can be seen from the strut-like morphology of the bony trabeculae in cancellous bone. (toysis.pics)
Trabecular and cancellous bone. (medscape.com)

Total serum osteocalcin, prolonged hypercalcemia and extrathyroidal manifestations. (lorenzopetrantoni.com)

K2 is both a tissue and bacterial product (derived from vitamin K1 in both cases) and is usually found in animal products or fermented foods. (wikipedia.org)
The most common in the human diet is the short-chain, water-soluble menatetrenone (MK-4), which is usually produced by tissue and/or bacterial conversion of vitamin K1, and is commonly found in animal products. (wikipedia.org)
It is known that production of MK-4 from dietary plant vitamin K1 can be accomplished by animal tissues alone, as it proceeds in germ-free rodents. (wikipedia.org)
This rapid metabolism accounts for vitamin K's relatively low blood levels and tissue stores compared to those of the other fat-soluble vitamins [ 11 ]. (nih.gov)

Osteocalcin, also known as bone gamma carboxyglutamic acid and contains protein (BGLAP), is a non-collagenous protein found in bone and dentin. (meltmethod.com)

Bone is an active metabolism tissue, which constantly undergoes bone remodeling. (frontiersin.org)

Most bones have a thick, well-organized outer shell (cortex) and a less dense mesh of bony struts in the center (trabecular bone) (see the image below). (medscape.com)
The only bones that lack a true cortex are the vertebrae, which are covered by a compact condensation of trabecular bone. (medscape.com)
Most commonly associated with joint surfaces, it usually comprises a thin, compact bone shell with a large amount of bony struts (trabecular bone) for support of the cortical shell. (medscape.com)

We show here that adipose tissue ECM can, in fact, be electrospun into a nanofiberous mesh, histologically shown to contain connective tissue, collagens, elastic fibers/elastin, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins in the newly synthesized matrix. (vcu.edu)

The field of bone turnover markers has developed considerably in the past decade. (medscape.com)
The major advantages of using osteocalcin as a clinical index of bone turnover are its tissue specificity, its wide availability, and its relatively low within-person variation. (medscape.com)
In general, serum levels are elevated in patients with diseases characterized by a high bone turnover rate, and the serum levels reflect the expected changes in bone formation following surgical and therapeutic intervention. (medscape.com)
In one study that ran for three months, women who consumed the equivalent of nine servings of parsley, cabbage, broccoli, or other plants rich in bone-protective antioxidants witnessed a decrease in bone turnover. (anabolic-coach.com)

MK-7, however significantly increases serum MK-7 levels and therefore may be of particular importance for extrahepatic tissues. (wikipedia.org)
Serum osteocalcin is considered a specific marker of osteoblast function, as its levels correlate with the bone formation rate. (medscape.com)
The resulting heterogeneity of the osteocalcin fragments in the serum leads to limitations with the use of this marker. (medscape.com)
Serum osteocalcin levels reportedly vary significantly during the menstrual cycle, with the highest levels observed during the luteal phase. (medscape.com)

In this study, we aim to leverage these metabolic changes as potential biomarkers for assessing ovarian cancer.A functional module-based approach was utilized to identify key gene expression pathways that distinguish different stages of ovarian cancer (OC) within a tissue biopsy cohort. (stanford.edu)

According to David O'Leary, commercial manager of Marigot Ltd ., Cork, Ireland, "consumers are seeking bone health supplements that are available in multiple delivery systems such as on-the-go/ready-to-drink, capsules, tablets, sachets etc., and they want products that taste good and can be taken at any time during the day. (nutraceuticalsworld.com)

Anatomy29

Organisms1

Diseases18

Chemicals and Drugs46

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment9

Phenomena and Processes13

Technology, Industry, Agriculture4

Osteoblasts11

Osteopontin4

Mesenchymal11

Mineralization8

Morphogenetic protein6

Osteogenesis4

Differentiation19

Stem cells13

Alkaline phosphatase7

Isolated from bone marrow1

Marrow5

Regeneration19

Protein osteocalcin2

Fractures5

Osteoporosis19

Resorption6

Scaffolds4

Collagen type1

Target tissues3

Dental pulp3

Adipose-tissue-derived1

Differentiate2

Proteins4

Vitro5

MSCs4

Mineral density6

Skeleton3

ASCs1

Density5

Cells8

Cartilage5

Liver1

Runx21

Defects3

Engineering and regenerative medicine1

Skeletal4

Scaffold1

Endocrine2

Autogenous bone1

Pancreas1

Defect2

Calcium15

Hormone2

Cancellous bone2

Hypercalcemia1

Vitamin4

Known as bone1

Metabolism1

Trabecular bone3

Connective tissue1

Turnover4

Serum4

Pathways1

Seeking bone health1