Sakamaki K, Tomonaga M, Tsukui K, Nagata S. Molecular cloning and characterization of a chromosomal gene for human eosinophil peroxidase. (rusmedserv.com)
The peroxidase active site, which catalyzes the reduction of PGG2 to PGH2, is located on the other side of the molecule, at the heme binding site. (wikipedia.org)
Role of intracellular trafficking of thyroperoxidase and involvement generated at the apical surface of thyroid cells in covalent heme binding. (rusmedserv.com)
Probing structure-function relations in heme-containing oxygenases and peroxidases. (expasy.org)
Superfamily1
We also developed two profiles, one specific for the animal peroxidases superfamily and one directed against the plant peroxidase superfamily. (expasy.org)
Human thyroid2
Human thyroid peroxidase: complete protein sequence, chromosome mapping, and identification two alternately spliced mRNAs. (rusmedserv.com)
Human thyroid peroxidase (TPO) isoforms, and TPO-2: analysis of protein expression in Graves' tissue. (rusmedserv.com)
Enzymes2
Kimura S, Ikeda-Saito M. Human myeloperoxidase peroxidase, two enzymes with separate and distinct physiological functions, are evolutionary related members gene family. (rusmedserv.com)
Some bacterial species produce enzymes that exhibit both catalase and broad-spectrum peroxidase activities [4]. (expasy.org)
and a large C-terminal catalytic domain containing the cyclooxygenase and the peroxidase active sites. (wikipedia.org)
Dual oxidase3
This protein is known as dual oxidase because it has both a peroxidase homology domain and a gp91phox domain. (nih.gov)
6. Thyroid hydrogen peroxide production is enhanced by the Th2 cytokines, IL-4 and IL-13, through increased expression of the dual oxidase 2 and its maturation factor DUOXA2. (nih.gov)
9. Separation of Dual Oxidase 2 and Lactoperoxidase Expression in Intestinal Crypts and Species Differences May Limit Hydrogen Peroxide Scavenging During Mucosal Healing in Mice and Humans. (nih.gov)
Myeloperoxidase2
Members of Chordata peroxidase subfamily [1] expressed in mammals, including myeloperoxidase (MPO), eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), lactoperoxidase (LPO), and thyroid peroxidase (TPO), express conserved motifs around the heme prosthetic group essential for their activity, a calcium-binding site, and at least two covalent bonds linking the heme group to the protein backbone. (nih.gov)
Myeloperoxidase can be replaced by lactoperoxidase in the iodide-, thyroxine and triiodothyronine-dependent, but not in the chloride-dependent, systems. (consensus.app)
Hydrogen peroxide1
Generates hydrogen peroxide which is required for the activity of thyroid peroxidase/TPO and lactoperoxidase/LPO. (nih.gov)
Biosynthesis2
Although most studies of the biosynthesis of these peroxidases have focused on MPO, many of the features described occur during biosynthesis of other members of the protein subfamily. (nih.gov)
Whereas MPO biosynthesis includes events typical for proteins generated in the secretory pathway, the importance and consequences of heme insertion are events uniquely associated with peroxidases. (nih.gov)
Hormone9
The synthesis of thyroid hormone is catalyzed by a protein complex located at the apical membrane of thyroid follicular cells. (nih.gov)
Successful treatment of thyroid disorders requires a solid understanding of the production of thyroid hormone and how this relates to thyroid disorders and their treatments. (jeffreydachmd.com)
The main job of the thyroid gland is to produce and secrete thyroid hormone into the blood stream in a ratio of 80% T4 and 20% T3. (jeffreydachmd.com)
This thyroid hormone is transported in the blood stream to a trillion cells in our body, the periphery. (jeffreydachmd.com)
Once the T4 thyroid hormone reached the cell level in the periphery, it must be converted to T3, its active form. (jeffreydachmd.com)
This intracellular T3 is the active form of thyroid hormone which increases intracellular energy and serves as a "major endocrine controllers of metabolic rate" as we will discuss below. (jeffreydachmd.com)
Chemical Structure of thyroid hormone: Above left image is T4 with four iodine atoms, and above right image is T3 with three Iodine atoms. (jeffreydachmd.com)
An increase in thyroid hormone level will increase metabolic rate, primarily via effects on mitochondria, stimulating increased numbers and size of mitochondria (mitochondriogenesis) as well as respiratory chain components within the mitochondria. (jeffreydachmd.com)
Microscopically, the thyroid gland demonstrates a pattern with thousands of small spherical follicles serving as storage chambers for colloid, thyroglobulin, the precursor storage protein converted to thyroid hormone by adding iodine molecules in a process called organification. (jeffreydachmd.com)
Inhibitors1
Hemolysis is is inhibited by the peroxidase inhibitors, azide and cyanide, and by catalase and is stimulated by superoxide dismutase when the xanthine oxidase system is employed as the source of H2O2. (consensus.app)
Inhibition1
This is done by interfering with the oxidation of iodide ion and iodotyrosyl groups through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme. (drugcentral.org)
Gland2
In this chapter, we take a deep dive into the molecular biology and pathophysiology of the normal thyroid gland at the cellular and biochemical level. (jeffreydachmd.com)
The workhorse of the thyroid gland is the thyrocyte, a cuboidal cell arranged in a circular array surrounding the follicles, the round "storage tanks" filled pink staining colloid, also called thyroglobulin. (jeffreydachmd.com)
Biochemical1
The statistical analyses were performed to analyze the differences between biochemical data, thyroid volume, clinical prognosis and genetic results for 97 patients who had one or more variants in CH related genes. (bvsalud.org)
Active1
and a large C-terminal catalytic domain containing the cyclooxygenase and the peroxidase active sites. (wikipedia.org)
Health1
The thyroid has far reaching effects on health from fetal development to adulthood. (jeffreydachmd.com)