These data suggest that systemic activation of complement induces C5a-dependent apoptosis of thymocytes and that the blockade of C5a during sepsis rescues thymocytes from apoptosis. (jci.org)
Thymus7
In addition to intrathymic selection, and during this medullary residency period, CD4 + and CD8 + single positive (CD4SP, CD8SP) thymocytes acquire the ability to proliferate in response to TCR stimulation, and undergo licensing for cytokine production, prior to exiting the thymus to join the peripheral T-cell pool as Recent Thymus Emigrants (RTE) ( 5 , 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
Broadly separated into mesenchymal and endothelial cells, NES have been implicated in thymus organogenesis, thymocyte development, tolerance induction and development/maintenance of epithelial stroma. (frontiersin.org)
The present study demonstrates in a murine model that a mixture of propanil and 2,4-D, when compared to single herbicide exposures, exacerbates decreases in thymocyte populations 2 d postexposure and inhibits the repopulation of T-cells in the thymus 7 d postexposure. (cdc.gov)
Cells of the thymus, known as thymocytes, play a critical role in the development of T-cells alongside a myriad of other specialized cells. (fredhutch.org)
Infection of 1-day-old chicks without maternal antibodies causes apoptosis of the haematopoietic cells in the bone marrow and thymocytes in the thymus cortex causing anemia and immunosuppression. (caister.com)
In this study, the finding that a significant proportion of all dendritic cells (DCs) resident in vivo in the human postnatal thymus displayed a myeloid-related phenotype prompted us to re-examine the developmental origin of thymic DCs, a cell type hitherto considered to represent a homogeneous lymphoid-derived population. (ashpublications.org)
We also demonstrate that phenotypically and functionally equivalent myeloid precursors devoid of T-cell potential do exist in vivo in the postnatal thymus. (ashpublications.org)
Thymic7
C5a blockade dramatically reduced thymocyte apoptosis as measured by thymic weight, binding of annexin V to thymocytes, and laddering of thymocyte DNA. (jci.org)
Thymic atrophy was associated with a decrease in the double positive thymocyte population (CD4(+)CD8(+)) and correlated with sera corticosterone levels from 600 to 1000 P g/ml. (cdc.gov)
Therefore, the hypothesis was tested that glucocorticoids, induced after exposure to herbicides , were responsible for the thymic atrophy and depletion of thymocytes. (cdc.gov)
In particular, the expression of a large diversity of tissue-restricted self-antigens (TRAs) by mature medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) is critical to the elimination of autoreactive thymocytes and selection of regulatory T cells (Tregs) able to suppress autoimmunity. (anr.fr)
Pharmacological intervention can restore thymic regeneration in in vivo models. (fredhutch.org)
It has been postulated that the high apoptotic rate of thymocytes generates markedly increased levels of dGTP in the thymic milieu, which may account for the predominant destruction of these cells. (medilib.ir)
This proposal is further supported by the finding that development of thymic DCs and T cells is linked via a common precursor at an early stage of thymocyte development. (ashpublications.org)
Murine2
In a further description of the mechanism of T-cell depletion in purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency, Arpaia et al reported increased in vivo apoptosis of T cells and increased in vitro sensitivity to gamma irradiation in a murine model. (medscape.com)
In addition, mTEC screen thymocytes for their expression of high affinity αβ-TCRs, with negative selection limiting the release of these reactive T-cells into the peripheral pool ( 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
It is a member of the Ig superfamily, expressed on thymocytes, most peripheral T cells, and NK cells. (biolegend.com)
PNP-deficient mice exhibit impaired thymocyte differentiation, as well as a decreased number of maturing thymocytes, particularly double-positive cells, and peripheral T cells [ 33,35 ]. (medilib.ir)
Foxp31
Through the process of producing and presenting a diverse array of self-antigens, mTEC drive single positive thymocytes either down conventional or Foxp3 + regulatory thymocyte lineages ( 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
Induces1
We previously showed GT1b induces mesencephalic dopaminergic (DA) neuronal death, both in vivo and in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
Differentiation2
Additional reported applications (for the relevant formats) include: immunoprecipitation 1 , in vitro costimulation of T and NK cells 1 , in vitro blocking of allogeneic mixed leukocyte response and inhibition of MHC-unrestricted CTL cytotoxicity 3,4 , in vitro induction of thymocyte differentiation 2,5-9,11 , and immunohistochemical staining of acetone-fixed frozen sections. (biolegend.com)
An age-dependent attrition of thymocytes and impaired thymocyte differentiation is also seen in these mice [ 36 ]. (medilib.ir)
Apoptotic1
Two decades later, pioneering studies suggested that lectin-like molecules constitutively expressed on the surface of macrophages can selectively recognize changes on glycans decorating the surface of apoptotic thymocytes, 4 , 5 although these studies likewise did not provide substantial insight into the mechanisms by which lectin-glycan interactions regulate cell death. (nature.com)
Populations3
Cortical epithelial cells (cTEC) support the earliest thymocyte progenitor populations, guiding them through the cortex, directing them to a T-cell lineage fate and ensuring their functional qualities as self-MHC restricted cells through the process of positive selection ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
In vivo selection of parental cells resulted in the isolation of independent, aggressively liver metastatic breast cancer populations. (thrombin-inhibitor.com)
The expression of genes encoding tight-junctional proteins were elevated (Claudin-2) or lost (Claudin-3, -4, -5 and -7) in highly liver aggressive in vivo selected cell populations. (thrombin-inhibitor.com)
C57BL1
Double negative thymocytes were isolated from C57BL/6J mice and transduced with retroviral vectors containing mutant hIL7R plus hTLX3 , or the genes alone. (confex.com)
Assays1
Using in vitro co-culture assays, they compared thymocytes undergoing apoptosis to thymocytes in which apoptosis had been blocked, and observed increased levels of IL-23 and BMP4 in the apoptosis-inhibited cells. (fredhutch.org)
Neuronal1
Caspase-2 is not required for thymocyte or neuronal apoptosis even though cleavage of caspase-2 is dependent on both Apaf-1 and caspase-9. (southernbiotech.com)
Mice4
Transduced thymocytes were cultured on the OP9-DL4 bone marrow stromal cell line for 5-13 days and accessed for expression of transduced constructs and then injected into sublethally irradiated Rag -/- mice. (confex.com)
Gene-targeted mice lacking Vav have a severe defect in positive and negative selection of T cell antigen receptor transgenic thymocytes in vivo, and vav−/− thymocytes are completely resistant to peptide-specific and anti-CD3/anti-CD28-mediated apoptosis. (ox.ac.uk)
JPH203 could also alter the in vivo growth of luciferase-expressing-tPTEN-/- cells xenografted into nude mice. (c3m-nice.fr)
The mitogenic and allogeneic response of T cells in these mice is decreased, T cell apoptosis is increased in vivo, and a higher sensitivity to irradiation is seen in vitro. (medilib.ir)
The most effective immunosuppressive regimen includes horse anti-thymocyte globulin (hATG) in combination with cyclosporine, a treatment which has been shown to be superior to either ATG or cyclosporine alone. (haematologica.org)
The OKT3 antibody has been reported to have potent immunosuppressive properties in vivo and has been proven effective in the treatment of renal, heart and liver allograft rejection. (thermofisher.com)
Regulation1
Research on vitamin D regulation of thymocyte selection, Th1 and Th17 cells, T-cell programed cell death, and T-regulatory (Treg) cells is summarized and integrated into model mechanisms. (frontiersin.org)
Regulatory T cel1
6 In addition, rATG may selectively promote the expansion of regulatory T cells, 11 possibly inducing in vivo immune tolerance through this mechanism. (haematologica.org)
Inhibits1
Secreted FKN inhibits lung adenocarcinoma growth in vivo through a prominent contribution of systemic effector NK cells and increased tumor immune infiltration. (bvsalud.org)
Cell4
Fig. 4: Anti-CD80 TKMG48 augments PD-1-binding capacities of DCs and suppresses antigen-specific T cell responses in vivo. (nature.com)
While we have shown that mutant IL7Ra is sufficient to transform an immortalized thymocyte cell line, mutation of IL7Ra alone was insufficient to cause transformation of primary T cells, suggesting that additional genetic lesions may be present contributing to initiate leukemia. (confex.com)
We sought to determine whether combination of mutant hIL7Ra plus TLX3 overexpression is sufficient to generate T-cell leukemia in vivo . (confex.com)
Taken together, these data show that oncogenic IL7R activation is sufficient for cooperation with hTLX3 in ex vivo thymocyte cell transformation, and that cells expressing the combination muthIL7R-hTLX3 is sufficient to trigger T-cell leukemia in vivo . (confex.com)
Responses1
Background A combination of horse anti-thymocyte globulin and cyclosporine produces responses in 60-70% of patients with severe aplastic anemia. (haematologica.org)
Development2
Activation of V(D)J recombination by EαMC during thymocyte development resulted, however, to be premature and indistinguishable from that of Tα1-Tα2. (aai.org)
Impairment in thymocyte numbers, development, proliferation, and apoptosis were observed for up to two weeks. (en-journal.org)
Liver1
In a model based on carbon-tetrachloride-induced liver injury, these cells were consistently highly tumorigenic in vivo, similar to p53 -/- cells and in contrast to both p53 +/+ and p53 +/- ES cells. (silverchair.com)
Our results indicate that peptide-triggered thymocyte apoptosis is mediated via Vav activation, changes in the actin cytoskeleton, and subsequent activation of a PKC isoform. (ox.ac.uk)
In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that GT1b neurotoxicity is accompanied by inactivation of Akt, activation of GSK-3β and increase in tau phosphorylation in mesencephalic DA neurons, both in vivo and in vitro . (biomedcentral.com)
Similar3
Similar results were found when CVF was injected in vivo during the early stages of CLP. (jci.org)
Results Response rates at 3, 6 and 12 months were similar for patients treated with rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin or horse anti-thymocyte globulin: 40% versus 55% ( P =0.43), 45% versus 58% ( P =0.44) and 50% versus 58% ( P =0.61), respectively. (haematologica.org)
Conclusions Despite reports suggesting differences in biological activity of different anti-thymocyte globulin preparations, rabbit and horse anti-thymocyte globulin appear to have a similar efficacy for up-front treatment of severe aplastic anemia. (haematologica.org)
Clinical1
Design and Methods Twenty patients with severe aplastic anemia treated with rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin were compared to 67 historical control cases with matched clinical characteristics treated with horse anti-thymocyte globulin. (haematologica.org)
Contrast1
In contrast, the dual PI3K (phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase)/mTOR inhibitors BEZ235, GDC0980 and GSK2126458, the highly-selective PI3 K-p110-δ inhibitor idelalisib and the calcineurin inhibitor tacrolimus had no effects on thymocyte respiration. (biomedcentral.com)
Levels1
In both adenosine deaminase and purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiencies, thymocytes are thought to be selectively destroyed because of elevated levels of dATP and dGTP. (medscape.com)
Manner2
Following cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in rats, thymocytes underwent apoptosis in a time-dependent manner. (jci.org)
CD3 is expressed by thymocytes in a developmentally regulated manner and by all mature T cells. (thermofisher.com)
We performed a phase II study of rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin and cyclosporine as first-line therapy for severe aplastic anemia. (haematologica.org)
Growth1
Thymocytes transduced with muthIL-7R-hTLX3 transformed to cytokine-independent growth and expanded over 30 days in the absence of all cytokines. (confex.com)