Thiol group. Medical search. Frequent questions

The −SH functional group itself is referred to as either a thiol group or a sulfhydryl group, or a sulfanyl group. (wikipedia.org)
Thiols having the structure R−SH, in which an alkyl group (R) is attached to a sulfhydryl group (SH), are referred to as alkanethiols or alkyl thiols. (wikipedia.org)
Selective effects of an essential sulfhydryl group on the activation of dopamine- and guanine nucleotide-sensitive adenylate cyclase. (nih.gov)
A sulfhydryl group (also called "thiol group") consists of a sulfur atom with two lone pairs, bonded to hydrogen. (mbdanceapparel.com)
The sulfhydryl group is ubiquitous in our body and mostly found in the oxidized form as disulfide linkages. (mbdanceapparel.com)
The sulfhydryl group is acidic enough to react with hydroxide ions to form thiolate salts. (mbdanceapparel.com)
Thiols, compounds that contain sulfhydryl group, are powerful reducing agents capable of acting as antioxidants, enzyme cofactors, and neuromodulators. (mobitec.com)
The sulfhydryl group of thiol reacts with Ellman's Reagent [5, 5'-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid)] and generates 2-nitro-5-thiobenzoic acid (TNB) producing a yellow color that can be detected at absorbance 420 nm. (mobitec.com)

from Ancient Greek θεῖον (theion) 'sulfur'), or thiol derivative, is any organosulfur compound of the form R−SH, where R represents an alkyl or other organic substituent. (wikipedia.org)
In solids and liquids, the hydrogen-bonding between individual thiol groups is weak, the main cohesive force being Van der Waals interactions between the highly polarizable divalent sulfur centers. (wikipedia.org)
Thiols are also responsible for a class of wine faults caused by an unintended reaction between sulfur and yeast and the "skunky" odor of beer that has been exposed to ultraviolet light. (wikipedia.org)
Thiol, also called mercaptan, any of a class of organic chemical compounds similar to the alcohols and phenols but containing a sulfur atom in place of the oxygen atom. (mbdanceapparel.com)
In organic chemistry, a thiol is a compound that contains the -SH functional group, which is the sulfur analog of a hydroxyl or alcohol group. (mbdanceapparel.com)
The most intriguing feature of this system is its simplicity: A finely balanced catalytic reaction using well-known sulfur chemistry, an established polymerization procedure, protection group chemistry from the toolkit, simple pH control, and a light source all add up to inspiring advances in basic materials research. (chemistryviews.org)
Imiquimod does not contain thiol, sulfur, or amide groups in its structure. (medscape.com)

Serum total thiols and liver function test parameters were estimated by spectrophotometric methods in alcohol abusers on admission (group I) and thirty days after alcohol abstinence along with life style modification (group II) and in non-alcoholic healthy controls. (scialert.net)
Serum amino transaminases, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase levels were increased and total thiols, total proteins and albumin levels were decreased in group I cases compared to group II cases and controls. (scialert.net)
Total thiols status improved significantly along with tranasaminases and transapeptidase with thirty days of alcohol abstinence and life style modification. (scialert.net)
The in vivo antioxidant effects and the anti-inflammatory potential were tested on a rat turpentine oil-induced inflammation, by measuring serum nitric oxide (NOx) and TNF-alpha, total oxidative status (TOS), total antioxidant reactivity (TAR), oxidative stress index (OSI), 3-nitrothyrosine (3NT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total thiols (SH). (hindawi.com)

Thiols have a lower dipole moment relative to their corresponding alcohols. (wikipedia.org)

The thiol reagents N -ethylmaleimide, pCMB, and Cd 2+ and the oxidizing agent 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) in low concentrations (10 µM-10 mM) have also diminished muscarinic binding causing an approximately 50% inhibition at 50 µM concentration. (aspetjournals.org)
Treatment of membranes with reducing- or thiol-reagents diminished the number of antagonist and agonist binding sites and changed the affinity toward these ligands. (aspetjournals.org)
We propose application of iTRAQ reagents in combination with a previous thiol selection method to relatively quantify the redox state of cysteines both within and between samples in a single analysis. (hindawi.com)
Redox proteomics has taken advantage of the thiol specificity of ICAT reagents not only to identify targets of ROS but also to quantify oxidative thiol modifications in individual proteins. (hindawi.com)
It is inhibited by thiol-blocking reagents and occurs in mammalian tissues, microorganisms, and plants. (bvsalud.org)

This is especially important in reference to redox proteins that contain thiol switches susceptible to activation or inactivation. (hindawi.com)
Allosterically regulated proteins that require an activator are sometimes based on a thiol exchange interaction involving cysteines, for example, pyruvate kinase uses fructose bisphosphate (FBPs) as a heterotrophic activator and it contains a cysteine in its FBP binding site [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)

The Pediatric Oncology Group study for metastatic Ewing's sarcoma used amifostine and mesna with the alkylating agents. (uaeu.ac.ae)

Thiols are sometimes referred to as mercaptans (/mərˈkæptæn/) or mercapto compounds, a term introduced in 1832 by William Christopher Zeise and is derived from the Latin mercurio captāns ('capturing mercury') because the thiolate group (RS−), also termed as Mercaptide, bonds very strongly with mercury compounds. (wikipedia.org)
Thiols are more traditionally referred to as mercaptans. (mbdanceapparel.com)

Copper has been shown to be required by a specific mouse olfactory receptor, MOR244-3, which is highly responsive to MTMT as well as to various other thiols and related compounds. (wikipedia.org)
Combining the names of functional groups with the names of the parent alkanes generates a powerful systematic nomenclature for naming organic compounds . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
2005). The second category of sulphur containing compounds are those that contribute positively to wine, named volatile thiols. (ucdavis.edu)
Although these volatile thiols are character-impacting compounds in Sauvignon blanc, they are not unique to this cultivar and have been found in other varieties such as Riesling, Colombard, Semillon, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot (Coetzee et al, 2012). (ucdavis.edu)
Although volatile thiols as a group encompass a variety of compounds, these four are amongst the most significant aromas in Sauvignon blanc. (ucdavis.edu)
Unlike most aroma compounds found in wine, volatile thiols are unique in the fact that they exist in trace amounts in the berries. (ucdavis.edu)
In chemistry thioesters are compounds with the functional group R-S-CO-R'. In biochemistry, the best-known thioesters are derivatives of coenzyme A, e.g., acetyl-CoA. (mbdanceapparel.com)

A reactive cysteine contains a thiolate group (S-) which reacts with H 2 O 2 with rates ranging from 10 to 10 5 M −1 s −1 , depending on their local environment, while the thiol groups (SH) do not react physiologically with H 2 O 2 unless the reaction is catalyzed 10 . (nature.com)
C3.5 Amine reacts with carbonyl groups. (abnova.com)
C3 NHS Ester reacts with amino groups. (abnova.com)
C3 Maleimide reacts with thiol groups. (abnova.com)
C3 Azide reacts with alkyne groups. (abnova.com)

Within an individual protein there may be a number of cysteines which could allow for multiple thiol modifications. (hindawi.com)
Thus, reversible cysteine modifications can influence protein activity and the relative quantification of the status of the thiol can potentially provide valuable insights into protein activity where the protein exists in a range of redox states. (hindawi.com)

These low- to high-viscosity polymers have highly reactive terminal thiol or epoxy groups and are widely used as sealants for insulating glass windows, sealants in construction, sealants for aircraft fuel tanks and fuselages, epoxy modifiers, or intumescent protective coatings. (adhesivesmag.com)
They are terminated by highly reactive thiol groups. (adhesivesmag.com)
Due to the highly reactive thiol end-groups, polysulfide polymers react under the influence of oxidizing agents, epoxies, isocyanates or acrylates by forming highly elastic and rubber-like high-molecular-weight macromolecules without significant physical shrinking. (adhesivesmag.com)
The mechanisms by which isocyanates cause asthma remain unclear, hampering disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.7 It is assumed the reactive nature of N=C=O groups underlies isocyanate asthma, with a hapten-based mechanism as the most obvious pathway to pathogenesis.8 However, the critical "self" reaction targets for isocyanate in vivo remain uncertain. (cdc.gov)

The -SH group itself is called a mercapto group. (mbdanceapparel.com)

For example, furan-2-ylmethanethiol contributes to the aroma of roasted coffee, whereas grapefruit mercaptan, a monoterpenoid thiol, is responsible for the characteristic scent of grapefruit. (wikipedia.org)
In organic chemistry , functional groups (or moieties) are specific groups of atoms within molecules , that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

[ 4 ] An active amide group is found in the structure of many nonthiol drugs, which has resulted in the speculation that this structure may be responsible for the induction of disease. (medscape.com)

Cellular drugs were mainly the thiol form, whereas half of the plasma drugs were disulfides. (uaeu.ac.ae)
Return to Thiols and disulfides . (uni-konstanz.de)

This study estimates such thiol groups in alcohol abusers. (scialert.net)
In conclusion, total thiol status is decreased in alcohol abusers and abstinence of alcohol along with life style modification improves thiol antioxidant status and liver function. (scialert.net)
Thiols, or the sulphur-containing analog of an alcohol, can have a variety of aromas and smells. (ucdavis.edu)
Alcohol and thiol groups are important functional groups for applications ranging from enzyme reactions to making flexible contact lenses. (khanacademy.org)

By employing the thiol-thioester exchange reaction in combination with radical chemistry, polymer chemists can precisely adjust chain lengths and fragmentation patterns. (chemistryviews.org)
The researchers have adopted this method to create dynamic, adaptive networks of a thiol-thioester-based polymer, which are either fluid or solid depending on additives and stimuli. (chemistryviews.org)

References === * Pedersen, A. O., and Jacobsen, J. (1980) Reactivity of the thiol group in human and bovine albumin at pH 3-9, as measured by exchange with 2,2'-dithiodipyridine. (uni-konstanz.de)

It was later proposed to make PMNs out of derivatives of poly(L-lysine) in which 'functional' peptides, for example hormone molecules, were grafted onto monomer side chains via the free amino group (17). (pharmtech.com)

In contrast, O−H bonds in hydroxyl groups are more polar. (wikipedia.org)

Many thiol residues remain unreacted after polymerization and are involved in exchange reactions with the thioester-bound thiol groups, producing fluidity. (chemistryviews.org)

Thiol-epoxy-acrylate hybrid networks are formed by the combination of thiol-acrylate Michael addition and nucleophilic thiol-epoxy coupling catalyzed by 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) in a one-pot synthesis. (aiche.org)
A stoichiometric balance between thiol groups (multifunctional thiol) and the addition of epoxide (difunctional epoxy) and acrylate groups (difunctional acrylate) is applied in the reactant mixture. (aiche.org)
Isothermal polymerization kinetics of two-component nucleophilic thiol reactions, including thiol-epoxy and thiol-acrylate reactions catalyzed by DBU, are characterized by DSC to gain insight into the formation of the thiol-epoxy-acrylate hybrid networks. (aiche.org)
It is observed that at the same DBU loading the thiol-epoxy reaction occurs at a relatively slower rate compared to the thiol-acrylate Michael addition reaction. (aiche.org)
For example, the reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of a trifunctional thiol and a difunctional epoxy with 0.167 % mol DBU/mol thiol groups achieved full conversion at 60 o C within ~ 5 hr while the reaction between the same thiol and the long chain diacrylate went to complete conversion in ~ 1 hr under the same conditions. (aiche.org)

Then we will be ready to learn about some reactions that involve alcohols, ethers, epoxides, thiols, and sulfides as both reactants and products. (khanacademy.org)

MTMT) is a strong-smelling volatile thiol, also detectable at parts per billion levels, found in male mouse urine. (wikipedia.org)
Volatile thiols are most prevalent in Sauvignon blanc, specifically New Zealand style, giving it the distinctive aroma profile which has given designation and respect to this variety and grape growing region. (ucdavis.edu)
Coetzee, C. D. T., W.J., A comprehensive review on Sauvignon blanc aroma with a focus on certain positive volatile thiols. (ucdavis.edu)

Combined incubation with both thiols did not change the extent or form of uptake. (uaeu.ac.ae)
When present at equal levels, these thiols do not influence each other's uptake. (uaeu.ac.ae)

There are several ways to name the alkylthiols: The suffix -thiol is added to the name of the alkane. (wikipedia.org)
I looked at the IUPAC definitions, though somebody would easily understand if you said ethyl thiol, if you wanted to get really anal retentive: The suffix -thiol is added to the name of the alkane. (khanacademy.org)

Although thiols are weak acids, they are far stronger than alcohols. (mbdanceapparel.com)

The finding that Cd 2+ inhibited ligand binding in low concentrations (50 µM) suggested the presence of vicinal thiol groups. (aspetjournals.org)
The SensoLyte® Thiol Quantitation Assay Kit utilizes the widely used Elmann's reagent for colorimetric measurement of thiol concentrations. (mobitec.com)

With the development and optimization of non-invasive techniques, such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), several groups have worked on assessing cerebral metabolism in vivo . (frontiersin.org)

An overview of some common functional groups. (khanacademy.org)
Direct link to Trent Park's post "Are the functional groups. (khanacademy.org)
Are the functional groups set out in any order of priority? (khanacademy.org)
If not where can I find a list showing the priorities of the different functional groups? (khanacademy.org)
Yes, there is an order of priority for functional groups. (khanacademy.org)
The non- hydrogen atoms of functional groups are always associated with each other and with the rest of the molecule by covalent bonds . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Functional groups are attached to the carbon backbone of organic molecules. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Functional groups are far less stable than the carbon backbone and are likely to participate in chemical reactions. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
The following is a list of common functional groups. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Below is an image of multiple functional groups found in organic chemistry. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

Male Wistar rats were randomized into four groups: Control Group (CG), Exposure to Smoke Group (ESG), Antioxidant Group (AG) and Exposure to Smoke plus Antioxidant Group (ESAG). (bvsalud.org)

The odors of thiols, particularly those of low molecular weight, are often strong and repulsive. (wikipedia.org)
The spray of skunks consists mainly of low-molecular-weight thiols and derivatives. (wikipedia.org)
A human olfactory receptor, OR2T11, has been identified which, in the presence of copper, is highly responsive to the gas odorants (see below) ethanethiol and t-butyl mercaptan as well as other low molecular weight thiols, including allyl mercaptan found in human garlic breath, and the strong-smelling cyclic sulfide thietane. (wikipedia.org)

The same functional group will undergo the same or similar chemical reaction(s) regardless of the size of the molecule it is a part of. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
Irradiation with light of higher energy than that used for polymerization unmasked the catalyst to promote the thiol-thioester exchange reaction. (chemistryviews.org)
Incorporation of the non-acidic thiol, mercaptoethanol into the reaction mixture, caused significant activation of the invertase. (who.int)

Modification of thiol-disulfide state of receptor may be involved in the control of binding activity. (aspetjournals.org)

Full conversion is achieved for these two combined thiol reactions based on the disappearance of the thiol absorbance peaks from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), demonstrating the high efficiency of thiol click reactions. (aiche.org)

A very helpful tool to control industrial and laboratory polymerization processes is thiol-thioester chemistry. (chemistryviews.org)

Phenylacetic acid was present in the initial mixture, but was masked by a UV (ultraviolet)-sensitive leaving group. (chemistryviews.org)

In the first part, information about the peptide synthesis was given in a very simple and readable format under the title of solid-phase peptide synthesis including a brief history, solid supports, linkers, protecting groups, and analysis method sections. (intechopen.com)

Thiols are used as odorants to assist in the detection of natural gas (which in pure form is odorless), and the "smell of natural gas" is due to the smell of the thiol used as the odorant. (wikipedia.org)
For Sauvignon blanc, the contribution of these thiols to varietal aroma is quite significant as the levels in wine usually exceed the threshold of detection. (ucdavis.edu)

Evidence for essential thiol groups and disulfide bonds in agonist and antagonist binding to the dopamine receptor. (nih.gov)

When the group of atoms is associated with the rest of the molecule primarily by ionic forces, the group is referred to more properly as a polyatomic ion or complex ion-all of these are called radicals , by a meaning of the term radical that predates the free radical . (newworldencyclopedia.org)
In the formulas, the symbols R and R' usually denotes an attached hydrogen, or a hydrocarbon side chain of any length, but may sometimes refer to any group of atoms. (newworldencyclopedia.org)

Thiol drugs may bind desmoglein 1 or desmoglein 3, creating a neoantigen, which then elicits an immune response. (medscape.com)
Arsenite does not compete with phosphate, but tends to bind to dithiol groups. (cdc.gov)

Thiol drugs are postulated to induce acantholysis through biochemical mechanisms without antibody formation. (medscape.com)
Experiments with skin explants have demonstrated that thiol drugs can induce acantholysis directly. (medscape.com)
Binding of the pemphigus antigens by thiol drugs may interfere with their normal function, resulting in acantholysis. (medscape.com)

An enzyme that catalyzes the release of a N-terminal pyroglutamyl group from a polypeptide provided the next residue is not proline. (bvsalud.org)
This suggested the possibility of an SH group participating in the catalytic activity of the enzyme. (who.int)

Thiols were labeled with monobromobimane, separated on high-pressure liquid chromatography, and detected by fluorescence. (uaeu.ac.ae)

Thiol drugs may interfere with critical enzymes, such as keratinocyte transglutaminase, resulting in loss of epidermal cell cohesion. (medscape.com)
Thiol drugs may activate endogenous proteolytic enzymes, such as plasminogen activators, with subsequent cleavage of desmosomal antigens. (medscape.com)

Any donor that can transfer acyl groups between molecular entities. (ebi.ac.uk)

Thiol (-SH) groups are the major intracellular and extracellular reducing agents. (scialert.net)

Arsenic's affinity for thiol groups allows for the use of thiol group-containing chelators in the treatment of acute arsenic poisoning. (cdc.gov)

What is the structure of thiol? (mbdanceapparel.com)

Which atom can be found in a thiol group? (mbdanceapparel.com)

To determine the fate of combined drug thiols, we measured thiol levels in plasma, red blood cells (RBC), and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of four patients. (uaeu.ac.ae)

Together, the data support a possible thiol mediated transcarbamoylating mechanism linking MDI exposure to pathogenic eosinophilic inflammatory responses. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy9

Organisms6

Chemicals and Drugs174

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment27

Phenomena and Processes35

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science3

Health Care2

Sulfhydryl group8

Sulfur7

Total thiols4

Corresponding alcohols1

Reagents5

Proteins2

Amifostine and mesna1

Referred to as mercaptans2

Compounds7

Reacts5

Protein2

Reactive4

Mercapto1

Responsible for the characteristic2

Amide1

Disulfides2

Alcohol4

Polymer2

Albumin1

Monomer1

Hydroxyl1

Residues1

Epoxy5

Ethers1

Volatile3

Uptake2

Suffix2

Weak1

Concentrations2

Vivo1

Functional groups10

Antioxidant1

Molecular weight3

Reaction3

Modification1

Reactions1

Processes1

Ultraviolet1

Synthesis1

Detection2

Evidence1

Atoms2

Bind2

Acantholysis3

Enzyme2

Liquid1

Enzymes2

Acyl1

Reducing agents1

Treatment1

Structure1

Found1

Levels1

Exposure1