• Then came the thermostable polymerases such as Taq DNA polymerase, which was isolated from the thermophilic, aerobic bacterium Thermus aquaticus. (the-scientist.com)
  • Taq DNA Polymerase is a thermostable enzyme derived from the thermophilic bacterium Thermus aquaticus . (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Three 5S rRNA-binding ribosomal proteins (L5, L18, TL5) of extremely thermophilic bacterium Thermus thermophilus have earlier been isolated. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • aroG , encoding the monofunctional chorismate mutase (TtCM) of the thermophilic gram-negative bacterium Thermus thermophilus , was cloned and its gene product characterized. (springer.com)
  • Thermus scotoductus, sp.nov., a pigment-producing thermophilic bacterium from hot tap water in Iceland and including Thermus sp. (who.int)
  • In autecological studies, the growth of bacteria (or other microorganisms, as protozoa, microalgae or yeasts) in batch culture can be modeled with four different phases: lag phase (A), log phase or exponential phase (B), stationary phase (C), and death phase (D). During lag phase, bacteria adapt themselves to growth conditions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Thus, the discovery of thermophilic microorganisms as considerable biochemical catalysts for biofuels is becoming more and more attractive. (researchsquare.com)
  • Such invaders include Microorganisms (commonly called germs, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi) Parasites. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Biodegradation by microorganisms including bacteria and fungi also occurs in surface waters but at rates much slower than photolysis. (cdc.gov)
  • Production of optically pure lactic acid from lignocellulosic material for commercial purposes is hampered by several difficulties, including heterofermentation of pentose sugars and high energy consumption by mesophilic lactic acid bacteria. (elsevierpure.com)
  • A mesophilic iron oxidizing bacterium, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, has been isolated (33\degree C) from a typical chalcopyrite copperconcentrate of the Sarcheshmeh Copper Mine in the region of Kerman located in the south of Iran. (sharif.edu)
  • The initial Fe^2+ concentrations for the tested mesophilic and thermophilic strains were 7 and 9 g/L, respectively. (sharif.edu)
  • Hydrolytic bacteria in mesophilic and thermophilic degradation of plant biomass. (mpg.de)
  • Prevalence and role of hydrolytic bacteria in mesophilic and thermophilic biogas reactors. (mpg.de)
  • Mesophilic range bacteria are best able to process organic waste at low pH. (biocycle.net)
  • When early stage ASP temperatures are controlled by sufficiently high peak aeration rates, regrowth of mesophilic bacteria are able to oxidize inhibitory organic acids and raise the pH to within the efficient BMP range of 6.5 to 8, where more rapid stabilization can occur (see Figure 2 in Part I or in the online version of Part II). (biocycle.net)
  • Varunaivibrio sulfuroxidans is a mesophilic, facultative anaerobic, facultative chemolithoautotrophic bacterium isolated from a sulfidic shallow-water marine gas vent located at Tor Caldara, in the Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy. (rutgers.edu)
  • Sulfurovum riftiae is a mesophilic, anaerobic chemosynthetic bacterium isolated from the tube of the vent polychaete, Riftia pachyptila on the East Pacific Rise. (rutgers.edu)
  • Galenea microaerophila is a mesophilic, strictly microaerophilic, chemosynthetic bacterium isolated from the sediment of an active shallow-water hydrothermal vent in Paleochori Bay, on the Greek island of Milos. (rutgers.edu)
  • During this time both the Mesophilic and Thermophilic bacteria will begin to awaken but will be doing only minimal acid production. (cheesemaking.com)
  • [2] [1] is a gram-positive bacterium , and a fermentative facultative anaerobe , of the viridans group. (wikipedia.org)
  • The thermophilic bacterium Caldicellulosiruptor bescii uses an intermediate strategy, secreting many free cellulases that contain multiple catalytic domains. (rcsb.org)
  • Here, we report a novel lactic acid bacterium, strain QU 50, that has the potential to produce optically pure l-lactic acid (≥99.2%) in a homofermentative manner from xylose under thermophilic conditions. (elsevierpure.com)
  • To our knowledge, this is the first report of homofermentative lactic acid production from xylose by a thermophilic lactic acid bacterium. (elsevierpure.com)
  • It is also classified as a lactic acid bacterium . (wikipedia.org)
  • The bacteria eat the natural milk sugars and excrete lactic acid, which in turn causes the milk to curdle and create a more solid substance. (catalogs.com)
  • Iodine will kill the lactic bacteria in the aging process. (cheesemaking.com)
  • Lactic bacteria is important for proper aging of cheese. (cheesemaking.com)
  • it was more closely related to Saccharococcus thermophillus than to thermophilic Bacillus species. (edu.au)
  • 1] Near the end of the logarithmic phase of a batch culture, competence for natural genetic transformation may be induced, as in Bacillus subtilis and in other bacteria. (wikipedia.org)
  • The enzyme belongs to the rare group of AroH-type chorismate mutases which are mainly found in gram-positive bacteria of the Bacillus / Clostridia group and have recently also been described for gram-negative organisms. (springer.com)
  • In terms of temperature, the safest way to compost is by creating conditions that allow thermophilic aerobic bacteria to thrive. (howstuffworks.com)
  • Parvibaculum hydrocarbonoclasticum is an aerobic, alkane-oxidizing bacterium isolated from hydrothermal fluids collected from a deep-sea vent on the East Pacific Rise. (rutgers.edu)
  • 16S-ITS rDNA RFLP, plasmid profiling and pulsed field gel electrophoresis studies were performed for this purpose.112 thermophilic strains were isolated from various environmental samples collected within Balçova Geothermal Region. (iyte.edu.tr)
  • Research teams have sequenced the genome of two strains of S. thermophilus , CNRZ1066 and LMG13811, and stated that the bacteria are not dangerous. (wikipedia.org)
  • In the experiment, two different strains of bacteria are used to make reduced-fat cheddar cheese: a strain of Lactococcus lactis and a strain of S. thermophilus . (wikipedia.org)
  • At the time of his death in May 1995, he was working on a project sponsored by the National Science Foundation to create enzymes from thermophilic bacteria that were powerful enough to detoxify contaminants, pollutants, and nuclear wastes in the world's oceans. (nih.gov)
  • Thermostability is a feature of most of the enzymes sold for bulk industrial usage and thermophilic organisms are therefore of special interest as a source of novel thermostable enzymes. (scielo.br)
  • Results A lignocellulose degrading strain isolated from thermophilic compost was identified as Geobacillus stearothermophilus B5, which could secrete considerable enzymes at the optimal temperature (60°C) and pH (7.5). (researchsquare.com)
  • however, some bacteria use large enzymatic assemblies called cellulosomes, which recruit complementary enzymes to protein scaffolds. (rcsb.org)
  • This question is investigated in a family of proteins, including enzymes from highly thermophilic bacteria, a potential source of thermostable biocatalysts. (europa.eu)
  • Furthermore, based on sequence analysis it is proposed that Hjc_15-6 has a three-part catalytic motif corresponding to E-SD-EVK, and this motif may be common among other Hj-resolving enzymes originating from thermophilic bacteriophages. (iucr.org)
  • Supercharging SIP in the Fungal Hyphosphere Applying high-throughput stable isotope probing to the study of a particular fungi, researchers identified novel interactions between bacteria and the fungi. (doe.gov)
  • These antigens include organic dusts containing bacteria, fungi,4 animal or plant proteins, or low-molecular-weight chemicals. (cdc.gov)
  • Anaerocellum thermophilum" DSM 6725 is a strictly anaerobic bacterium that grows optimally at 75 degrees C. It uses a variety of polysaccharides, including crystalline cellulose and untreated plant biomass, and has potential utility in biomass conversion. (doe.gov)
  • nov., a moderately thermophilic anaerobic bacterium isolated from microbial mats at a terrestrial hot spring and proposal of Ignavibacteria classis nov., for a novel lineage at the periphery of green sulfur bacteria. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • An extremely thermophilic, strictly anaerobic, facultatively chemolithoautotrophic bacterium designated strain DS T was isolated from Treshchinnyi Spring, one of the hottest springs of the Uzon Caldera (Kamchatka, Russia). (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • strain PV-1 is a piezophilic, thermophilic, anaerobic, chemolithoautotrophic bacterium isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent on the East Pacific Rise. (rutgers.edu)
  • Cetia pacifica is a thermophilic, anaerobic chemosynthetic bacterium isolated from an active deep-sea hydrothermal vent on the East Pacific Rise. (rutgers.edu)
  • Phorcysia thermohydrogeniphila is a hyperthermophilic, anaerobic chemolithotrophic bacterium isolated from a tube of an Alvinella pompejana tubeworm collected at the East Pacific Rise at 13N. (rutgers.edu)
  • A genomic library of the extremely thermophilic eubacterial strain Rt8B.4 was constructed in λZapII and screened for the expression of xylanase activity. (edu.au)
  • A moderately thermophilic and heterotrophic bacterial strain, LA T , was isolated from microbial mats sampled at a hot spring in Nakabusa, Nagano, Japan. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • nov., two novel moderately thermophilic species isolated from a hot spring. (bvsalud.org)
  • and collected air samples for ammonia, hydrogen sulfide , enteric bacteria, and thermophilic actinomycetes. (cdc.gov)
  • Thermophilic actinomycetes, an indicator of the microbial contamination found at the higher temperatures needed to compost organic material, were detected in PBZ air samples collected while employees cleaned composting toilets. (cdc.gov)
  • A thermophilic, gram-negative genus of bacteria in the phylum Aquificae and the family Aquificaceae. (bvsalud.org)
  • Nishihara A , Thiel V , Matsuura K , McGlynn SE , Haruta S . Phylogenetic diversity of nitrogenase reductase genes and possible nitrogen-fixing bacteria in thermophilic chemosynthetic microbial communities in Nakabusa hot springs. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • iPHoP: A Matchmaker for Phages and their Hosts Building on existing virus-host prediction approaches, a new tool combines and evaluates multiple predictions to reliably match viruses with their archaea and bacteria hosts. (doe.gov)
  • All biological membranes contain enantiomerically pure lipids in modern bacteria, eukarya and archaea. (mdpi.com)
  • A potential explanation is that Archaea cope better with low-energy stress, whereas Bacteria have fitness advantages in energy-rich or unstable environments 12 . (nature.com)
  • Characterization of a New Thermophilic Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium 'Thermodesulfovibrio yellowstonii' gen. nov. and sp. (epa.gov)
  • The delicate blue water is created by thermophilic bacteria, which thrive in the pool's searing heat. (atlasobscura.com)
  • Hae III restriction profiles indicated the existence of three different types of plasmids.PFGE optimization studies by Sma I restriction endonuclease for thermophilic Bacilli were also performed. (iyte.edu.tr)
  • Several closely related, xylanolytic, thermophilic bacilli were isolated from local soils on xylose-containing minimal medium. (edu.au)
  • Streptococcus" derives from a Greek term meaning "twisted kernel" and refers to the way the bacterium is grouped in chains that resemble a string of beads. (wikipedia.org)
  • For a substance to be called yogurt, it must contain two kinds of bacteria: Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus, although other types such as Lactobacillus casei are often used as well. (catalogs.com)
  • Farmer's lung, which results from repeated inhalation of heat-loving (thermophilic) bacteria in moldy hay, is a well-known example of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Hypersensitivity pneumonitis was originally described in 1713 as an occupational lung disease in grain workers and later, in 1932, in farmers inhaling moldy hay contam- inated with thermophilic actinomyces, hence the term farmer's lung.1 With this recog- nition, modernization of farming methods has resulted in the reduction in farmer's lung prevalence estimated at 0.5% to 3% of exposed farmers in studies spanning from 1980 to 2003. (cdc.gov)
  • S. thermophilus is one of the most widely used bacteria in the dairy industry. (wikipedia.org)
  • The proper temperature?Lactobacilli andStreptococcus thermophilus are thermophilic bacteria, which means they prefer higher temperatures for growth. (catalogs.com)
  • In the United States, the most common are avian antigens (derived from birds), mycobacterial antigens (in aerosols derived from hot tub water), and bacteria (derived from moldy hay). (medscape.com)
  • After 1983, his research agenda was focused on Pyrococcus furiosus , or what he called 'hyperthermophilic bacteria. (nih.gov)
  • The isolate was a thermophilic (optimum temperature for growth, 65 degrees C), facultative anaerobe that grew on a wide range of carbon sources including glucose, lactose, starch and xylose. (edu.au)
  • This standardized formulation of live bacteria may be used in combination with conventional therapies to treat ulcerative colitis . (wikipedia.org)
  • Most yogurts contain live bacteria and remain unpasteurized. (catalogs.com)
  • Although it may seem odd that when you eat yogurt you are consuming live bacteria, the truth is that yogurt is both healthy and delicious and a good source of many essential vitamins such as calcium. (catalogs.com)
  • Bioleaching/biooxidation is essentially a dissolution process with the involvement of acidophilic bacteria acting as the 'catalyst' to accelerate the dissolution of metals from sulfide minerals. (researchgate.net)
  • The contribution of bacteria to the metal dissolution is closely controlled by the growth of bacteria, which is itself affected by the physico-chemical conditions within the bioleaching environment. (researchgate.net)
  • There are a number of operating parameters controlling bioleaching processes, which are required to be maintained within a certain range in the leaching environment whereby the activity of bacteria with the resultant oxidation of sulfide minerals can be optimized. (researchgate.net)
  • Bioleaching rate tends to improve with increasing the surface area at low pulp densities but, in practice, the pulp density is limited to ~20% w/v. Increasing concentrations of ions such as Cl -may also adversely affect the oxidative activity of bacteria. (researchgate.net)
  • Would it be simple forms of life such as bacteria, viruses or algae, or more advanced, multi-cellular creatures, perhaps even intelligent beings? (howstuffworks.com)
  • These helpful bacteria break down the compost, producing heat in the process and allowing the humanure to warm past the temperature where pathogens can survive. (howstuffworks.com)
  • Better control of fermentation conditions can reduce the stress conditions for yeast cells and contamination by bacteria and wild yeasts. (scielo.br)
  • Bacterial growth is proliferation of bacterium into two daughter cells, in a process called binary fission. (wikipedia.org)
  • Then, the milk is cooled quickly to a temperature of 112-degrees Fahrenheit (44-degrees Celsius) and mixed with a "yogurt starter," a concoction that contains the necessary bacteria. (catalogs.com)
  • However, even thermophilic bacteria will die if the temperature is over 55-degrees Celsius. (catalogs.com)
  • N. fowleri and thermophilic amebae were detected in recreational water and sediment samples throughout the facility. (cdc.gov)
  • Like the Staphylococcus aureus he studied in the 1960s, or interferon in the 1970s, the biochemical composition and structure of these unusual bacteria captivated Anfinsen. (nih.gov)
  • The cells do not reproduce in synchrony without explicit and continual prompting (as in experiments with stalked bacteria ) and their exponential phase growth is often not ever a constant rate, but instead a slowly decaying rate, a constant stochastic response to pressures both to reproduce and to go dormant in the face of declining nutrient concentrations and increasing waste concentrations. (wikipedia.org)
  • bacteria acting as the "catalyst" to accelerate the dissolution of metals from sulfide minerals. (researchgate.net)
  • These crazy animals,' as Anfinsen described the bacteria to a colleague in March 1983, 'seem to enjoy life at 350º [Celsius] and 300 atmospheres and should have some fascinating proteins and nucleic acids in them. (nih.gov)
  • Water bodies that serve as sources of drinking or recreational water are routinely monitored for fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) by state and local agencies. (cdc.gov)
  • Streamlining Regulon Identification in Bacteria Regulons are a group of genes that can be turned on or off by the same regulatory protein. (doe.gov)
  • Sequence analysis and homology comparisons showed that this plasmid derivative, pNZ2011, was composed of 6.7 kb thermophilic DNA and contained what appeared to be an operon-like structure involving genes associated with xylose metabolism. (edu.au)
  • Characteristics of Bacteria Adapted to Low Nutrient Conditions in Lake Ontario. (epa.gov)
  • In addition, Earth life is possible outside the bounds of extreme conditions found on Earth (for example, the bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans can tolerate levels of radiation not found naturally on present-day Earth, and Escherichia coli apparently can tolerate hydrostatic pressures greater than 10 times the pressures in the deepest ocean trenches 1 , 2 ). (nationalacademies.org)
  • Yogurt is made when particular bacteria are added to milk in a precise, controlled environment and allowed to ferment (the process of turning carbohydrates to alcohol or acids). (catalogs.com)
  • The increased acidity of the dairy is too high for most harmful bacteria, so the yogurt keeps itself clean. (catalogs.com)
  • The bacterium was also capable of chemoorganoheterotrophic and chemolithoherotrophic growth. (rutgers.edu)
  • The trash has slowly built up and blocked some of the thermal vents and reduced the heat of the pool, allowing other bacteria to begin working their way in at the edges, creating a red and yellow ring around the pure blue center. (atlasobscura.com)
  • He imagined that biochemists could use these thermophilic bacteria for practical applications, just as he imagined interferon could be a potential breakthrough for cancer patients. (nih.gov)
  • Naegleria fowleri is a thermophilic ameba found in freshwater that causes primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) when it enters the nose and migrates to the brain. (cdc.gov)
  • The bacteria breaks down lactose , the sugar in milk, that lactose-intolerant people find difficult to digest. (wikipedia.org)