Therefore depend differentiation of cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Continuous growth and differentiation of organoids depend on both Wnt and Notch paracrine signalling. (nature.com)
This limits and regulates cell growth and differentiation. (icr.org)
All-trans retinoic acid (RA) is the most active metabolite of vitamin A. Several studies have described a pivotal role for RA signalling in different biological processes such as cell growth and differentiation, embryonic development and organogenesis. (mdpi.com)
function of proliferative responses provoked in the induction cell products favor immediate type hypersensitivity reactions, phase of contact allergy, the murine local lymph node assay serving as growth and differentiation factors for mast cells and (LLNA), has been accepted as a stand-alone method for skin eosinophils, the cellular effectors of the clinical manifestations of sensitization testing (NIH, 1999). (cdc.gov)

Human bmMSCs were described in the late nineties as well [ 6 ] and at the same time a breakthrough study investigated the expression of typical cell surface markers and the proliferation and differentiation properties of human MSCs in more detail [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
Scaffolds play an important role in tissue engineering as a substrate that can mimic the native extracellular matrix and the properties of scaffolds have been shown to affect the cell behavior such as the cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation. (wjgnet.com)
It maintains normal hematopoietic function by interacting with hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to control their proliferation and differentiation ( Morrison and Scadden, 2014 ). (techscience.com)
FGF-6 is involved in both proliferation and differentiation of the myogenic lineages. (biolegend.com)

In these cells, LRRK2 regulates innate immune pathways and it is activated after membrane damage leading to the phosphorylation of the Rab GTPases Rab8A and Rab10. (biorxiv.org)
Our data reveal a significant overlap between Notch-dependent genes in the fallopian epithelium and the defined 'stem cell signature' of the mouse intestine, suggesting the existence of a conserved pathway that regulates tissue renewal and directly controls cell fate specification and differentiation in the organoid by inhibiting cilliogenesis. (nature.com)
Activation of mTOR-dependent pathways regulates the specification and differentiation of CD4 + T effector cell subsets. (jci.org)
partially regulates sexual differentiation and sex determination in P. falciparum . (news-medical.net)
FGF-6 regulates muscle differentiation through a calcineurin-dependent pathway and regulates myofiber size through IGF-II/TGF2R pathway. (biolegend.com)

Zhou JQ, Wan HY, Wang ZX, Jiang N. Stimulating factors for regulation of osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. (wjgnet.com)
This study was therefore aimed at establishing the dose-response effect of EPO stimulation on rat BMSCs and investigating the effects of mechanical stretch combined with EPO on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. (hindawi.com)
The proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs were examined and compared using EPO with different concentrations. (hindawi.com)
The osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs was detected by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, and the mRNA expression levels of ALP, OCN, COL, and Runx2 were detected by qPCR. (hindawi.com)
Mechanical stretch combined with 20 IU/ml EPO promoted proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. (hindawi.com)
EPO was able to promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, and these effects were enhanced when combined with mechanical stretch. (hindawi.com)
Notably, it promotes the osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) [ 15 - 17 ]. (hindawi.com)
This study was therefore aimed at addressing three key issues: First, is there a dose-dependent effect of EPO on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs? (hindawi.com)
The pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) may be related to the abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), which could influence the differentiation capacity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) towards adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. (techscience.com)
Transfection of MDS-MSCs with the miR-103-3p mimic improved osteogenic differentiation and decreased adipogenic differentiation in vitro, while inhibition of miR-103-3p showed the opposite results in NOR-MSCs. (techscience.com)
The miR-103-3p mimics may boost MDS-MSCs osteogenic differentiation while weakening lipid differentiation, thereby providing possible target for the treatment of MDS pathogenesis. (techscience.com)
In this study, we used dorsomorphin, a selective small molecule inhibitor of BMP signaling, to investigate whether BMP signaling is involved in the positive effects of PPARγ agonists on osteogenic phenotypes of cultured human periosteum-derived cells. (medsci.org)
In contrast, dorsomorphin markedly decreased ALP activity, alizarin red S staining and calcium content in both the cells treated with PPARγ agonist and the cells cultured in osteogenic induction media without PPARγ agonist during the culture period. (medsci.org)
In addition, the PPARγ agonist clearly increased osteogenic differentiation medium-induced BMP-2 upregulation in the periosteum-derived osteoblastic cells at 2 weeks of culture as determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunoblotting, and immunocytochemical analyses. (medsci.org)
Although further study will be needed to clarify the mechanisms of PPARγ-regulated osteogenesis, our results suggest that the positive effects of a PPARγ agonist on the osteogenic phenotypes of cultured human periosteum-derived cells seem to be dependent on BMP signaling. (medsci.org)

In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the different intracellular pathways involved in the programming of Treg cell homeostasis and functions in cancer. (mdpi.com)
It is usually considered that the differentiation process of MSCs depends on specialized external stimulating factors, including cell signaling pathways, cytokines, and other physical stimuli. (wjgnet.com)
Cellular proteostasis involves the coordinated and compensatory action of pathways that control biogenesis, folding, trafficking and breakdown of proteins allowing the cell to adapt to physiological or pathological environmental changes. (elifesciences.org)
In this review, we focus on the impact of ncRNA post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms, especially those of microRNAs and lncRNAs, in RA signalling pathways during differentiation and disease. (mdpi.com)
The differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells towards an osteoblastic fate depends on numerous signaling pathways, including activation of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling components. (medsci.org)

In vitro systems are used to differentiate these cells into diverse macrophage subsets to mimic the populations observed in vivo . (biorxiv.org)
We show that single epithelial stem cells in vitro can give rise to differentiated organoids containing ciliated and secretory cells. (nature.com)
The presence of 'stem cell-like' cells has previously been postulated based on sphere-forming capacity and differentiation in vitro 1 and evidence for the presence of label-retaining cells in the distal fallopian tube 2 . (nature.com)
Here we demonstrate the existence of adult stem cells in the human fallopian tube epithelium, which gives rise to a monolayer of differentiated epithelial cells in a complex 3D organoid in vitro . (nature.com)
Expansion of MSCs was shown to be limited to a few passages of in vitro culture and the cells underwent replicative senescence [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
Changes in the differentiation potential of MSCs after in vitro expansion were noted and chondrogenic clones especially disappeared early on [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Therefore, available in vitro protocols for expansion of MSCs do not yield true stem cells. (hindawi.com)
This protocol describes a detailed procedure for resuspending and culturing human stem cell derived neurons that were previously differentiated from neural progenitors in vitro for multiple weeks. (jove.com)
Indeed, Hbp1 accumulates in cells lacking GID/CTLH activity, and Hbp1 physically interacts and is ubiquitinated in vitro by reconstituted GID/CTLH complexes. (elifesciences.org)
Second, altering the MSC state by inducing differentiation into multiple lineages did not affect the exosomal properties or endocytosis but triggered the expression of lineage-specific genes and proteins in vitro and in vivo respectively. (frontiersin.org)
Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Leukaemic Stem Cell environmental stress responses (In vitro biomimicry of hypoxia, normoxia, hypothermia, hyperthermia, hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia): Effect on cellular growth, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis and cellular metabolism. (imperial.ac.uk)
Further evaluation of the biological effects of phytosphingosine was accomplished in vitro by applying the test formulations to reconstructed human epidermis, followed by RT-qPCR analysis of selected genes relating to keratinocyte differentiation. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
Recently, the first in vitro norovirus cell culture model was reported for a virus that infects mice ( 18 , 19 ). (cdc.gov)
In vitro differentiation of small intestinal epithelium that approaches physiologic functionality of the in vivo host may allow for the development of a pathogenesis model for norovirus. (cdc.gov)

Sozzi E, Nilsson F, Kajtez J, Parmar M, Fiorenzano A. Generation of Human Ventral Midbrain Organoids Derived from Pluripotent Stem Cells . (lu.se)
This strategy provides a useful tool for visualization and identification of neural progeny derived from human pluripotent stem cells. (lu.se)
Given this, human pluripotent stem cells, such as human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and induced pluripo- tent stem cells (hiPSCs), have become a unique cell source for study- ing early human brain development. (lu.se)
However, current protocols for deriving neurons from human pluripotent stem cells give rise to heterogeneous cell populations both in regard to the temporal aspects and the cellular composition. (lu.se)
These strat- egies provide a robust way to visualize and isolate specific cell pop- ulations of differentiated pluripotent stem cells. (lu.se)

At the core of the network reside Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog, into embryonic stem cells [1,2,3,4,5], have made major inroads which form a self-organized core of the TFs maintaining into stem cell biology. (lu.se)
A potentially pre-clinical aspect of this thesis is detailed in paper №4 where I describe a robust protocol for the generation of functional mesDA neurons from human embryonic stem cells that are functional in a rat model of PD. (lu.se)
We provide detailed protocols for lentiviral transduction, neural differentiation, and subsequent analysis of human embryonic stem cells. (lu.se)

However, transplanting other than hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells is still limited to a few applications, and it mainly applies to mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) isolated from bone marrow. (hindawi.com)
At the same time, by asymmetric cell division or after specific activation, stem cells must be able to generate more mature progenitor cells or differentiated effector cells (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
They display differentiation capacities and therefore qualify as multipotent progenitor cells (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein hormone that stimulates red blood cell (RBC) production in bone marrow via binding to the cell-surface receptor on hematopoietic progenitor cells, and it has been widely used for treating anemia [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
FGF-6 can stimulate migration of myogenic stem cells and also control the maintenance of muscle progenitor cells. (biolegend.com)
This project is an ongoing collaboration with the Proschel/ Noble laboratory where we define and characterize progenitor cells in the brain. (rochester.edu)
Through the work in the Chris Proschel laboratory it became increasingly clear that Astrocytes generated from embryonic glial restrict progenitor cells (GRP cells) can display both positive as well as negative functions depending the signaling molecules that were used to induce their differentiation. (rochester.edu)
Do all GRP cells give rise to more mature oligodendrocytes progenitor cells? (rochester.edu)

Microarray analysis reveals that inhibition of Notch signalling causes downregulation of stem cell-associated genes in parallel with decreased proliferation and increased numbers of ciliated cells and that organoids also respond to oestradiol and progesterone treatment in a physiological manner. (nature.com)
Furthermore, Notch is responsible for the regulation of known stem cell factor genes. (nature.com)
Overview of studies published regarding MSCs using the term "stem cell" or "stromal cell" in the last 20 years accessed by a web search in July 2015 (Google Scholar). (hindawi.com)
It seems that the term "stem cell" became more popular although the "stemness" was only shown in a more strict sense for MSCs involved in osteogenesis and bone repair. (hindawi.com)
When the biological properties of MSCs were explored in more detail, questions arose whether these cells met the criterion of a true stem cell [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
To qualify as a stem cell, these cells must be able to self-renew, most likely by symmetric cell division to produce two daughter cells with the same stem cell qualities. (hindawi.com)
Overview on self-renewal or differentiation of stem cells in their respective stem cell niche. (hindawi.com)
MSCs were also investigated for stem cell qualities in vivo. (hindawi.com)
5. What is the best ECM protein to study stem cell differentiation? (sigmaaldrich.com)
This protocol facilitates the use of human pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons for high content screening applications. (jove.com)
Human pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons are increasingly relevant in the areas of basic research, drug development, and degenerative medicine. (jove.com)
Both 2D monolayer and 3D neurospheres were successfully cultured and characterized for proliferative potential, intrinsic plasticity, presence of cancer stem cells and the expression of stem cell markers. (frontiersin.org)
Stem cell scaffold bioprocessing. (imperial.ac.uk)
Three dimensional stem cell culture systems. (imperial.ac.uk)
Mathematical modeling of Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Leukaemic Stem Cell culture systems. (imperial.ac.uk)
Mora MV, Ibán MAR, Heredia JD, Laakso RB, Cuéllar R, Arranz MG. Stem cell therapy in the management of shoulder rotator cuff disorders. (wjgnet.com)
The journal Cell Stem Cell has published their results. (neurosciencenews.com)
The current view proposes that stem cell differentiation is controlled by their local environment, the so-called niche. (neurosciencenews.com)
The team lead by Prof. Verdon Taylor was able to demonstrate for the first time a cell-intrinsic mechanism regulating stem cell fate . (neurosciencenews.com)
Our research results about the function of Drosha challenge the way we used to think about how stem cell fate is controlled», says cell biologist Taylor. (neurosciencenews.com)
Abstract for "Multipotency of Adult Hippocampal NSCs In Vivo Is Restricted by Drosha/NFIB" by Chiara Rolando, Andrea Erni, Alice Grison, Robert Beattie, Anna Engler, Paul J. Gokhale, Marta Milo, Thomas Wegleiter, Sebastian Jessberger, and Verdon Taylor in Cell Stem Cell . (neurosciencenews.com)
Background: Recent studies have associated the transcription factors, Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog as parts of a self-regulating network which is responsible for maintaining embryonic stem cell properties: self renewal and pluripotency. (lu.se)
The model also predicts that reprogramming the network from a differentiated state, in particular the endoderm state, into a stem cell state, is best achieved by over-expressing Nanog, rather than by suppression of differentiation genes such as Gata-6. (lu.se)
It provides a framework to explore strategies of reprogramming a cell from a differentiated state to a stem cell state through directed perturbations. (lu.se)
Such an approach is highly relevant to regenerative medicine since it allows for a rapid search over the host of possibilities for reprogramming to a stem cell state. (lu.se)
Citation: Chickarmane V, Peterson C (2008) A Computational Model for Understanding Stem Cell, Trophectoderm and Endoderm Lineage Determination. (lu.se)
A computational model of master regulators that are required for successful reprogramming the dynamics of this core network has revealed that it functions as of a differentiated cell into a cell exhibiting stem cell like a bistable switch, which in the on state, corresponds to all these properties. (lu.se)
Two theories predominate: the bicellular stem cell theory and the multicellular theory. (medscape.com)
Recent evidence suggests that the bicellular stem cell theory is the more probable etiology of salivary gland neoplasms. (medscape.com)
Cell Stem Cell. (lu.se)
Stem Cell Res Ther. (lu.se)

A supporting finding is that phosphatidylserine exposure guided TNT formation from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to a population of injured cells. (wikipedia.org)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), distributed in many tissues in the human body, are multipotent cells capable of differentiating in specific directions. (wjgnet.com)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with regenerative and immunomodulatory properties. (frontiersin.org)
Human mesenchymal stem cells (HMSCs) are multipotent somatic stem cells that can be isolated from a variety of tissues such as the bone marrow, adipose tissue, and dental pulp. (frontiersin.org)
The effects of erythropoietin (EPO) on the behaviors of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) subjected to mechanical stretch remain unclear. (hindawi.com)
Carcinoma of cervix is classified as per the WHO classification into primary tumors which are predominantly epithelial tumors, mesenchymal tumors and tumor like lesions, mixed epithelial stromal tumors, melanocytic, germ cell, and lymphoid tumors. (cytojournal.com)
After Ang II treatment, poorly differentiated endometrial cancer cell line acquired a mesenchymal phenotype, which was characterized by induced expression of EMT-related genes (VIM, CD44, SNAI1, ZEB1 and ZEB2). (spandidos-publications.com)
Mariano García Arranz has the following conflict of interest: MGA is inventor on 2 patents entitled "Identification and isolation of multipotent cells from non-osteochondral mesenchymal tissue" (10157355957US) and "Use of adipose tissue-derived stromal stem cells in treating fistula" (US11/167061). (wjgnet.com)
The bone marrow microenvironment (BMME) is a complex network system primarily comprising stromal cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), osteoprogenitor cells, vascular endothelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, and cytokines. (techscience.com)
BMP signaling also has a critical role in the processes by which mesenchymal stem cells undergo commitment to the adipocyte lineage. (medsci.org)

Cellular stress by rotenone or TNF-α was also shown to induce TNT formation between epithelial cells. (wikipedia.org)
Furthermore, mechanical stretch may induce the differentiation of BMSCs into mature osteoblasts and enhance the deposition of the bone matrix [ 18 - 20 ]. (hindawi.com)
Injection of FGF-6 recombinant protein into damaged mouse muscle can induce cyclin D1 mRNA and differentiation markers, including Cdkl1, MHC I and Tn1, which results in the acceleration of muscle regeneration. (biolegend.com)

Recently, MSCs isolated from bone marrow (bmMSCs) were shown to be a blend of distinct cells and MSCs isolated from different tissues show besides some common features also some significant differences. (hindawi.com)
We therefore briefly discuss differences found in subsets of human bmMSCs and in MSCs isolated from some other sources and touch upon how this could be utilized for cell-based therapies. (hindawi.com)
The MSCs have been described for the first time as colony forming fibroblasts (CFU-F), a rare population of cells residing in the bone marrow of guinea-pigs or mice [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Nowadays, experts agree that MSCs may generate upon appropriate stimulation quite different mature cells including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, tenocytes, adipocytes, smooth muscle cells, and stromal cells of the bone marrow [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Recent findings have revealed other underrated roles in the differentiation process of MSCs, such as material morphology and exosomes. (wjgnet.com)
Overall, the results presented in this study show a common mechanism of endocytosis for MSC EVs across different cell types and the feasibility to generate functionally enhanced EVs by modifications to parental MSCs. (frontiersin.org)
Thus, the expression of miR-103-3p decreases in MDS BM plasma and MDS-MSCs, significantly impacting MDS-MSCs differentiation. (techscience.com)

These structures may be involved in cell-to-cell communication, transfer of nucleic acids such as mRNA and miRNA between cells in culture or in a tissue, and the spread of pathogens or toxins such as HIV and prions. (wikipedia.org)

VSV infection triggered rapid differentiation of blood monocytes into immature dendritic cells as well as their apoptosis, which depended on caspase 3/7 activation. (karger.com)
Our study revealed that Ang II influences EC cells in terms of cancer-related processes, and is responsible for increased proliferation, reduction in apoptosis, increased mobility and modulation of adhesion potential. (spandidos-publications.com)
Reduced β cells mass is often seen in T2D individuals, caused by enhanced β cells apoptosis. (lu.se)
It is now understood that several components drive β cells dysfunction and apoptosis. (lu.se)

Upon activation, naïve CD4+ T-cells can differentiate into one out of few possible lineages, each invoking a specific immune response. (weizmann.ac.il)

While laminin and fibronectin are widely used ECM proteins, the one that your cell needs should be determined by test experiments. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Many existing tissue-engineering approaches focus on delivery of selected proteins (growth factors, transcription factors etc.) or nucleic acids to host or implanted stem cells to achieve lineage specific differentiation. (frontiersin.org)
Members of the Rho family of small G proteins transduce signals from plasma-membrane receptors and control cell adhesion, motility and shape by actin cytoskeleton formation. (embl-heidelberg.de)
We also observed that ASK1DeltaN induced expression of several neuron-specific proteins and phosphorylation of neurofilament proteins, confirming that PC12 cells differentiated into mature neuronal cells by ASK1. (nih.gov)
The CCBE1 gene provides instructions for making a protein that is found in the lattice of proteins and other molecules outside the cell (extracellular matrix). (medlineplus.gov)

Shane Grealish: Cell Replacement Therapy for Parkinson's Disease: The Importance of Neuronal Subtype, Cell Source and Connectivity for Functional Recovery. (lu.se)
The aim of this thesis was to understand how particular factors such as neuronal content, placement and cell source, affect functional outcome after transplantation into the rodent brain. (lu.se)
Through understanding functional recovery in terms of neuronal subtype and connectivity, the work presented in this thesis aims to bring the prospect of CRT closer to the clinic, I also describe the generation of a very promising alternative cell source that could rival fetal tissue. (lu.se)
Many existing protocols for neuronal differentiation of human pluripotent cells result in heterogeneous cell populations and unsynchronized differentiation, necessitating the development of methods for labeling specific cell populations. (lu.se)

However, as can be clearly seen from the studies in animals, bodies need myostatin to regulate cell growth. (icr.org)
Summary: A new study reports hippocampal neural stem cells regulate their own cell fate via the protein Drosha. (neurosciencenews.com)
A research group at the University of Basel now describes for the first time a mechanism by which hippocampal neural stem cells regulate their own cell fate via the protein Drosha. (neurosciencenews.com)
TFs being expressed and the downstream differentiation target been established as candidates to regulate both pluripotency and genes being shut off [11]. (lu.se)

Additional penetration studies of phytosphingosine formulated with cosmetic oils of different polarity were conducted using dermatomed pig skin in Franz cells. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
Penetration experiments clearly showed that the biological skin delivery of phytosphingosine depends on the polarity of the emollient, with polar oils providing the greatest penetration. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
Using this approach, the study further demonstrated that the biological effect of phytosphingosine on keratinocyte differentiation in reconstructed human epidermis is clearly dependent on its bioavailability, which is determined by the polarity of the cosmetic oil. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)
Research shows that the FAT4 protein may be involved in determining the position of various components within cells (cell polarity). (medlineplus.gov)

IL-33 is expressed in keratinocytes, and MyD88 signaling in dendritic cells (DCs) is crucial for AD development as inflammation was drastically reduced in DC-specific MyD88 -/- mice (CD11c-cre × MyD88-floxed). (nih.gov)
Some dendritic cells and THP-1 monocytes have been shown to connect via tunneling nanotubes and display evidence of calcium flux when exposed to bacterial or mechanical stimuli. (wikipedia.org)
TNT-mediated signaling has shown to produce spreading in target cells, similar to the lamellipodia produced when dendritic cells are exposed to bacterial products. (wikipedia.org)

The protein S100A4 and its receptor have been shown to guide the direction of TNT growth, as p53 activates caspase 3 to cleave S100A4 in the initiating cell, thereby generating a gradient in which the target cell has higher amounts of the protein. (wikipedia.org)
TNFAIP2, also called M-Sec, is known to mediate TNT formation, and knockdown of this protein by shRNA reduced TNT development in epithelial cells by about two-thirds. (wikipedia.org)
Myostatin, also known as 'growth differentiation factor 8' (GDF-8), is a protein in humans that circulates in the blood system and acts on muscle tissue by binding a receptor on the muscle-cell surface. (icr.org)
The choice of ECM protein would depend on the stage of differentiation you are interested in studying. (sigmaaldrich.com)
In addition, the expression of these fusions are no longer cell-cycle regulated, as well as GroEL synthesis in a strain which does not have the HrcA protein, the putative repressor that binds CIRCE, indicating that the CIRCE-HrcA system are involved in cell cycle regulation of groESL in C. crescentus. (usp.br)
NT -6 distinguishes itself from the other known neurotrophins in that it is not found as a soluble protein in the medium of producing cells. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Green: the stem cells and their progeny express protein. (neurosciencenews.com)
The CCBE1 protein is involved in the maturation (differentiation) and movement (migration) of immature cells called lymphangioblasts that will eventually form the lining (epithelium) of lymphatic vessels. (medlineplus.gov)
Genes and Chromosomes Genes are segments of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that contain the code for a specific protein that functions in one or more types of cells in the body or the code for functional ribonucleic. (msdmanuals.com)

Figure 1: Single fallopian epithelial cells give rise to organoids that can be maintained long term. (nature.com)
Connexin-43 has shown to promote connection between bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and alveolar epithelial cells, leading to the formation of nanotubes. (wikipedia.org)
Studies of viral attachment to cultured gastrointestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2) using recombinant virus-like particles or infectious noroviruses indicate that specific histo-blood group antigens play a key role in the attachment of the virus to the host cells ( 13 - 17 ). (cdc.gov)

Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) are multipotent stem cells and are considered good candidates for cell restoration in injured brain tissue. (sld.cu)

Deletions of multiple GID subunits compromise cell proliferation, and this defect is accompanied by deregulation of critical cell cycle markers such as the retinoblastoma (Rb) tumor suppressor, phospho-Histone H3 and Cyclin A. We identify the negative regulator of pro-proliferative genes Hbp1 as a bonafide GID/CTLH proteolytic substrate. (elifesciences.org)
We also showed that dose-dependent induction of proliferation was connected with changes in the expression of MKI67, CCND1 and CCNE1 genes in well- and poorly differentiated cancer cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Recently, a number of studies have shown that Ang II plays an important role in proliferation, invasiveness and migration of tumour cells, alteration of expression of cancer-related genes, as well as in physiological tissue remodelling. (spandidos-publications.com)
Moreover, we examined alterations in the expression of genes related to cancer cell behaviour after Ang II treatment. (spandidos-publications.com)
Researchers know that neural stem cells called neuroblasts divide multiple times to sequentially produce neurons of specialized function, but the mechanisms of this process, and how the timing varies for different genes and neuron types, is still not fully understood. (nih.gov)
Also, under/over-expression studies of the master regulator Oct4 have revealed that some self-renewal/pluripotency as well as differentiation genes are expressed in a biphasic manner with respect to the concentration of Oct4. (lu.se)
Gene Therapy Although gene therapy is defined as any treatment that changes gene function, it is often thought of as the insertion of normal genes into the cells of a person who lacks such normal genes because. (msdmanuals.com)

Due to their diverse functions and plasticity, macrophages are able to exhibit markedly different phenotypes, depending on the external signals they receive, e.g., microbial products, damaged cells, or cytokines. (biorxiv.org)
Once activated, M1-like macrophages release cytokines that inhibit the proliferation of nearby cells (including cancer cells) and initiate inflammation and an immune response. (biorxiv.org)
At the other extreme, M2-like macrophages are induced by the interleukins (IL)-4 and −13, cytokines secreted by activated Th2 cells [ 16 ]. (biorxiv.org)
This decision is influenced by the spectrum of cytokines that the cells sense. (weizmann.ac.il)
The differentiating cells also actively alter these signals by producing relevant cytokines, thus influencing the differentiation process through extracellular feedbacks. (weizmann.ac.il)
While differentiation is usually studied under polarizing conditions, applying only one signal at a time, cells in vivo are expected to sense a more complex environment, in which they may be simultaneously exposed to combinations of cytokines. (weizmann.ac.il)
We explore differentiation under mixed input conditions by exposing cells to varied combinations of cytokines, experimentally mapping the "decision space" of the differentiation process at the single cell level. (weizmann.ac.il)
These are glucose-and lipo-toxicity, ER stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines, dysfunctions in autophagy, and β cells dedifferentiation. (lu.se)

ALCL was recognized in 1985, when tumor cells consistently demonstrated labeling by the monoclonal antibody Ki-1, a marker later shown to recognize the CD30 antigen. (medscape.com)

In addition to the data from animal studies, the field of functional genomics has clearly shown that the myostatin gene is involved in a wide variety of cell processes with gene expression detected in the nervous system, immune system, muscle tissue, various internal organs, secretory cells, and reproductive tissues. (icr.org)

A spontaneous cell line-like cell culture with high percentage of stem cells has been established from a DIG tumor for the first time. (frontiersin.org)
The tumor is heterogeneous with meningeal tumor cells, mainly a mixture of fibroblast like cells, and neuroepithelial cells in a background of connective tissue. (frontiersin.org)
In the multicellular theory, each tumor type is associated with a specific differentiated cell of origin within the salivary gland unit. (medscape.com)

Extracellular feedback occurs when a cell expresses receptors to a cytokine that it secretes. (weizmann.ac.il)

ASK1 thus appears to mediate signals leading to both differentiation and survival of PC12 cells. (nih.gov)
Life expectancy depends on the severity of the condition and can vary from death in childhood to survival into adulthood. (medlineplus.gov)

Such activation is known to affect cell migration and outgrowth of axons and dendrites in vivo. (embl-heidelberg.de)
Adverse effects on brain morphology (abnormal proliferation, differentiation and/or migration of cells) can arise, often resulting in quantitative changes, e.g. changes in neuron numbers at their final destination. (cdc.gov)

Here we report on the establishment of long-term, stable 3D organoid cultures from human fallopian tubes, indicative of the presence of adult stem cells. (nature.com)
Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) are adult stem cells with characteristics that make them an attractive candidate in cellular therapy for neurological diseases (1). (sld.cu)

At lower concentration, FGF-6 can increase the expression of many muscle cell differentiation markers. (biolegend.com)
At higher concentrations, FGF-6 can downregulate the expression of myogenic markers and some myogenic transcription factors, and can delay C2 myogenic cell differentiation. (biolegend.com)
We found that IRIS-1 expressing cells displayed significantly higher expression levels of Urocortin 3 and Pdx 1 (markers of mature β cells, which loss marks the beginning of β cells dedifferentiation), suggesting that IRIS-1 may be required for maintaining β cells identity and function. (lu.se)

The functions of the hippocampus are based on different cell types, some of which are generated throughout life by neural stem cells. (neurosciencenews.com)
Neural stem cells are generally accepted to produce three different cell types: neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. (neurosciencenews.com)
These are neural stem cells in the adult mouse hippocampus. (neurosciencenews.com)
Retrieved August 18, 2016 from https://neurosciencenews.com/neural-stem-cells-genetics-4869/[/cbtab][cbtab title="Chicago"]University of Basel. (neurosciencenews.com)
https://neurosciencenews.com/neural-stem-cells-genetics-4869/ (accessed August 18, 2016). (neurosciencenews.com)
Adult neural stem cells (NSCs) are defined by their inherent capacity to self-renew and give rise to neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. (neurosciencenews.com)
Nervous systems diversify from a small pool of neural stem cells to the great diversity of neurons we see in adult brains of higher ordered animals," said Ray. (nih.gov)

Today, more than 50 years after the first successful bone marrow transplantation, clinical application of hematopoietic stem cells is a routine procedure, saving the lives of many every day. (hindawi.com)

Enrichment of cancer stem cells was observed in neurospheres by FACS using CD133 antibody and RT-PCR. (frontiersin.org)

In particular, an excess of Cdx2 over Oct4 determines the trophectoderm lineage whereas an excess of Gata-6 over Nanog determines differentiation into the endoderm lineage. (lu.se)

No benefit of addition of other biomarkers like p63 or ki67 is found in problem-solving in differentiation of HSIL from mimics or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. (cytojournal.com)

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have the potential to differentiate into many cell types. (neurosciencenews.com)
As neuroblasts divide and differentiate, they express transcription factors which ultimately direct the daughter cells on what kind of neuron to be. (nih.gov)
Cells grown on porous collage-coated beads under fluid shear conditions in rotating wall vessel bioreactors differentiate into 3-D architectures resembling both the morphologic and physiologic function of in vivo tissues. (cdc.gov)

However, the cell types that somatic stem cells produce are usually restricted to those of the organ in which they sit. (neurosciencenews.com)

Do not over-dry culture plates/coverslips post coating as this affects the attachment of cells. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Optimum conditions for attachment are dependent on cell type and application. (sigmaaldrich.com)
However, these models do not answer the fundamental questions of human norovirus attachment and entry into cells of the human gastrointestinal tract. (cdc.gov)

In conclusion, the researchers demonstrated that phytosphingosine promotes keratinocyte differentiation and is therefore a viable active ingredient for cosmetic applications whose biological activity can be enhanced by the use of an appropriate formulation. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)

Biological assays and gene expression analysis were performed on three cell lines: ISH, MFE-296 and MFE-280. (spandidos-publications.com)
Depending on their localization, they are found to play important roles in regulating gene expression and the malaria parasite's life cycle progression. (news-medical.net)
Our findings bring new insight into the role of lncRNAs in P. falciparum 's capacity to cause malaria, gene regulation, and sexual differentiation,' said Le Roch, who directs UCR's Center for Infectious Disease and Vector Research. (news-medical.net)
Cultured keratinocytes were incubated with phytosphingosine and gene expression profiling was performed using DNA micro arrays, which revealed that phytosphingosine significantly promoted cell differentiation. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)

The bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) population, which makes up a large part of the hematopoietic microenvironment, encompasses a variety of adherent cell types. (techscience.com)

Our aim was to establish a live cell culture to enable the understanding of the cellular processes driving the non-malignant growth of these tumors. (frontiersin.org)
Our biochemical and cellular analysis thus demonstrates that the GID/CTLH complex prevents cell cycle exit in G1, at least in part by degrading Hbp1. (elifesciences.org)
Together with previous reports indicating that ASK1 functions as a pro-apoptotic signaling intermediate, these results suggest that ASK1 has a broad range of biological activities depending on cell types and/or cellular context. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, phytosphingosine is a natural antimicrobial compound that is involved in several cellular processes including cell differentiation and anti-inflammation. (cosmeticsandtoiletries.com)

Drosha degrades the messenger RNA for NFIB in the adult hippocampal stem cells and prevents the expression of this transcription factor which is necessary for the differentiation of oligodendrocytes and thus blocks their development and therefore biases differentiation towards neurons. (neurosciencenews.com)

It is lined by simple columnar epithelium containing secretory and ciliated cells, which produce tubular fluid and facilitate transport of gametes, respectively. (nature.com)
Representative models of differentiated human intestinal epithelium can be established by growing cells in 3 dimensions (3-D) on collagen-I-coated porous microcarrier beads in rotating-wall vessel (RWV) bioreactors that model the physiologic fluid-shear environment in their respective organs ( 21 - 24 ). (cdc.gov)

The expression of the groESL operon is induced by heat shock and is cell cycle controlled at normal temperatures, with maximal transcription in the predivisional cell and very low levels in the stalked cell. (usp.br)
Because they are expressed in a particular way depending on when they split, these transcription factors, called temporal transcription factors, act as a marker that tells researchers what stage the neuroblast is at, and allows them to piece together the order of events in this neurogenesis cascade. (nih.gov)

Herein, we show that mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTORC2 have distinct roles in the generation of CD8 + T cell effector and memory populations. (jci.org)
Macrophages are highly versatile immune cells which, among other roles, eliminate pathogens and damaged cells through phagocytosis. (biorxiv.org)
These new findings suggest new roles for L1 in the mechanism of cortical dendrite differentiation, as well as in guidance of callosal axons and regulation of hippocampal development. (jneurosci.org)

In our previous study, we demonstrated that an agonist of the perioxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a master regulator of adipocyte differentiation, stimulates osteoblastic differentiation of cultured human periosteum-derived cells. (medsci.org)

The addition of heparin (but not chondroitin) effects the release of NT -6 from cell surface and extracellular matrix molecules. (uni-wuerzburg.de)

Researchers from the Department of Biomedicine at the University of Basel have now found that the fate of adult hippocampal stem cells is not only controlled by their local niche, but also by a cell-intrinsic mechanism. (neurosciencenews.com)

IL-2 is secreted by T-cells upon stimulation of their T-cell receptor (TCR). (weizmann.ac.il)

More recently, a Science article published in 2004 described structures that connected various types of immune cells together, as well as connections between cells in tissue culture. (wikipedia.org)
Cells cultured as 3D were embedded as tissue blocks. (frontiersin.org)
Stem cells have attracted much interest in tissue engineering as a cell source due to their ability to proliferate in an undifferentiated state for prolonged time and capability of differentiating to different cell types after induction. (wjgnet.com)
Of the various characteristics of dental implants, their surface topography is one of the most important one, as it determines the response of the adjacent tissue cells. (bvsalud.org)
Use of human fetal tissue raises several ethical issues, but are there alternative cell sources that can substitute effectively? (lu.se)
Whether a cell used for a clone produces a specific type of tissue, a specific organ, or an entire organism depends on the potential of the cell-that is, how highly the cell has developed into a particular type of tissue. (msdmanuals.com)
For example, certain cells called stem cells have the potential to produce a wide variety of tissue types or even possibly an entire organism. (msdmanuals.com)
SIV antigen has been demonstrated by immunohistochemical methods in lymph node sinus histiocytes, macrophages, and giant cells (14) as well as in macrophage-derived cells in brain tissue from diseased monkeys (8). (cdc.gov)

We can now target specific lncRNAs to stop P. falciparum 's life cycle progression, including sexual differentiation. (news-medical.net)

To qualify as stem cells, self-renewal has to be shown as well [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)

The Parkinson's Disease (PD) kinase LRRK2 is highly expressed in immune cells such as macrophages. (biorxiv.org)

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in various morphological forms needs to be separated from other epithelial tumors for treatment modality selection. (cytojournal.com)
Excretory stem cells give rise to squamous cell and mucoepidermoid carcinomas, while intercalated stem cells give rise to pleomorphic adenomas, oncocytomas, adenoid cystic carcinomas, adenocarcinomas, and acinic cell carcinomas. (medscape.com)
Squamous cell carcinomas arise from excretory duct cells, pleomorphic adenomas arise from the intercalated duct cells, oncocytomas arise from the striated duct cells, and acinic cell carcinomas arise from acinar cells. (medscape.com)
A growing body of research shows that human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common and increasing cause of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). (cdc.gov)
We focus on the role of HPV in the increased incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the head and neck cancer in which HPV is most commonly found ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
Head and neck cancer most commonly is of the squamous cell carcinoma type (HNSCC) and includes cancers of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, sinonasal tract, and nasopharynx. (cdc.gov)

Biological assays were performed on well-[Ishikawa (ISH)] moderately (MFE-296) and poorly (MFE-280) differentiated human adenocarcinoma cancer cell lines, representing the G1, G2 and G3 stage of EC. (spandidos-publications.com)

Interestingly, a recent study in Nature Nanotechnology has reported that cancer cells can hijack the mitochondria from immune cells via physical tunneling nanotubes. (wikipedia.org)
Among immune cells, Foxp3 + regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are potent inhibitors of cancer immunity, and their presence within solid tumors is generally associated with a poor prognosis. (mdpi.com)
In addition to immune defects that affect IgE synthesis, defects of cell-mediated immunity have also been reported, consistent with impaired TH 1 responses. (medscape.com)
Communication between immune cells is necessary to control immune responses in time and space, and probably takes an important part in immune recognition and information processing as well. (weizmann.ac.il)
The lymphatic system consists of a network of vessels that transport lymph fluid and immune cells throughout the body. (medlineplus.gov)

Our studies revealed novel functions of intracellular complement components in β cells, presenting a new link between complement and diabetes development. (lu.se)

When exposing the C3-knockout INS-1 cells to β cells autophagy inducers (palmitate and IAPP), we observed significantly increased cell death caused by autophagy insufficiency. (lu.se)
In paper II, we showed that silencing of CD59 expression in rat β cells significantly suppressed insulin secretion. (lu.se)

Anatomy65

Organisms8

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs88

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment29

Phenomena and Processes57

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Growth and differentiation4

Proliferation and differentiation4

Regulates5

Osteogenic15

Pathways5

Vitro14

Pluripotent Stem5

Embryonic stem3

Progenitor cells8

Stem cell31

Mesenchymal10

Induce3

MSCs7

MRNA1

Apoptosis4

Lineages1

Proteins5

Neuronal4

Regulate4

Polarity4

Dendritic Cells3

Protein9

Epithelial cells3

Multipotent1

Genes7

Cytokines8

Monoclonal antibody1

Secretory cells1

Tumor3

Receptors1

Survival2

Migration2

Adult stem2

Markers3

Neural7

Hematopoietic stem1

FACS1

Lineage1

Mimics1

Differentiate3

Somatic stem cells1

Attachment3

Promotes1

Gene4

Bone1

Cellular4

Oligodendrocytes1

Epithelium2

Transcription2

Roles3

Stimulates1

Extracellular matrix1

Fate1

Receptor1

Tissue8

LncRNAs1

Self-renewal1

Macrophages1

Squamous6

Biological1

Immune5

Intracellular1

Significantly2