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HistonesHistone DeacetylasesHistone Deacetylase InhibitorsHistone AcetyltransferasesAcetylationHistone Deacetylase 1ChromatinHistone CodeHistone Deacetylase 2Histone DemethylasesHistone ChaperonesNucleosomesMethylationHydroxamic AcidsHistone-Lysine N-MethyltransferaseEpigenesis, GeneticChromatin Assembly and DisassemblyJumonji Domain-Containing Histone DemethylasesAcetyltransferasesTranscription, GeneticChromatin ImmunoprecipitationProtein Methyltransferasesp300-CBP Transcription FactorsRepressor ProteinsGene SilencingChromosomal Proteins, Non-HistoneNuclear ProteinsProtein BindingSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsHeterochromatinTranscription FactorsMolecular Sequence DataProtein Processing, Post-TranslationalDNA MethylationAmino Acid SequenceDNA-Binding ProteinsButyratesHeLa CellsGene Expression RegulationDNASaccharomyces cerevisiaeSin3 Histone Deacetylase and Corepressor ComplexProtamine KinaseCell LineEuchromatinMicrococcal NucleaseNucleosome Assembly Protein 1Protein Structure, TertiaryEnzyme InhibitorsValproic AcidBase SequenceMethyltransferasesCell Cycle ProteinsCell Line, TumorCell CycleMutationPhosphorylationGene Expression Regulation, FungalOxidoreductases, N-DemethylatingTranscriptional ActivationPolycomb Repressive Complex 2Retinoblastoma-Binding Protein 4Binding SitesRNA, MessengerEpigenomicsCREB-Binding ProteinButyric AcidRNA Polymerase IIChickensSirtuinsDepsipeptidesCentromereSirtuin 2NucleoplasminsProtein-Arginine N-MethyltransferasesDNA ReplicationE1A-Associated p300 ProteinCells, CulturedBlotting, WesternPolycomb-Group ProteinsMitosisSea UrchinsProtaminesDNA DamageMolecular ChaperonesDrosophila ProteinsChromosomesRNA InterferenceChromatin Assembly Factor-1Substrate SpecificityTrans-ActivatorsElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelRibonucleoprotein, U7 Small NuclearModels, BiologicalCell DifferentiationUbiquitinationMultiprotein ComplexesAzacitidineGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalSequence Homology, Amino Acid
AcetylationDeacetylasesEnzymesOctamerRecombinantAllowing transcriptionHDACGenesInhibitorsMethylationMember of the histoneAntibodyInhibitionRegulatePeptideResiduesAcetyltransferaseAcetyl groupGroups from histoneLinkerNucleosomeProteinGlobularEpigeneticAnti-histoneSpecific histoneDeacetylase inhibitorModificationPathwaysChromosomePost-translationalVariantsDemethylaseGene transcriptionChromatin structureVitroPeptidesSynthesisReplication independentModificationsThymusDemethylasesProteins involvedMutationsVariantHdac6MonoubiquitinationAlterationsHIRAHDAC1
Acetylation15
Deacetylases4
  • Accumulating evidence in the past decade implicates histone-modifying enzymes, such as class I histone deacetylases (HDACs), in learning and memory and, recently, habit formation. (jneurosci.org)
  • Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a family of epigenetic enzymes that suppress gene transcription by removing acetyl groups from histone proteins ( Kouzarides, 2007 ). (jneurosci.org)
  • There has been an increase in the identification of disease-associated risk factors, such as histone deacetylases (HDACs) and vimentin, as well as the signaling pathways involved, including activation of the Wnt signaling pathway and inactivation of the cellular tumor antigen p53 signaling pathway ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Rapid changes in histone deacetylases and inflammatory gene expression in expert meditators. (bvsalud.org)
Enzymes7
  • Histone H4 is also modified by various enzymes and these modifications have been shown to be important in gene regulation. (neb.com)
  • Histone H4 is also modified by various enzymes and can act as a substrate for them. (neb.com)
  • Histone acetyltransferase 1 (Hat1) proteins are conserved enzymes that modify histones by acetylating lysine residues. (sdbonline.org)
  • Recombinant histones are suitable for use as positive controls in the analysis of histone post-translational modifications, as substrates for histone modification enzymes, or to generate chromatin in vitro . (activemotif.com)
  • These results suggest that the HDAC5 overexpression in DS contributes to inflexible decision-making, demonstrating a role of histone-modifying enzymes in complex cognitive function. (jneurosci.org)
  • Seeking alternatives to LPS priming we tried to elicit ET by priming MEC with either lipopeptide (Pam2CSK4) via the TLR2/6 axis or inhibitors of histone-modifying enzymes. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Panobinostat inhibits one or more of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes, a mechanism leading to apoptosis of malignant cells via multiple pathways. (addiandcassi.com)
Octamer7
  • Two copies of histone H2B come together with two copies each of histone H2A, histone H3, and histone H4 to form the octamer core of the nucleosome to give structure to DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • Two H2A/H2B heterodimers interact with an H3/H4 tetramer to form the histone octamer (1,2). (neb.com)
  • Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form an octamer, around which approximately 146 bp of DNA is wrapped in repeating units, called nucleosomes. (nih.gov)
  • Histone H2B gene transcription during Xenopus early development requires functional cooperation between proteins bound to the CCAAT and octamer motifs. (wikigenes.org)
  • The nucleosome is the smallest subunit of chromatin and consists of 146 base pairs of DNA wrapped around an octamer of core histone proteins (two each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4). (activemotif.com)
  • Histones are highly basic globular proteins, which form an octamer complex with other histones. (almacgroup.com)
  • The histone octamer acts as a spool for coiling genomic DNA and is involved in the growing field of epigenetics. (almacgroup.com)
Recombinant9
  • Recombinant Histone H3S10ph (EPL) has been generated using the patented Expressed Protein Ligation (EPL) technology. (activemotif.com)
  • The ligation reaction maintains the native histone bonds, and the resulting recombinant protein more closely mimics natural histones. (activemotif.com)
  • Recombinant Histone H3 phospho Ser10 (H3S10ph) proteins are generated using expressed protein ligation (EPL) technology. (activemotif.com)
  • The recombinant histone is >98% pure by SDS-PAGE and confirmed by high-resolution ESI-TOF mass spectrometry. (activemotif.com)
  • The molecular weight of the recombinant histone is 15,306 Daltons. (activemotif.com)
  • Recombinant Histone H3 phospho Ser10 tested by SDS-PAGE gel. (activemotif.com)
  • SDS-PAGE analysis of 2 µg Recombinant Histone H3 phospho Ser10 (lane 1) and 1 µg Recombinant Histone H3 phospho Ser10 (lane 2). (activemotif.com)
  • SDS-PAGE gel of Recombinant Histone H3 phospho Ser10. (activemotif.com)
  • Production of modified histones by recombinant methods is not directly possible. (almacgroup.com)
Allowing transcription1
  • Specifically, the ubiquitin on histone H2B opens up and unfolds regions of chromatin allowing transcription machinery access to the promoter and coding regions of DNA. (wikipedia.org)
HDAC3
  • Nitrilase mediated mild hydrolysis of a carbon-14 nitrile for the radiosynthesis of 4-(7-hydroxycarbamoyl-[1-14 C-heptanoyl]-oxy)-benzoic acid methyl ester, [14 C]-SHP-141: A novel class I/II histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. (harvard.edu)
  • The drug, known as a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, blocks the removal of acetyl groups, and researchers Wang et al. (bipolarnews.org)
  • We report the use of a series of small molecule histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors in tissue culture models of NPC human fibroblasts. (addiandcassi.com)
Genes12
  • Specifically, in some lower eukaryotes, a histone H2B variant binds to a histone H2A variant called H2AZ, localizes to active genes, and supports transcription in those regions. (wikipedia.org)
  • The regulation of transcription of histone genes differs between eukaryotes. (news-medical.net)
  • The replication independent histone genes are transcribed at a relatively constant low rate, regardless of cell cycle stage. (news-medical.net)
  • However, most of the vertebrate histone genes are replication dependent and are therefore more highly expressed during the cell cycle's S phase. (news-medical.net)
  • Given that the replication dependent histone genes all activate upon entry into the S phase, it is speculated that there exists some further upstream regulatory element. (news-medical.net)
  • This mechanism is hypothesized to transduce a shared signal that activates the transcription of histone genes when the G1/S phase boundary is reached. (news-medical.net)
  • Therefore, NPAT could be the link between cell cycle machinery and shared heightened transcription of histone genes during S phase. (news-medical.net)
  • Their published paper is titled "Driver mutations in histone H3.3 and chromatin remodeling genes in pediatric glioblastoma. (genengnews.com)
  • Methylation of this fourth amino acid residue from the N-terminus of histone H3 is one of the most studied histone modifications, and with good reason: it's tightly associated with the promoters of active genes. (epigenie.com)
  • Chemical groups can be added or removed from histones to make the histones more tightly or loosely packed, turning genes "off" or "on. (cdc.gov)
  • Non-coding RNA may also recruit proteins to modify histones to turn genes "on" or "off. (cdc.gov)
  • By adding a small molecule called an acetyl group to histones, histone acetyltransferases control the activity of certain genes. (medlineplus.gov)
Inhibitors5
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)
  • This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors" by people in Harvard Catalyst Profiles by year, and whether "Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors" was a major or minor topic of these publication. (harvard.edu)
  • Below are the most recent publications written about "Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors" by people in Profiles. (harvard.edu)
  • The impact of histone deacetylase inhibitors on immune cells and implications for cancer therapy. (harvard.edu)
  • Histone deacetylase inhibitors enhance oncolytic herpes simplex virus therapy for malignant meningioma. (harvard.edu)
Methylation7
Member of the histone1
  • This gene is intronless and encodes a replication-dependent histone that is a member of the histone H2B family. (nih.gov)
Antibody3
  • This Histone H4 acetyl Lys8 antibody was raised against a peptide containing acetyl Lys8 of human Histone H4. (fishersci.com)
  • The graph depicts the binding of the antibody to pre-coated crotonyl histone H3 (Lys9) peptide in the presence of increasing concentrations of various competitor peptides. (cellsignal.com)
  • As shown, the butyryl and crotonyl histone H3 (Lys9) peptides completely competed away the antibody and there was partial competition with the crotonyl histone H3 (Lys27) peptide. (cellsignal.com)
Inhibition1
  • This study shows that inhibition of mTORC1 by the lifespan-extending drug rapamycin increases expression of histones H3 and H4 post-transcriptionally, through eIF3 -mediated translation. (sdbonline.org)
Regulate4
  • Histone H2B helps regulate chromatin structure and function through post-translational modifications and specialized histone variants. (wikipedia.org)
  • Histone H2B monoubiquitination functions cooperatively with FACT to regulate elongation by RNA polymerase II. (nih.gov)
  • Histones H3/H4 regulate expression of an autophagy cargo adaptor Blue Cheese ( Bchs (WDFY3 in mammals), increased expression of which in enterocytes mediates increased H3/H4-dependent healthy longevity. (sdbonline.org)
  • Understanding how these patterns of histone modifications can regulate fundamental biological processes is a key challenge, which is increasingly being pursued by pharmaceutical companies. (almacgroup.com)
Peptide5
  • Synthetic peptide corresponding to Human Histone H3 (phospho S10). (abcam.com)
  • Butyryl/Crotonyl-Histone H3 (Lys9) (E9N8C) Rabbit mAb specificity was determined by peptide ELISA. (cellsignal.com)
  • In EPL, the histone globular domain is ligated to a peptide that contains the N-terminal histone tail with the desired site-specific modification. (activemotif.com)
  • The purified protein is subsequently ligated to a N-terminal histone tail peptide containing phosphorylated serine 10 via a native peptide bond. (activemotif.com)
  • A 30-residue N-terminally acetylated peptide derived from the N-terminal part of histone HI was identified as the dominant antimicrobial peptide in skin mucus from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). (nofima.no)
Residues1
Acetyltransferase4
  • This gene provides instructions for making a type of enzyme called a histone acetyltransferase. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Little is known about the function of the histone acetyltransferase produced from the KAT6B gene. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The mutations that cause genitopatellar syndrome occur near the end of the KAT6B gene and lead to the production of a shortened histone acetyltransferase enzyme. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Mutations in KAT6B, encoding a histone acetyltransferase, cause Genitopatellar syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
Acetyl group1
  • This reaction requires the presence of NAD, and represents the removal of an acetyl group from a histone. (yeastgenome.org)
Groups from histone1
  • Histone lysine demethylases (KDMs) have been recently discovered in mammals and have been nicknamed "erasers" for their ability to remove methyl groups from histone substrates. (open.ac.uk)
Linker5
  • The main mammalian histone subtypes ( H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 ) and the linker H1 are located in different gene clusters. (news-medical.net)
  • The linker histone, H1, interacts with linker DNA between nucleosomes and functions in the compaction of chromatin into higher order structures. (nih.gov)
  • They are small, basic proteins called H3, H4, H2A, and H2B for the core histones and H1 for the linker histone. (hstalks.com)
  • These findings suggest that ISWI plays a global role in chromatin compaction in vivo by promoting the association of the linker histone H1 with chromatin. (ca.gov)
  • Histone H1 is a linker protein, present at the interface between the nucleosome core and DNA entry/exit points. (activemotif.com)
Nucleosome8
  • Two of these heterodimers then bind together with a heterotetramer made of histone H3 and histone H4, giving the nucleosome its characteristic disk shape. (wikipedia.org)
  • Hyperacetylation of histone tails helps DNA-binding proteins access chromatin by weakening histone-DNA and nucleosome-nucleosome interactions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. (nih.gov)
  • First, you have the DNA in the form of a helix, which is wrapped around the core histones to form the nucleosome-the sort of tennis ball that was represented before- which then folds up further to give chromatin fibers, which further fold up and then organize in the nucleus to form different domains. (hstalks.com)
  • The loss of ISWI function does not cause obvious defects in nucleosome assembly, but results in a significant reduction in the level of histone H1 associated with chromatin in vivo. (ca.gov)
  • Histone H3 is one of the core components of the nucleosome. (activemotif.com)
  • Histones are small nuclear proteins that together with dsDNA, represent a nucleosome, the structural unit of chromatin. (loinc.org)
  • One study showed a correlation between SLE with positive anti-dsDNA, anti-nucleosome and anti-histone antibodies and renal disease, including proliferative glomerulonephritis. (loinc.org)
Protein5
  • Histone H2B is a lightweight structural protein made of 126 amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
  • Histone H2B is a structural protein that helps organize eukaryotic DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • The protein concentration (1 mg/ml, 89 µM) is calculated using the molar extinction coefficient for Histone H4 (5120) and its absorbance at 280 nm (3,4). (neb.com)
  • Protein concentration was determined using the molar extinction coefficient for Histone H3 and absorbance at 280nm. (activemotif.com)
  • Using our proprietary platform technologies for the chemical synthesis of proteins, we are able to provide full-length natural histones containing a wide variety of post-translational modifications at any specified site(s) within the protein. (almacgroup.com)
Globular1
  • Along with a central globular domain, histone H2B has two[verification needed] flexible histone tails that extend outwards - one at the N-terminal end and one at C-terminal end. (wikipedia.org)
Epigenetic1
  • Environmental events such as stress or exposure to chemicals can bring about epigenetic changes by adding or subtracting acetyl or methyl groups from strands of DNA or the histones around which it is wound. (bipolarnews.org)
Anti-histone3
  • The same study showed the highest anti-histone reactivity to be in patients with rheumatoid arthritis with vasculitis, while the highest reactivity in SLE sera was in those patients with a history of photosensitivity (3). (calbiotech.com)
  • Anti-histone antibodies are associated with various autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, infectious diseases (including HIV), and some neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and dementia. (loinc.org)
  • Nearly all patients with drug-induced SLE have anti-histone antibodies, but they are also present in patients with idiopathic forms of the disease. (loinc.org)
Specific histone1
  • specific histone deposition pathways for each variant? (hstalks.com)
Deacetylase inhibitor1
  • Valproate, in addition to its properties as a mood-stabilizing anticonvulsant that increases brain GABA levels and exerts a variety of other neurobiological effects, is also a histone deacetylase inhibitor. (bipolarnews.org)
Modification8
  • Ubiquitinase RNF20/RNF40 specifically modifies histone H2B at position K120 and this modification is need for recruitment to damaged DNA of the factors necessary for repair by the pathways of homologous recombination and non-homologous end joining. (wikipedia.org)
  • Submit your Twitter account related to Histone Modification to be featured! (novusbio.com)
  • Submit your blog on Histone Modification to be featured! (novusbio.com)
  • Disease and disorder research has been conducted in relation to the Histone Modification Pathway and Malignant Neoplasms, Neoplasms, Carcinogenesis, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic, Carcinoma. (novusbio.com)
  • The study of the Histone Modification Pathway has been mentioned in research publications which can be found using our bioinformatics tool below. (novusbio.com)
  • The Histone Modification Pathway complements our catalog of research reagents including antibodies and ELISA kits against HISTONE H3, HIST1H4F, HIST2H4A, CCDC6, HRH4. (novusbio.com)
  • Explore more on Histone Modification below! (novusbio.com)
  • We have 623 products for the study of the Histone Modification Pathway that can be applied to Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), Flow Cytometry, Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry, Western Blot from our catalog of antibodies and ELISA kits. (novusbio.com)
Pathways1
  • BACKGROUND: Anti-Silencing Factor 1 (ASF1) is a conserved H3-H4 histone chaperone involved in both Replication-Coupled and Replication-Independent (RI) nucleosomeassembly pathways. (ens-lyon.fr)
Chromosome3
  • This gene is found in the small histone gene cluster on chromosome 6p22-p21.3. (nih.gov)
  • Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 is inhibited by a histone H2A variant, MacroH2A, and contributes to silencing of the inactive X chromosome. (nature.com)
  • This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome 6. (fishersci.com)
Post-translational4
  • Histone H2B isoforms interact differently with other proteins, are found in specific regions of chromatin, have different types and numbers of post-translational modifications, and are more or less stable than regular histone H2B. (wikipedia.org)
  • Quantitative proteomic analysis of post-translational modifications of human histones. (nih.gov)
  • Post-translational modifications of histone proteins play a pivotal role in DNA packaging and regulation of genome functions. (sdbonline.org)
  • Histones are subject to a wide variety of post-translational modifications, which occur predominantly on the unstructured Nterminal tail. (almacgroup.com)
Variants5
  • While only a few isoforms of histone H2B have been studied in depth, researchers have found that histone H2B variants serve important roles. (wikipedia.org)
  • There are sixteen variants of histone H2B found in humans, thirteen of which are expressed in regular body cells and three of which are only expressed in the testes. (wikipedia.org)
  • These variants, also called isoforms, are proteins that are structurally very similar to the regular histone H2B but feature some specific variations in their amino acid sequence. (wikipedia.org)
  • All variants of histone H2B contain the same number of amino acids, and the variations in sequence are few in number. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this talk, I'd like to discuss with you the issue concerning histone dynamics, their heritability, and their existence in the form of variants. (hstalks.com)
Demethylase1
  • For detailed information about [histone H3]-dimethyl-L-lysine9 demethylase, go to the full flat file . (brenda-enzymes.org)
Gene transcription1
  • A cyclin E-CDK2 substrate called NPAT has been found to be associated with histone gene clusters, and cyclin E-CDK2 bolsters activation of histone gene transcription by NPAT. (news-medical.net)
Chromatin structure1
  • ISWI regulates higher-order chromatin structure and histone H1 assembly in vivo. (ca.gov)
Vitro2
Peptides2
  • The modified histones were then subjected to V8 protease or alpha-chymotrypsin digestion and the resulting peptides were separated by electrophoresis on acetic acid-urea-Triton gels. (oregonstate.edu)
  • In this case, the proteases could not discriminate between modified and unmodified histones and putative mono(ADP-ribosyl)ated peptides appeared in a digestion frame corresponding to that of bulk peptides. (oregonstate.edu)
Synthesis2
  • The S phase is characterized by DNA synthesis, and in the 1960s it was discovered that histone proteins are also synthesized during this phase. (news-medical.net)
  • This process is assumed to be under the control of the cell cycle, because of how closely linked to the S phase histone synthesis is. (news-medical.net)
Replication independent2
Modifications1
  • Set9, a novel histone H3 methyltransferase that facilitates transcription by precluding histone tail modifications required for heterochromatin formation. (epigenie.com)
Thymus1
Demethylases1
  • Histone lysine demethylases in breast cancer. (open.ac.uk)
Proteins involved1
  • Histone H2B is one of the 5 main histone proteins involved in the structure of chromatin in eukaryotic cells. (wikipedia.org)
Mutations3
  • Independent researchers have identified mutations in the histone H3.3-coding gene H3F3A in a large proportion of pediatric cases of gliobastoma multiforme (GBM) and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), an aggressive brainstem astrocytic tumor that occurs almost exclusively in children. (genengnews.com)
  • Both teams suggest their respective works are the first to identify somatic mutations in histone H3. (genengnews.com)
  • Genetically-encoded histone-miniSOG induces genome-wide heritable mutations in a blue light-dependent manner. (jove.com)
Variant4
  • Notably, histone macroH2A1.1 senses PARP1 activation, transiently compacts chromatin, reduces the recruitment of DNA damage factor Ku70-Ku80 and alters γ-H2AX patterns, whereas the splice variant macroH2A1.2, which is deficient in poly-ADP-ribose binding, does not mediate chromatin rearrangements upon PARP1 activation. (nature.com)
  • The histone variant mH2A1.1 interferes with transcription by down-regulating PARP-1 enzymatic activity. (nature.com)
  • Hat1 function and the presence of these acetyl marks are not required for the nuclear transport of histone H4 as histone variant His4r retained its nuclear localization both in Hat1 mutants and in His4r-K5R-K12R double point mutants. (sdbonline.org)
  • A fifth variant (FAM71A rs147978008) showed nonrisk allele preferential binding to H1 histones. (cdc.gov)
Hdac61
  • In this report, we show that histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) in tumor cells appears to alter the trafficking of post-entry OVs from the nucleus toward lysosomes. (jci.org)
Monoubiquitination1
Alterations1
  • The St. Jude-Washington University team reports its findings in Nature Genetics in a paper titled "Somatic histone H3 alterations in pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas and nonbrainstem glioblastomas. (genengnews.com)
HIRA2
  • ASF1 is required to load histones on the HIRA complex in preparation of paternal chromatin assembly at fertilization. (ens-lyon.fr)
  • CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that ASF1 is critically required to load H3.3-H4 dimers on the HIRA complex prior to histone deposition on paternal DNA. (ens-lyon.fr)
HDAC11