• Traditionally, MIRI can be due to reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) generation, a reduced availability of nitric oxide (NO), Ca 2+ overload, and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening. (hindawi.com)
  • It has been demonstrated that I/R-induced hepatic injury is initially triggered by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induce oxidative damage and apoptosis, an important mechanism for cell death following hepatic I/R injury ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Flow cytometry was used to measure the membrane potential and the production of reactive oxidative species. (nih.gov)
  • However, it decreased the production of the mitochondrial reactive oxidative species, which are generated during reperfusion. (nih.gov)
  • This protective effect may be mediated by inhibiting the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition and reducing the production of reactive oxidative species in mitochondria. (nih.gov)
  • reactive oxidative species. (nih.gov)
  • The purpose of the study was to examine the role of this reactive nitrogen species in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. (utmb.edu)
  • Conclusions: The deleterious effects of lung ischemia-reperfusion injury are in part mediated by the formation of peroxynitrite, as enhanced decomposition of this species is protective in this model. (utmb.edu)
  • After hypoxia and ischemia, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) rapidly accumulates and leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and delayed neuronal death. (frontiersin.org)
  • Pérez-Lebeña, E. Reactive Species on Innate Immunity. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Reactive Species on Innate Immunity" Encyclopedia , https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31219 (accessed December 02, 2023). (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The role of reactive species RS (of oxygen ROS, nitrogen RNS and halogen RHS) on innate immunity is examined. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • In the recognition and response process of phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species ROS and reactive nitrogen species RNS are produced [ 5 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Physiological levels of reactive species (ROS and RNS) are important in cellular signaling, but higher concentrations and prolonged exposure can fight infections by damaging important microbial biomolecules [ 6 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The chemical changes mediated by reactive species RS are detrimental to cell function because they cause oxidation and nitration, altering the structures of cellular proteins, DNA, and lipids, and impairing their normal function. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The key mechanisms underlying myocardial I/R injury include increased intracellular calcium concentration, sudden generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory cytokines, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion, and development of metabolic acidosis. (researchsquare.com)
  • We evaluated the effect of DEX-MVs on NRK-52E cells migration, hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced cell death, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) amount and renal IR model in rats. (ntnu.edu.tw)
  • A high intracellular calcium concentration and the production excess reactive oxygen species inhibit the mitochondrial electron transport chain causing cell damage [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Moreover, we and others have reported that reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from NADPH oxidase (NOX) can enhance angiogenesis in endothelial cells (ECs). (elsevierpure.com)
  • Ferroptosis-inducing factors can directly or indirectly affect glutathione peroxidase through different pathways, resulting in a decrease in antioxidant capacity and accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells, ultimately leading to oxidative cell death. (nature.com)
  • In 2012, Dixon 1 first proposed the concept of ferroptosis, an iron-dependent, non-apoptotic mode of cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS). (nature.com)
  • The affected tissue also releases excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that increase damage through oxidative stress. (prohealth.com)
  • Pathophysiology of CSA-MOD involves numerous injurious pathways linked to the use of CPB including oxidative stress and formation of reactive iron species. (silverchair.com)
  • Moreover, these cells exhibited enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential and generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) along with lower levels of mitophagy. (stanford.edu)
  • An underlying feature is increased production of reactive oxygen species. (ox.ac.uk)
  • ASK1 was activated during ischemia in adult rat hearts, but not on reperfusion, consistent with activation by moderate (not high) reactive oxygen species levels. (ox.ac.uk)
  • ASK1 was not activated by IL1β in cardiomyocytes and activation in perfused hearts was due to increased reactive oxygen species. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Our data identify a specific reactive oxygen species→ASK1→p38-MAPK pathway in the heart and establish that ASK1 inhibitors protect the heart from hypertension-induced cardiac remodeling. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We will measure the generation of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species because of evidence they are tightly linked to mechanical force and Piezo1. (ukri.org)
  • 2003) Inhibition of poly(ADP-RIBOSE) polymerase (PARP) by nitric oxide and reactive nitrogen oxide species. (uiowa.edu)
  • In addition, GRh2 reduced the expression levels of NOD‑like receptor family pyrin domain‑containing 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis‑associated speck‑like protein, caspase‑1, malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species and increased the expression levels of nuclear factor E2‑related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase‑1 (HO‑1), glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Furthermore, high glucose-induced Epac1 expression in retinal pericytes was accompanied by increased Drp1 phosphorylation, mitochondrial fission, reactive oxygen species production, and caspase 3 activation. (opticnervenetwork.com)
  • CONCLUSIONS: Our study reveals an important role of Epac1 signaling in mitochondrial dynamics, reactive oxygen species production, and apoptosis in retinal pericytes and identifies Epac1 as a therapeutic target for treating ischemic retinopathy. (opticnervenetwork.com)
  • Sokol discussed his study that tested the hypothesis that OSA with nocturnal hypoxemia was associated with the progression of NAFLD to NASH, presumably related to the generation of reactive oxygen species. (medscape.com)
  • Hypoxic vascular endothelial cells activate white blood cells, which bind to the endothelium and release directly damaging substances (eg, reactive oxygen species, proteolytic enzymes) and inflammatory mediators (eg, cytokines, leukotrienes, tumor necrosis factor). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). (mdpi.com)
  • Because multiple other factors can contribute to AKI development in the complex clinical setting of LuTx, we next investigated the role of exogenous CFH administration in a mouse model of mild bilateral renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI). (stanford.edu)
  • While effective early reperfusion of the criminal coronary artery after a confirmed AMI is the typical treatment at present, collateral myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) and pertinent cardioprotection are still challenging to address and have inadequately understood mechanisms. (hindawi.com)
  • This coupled comorbidity of pathological ischemia and therapeutic reinjury of infarcted myocardium, namely, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI), is particularly refractory to treatment [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Conceptual diagram of the development and unknown mechanisms of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. (hindawi.com)
  • The uncoupling of glycolysis and glucose oxidation induces lactate accumulation during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This is important in the setting of myocardial ischemia reperfusion (I/R) due to high energy demands and low energy reserves. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During myocardial ischemia (lack of blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart, commonly referred to as a "heart attack"), blood flow is interrupted because of damage to one or more of the coronary blood vessels that irrigate the heart. (prohealth.com)
  • Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is an important health concern in myocardial infarction and situations such as angioplasty and cardiac surgeries. (usask.ca)
  • In conclusion, this study showed strong protection by ascorbate, which could be used in clinically relevant situations, and is the first to report the protection by catechin at this dose under conditions of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. (usask.ca)
  • Meng X, Zhang L, Han B and Zhang Z: PHLDA3 inhibition protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by alleviating oxidative stress and inflammatory response via the Akt/Nrf2 axis. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Abouzaki NA, Christopher S, Trankle C, Van Tassell BW, Carbone S, Mauro AG, Buckley L, Toldo S and Abbate A: Inhibiting the inflammatory injury after myocardial ischemia reperfusion with plasma-derived Alpha-1 Antitrypsin: A post hoc analysis of the VCU-α1RT study. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The pathophysiological nature of MIRI is the short-term disturbance of myocardial energy and metabolism caused by reflow after ischemia and hypoxia in the coronary artery and the dynamic changes in apoptosis and the prosurvival signaling pathways in response to related injury factors. (hindawi.com)
  • In the present work, a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model in NRK-52E cells and ischemia-reperfusion model in rats were used. (mdpi.com)
  • Cardiomyocytes were isolated and subjected to 6 h hypoxia followed by 18 h reperfusion. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the early stage of ischemia and hypoxia, cells will increase the energy supply to the ischemic area, especially the functional area of the ischemic penumbra, by regulating glycolysis. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Autophagy is a process that relies on lysosomal pathways for the degradation of cytoplasmic proteins and organelles and plays an important role in the pathology of brain injury such as hypoxia ischemia[ 3 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
  • 2004) Hypoxia regulated therapeutic gene as a preemptive treatment strategy against ischemia/ reperfusion tissue injury. (uiowa.edu)
  • Hypoxia associated with OSA leads to hypoxia-reoxygenation with ischemia- reperfusion injury . (medscape.com)
  • Ferroptosis plays an important regulatory role in the occurrence and development of many diseases, such as tumors, neurological diseases, acute kidney injury, ischemia/reperfusion, etc. (nature.com)
  • Cell-Free Hemoglobin in Acute Kidney Injury after Lung Transplantation and Experimental Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion. (stanford.edu)
  • This study tested whether human induced-pluripotent stem-cell-derived mesenchymal-stem-cells (iPS-MSCs) would offer an additional benefit to the rodent with acute kidney injury (AKI) (ischemia for 1 h followed by reperfusion for 120 h) associated sepsis syndrome (SS) (by cecal-ligation-puncture immediately after AKI-induction) undergoing ciprofloxacin therapy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In summary, intrarenal arterial DEX-MV conferred further therapeutic potential to reduce renal IR injury through the miR-122-5p/erythropoietin/apoptosis axis. (ntnu.edu.tw)
  • We previously reported that the direct injection of exosomes derived from CPCs (CPCexo) into mouse hearts provides protection against apoptosis in a model of acute ischemia/reperfusion injury. (elsevierpure.com)
  • while to assess the biochemical analysis, the heart tissues were assessed for apoptosis (caspase-3 activity), oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and total malondialdehyde (MDA) levels), and redox status (reduced and oxidized glutathione tissue levels). (usask.ca)
  • When combined with an HS, an UCCAO is associated with ischemic neuronal injury in the ipsilateral hemisphere of adult rat brain, which can be attenuated by therapeutic hypothermia. (medsci.org)
  • Although therapeutic hypothermia has been widely applied, 40-50% of Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) neonates still have some neurodevelopmental problems ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Previous studies showed that Sirt1 can regulate diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction and brain ischemic reperfusion injuries by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction and alleviating hepatic steatosis ( 2 - 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The re-establishing of blood flow to an ischemic zone is called reperfusion [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Our study reveals that the engineering of CPCexo via microRNA (miR) programing can enhance angiogenesis, and this may be an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ischemic cardiovascular diseases. (elsevierpure.com)
  • However, mitigation strategies to preserve cardiac function after an ischemic event have often only focused on individual therapeutic agents, and the results have not been ideal. (prohealth.com)
  • In conclusion, the present study confirmed that GRh2 could reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in cardiomyocytes after reperfusion, and its mechanism of action may be related to its regulation of the Nrf2/HO‑1/NLRP3 signalling pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Sun W, Wang Z, Sun M, Huang W and Wang Y and Wang Y: Aloin antagonizes stimulated ischemia/reperfusion-induced damage and inflammatory response in cardiomyocytes by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 defense pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • LCN2 protein induced upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), cell migration, and morphological changes similar to characteristic phenotypic changes termed reactive astrocytosis. (jneurosci.org)
  • Laboratory outcomes, including complete blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin levels, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), were measured before and after the intervention. (journal-jams.org)
  • [ 5 ] At baseline, 74% of patients had fasting hyperinsulinemia, 75% had elevated C-reactive protein levels, 50% had dyslipidemia, and 49% had elevated blood pressure. (medscape.com)
  • In this review, we focus on the role of cardiomyocyte-derived and cardiac fibroblast-derived microRNAs that are involved in the regulation of genes associated with cardiomyocyte and fibroblast function and in atherosclerosis-related cardiac ischemia. (archivesofmedicalscience.com)
  • Intravenous adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) attenuate renal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury but with major drawbacks, including the lack of a specific homing effect after systemic infusion, cell trapping in the lung, and early cell death in the damaged microenvironment. (ntnu.edu.tw)
  • In recent years, molecular hydrogen treatment has the potential to preventive and therapeutic applications against many diseases due to its extensive effects, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic [16, 17]. (researchgate.net)
  • However, the therapeutic mechanism of molecular hydrogen remains unclear. (arvojournals.org)
  • Molecular hydrogen (H 2 ) has been successfully developed as a therapeutic molecule. (arvojournals.org)
  • This article aims to provide an in-depth exploration of molecular hydrogen, from its basic properties to its therapeutic potential and mechanisms of action. (water-for-health.co.uk)
  • and global ischemia, which encompasses wide areas of brain tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • Isolated rat hearts (n=48) were perfused in the retrograde mode with modified Krebs-Henseleit buffer, and following the induction of 30 min global ischemia, ascorbate (150 µM) and/or catechin (5 µM) were added directly into the perfusate during 90 min reperfusion. (usask.ca)
  • Acute oxidative stress induced by ischemia-reperfusion or inflammation causes serious damage to tissues, and persistent oxidative stress is accepted as one of the causes of many common diseases including cancer. (monitoryourhealth.sg)
  • An UCCAO caused a slight cerebral ischemia (cerebral blood flow [CBF] 70%) without hypotension (MABP 85 mmHg), systemic inflammation, multiple organs injuries, or neurological injury. (medsci.org)
  • An HS caused a moderate cerebral ischemia (52% of the original CBF levels), a moderate hypotension (MABP downed to 22 mmHg), systemic inflammation, and peripheral organs injuries. (medsci.org)
  • However, combined an UCCAO and an HS caused a severe cerebral ischemia (18% of the original CBF levels), a moderate hypotension (MABP downed to 17 mmHg), systemic inflammation, peripheral organs damage, and neurological injury, which can be attenuated by whole body cooling. (medsci.org)
  • Exogenous administration of CFH after reperfusion caused overt AKI with creatinine increase, tubular injury, and enhanced markers of renal inflammation compared with vehicle-treated animals. (stanford.edu)
  • In this study, we observed the effects of propofol on multiple aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction by studying the mitochondria isolated from rat brains subjected to focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. (nih.gov)
  • This study aimed to investigate whether resuscitation after a hemorrhagic shock (HS) and/or mild cerebral ischemia caused by a unilateral common carotid artery occlusion (UCCAO) can cause brain injury and concomitant neurological dysfunction, and explore the potential mechanisms. (medsci.org)
  • Adoptive transfer of Sig-1R intact bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) to Sig-1R knockout mice restored the clearance activity of dead/dying neurons, reduced infarct area and neuroinflammation, and improved long-term functional recovery after cerebral ischemia. (thno.org)
  • Gypenoside (GP), the predominant component of Gynostemma pentaphyllum, exhibits a therapeutic effect on chronic hepatic injury, fibrosis and fatty liver disease via its anti-inflammatory and anti‑oxidant activity. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • However, the effect of GP on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced hepatic injury has, to the best of our knowledge, not previously been investigated. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is a predominant cause of hepatic injury, which is of clinical significance following liver surgery, hemorrhagic shock and liver transplantation ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Therefore, developing effective preventive and therapeutic strategies for I/R-induced hepatic injury is required. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • In addition, certain pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines are key during the initial period of reperfusion, whereas the late period of hepatic injury is neutrophil-mediated ( 3 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Furthermore, GP exhibits a therapeutic effect on chronic hepatic injury, fibrosis, as well as fatty liver disease, which were induced by a high fat, high cholesterol diet and alcohol in mice ( 5 , 8 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The development of potent water-soluble decomposition catalysts represents a potentially useful therapeutic tool in the prevention of lung ischemia-reperfusion injury after lung transplantation. (utmb.edu)
  • Over the last decade, improvements in surgical techniques, lung preservation, immunosuppression, and management of ischaemia/reperfusion injury and infections have made intermediate-term survival after lung transplantation an achievable goal. (ersjournals.com)
  • Over the last decade, improvements in surgical techniques, lung preservation, immunosuppression, and management of ischaemia/reperfusion injury and infections have contributed to increase the 1‐yr patient survival after lung transplantation (LTx) to 70-80% 1 . (ersjournals.com)
  • When blood flow is re-established (reperfusion), a series of inflammatory responses take place because of the damage sustained by the tissues affected by the previous lack of blood. (prohealth.com)
  • Our results suggest that lcn2 acts in an autocrine manner to induce cell death sensitization and morphological changes in astrocytes under inflammatory conditions and that these phenotypic changes may be the basis of reactive astrocytosis in vivo . (jneurosci.org)
  • Taken together, the current findings indicate that BACH1 is critical for immunomodulation of macrophages and may serve as a target for therapeutic approaches in inflammatory disorders. (stanford.edu)
  • In many cases, damage to heart tissue by reperfusion injury is greater than the damage done by the interruption of blood flow. (prohealth.com)
  • The objectives of this study were to 1) determine the extent to which ascorbate or catechin alone at levels which could be in blood after dietary supplementation, can protect myocardial tissue in the reperfusion phase of I/R injury, and 2) evaluate the possible cooperative or synergistic protective effect of ascorbate and catechin when given together. (usask.ca)
  • The National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP) defines a pressure ulcer as an area of unrelieved pressure over a defined area, usually over a bony prominence, resulting in ischemia, cell death, and tissue necrosis. (medscape.com)
  • However, while myocardial reperfusion is well established, the process itself can trigger myocardial reperfusion injury by causing further cardiomyocyte death through multiple pathophysiological mechanisms [ 3 - 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Hypoxic ischemia (HI) involves multiple mechanisms, but the detailed pathogenesis is still unclear. (frontiersin.org)
  • Although the basic process of reactive astrocytosis is evolutionarily conserved and accompanies all forms of neural injuries, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the reactive astrocytosis processes are presently far from clear. (jneurosci.org)
  • Recent studies have shown that ferroptosis is closely related to the pathophysiological processes of many diseases, such as tumors, nervous system diseases, ischemia-reperfusion injury, kidney injury, and blood diseases. (nature.com)
  • Activating or blocking the ferroptosis pathway to alleviate the progression of the disease, which provides a promising therapeutic strategy for many diseases. (nature.com)
  • Nowadays, therapeutic regimes for diabetes and DCM include several clinical managements, involving lifestyle modifications (diet and exercise), glucose and lipid control (antidiabetic and lipid-lowering drugs), hypertension treatment, and coronary artery diseases intervention. (frontiersin.org)
  • METHODS: Mouse models of retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury and type 1 diabetes induced by streptozotocin were used to investigate the pathogenesis of these diseases. (opticnervenetwork.com)
  • This symposium provided an overview of the progress and future opportunities for innovative, therapeutic, and preventive interventions for some of the most frequent liver diseases in children. (medscape.com)
  • Propofol has been shown to attenuate brain injury in experimental ischemia models, but few studies have focused on the direct effect of propofol on mitochondrial dysfunction. (nih.gov)
  • In heart transplantation, donor hearts inevitably suffer from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, which leads to primary graft dysfunction and affects patients' survival rate. (researchsquare.com)
  • It is not an overstatement to say that hydrogen's impact on therapeutic and preventive medicine could be enormous in the future. (researchgate.net)
  • We show here that hydrogen (H2) has potential as an antioxidant in preventive and therapeutic applications. (monitoryourhealth.sg)
  • The resuscitation after an HS causes a reperfusion or reoxygenation insult [ 2 - 4 ], gut injury, and multiple organ dysfunctions [ 5 , 6 ]. (medsci.org)
  • These therapeutic effects can be further enhanced by hypoxic preconditioning. (researchsquare.com)
  • Ischemia leads to alterations in brain metabolism, reduction in metabolic rates, and energy crisis. (wikipedia.org)
  • One of the pioneering studies on hydrogen as a medical gas was conducted in 1975 by Dole and colleagues from Baylor University and Texas A&M. Published in the esteemed journal Science , their work highlighted the potential therapeutic applications of hyperbaric hydrogen in treating skin tumours. (water-for-health.co.uk)
  • The journey of H2, from a simple diatomic molecule to a potential therapeutic powerhouse, is a testament to the relentless pursuit of knowledge and the transformative power of scientific research. (water-for-health.co.uk)
  • Thus, targeting the ASK1→p38-MAPK nexus has potential therapeutic viability as a treatment for hypertensive heart disease. (ox.ac.uk)
  • However, the incidence and mortality rate of DCM still remains high, it is imperative to develop novel and effective therapeutic strategies for diabetes and DCM. (frontiersin.org)
  • In conclusion, CFH is a possible factor contributing to postoperative AKI after LuTx and promotes AKI in an experimental model of mild transient renal ischemia. (stanford.edu)
  • As the body of evidence grew, so did the recognition of molecular hydrogen's therapeutic potential. (water-for-health.co.uk)
  • In the present study, we investigated the role of lcn2 in both functional and structural changes of reactive astrocytes. (jneurosci.org)
  • The second major area of my group's research has involved studies into the use of structurally 'unusual' heterocycles as protected, reactive functional groups in organic synthesis. (exeter.ac.uk)
  • Specifically we will investigate embryonic and postnatal vascular development, VEGF-induced angiogenesis in the adult mouse, and reperfusion after ischaemia. (ukri.org)
  • A resuscitation from an HS regards as a reperfusion insult which may induce neurological injury in patients with an UCCAO disease. (medsci.org)
  • The authors carried out tests on an animal model to investigate the individual and combined effects of melatonin and NMN on myocardial function, mitochondrial activity, and oxidative stress status following ischemia/reperfusion injury in aged rat hearts. (prohealth.com)
  • This review summarizes currently available data regarding the protective role of hydrogen, provides an outline of recent advances in research on the use of hydrogen as a therapeutic medical gas in diverse models of disease and discusses the feasibility of hydrogen as a therapeutic strategy. (researchgate.net)
  • In 1974, Hossmann and Zimmermann demonstrated that ischemia induced in mammalian brains for up to an hour can be at least partially recovered. (wikipedia.org)