• Thus, the fluctuating exchange value of commodities (exchangeable products) is regulated by their value, where the magnitude of their value is determined by the average quantity of human labour which is currently socially necessary to produce them (see labor theory of value and value-form). (wikipedia.org)
  • Instead, he meant the ratio of value (or 'worth') that exist between products of human labour. (wikipedia.org)
  • Products can be traded above or below their value in market trade and some prices have nothing to do with product-values at all (in Marx's sense) because they refer to tradeable objects which are not regularly produced and reproduced by human labour, or because they refer only to claims on financial assets. (wikipedia.org)
  • For Marx himself, the "labour theory of value" referred only to the theory of value upheld by some of the classical political economists from William Petty to David Ricardo, who regarded human labour as the real substance of product value. (wikipedia.org)
  • Speaking endlessly of the "law of value" and the centrality of labour productivity, Moore nevertheless replaces the role Marx assigned human labour as the source of all value in the dynamics of capitalism with a notion that the energy and fertility of non-human nature is what drives economic growth and decline. (isj.org.uk)
  • Moore never makes an argument against exploited human labour as the source of all value in capitalism, and yet use values continue to creep into his account of both how capitalists accumulate and how their system booms and busts. (isj.org.uk)
  • 6 Bourgeois ideology and economics may wish coal could be turned into capital, but Marx showed that the only part of capitalist production that can increase the size of capital is exploited human labour. (isj.org.uk)
  • Capitalism is concerned with profit though the exploitation of a specific commodity (labour power) from human workers and its own expansion. (springernature.com)
  • It is widely believed that Marx adapted the labour theory of value from Ricardo as a founding concept for his studies of capital accumulation. (davidharvey.org)
  • But the circulation of capital presupposes the prior existence of wage labour as a commodity that can be bought and sold in the market (chapter 6). (davidharvey.org)
  • How labour became such a commodity before the rise of capitalism is the subject of Part 8 of Capital, which deals with primitive or original accumulation. (davidharvey.org)
  • The concept of capital as a process - as value in motion - based on the purchase of labour power and means of production is inextricably interwoven with the emergence of the value form. (davidharvey.org)
  • While the steps in the argument are complicated, Marx appears to have done little more than synthesize and formalize Ricardo's labour theory of value by embedding it in the totality of circulation and accumulation as depicted in Figure 1. (davidharvey.org)
  • The article considers the peculiarities of migration processes in the 90-s ' years of the last century and labour migration from the neighboring states of Kazakhstan and East-Siberian border areas after the year of 2000. (sibran.ru)
  • The separation of town and country can also be understood as the separation of capital and landed property, as the beginning of the existence and development of capital independent of landed property - the beginning of property having its basis only in labour and exchange. (marxists.org)
  • In the towns which, in the Middle Ages, did not derive ready-made from an earlier period but were formed anew by the serfs who had become free, each man's own particular labour was his only property apart from the small capital he brought with him, consisting almost solely of the most necessary tools of his craft. (marxists.org)
  • But we want to go further and assert that the development and maintenance of capitalism as a system that exploits humans is in some ways dependent upon the abuse of animals. (libcom.org)
  • Furthermore the movement that abolishes capitalism by changing the relations between humans - communism - also involves a fundamental transformation of the relations between humans and animals. (libcom.org)
  • The problem she saw in Volume Two of Capital revolved around a central question for all socialists - can capitalism go on forever? (marxists.org)
  • Like Marx, Luxemburg understood that capitalism was not the end of human development, but a historical system that would give way to change sooner or later. (marxists.org)
  • Liberal privacy philosophy tends to ignore the political economy of privacy in capitalism that can mask socio-economic inequality and protect capital and the rich from public accountability. (mdpi.com)
  • In the process he butchers the tools Marx developed for understanding the dynamics of capitalism. (isj.org.uk)
  • At the same time capitalism is incredibly fragile in every moment and we describe a 'multi-dimensional' class war occurring at the level of the virus (in terms of property rights over biological entities and their extermination), the interests of the working class and the expansion of capital against human life and existence. (springernature.com)
  • Despite their undeniable differences, Marx and Weber have much in common in their appraisals of modern capitalism: they share a vision of the capitalist economic system as a universe where "individuals are directed by abstractions," (Marx), where impersonal relations and objects [Versachlicht] replace personal relations of dependence, and where the accumulation of capital becomes an end in itself and, by and large, irrational. (internationalviewpoint.org)
  • Its name is CAPITALISM--a system predicated on human exploitation, on the buying & selling of labor power & its objects, on the production of goods & services for individual profit, on the maintenance of a world divided into the alien category of classes. (libcom.org)
  • Although over-accumulation of capital and falling rates of profit lead over and over again to huge economic crises, this does not automatically lead to collapse of capitalism - contrary to the expectations of parts of the Left. (sozialismus.net)
  • Without the conscious intervention of a revolutionary working class movement towards the overthrow of capitalism, the destruction of capital through wars and enormous collapses of companies will be the result. (sozialismus.net)
  • In capitalism, the work done in households, although crucial to the reproduction of human beings, is separated off from the production and circulation of commodities. (solidarity-us.org)
  • The second part allows you to engage with current economic issues with an awareness of methodology and methodological differences and with some knowledge of the history of economics. (exploring-economics.org)
  • She wrote, 'If we should ask why Marx's Capital affords no solution to this important problem of the accumulation of capital, we must bear in mind above all that this second volume is not a finished whole but a manuscript that stops half way through. (marxists.org)
  • 1 Part Two seeks to explain this in terms of Marx's theory of value, first by visiting the debate in the 1960s and '70s between dependency theory and its "orthodox" Marxist critics, then by reflecting on V.I. Lenin's theory of imperialism, and concluding with a critical re-reading of Marx's Capital . (monthlyreview.org)
  • Few moments from Karl Marx's oeuvre have been as pored over as the passage from volume one of Capital on the commodity fetish. (uchicago.edu)
  • A simple but crude analogy for Marx's argument might be this: the human body depends for its vitality upon the circulation of the blood, which has no being outside of the human body. (davidharvey.org)
  • By going back to Marx's texts, I want to highlight some aspects of this socialist-feminist theoretical framework. (solidarity-us.org)
  • Malthus had collected empirical data and proposed that human population growth increases at an exponential rate. (ipl.org)
  • However the limitations of exogenous growth model were the reason of new theoretical and empirical efforts from which emerged the endogenous growth model during the 1980s. (economicsessays.com)
  • In this respect, the project sheds light on the following important issues: First, it shows the role human capital accumulation plays in the growth process and concludes that regardless the business cycle and differences in theoretical perceptions, human capital has indispensable role in accelerating economic growth. (sav.sk)
  • This simple model revealed some valuable perceptions about the growth process, such as that the technological progress is one of the main factors that affect growth. (economicsessays.com)
  • If it even sees its own commonality, or its alienation or difference from "fossil capital," these perceptions would likely be lower on a list of identity traits than, say, ethnic, national, cultural, or religious affiliations, any one of which is likely to be more deeply held than an identification as "working class. (uvm.edu)
  • This class-based perspective inspires-as Marx clearly recognizes in the preface to Capital-his critique of bourgeois political economy. (internationalviewpoint.org)
  • Since the time of Marx & Bakunin, that is, since the period of consolidation of the power of the bourgeoisie, the working-class has constantly fought the system of wage-labor & capital-gain. (libcom.org)
  • Of course social phenomena are relevant to such processes, but that does not necessarily render the analysis sociological, in its disciplinary meaning. (lse.ac.uk)
  • In this week's blog we are joined by Dr Rhiannon Firth and Professor John Preston to discuss their upcoming book Coronavirus, Class and Mutual Aid in the UK, which provides an application of theoretical sociological frameworks on the classed nature of the UK response and suggests alternatives as to how this may be better and more fairly organised. (springernature.com)
  • From Adam Smith, Robert Malthus and David Ricardo to Robert Solow and Paul Romer, many economists made efforts to shed light on the fundamental factors of growth and thus on the differences of the growth rates between countries. (economicsessays.com)
  • This thesis consists of three self-contained papers in theoretical and computational macroeconomics and growth theory with income inequality and human capital accumulation as common themes. (lu.se)
  • Within the context of the Middle East as a setting for both high-tech, post-oil futures and the colonial, imperial violence of petro-politics, both allegories converge to highlight the dialectical nature of computational capital as a matter of mediation between different realms and scales, and thus as a totalizing force. (ici-berlin.org)
  • Instead of reducing computational processes to the instrumentalization of the life-world, her project explores how the logico-cognitive models of computation and their performative executions can challenge the exceptionalism of human thinking stemming from colonial and patriarchal epistemologies. (ici-berlin.org)
  • The paper develops a model for endogenous income inequality that fits US evidence while comparing popular income processes. (lu.se)
  • Wage inequality arises from differences across individuals in their ability to learn new skills as well as from idiosyncratic shocks. (federalreserve.gov)
  • We then study the calibrated model and find that these policies can account for half of the difference between the US and the CEU in overall wage inequality and 84% of the difference in inequality at the upper end (log 90-50 differential). (federalreserve.gov)
  • In a two-country comparison between the US and Germany, the combination of skill-biased technical change and changing progressivity of tax schedules explains all the difference between the evolution of inequality in these two countries since the early 1980s. (federalreserve.gov)
  • However, on their own, these correlations fall short of providing a quantitative assessment of the importance of the tax structure--e.g., what fraction of cross-country differences in wage inequality can be attributed to tax policies? (federalreserve.gov)
  • We must begin with a clear recognition of the socio-economic process which runs the planet. (libcom.org)
  • A substantial body of research demonstrates that women are underrepresented at higher levels of business and academe because of the influence of gender schemas and the accumulation of disadvantage that such schemas generate. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Not only in China, the rapid economic development in Japan and Germany's after the world war two also demonstrates that the accumulation of human capital is inevitable for economics. (scirp.org)
  • The town already is in actual fact the concentration of the population, of the instruments of production, of capital, of pleasures, of needs, while the country demonstrates just the opposite fact, isolation and separation. (marxists.org)
  • The second paper develops a theoretical framework that explains the increasing and convex pattern of skill premia through diminishing aversion towards the ambiguous possibility of skill obsolescence. (lu.se)
  • The third paper develops a task-based framework which incorporates decisions on human capital investment based on the concepts of the psychometric literature on skill formation. (lu.se)
  • Kaba shows how the anti-Black legal construction of the right of self-defence circumscribed this right exclusively within the symbolic framework of the human being. (theanarchistlibrary.org)
  • Later innovation and education were introduced to expand the abilities of endogenous growth models but still none of these could explain the large income differences between countries. (economicsessays.com)
  • A richly theoretical conclusion, finally, shifts from art and literature to theory in order to argue that Giorgio Agamben's notion of the camp-wherein the state of exception becomes the rule-might be used to theorize what the book calls "market fortification. (uchicago.edu)
  • To understand the process of employment changes that result from shifts in the age structure of the workforce, it is important to move to the firm level. (isiarticles.com)
  • This post explains the difference and the complementarity. (uvm.edu)
  • Then, it sheds light on the agricultural innovation approaches in Burkina Faso and in Africa in general, and their theoretical foundations. (openscience.fr)
  • The module begins with theoretical discussions in order to lay the ground for talk about development as a process of incorporating (in this case) Africa into the global world system. (up.ac.za)
  • The model predicts that labor immiseration -- i.e. full automation of the economy -- is inevitable unless learning efficiency is improved through capital taxation. (lu.se)
  • As a "live" capital form, human capital, with its creativity and innovation, has greater value and development potential in the aspects of optimizing allocation of resources or speeding up the economic development and promoting the social progress. (hindawi.com)
  • Widely used and disseminated as a key concept within international organizations, as well as a current economic policy instrument, the National Innovation System (NIS) makes it possible to identify the actors involved in the innovation process in a national context, while highlighting the learning relationships between these actors. (openscience.fr)
  • Secondly, we analyze the innovation behavior by distinguishing product versus process innovator and single versus complex innovator. (openscience.fr)
  • Many attempts at technological innovation have been made in the production and processing of agricultural products to meet the food needs of populations. (openscience.fr)
  • QIT{\QBI{}{}}Aghion P., M. Dewatripont, and J. C. Stein (2005) Academic Freedom, Private-sector Focus, and the Process of Innovation, W. P. no. 11542, NBER. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Since American economist Schultz put forward Human Capital Theory in 1960s, the Human Capital Theory and its impact on social and economic development are one of the hot research issues for specialists and scholars at home and aboard. (hindawi.com)
  • But despite the long boom period after 1945, based on destruction of capital in the war and the international leading position of US-imperialism, and despite the recovery of productive forces, the capitalist motor started to stutter since the late 1960s. (sozialismus.net)
  • Most generally, it refers to a regulative principle of the economic exchange of the products of human work, namely that the relative exchange-values of those products in trade, usually expressed by money-prices, are proportional to the average amounts of human labor-time which are currently socially necessary to produce them within the capitalist mode of production. (wikipedia.org)
  • It also permits discussing the welfare effects and trade-offs of tax reforms as individuals adjust their labor supply and human capital accumulation. (lu.se)
  • It has managed to break down the economy growth into 3 different categories in terms of Capital, labor and technology. (ipl.org)
  • Here, Q represents GDP while L stands for Labor, K stands for Capital and H stands for Human capital. (ipl.org)
  • Global wage differentials, in large measure resulting from suppression of the free movement of labor, provide a distorted reflection of global differences in the rate of exploitation (simply, the difference between the value generated by workers and what they are paid). (monthlyreview.org)
  • It is generally accepted that human capital is a reflection of the quality of labor capital, and human capital consists of economic value of knowledge, technology, ability, and healthy quality which condenses on laborers [ 1 , 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Schultz claimed that the contribution to economic growth from the improvement of human capital such as human's knowledge or ability and health is more important than the increase of material force and the number of labor [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Second, the project underlines the payoffs accompanying investment into information and communication technology (via improvements in labor and capital productivity and network effects) in terms of economic growth. (sav.sk)
  • They speak to the changing dynamics of capitalist accumulation, labor force, and subject formation while unsettling the visibility/invisibility dichotomy. (ici-berlin.org)
  • Hamermesh, 1989 and Hamermesh and Pfann, 1996) that underlie observed employment changes.1 Adjustment costs also reflect differences in regulatory frameworks in the labor market. (isiarticles.com)
  • From the point of view of the production of use values, waged and unwaged labor form a unified process which has, as its end result, the reproduction of human beings. (solidarity-us.org)
  • The separation of what is, from the point of view of production of use values, an integrated process into two different types of labor (commodified and uncommodified) is a result of capitalist class relations of production, not a universal fact of human social life. (solidarity-us.org)
  • For the majority of human beings the consequence is a life dominated by work, half-lived in schools, factories, offices and prisons. (libcom.org)
  • As a result, factories freely cross the U.S.-Mexican border and pass with ease through the walls of Fortress Europe, as do the commodities produced in them and the capitalists who own them, but the human beings who work in them have no right of passage. (monthlyreview.org)
  • Now it numbers 60,000,000 of human beings, planted upon all the everywhere by an intense ratio of progression. (google.be)
  • and it is probable that within 50 years, 25 millions of human beings, of Asiatic race, will speak the language on that continent. (google.be)
  • Studies have shown that the effects of human capital that received higher education, on individual performance, total productivity, technological progress, economic growth, and international trade, are significantly greater than the human capital which received secondary education and basic education [ 14 - 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Nonetheless, like similar other studies, this project also concludes that technological advancement makes sense if it is accompanied by human capital accumulation. (sav.sk)
  • In these models was introduced the term research and development and the human capital and the accumulation of it is what drives the technological changes. (economicsessays.com)
  • More and more sophisticated technological methods led to production of more and more goods and more capital was accumulated. (sozialismus.net)
  • Prior studies have documented significant differences in total factor productivity (TFP) across economies (e.g. (springer.com)
  • What is frequently overlooked is the empirically well-established heterogeneity in the quality and quantity of entrepreneurship across countries as well as the arguably large differences in terms of resource exploitation across economies. (springer.com)
  • At the same time, large enterprises can also be innovative, and capital accumulation is often critical to achieving economies of scale and scope, even in today's "knowledge economy. (mises.org)
  • The period in which I wrote the Accumulation belongs to the happiest of my life. (marxists.org)
  • Also, the right to protect one's health belongs to the basic human rights and the necessary prerequisites to achieve the best possible state of health must be guaranteed to everyone - every Estonian must have a possibility to live in an environment supporting health and an opportunity to make healthy choices. (who.int)
  • Indeed, this project is ultimately an aesthetic inquiry with theoretical and political implications since both the black box and oil have shifted the regime of visuality since the mid-20th century. (ici-berlin.org)
  • The world system is one that has been produced, reproduced and will ultimately be transformed by human actors. (nadir.org)
  • She is best known as an active fighter in the struggle for socialism, but she also deserves recognition for her theoretical contribution to Marxism. (marxists.org)
  • Avec une petite contribution, tu peux aider Exploring Economics à rester en ligne. (exploring-economics.org)
  • It is obvious that the experiences of humans and animals are linked, having a common origin in the same system of production and exchange. (libcom.org)
  • Capital stock: Capital available for production in terms of monetary value at one point of time. (ipl.org)
  • Individuals enter the economy with an initial stock of human capital and are able to accumulate more human capital over the life cycle using a Ben-Porath (1967) style technology (which essentially combines learning ability, time, and existing human capital for production). (federalreserve.gov)
  • Reduction in tariffs and removal of barriers to capital flows have spurred the migration of production to low-wage countries, but militarization of borders and rising xenophobia have had the opposite effect on the migration of workers from these countries-not stopping it altogether, but inhibiting its flow and reinforcing migrants' vulnerable, second-class status. (monthlyreview.org)
  • Human capital usually has greater appreciation of space than material capital and other production factors, especially in the postindustry era and in the stage of rapid economic knowledge development. (hindawi.com)
  • That's one reason I'm attracted to the "Austrian" approach to economics, which has always placed the entrepreneur at the front and center of production and exchange - not an incidental actor who steps in to introduce novelty then fades into the background as the "normal" market process resumes. (mises.org)
  • It is the entrepreneurs who invest the capital necessary for productivity growth, who organize production into firms and industries, who compete and cooperate to create and distribute goods and services to consumers in the most efficient and profitable manner. (mises.org)
  • The workers understand, they feel the social reality which reduces them to mere human integers of blind production--much life the inert silicon micro-ships of a computer. (libcom.org)
  • In comparison, with the exception of slavery, in pre-capitalist class societies, households organized through marriage and kinship were the basic unit for organizing the production of material goods as well as human care. (solidarity-us.org)
  • Here, therefore, arises the difference between natural instruments of production and those created by civilisation. (marxists.org)
  • [ 4 ] This possible role of bilirubin in early protection against oxidative injury, coupled with identification of multiple neonatal mechanisms to preserve and potentiate bilirubin production, has led to speculation about an as-yet-unrecognized beneficial role for bilirubin in the human neonate. (medscape.com)
  • We touch upon how the ways in which capitalists encourage humans to instrumentalise nature can give rise to pandemics. (springernature.com)
  • d) The existence, in the past, of more human social or cultural forms destroyed by capitalist "progress. (internationalviewpoint.org)
  • The accumulated experience of exclusionary models, put in check by the implantation of the Unified Health System (UHS) at the end of the 1980s, has had a process of revision and reformulation still slow, even considering the short time of existence of a model based in the universality of attention. (bvsalud.org)
  • It is the circulation of money as capital (chapter 5) that consolidates the conditions for the formation of capital's distinctive value form as a regulatory norm. (davidharvey.org)
  • Value formation likewise cannot be understood outside of the circulation process that houses it. (davidharvey.org)
  • The mutual interdependency within the totality of capital circulation is what matters. (davidharvey.org)
  • But economics is a logical, deductive, human science about real people acting in the real world, with all the dynamism, unpredictability, and creativity that entails. (mises.org)
  • As a result, high-skill (low-skill) individuals invest in their stock of human capital beyond (below) what is optimal if the true obsolescence frequency was known to them. (lu.se)
  • Individuals can choose to either invest in human capital on the job up to a certain fraction of their time or enroll in school where they can invest full time. (federalreserve.gov)
  • Hunting also saw the earliest traces of the transformation of free human activity into something resembling work. (libcom.org)
  • The Accumulation of Capital , first published in 1915, was both a major theoretical work and a political intervention, part of her ongoing battle to reassert the validity of revolutionary Marxism. (marxists.org)
  • Scientists are humans, and subject to the same foibles as others trying to work to common purpose as organizations and communities. (skepticalscience.com)
  • The processing of your data helps to ensure that targeted information about the ministry's work is made available to the public. (bundesfinanzministerium.de)
  • The expansion of the scale of education, development of healthy environment, growth of GDP, development of skill training, and population migration could reduce the input of creative human capital and promote the technical efficiency, while development of trade and institutional change, on the contrary, would block the input of creative human capital and the promotion the technical efficiency. (hindawi.com)
  • The general human capital contains social average knowledge stock and the ability of analysis, computing ability, learning ability, and adaptability, and the corresponding social role is the division of ordinary workers. (hindawi.com)
  • An anarchist perspective would not eschew social distancing or practices to protect the health of others, but decisions concerning them would be made through direct democratic processes by communities themselves. (springernature.com)
  • forms of knowledge display at various stages of social reproduction process are examined. (sibran.ru)
  • But is there a human agency, a force, a Historical Subject which has the potential to put a stop to this cycle of social insanity & destruction? (libcom.org)
  • In human social systems, the most complex systems in the universe, therefore the hardest to analyse, the struggle for the good society is a continuing one. (nadir.org)
  • The module also considers the links between epistemic frames and lived experiences of oppression and introduces students to the central ideas of feminist theoretical approaches such as: decolonial feminism, neo-materialism, social constructionism and transnational feminism. (up.ac.za)
  • Racism is "a system [of power and oppression] of structuring opportunity and assigning value based on the social interpretation of how one looks (which is what we call "race") that unfairly disadvantages some individuals and communities, unfairly advantages other individuals and communities, and saps the strength of the whole society through the waste of human resources" (1). (cdc.gov)
  • Progressive taxation compresses the (after-tax) wage structure, thereby distorting the incentives to accumulate human capital, in turn reducing the cross-sectional dispersion of (before-tax) wages. (federalreserve.gov)
  • Whereas "commodity money" (coinage or bullion) played an important role in the earlier stages of capitalist development, the growth of integrated capital markets meant increased use of credit money. (wikipedia.org)
  • This means that in the long run arithmetic food growth coupled with an exponential growth of human population would lead to a future where humans have little to no resources to survive on. (ipl.org)
  • W. Schultz Theodore (1963) indicates that the human capital is a significant source of the economic growth in the book, Economic Value of Education. (scirp.org)
  • The project identifies new sources of economic growth and competitiveness in the context of the globalization process. (sav.sk)
  • Economic growth is an important part of economic theory and one of the most significant problems economists tried to explain is the differences of growth rates of countries. (economicsessays.com)
  • In his book "Wealth of Nations" (1776), Adam Smith mentioned economic growth as the improving and increasing of capital. (economicsessays.com)
  • Many economists argue that the differences in economic growth between countries have been created during the 19th and 20th century. (economicsessays.com)
  • Malthus's Essay on the Principle of Population was an influential essay that proposed a systematic theoretical approach to population. (ipl.org)
  • Yet, the technical efficiency of creative human capital and its effects are still under research. (hindawi.com)
  • The research results indicate that, in this period, the entirety of creative human capital in China and the technical efficiency value in different regions and different provinces is still in the low level and could be promoted. (hindawi.com)
  • The hunting of larger animals for food, with the increased importance of meat in the diet, may have become more significant when humans encountered colder conditions in which plant foods were harder to come by, particularly in the last Ice Age. (libcom.org)
  • The ceaselessly shifting theoretical terrain is made even harder to access by Moore's appetite for riffing on the theme of Marxist phraseology. (isj.org.uk)
  • 2 At first, such a separation of the analytical process may come across as an easy method of research that could clarify all the theoretical contradictions and magically solve many of our doubts. (openedition.org)
  • Manufacturing Sector and the process of Structural transformation in Libyan Economy. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • The main mechanism for these results are shown to be differences in skill profiles, cross-productivity of skills and the faster accumulation rate of physical vis-à-vis human capital due to advanced skills being more difficult to master. (lu.se)
  • And if that sounds like almost everyone in modern society, from the homeless to Wall Street executives, the crucial difference, he argues, is one of power. (uvm.edu)
  • Gender Wage Gaps Reconsidered: A Structural Approach Using Matched Employer-Employee Data," Journal of Human Resources , 48 (4): 998-1034, 2013. (carloalberto.org)
  • This theme occupies a decisive place in Capital and was essential in making the Marxist workers movement. (internationalviewpoint.org)
  • Our conclusions are, first, overeducation occurrence is relatively high mainly among senior skilled workers since the quality requirement of the professors and doctors is much higher in China, and, second, the incidence of overeducation in husbandry remains at a low level all the way which indicates that the agricultural human capital attraction and level is weak due to the inferior income. (scirp.org)
  • Studies of brain structure and function, of hormonal modulation of performance, of human cognitive development, and of human evolution provide no significant evidence for biological differences between men and women in performing science and mathematics that can account for the lower representation of women in these fields. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Engaging with interdisciplinary studies, it highlights the stark contradictions operating within current theoretical and socio-political debates on the Mediterranean. (openedition.org)
  • Other in vitro studies have shown bilirubin to have more antioxidant capability than vitamin E, which is commonly assumed to be the most potent antioxidant in the human system. (medscape.com)
  • Generally, the formation of human capital mainly depends on the input of education, health and income, and so forth [ 10 , 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • A lot of researches show that human capital is playing a more and more significant role in the development of national culture or society or economy or employment or income and so on [ 5 - 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The third key outcome of the project is the detailed analyses regarding the notion of competitiveness in the context of the globalization process (accelerated by multinational corporations and other forms of global capital mobility, such as foreign direct investment) and the changing nature of the role of the state. (sav.sk)
  • This does not prevent one from seeing a certain evolution in his thought: whereas the Communist Manifesto (1848) is insistent on the historically progressive role of the bourgeoisie, Capital (1867) is more prone to denouncing the ignobility of the system. (internationalviewpoint.org)
  • Recently, the private health sector is growing fast and it became a significant part of the services delivered besides the public sector especially in the capital of Sudan and other big cities. (who.int)
  • Large deviations of cascade processes on graphs," Physical Review E , 87: 62115, June 2013. (carloalberto.org)
  • Too large amounts of capital had been accumulated. (sozialismus.net)
  • Scott Kirsch and Colin Flint highlight the contradictions between the concept and practice of peace by showing how capital accumulation, state formation and militarisation based on Western principles in post-conflict reconstruction reinforce dynamics that emerge during conflict. (lse.ac.uk)
  • Value thereby becomes an embedded regulatory norm in the sphere of exchange only under conditions of capital accumulation. (davidharvey.org)
  • the huge gap of human resources, poor working conditions in the public sector and poor financial rewards. (who.int)
  • First, the implementation of the idea of financial integration was limited to the elimination of capital mobility restrictions. (europa.eu)
  • To make the case for psychosis as the "key affliction of our particular economic moment," De Boever turns to what he terms finance fiction -fiction "realistically" about finance capital. (uchicago.edu)
  • We are, though, at a different point in terms of the expansion of the 'universe' of capital than in 1918. (springernature.com)
  • Normative, inversive, androgynous, infantile, deformed types of feminineness are presented in terms of power/consumption in theoretical and empiric layout. (sibran.ru)
  • It's becoming increasingly obvious, more widely acknowledged and rapidly being operationalized that human nature lies at the root of our problems with climate. (skepticalscience.com)