Testis specific. Medical search. Frequent questions

In the developing male (XY) gonad, sex-determining region of the Y (SRY) protein acts to up-regulate expression of the related gene, SOX9 , a transcriptional regulator that in turn initiates a downstream pathway of testis development, whilst also suppressing ovary development. (plos.org)
These discrepancies can be manifested in different gonadal combinations, including ovotestis with ovary, ovary and testis, bilateral ovotestis, and ovotestis and tesis. (medscape.com)
The gonads present may be bilateral ovotestes, or they may be a combination of a unilateral ovary or testis with an ovotestis on the contralateral side. (medscape.com)
Additionally, testicular and ovarian tissue may develop on the same side of the pelvis as a separate ovary and testis. (medscape.com)
LH and FSH bind to receptors in the testis and ovary and regulate gonadal function by promoting sex steroid production and gametogenesis. (medscape.com)

However, although numerous studies have investigated the protein-coding genes that show tissue-specific expression and play important roles during spermatogenesis, no previous study has comprehensively identified and characterized the mouse testis-specific lncRNAs. (biomedcentral.com)
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to identify mouse testis-specific lncRNAs and analyze their characteristics. (biomedcentral.com)
Expression of a Testis-Specific Nuclear Protein, TRA98, in Mouse Testis during Spermatogenesis. (scirp.org)

Testis-specific serine kinase 3 (Tssk3) is a conserved gene, but TSSK3 kinase functions and phosphorylation substrates of TSSK3 are not known. (cdc.gov)

Spermatogenesis, which is the complex and highly regulated process of producing haploid spermatozoa, involves testis-specific transcripts. (biomedcentral.com)
This study provides a catalog of testis-specific lncRNAs and a basis for future investigation of the lncRNAs involved in spermatogenesis and testicular functions. (biomedcentral.com)
Spermatogenesis is the complex and tightly regulated differentiation process through which haploid spermatozoa are produced in the seminiferous tubules of the testis. (biomedcentral.com)
It is expected that a highly organized intrinsic genetic network is responsible for controlling spermatogenesis in the testis, and that the elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanism will help us further understand male germ cell development. (biomedcentral.com)
These provide structural and nutritional support for germ cells, regulate spermatogenesis, and maintain the blood-testis barrier. (diva-portal.org)
Morphological analysis of testes based on H&E staining showed that the spermatogenesis was observed normally in the breeding season of wild mice in the heavily contaminated area. (intechopen.com)
In conclusion, even if the testes and the process of spermatogenesis are hypersensitive to radiation, we could not detect radiation effects on the spermatogenesis and Cs in the examined large Japanese field mice testes following chronic radiation exposure associated with the FDNPP accident. (intechopen.com)
Spermatogenesis in testis and ovotestis is rare given the high circulating estrogen levels. (medscape.com)

Testis specific 10 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TSGA10 gene. (wikipedia.org)
This locus represents a member of the cancer/testis gene family 47. (nih.gov)
Identification of a new cancer/testis gene family, CT47, among expressed multicopy genes on the human X chromosome. (nih.gov)
Previous data has reported similarity between human brain and testis gene expression patterns. (karger.com)
Hence, it means that human testis could also play a crucial role in human speciation if these two tissues exhibit similar gene expression patterns. (karger.com)
Among the 17 tissues, the highest similarity in gene expression patterns was between human brain and testis, based on DDD and clustering analysis. (karger.com)
Present results provide evidence to support the proposal that human testis and brain share the highest similarity of gene expression patterns. (karger.com)
Alternate forms of the PolII transcription initiation machinery have been proposed to play a role in selective activation of cell-type-specific gene expression programs during cellular differentiation. (silverchair.com)
This gene is conserved and Y-specific among a wide range of mammals, and encodes a testis-specific transcript. (nih.gov)
This gene has been termed SRY (for sex-determining region Y) and proposed to be a candidate for the elusive testis-determining gene, TDF. (nih.gov)

Testis-expressed protein TSGA10 an auto-antigen in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type I". Int. Immunol. (wikipedia.org)
Cancer/testis antigen MAGEC2 (also known as HCA587) is highly expressed in a wide variety of tumors and plays an active role in promoting growth and metastasis of tumor cells. (biomedcentral.com)
To our knowledge, this is the first time to report the role of TRIM28 in regulating the expression of cancer/testis antigen MAGEC2. (biomedcentral.com)
In the case of isocyanate s, determination of antigen-specific IgG might have some utility as a biomarker of exposure. (cdc.gov)

Transcriptomic analysis on 72 h-exposed fetal testis explants revealed 187 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including genes involved in steroid synthesis and toxic substance response. (biomedcentral.com)

Genomic analysis identified 250 protein-coding genes located near (≤ 10 kb) 194 of the loci encoding testis-specific lincRNAs. (biomedcentral.com)
In Vertebrates, Nanos paralogous genes were associated to partial redundancies and specific functional evolutions. (nature.com)
In teleostean fish, two nanos1 genes were generated, probably during the Teleost specific whole genome duplication (3R). (nature.com)
In another set of experiments, the researchers raised mice with intact Opn3 genes under lights that lacked the specific blue light wavelengths that normally stimulate OPN3. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Our data indicate, for the first time, a requirement for MAPK signaling in the developing XY gonad in order to facilitate normal expression of SRY and the downstream testis-determining genes and also suggest that reduced dosage of MAP3K4 may be the cause of a previously described autosomal sex-reversing mutation in the mouse. (plos.org)
DNA Genes are segments of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that contain the code for a specific protein that functions in one or more types of cells in the body or the code for functional ribonucleic. (msdmanuals.com)
To reduce the risk of analyzing cell line- pathway can be divided into distinct stages based on the specific features, we used several representative cell lines for recombination status of the Ig genes and on the expression each of four major stages in B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, pattern of surface markers and the presence of intracellular proteins [1- 6]. (lu.se)

Our study is the first to evidence the presence of the ECS in the human fetal testis and to highlight the potential adverse effect of cannabis consumption by pregnant women onto the development of the male gonad. (biomedcentral.com)
In mammals, whether an individual develops as a male or female depends on its sex chromosome constitution: those with a Y chromosome become males because of the development of the embryonic gonad into a testis. (plos.org)
If the newborn has OT-DSD, the palpated gonad is most likely an ovotestis or testis and usually is located on the right side. (medscape.com)

Taken together our findings suggest that 1) a specific pool(s) of cAMP is/are regulated by PDE8A during spermiogenesis pointing out a possible new role of this PDE8 isoform in key events governing the differentiation and maturation of human sperm and 2) PDE8B can be involved in Leydig cell transformation. (uniroma1.it)
Ex vivo exposure of first trimester testes to CBD, THC, or CBD/THC [ratio 1:1] at 10 −7 to 10 −5 M altered testosterone secretion by Leydig cells, AMH secretion by Sertoli cells, and impacted testicular cell proliferation and viability as early as 72 h post-exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
Leydig cell tumors (see the image below) are derived from normal Leydig cells that produce testosterone and are located in the interstitium of the testis. (medscape.com)
In men, testosterone is synthesized almost exclusively by the Leydig cells of the testes. (cdc.gov)

While prematurity is a leading cause, other causes may include hormonal disorders, retractile testes (a muscle reflex that causes a testicle to move back and forth from the scrotum to the groin), testicular absence or the cause may be unknown. (choc.org)
Fetal testes from Day 140 pregnant ewes exposed transiently for 80 day periods during early (0-80 days), mid (30-110 days) or late (60-140 days) pregnancy, had fewer Sertoli cells and reduced testicular area stained for CYP17A1. (elsevierpure.com)
Cancer-testis antigens (CTA) are named after their pattern of expression, as they are found in various types of cancers but only in testicular germ cells of normal adult tissues ( 1 ). (aacrjournals.org)
In contrast, testes weights, testicular sperm numbers, sperm motility, and serum and testicular testosterone levels were unaffected, even in the highest dose group (25 mg/kg/day). (epa.gov)

Cryptorchidism is more commonly seen in premature males because the testes do not descend from the abdomen to the scrotal sac until the seventh month of fetal development. (choc.org)
Exposure of the fetal testis to numerous individual environmental chemicals is frequently associated with dysregulated development, leading to impaired adult reproductive competence. (elsevierpure.com)
Fetal testes from continuously exposed ewes were either unaffected at Day 80 or exhibited a reduced area of testis immunostained for CYP17A1 protein at Day 140. (elsevierpure.com)
Male fetuses from ewes exposed during late pregnancy also exhibited reduced fetal body, adrenal and testis mass, anogenital distance and lowered testosterone: collectively indicative of an anti-androgenic effect. (elsevierpure.com)
The fetal testis, whose endocrine function orchestrates the masculinization of many distant organs, is particularly sensitive to disruption by xenobiotics. (biomedcentral.com)
In this context, we aimed to determine whether cannabis exposure has the potential to directly impact the human fetal testis. (biomedcentral.com)
We determined the expression of components of the ECS in the human fetal testis from 6 to 17 developmental weeks and assessed the direct effects of phytocannabinoids Δ9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) on the testis morphology and cell functions ex vivo. (biomedcentral.com)
We demonstrate the presence in the human fetal testis of two key endocannabinoids, 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG) and to a lower level anandamide (AEA), as well as a range of enzymes and receptors for the ECS. (biomedcentral.com)

Ten percent of cases are bilateral (involve both testes). (choc.org)
Undescended testes can be unilateral (involving only one testicle) or bilateral (involving one testicle). (choc.org)
First off, the presence of a hidden testis or testes can be a clue that something more sinister is going on, in particular when there is a finding of bilateral non-palpable testes. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)
Infants born to mothers with severe acute respiratory syn- bilateral pain of the testes, and an reactivity to four specific bands drome. (cdc.gov)

Testicles that have descended, but are prone to retracting out of the scrotum, are called retractile testes and while the phenomenon usually resolves over time they are at increased risk of evolving into a true undescended state. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)
In the case of true undescended testes, as opposed to absent or retractile testes, there are many possible future complications. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)

We performed microarray analysis of transcripts from mouse brain, heart, kidney, liver and testis. (biomedcentral.com)

Finally, we arbitrarily selected 26 testis-specific lncRNAs and performed in vitro expression analysis. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results revealed that all of them were expressed exclusively in the testis, and 23 of the 26 showed germ cell-specific expression. (biomedcentral.com)
Cancer-testis antigens (CTA), a family of tumor-associated antigens, have both potent immunogenicity and restricted expression patterns in normal adult tissues, highly desirable characteristics for targets of anticancer vaccines. (aacrjournals.org)
Cannabis action is mediated by the endocannabinoid system (ECS), which expression is well established in the brain but unknown in the developing testis. (biomedcentral.com)
Expression analysis of the human testis-specific serine/threonine kinase (TSSK) homologues. (elsevierpure.com)
Similar to the mouse, tissue expression by northern and dot blot analysis revealed that human TSSK 1 and 2 messages are expressed exclusively in the testis. (elsevierpure.com)
Dive into the research topics of 'Expression analysis of the human testis-specific serine/threonine kinase (TSSK) homologues. (elsevierpure.com)
In contrast, nanos1B was detected in testis with the highest expression in the germinative zone. (nature.com)
These data demonstrate that MAP3K4-dependent signalling events are required for normal expression of Sry during testis development, and create a novel entry point into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying sex determination in mice and disorders of sexual development in humans. (plos.org)
Present study was designed to establish a causal connection between changes in the cell-cell junction protein expression at the blood-testis barrier and alterations in the adult rat testis histology following an anti-androgen flutamide exposure. (biomedcentral.com)

Other children may require a surgery to bring the testes down into the scrotum. (choc.org)
Undescended testes (known medically as cryptorchidism) occur when one or both testicles do not reach the scrotum and remain inside the boy's abdomen or groin (inguinal canal). (southerncross.co.nz)
We commonly refer to this finding as cryptorchidism , although by strict definition that term specifically applies to testes that haven't fully completed their epic journey into the scrotum by 4 months of age. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)
Testes are usually found in the scrotum, although they can be found at any level along the path of embryonic descent from abdomen to scrotum, frequently presenting as inguinal hernias. (medscape.com)

Male pseudohermaphroditism refers to individuals whose gonads are testes but whose secondary sexual characteristics or external genitalia resemble those of a female. (britannica.com)
Analysis of XY byg/byg gonads at 11.5 d post coitum reveals a growth deficit and a failure to support mesonephric cell migration, both early cellular processes normally associated with testis development. (plos.org)

Cryptorchidism, which is also diagnosed initially when one or both testes is absent, is the most common congenital abnormal finding related to the male genitourinary tract. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)
Most cases of cryptorchidism involve undescended but healthy testes. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)

After satisfactory growth, testosterone treatment may help boys whose testes are underdeveloped. (msdmanuals.com)

Pathological processes of the OVARIES or the TESTES. (bvsalud.org)

Here, we used microarray analysis to profile the previously annotated lncRNAs and mRNAs expressed in various mouse tissues, including testis. (biomedcentral.com)

A spermatozoon is a highly differentiated cell developed from a spermatid through spermiogenesis in the convoluted seminiferous tubule of the testis. (frontiersin.org)
In the testis, Sertoli cells serve as supporting cells and reside as a basal epithelial lining within the seminiferous epithelium. (biomedcentral.com)

Human CRISP-2, the ortholog of rodent testis specific protein 1 (Tpx1) is a secreted protein expressed in testis. (rndsystems.com)

The ovotestis can be anatomically located in an ovarian position, or along the anatomical path of the testes in the labioscrotal fold, the inguinal canal, or at the internal inguinal ring. (medscape.com)

Testis morphology was analyzed using light and electron microscopy. (biomedcentral.com)

0.01) and a loss of linear distribution of these proteins at the region of the blood-testis barrier. (biomedcentral.com)
They create a specialized microenvironment to support the germ cell development especially through the formation of the blood-testis barrier (BTB). (biomedcentral.com)

The implications of the similarity regarding that both brain and testis contributed to human speciation are discussed. (karger.com)
Nanos1A was strongly expressed in brain and also localized in all germ cell types in the polarized testis. (nature.com)

These proteins process pre-microRNAs into mature microRNAs (miRNAs) that target specific mRNA species for regulation. (hindawi.com)

Analysis of male germ cell-related cell lines (F9, GC-1 and GC-2) revealed that some of the testis-specific lncRNAs were expressed in each of these cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
Depending on the molecules and testis age, highly deleterious effects of phytocannabinoid exposure were observed on testis tissue after 14 days, including Sertoli and germ cell death. (biomedcentral.com)

The use of cell lines does, however, introduce a risk the immunoglobulin (Ig)-secreting plasma cell in the spleen, of obtaining cell line-specific features as a result of the trans- gut, or BM [1, 2]. (lu.se)

In contrast, relatively fewer changes in the testis transcriptome in fetuses exposed continuously to ECs throughout gestation is associated with less severe consequences. (elsevierpure.com)
In contrast, TSKS was only found in the testis. (elsevierpure.com)

Two members of the human testis-specific serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) kinase family, TSSK 1 and TSSK 2, were cloned and sequenced from a human testis adaptor-ligated cDNA library using a PCR strategy. (elsevierpure.com)
Antibodies against recombinant TSSK 2 demonstrated that a member of the TSSK family was present in human testis and localized to the equatorial segment of ejaculated human sperm. (elsevierpure.com)
There are 13 such human-specific families, and 16 shared between fly and human. (wormbook.org)
human testis tissue were subjected to SDS PAGE followed by western blot with 55388-1-AP (PKA C-alpha speicifc antibody) at dilution of 1:500 incubated at room temperature for 1.5 hours. (ptglab.com)
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human testis slide using 55388-1-AP (PKA C-alpha speicifc antibody at dilution of 1:50. (ptglab.com)

The testis is a complex organ responsible for sperm production and hormone synthesis. (diva-portal.org)
NHE11) Is a Testis-Specific Protein Localized to the Head of Mature Mammalian Sperm. (bvsalud.org)

What are the symptoms of undescended testes? (choc.org)
Because of the anxiety hemosper- undiagnosed eosinophilia with non- mL of pleural effusion, cytologic mia caused, this symptom was the specific symptoms (1). (cdc.gov)
However, some specific symptoms and problems caused by the syndrome can be treated. (msdmanuals.com)

Resolution occurs as the testicles (or testes) descend from the small internal passageway that runs along the abdomen near the groin into the scrotal sac. (choc.org)
Some children may be examined periodically for a length of time to allow the testes to naturally descend. (choc.org)
Rarely testes descend but do not end up in a normal anatomical position, settling in surrounding tissue such as the superficial inguinal pouch or suprapubic region. (sciencebasedmedicine.org)

In an attempt to study further the age-specific influence on the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis as well as the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis, we have now investigated young and middle-aged men, considering possible confounding factors. (lu.se)

Undescended testes are not painful and do not pose an immediate risk to health. (southerncross.co.nz)

Diagnosis of undescended testes is made based on a complete medical history and physical examination by a specialist. (choc.org)
In general, currently published data supporting the use of tests to detect specific IgE and IgG to LMW agents in the diagnosis of occupational asthma is limited and inconclusive. (cdc.gov)

Immunofluorescence analyses further reveals that PDE8A is also highly expressed in specific spermatogenic stages. (uniroma1.it)
Testes from 90-day-old control and flutamide-exposed rats were used for all analyses. (biomedcentral.com)

Pleural Effusion in echography and prostate-specific anti- spermia is often benign with predomi- gen, showed no abnormalities except a nant causes including prostatic and Gnathostomiasis prostatic adenoma (preexisting and seminal vesicle disease. (cdc.gov)

Almost half of the 438 worm kinases are members of worm-specific or worm-expanded families. (wormbook.org)

During the development of toxicological profiles, Minimal Risk Levels (MRLs) are derived when reliable and sufficient data exist to identify the target organ(s) of effect or the most sensitive health effect(s) for a specific duration for a given route of exposure. (cdc.gov)
These results indicate that the testis of the rat is not a specific target organ for Aroclor 1254. (epa.gov)

101 proteins were successfully stained and localized within testis tissue and subcellular locations in Sertoli cells were annotated. (diva-portal.org)
The employed workflow demonstrated its potential for identifying Sertoli cell-specific proteins and can be applied to future research. (diva-portal.org)

However, there has been no report on the comprehensive identification of testis-specific lncRNAs in mice. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we evaluated the effect of chronic radiation exposure associated with FDNPP accident on the testes of large Japanese field mice. (intechopen.com)
However, caesium (Cs) was not detected in all testes of wild mice from FDNPP ex-evacuation zone. (intechopen.com)

Exposure limited to early gestation induced more testis transcriptome changes than observed for continuously exposed Day 140 fetuses. (elsevierpure.com)
These data suggest that a short period of EC exposure does not allow sufficient time for the testis to adapt. (elsevierpure.com)

Undescended testes may occur for several reasons. (choc.org)
Undescended testes occur in approximately 3 to 5 percent of male infants. (choc.org)
Undescended testes occur in 3 to 4 percent of full-term infants. (choc.org)

In addition, we determined that several nuage proteins localize to spermatogenic cell-specific structures, including mitochondria-associated granules (MAG), granulated bodies (GB), reticulated bodies (RB), and ribosome aggregates (RA) [ 22 - 26 ]. (hindawi.com)

Performance characteristics of tests for antibodies specific to low-molecular-weight (LMW) agents in predicting asthma caused by these agents differ in the study population. (cdc.gov)
5. Wong SF, Chow KM, deSwiet M. Severe of the patient, including the testes, was an increase of antibodies against acute respiratory syndrome and pregnancy. (cdc.gov)

The most common symptom of undescended testes is the inability to feel the testis during a physical exam. (choc.org)

Undescended testes are a condition seen most commonly in newborns when one or both of the male testes have not passed down into the scrotal sac. (choc.org)
Up to one-third of premature male infants have an undescended testis. (choc.org)
Due to species-specific findings, which are considered as not relevant for humans, a NOAEL could not be determined for male rats. (europa.eu)

We found that testis has the largest number of tissue-specific lncRNAs. (biomedcentral.com)

Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) from the same patient blood sample, was assessed by ddPCR targeting tumour-specific mutations. (nature.com)

Surgery for undescended testes and is usually performed within the first year after birth. (southerncross.co.nz)

Anatomy18

Organisms1

Diseases9

Chemicals and Drugs11

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment10

Phenomena and Processes18

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Ovary5

Mouse testis3

Serine kinase1

Spermatogenesis8

Gene10

Antigen4

Transcriptomic1

Genes7

Gonad3

Leydig4

Testicular4

Fetal8

Bilateral4

Retractile testes2

Liver1

Expression10

Scrotum4

Gonads2

Cryptorchidism2

Testosterone1

Ovaries1

Tissues1

Seminiferous2

Ortholog1

Ovotestis1

Morphology1

Blood-testis2

Brain2

MRNA1

Germ cell2

Spleen1

Contrast2

Human5

Sperm2

Symptoms3

Descend3

Gonadal1

Painful1

Diagnosis2

Analyses2

Prostate1

Kinases1

Organ2

Sertoli2

Mice3

Exposure2

Occur3

Cell1

Antibodies2

Symptom1

Male3

Tissue-specific1

Patient1

Surgery1