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SalinityTemperatureBody TemperatureHot TemperatureCold TemperatureSodium ChlorideSalt-ToleranceSalt-Tolerant PlantsSkin TemperatureSeawaterBody Temperature RegulationGillsFresh WaterAtriplexStress, PhysiologicalWaterAdaptation, PhysiologicalThermometersSaltsChenopodiaceaeBrachyuraWater-Electrolyte BalanceThermographySeasonsEstuariesWater MicrobiologyHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationPlant RootsEcosystemAcclimatizationHumidityOsmotic PressureOsmolar ConcentrationMolecular Sequence DataTransition TemperatureTilapiaThermodynamicsFundulidaeTime FactorsBivalviaPlant LeavesSoilKineticsGene Expression Regulation, PlantFreezingClimatePhylogenyGerminationRiversOsmoregulationPlant ShootsOceans and SeasPhotosynthesisEnvironmentDroughtsHypothermiaBiomassPlant ProteinsBaysClimate ChangeRNA, Ribosomal, 16SHemolymphSpecies SpecificityHepatopancreasGeologic SedimentsWetlandsThermosensingPlants, Genetically ModifiedHeatingMutationSkates (Fish)MesembryanthemumCalorimetry, Differential ScanningRainRhizophoraceaeSeedlingFeverAntarctic RegionsCopepodaOsmosisCarbon DioxideAmaranthaceaeOstreidaeEscherichia coliLarvaFishesSequence Analysis, DNAIceBetaineArabidopsisCulture MediaOryza sativaBacteriaAmino Acid SequenceBaltic StatesAbscisic AcidSodiumLakesAquacultureLight
BrackishConductivity sensorSensorSurfaceMeasurementsAffectsOxygenSensorsProfilesClimate changeDataPhysiologicalHighSeawater temperatureDiagramVersusDensityReadingsTrendSodiumRangesVariationsOceanDependentLarvalEnvironmentalAcclimationAdultUnitsStableSurvivalEstuaryPolarThermalYieldIncreasesAverageStudyCompensationWater qualityConditionsHumidityMeasureDetermine
Brackish3
Conductivity sensor2
  • The original SBE 9 incorporated Sea-Bird's standard modular SBE 3 temperature sensor and SBE 4 conductivity sensor, and a Paroscientific Digiquartz pressure sensor. (bodc.ac.uk)
  • The SBE 9 was replaced in 1997 by an off-the-shelf version, termed the SBE 9 plus , that incorporated the SBE 3 plus (or SBE 3P) temperature sensor, SBE 4C conductivity sensor and a Paroscientific Digiquartz pressure sensor. (bodc.ac.uk)
Sensor6
Surface10
  • As long as it remains isolated from the surface, where heat or fresh water can be gained or lost, and in the absence of mixing with other water masses, a water parcel's potential temperature and salinity are conserved. (wikipedia.org)
  • Horizontal differences in density (due to variations of temperature and salinity) measured along a specific depth cause the hydrostatic pressure to vary along a horizontal plane or geopotential surface, a surface perpendicular to the direction of the gravity acceleration. (britannica.com)
  • Validation of satellite-based retrieval of ocean parameters like Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) is commonly done via statistical comparison with in situ measurements. (mdpi.com)
  • This data visualization shows sea surface salinity (i.e., ocean salt concentration) over a ten year period (2011 to 2021). (nasa.gov)
  • The salinity of the ocean also varies from place to place, because evaporation varies based on the sea surface temperature and wind, rivers and rain storms inject fresh water into the ocean, and melting or freezing sea ice affects the salinity of polar waters. (nasa.gov)
  • Sea Surface Salinity (i.e., ocean salt) colorbar. (nasa.gov)
  • This data visualization shows the areas where sea surface salinity has increased (depicted in red) and descreased (depicted in blue) over ten years (2011 to 2021). (nasa.gov)
  • Rectangular flat map projection shows Sea Surface Salinity measurements taken by Aquarius in its whole life span (September 2011 - May 2015). (nasa.gov)
  • Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a typical parameter used in assessing organic pollution strength in surface waters and is normally tested over a 5-day period at an incubation temperature of 20°C (BOD 5). (researchgate.net)
  • 5. Striped bass (Morone saxatilis) migration timing driven by estuary outflow and sea surface temperature in the San Francisco Bay-Delta, California. (nih.gov)
Measurements4
  • Conductivity measurements are very sensitive to temperature variations. (shopdynamictank.com)
  • Automatic temperature compensation allows students to calibrate the probe in the lab and then make measurements outdoors without temperature changes affecting data. (vernier.com)
  • A rosette sampling system equipped with 12-10 l General Oceanics sampling bottles was used to collect samples for oxygen isotopes and salinity measurements. (bodc.ac.uk)
  • Temperature and salinity data were obtained from NERACOOS buoys and measurements during sample collection. (nih.gov)
Affects1
Oxygen4
  • Baojun T, Baozhong L, Hongsheng Y, Jianhai X (2005) Oxygen consumption and ammonia-N excretion of Meretrix meretrix in different temperature and salinity. (springer.com)
  • and Pararotalia nipponica were subjected to different combinations of seawater temperature (25�C to 35�C) and salinity (25 psu to 37 psu) in the laboratory to assess their stable oxygen isotopic composition and its applicability in determining seawater temperature and salinity. (nio.res.in)
  • View two CTD profiles of Salinity versus Fluorescence and Temperature versus Oxygen. (cmar.csiro.au)
  • Extreme environmental conditions may include food scarcity, limited access to oxygen, or temperature extremes. (nih.gov)
Sensors1
  • They are also equipped with pressure sensors to record dive depths, as well as miniaturized temperature and salinity sensors. (cnes.fr)
Profiles2
  • Also if a temperature or salinity was missing, the pressure level has been removed from the profiles here. (pangaea.de)
  • The SBE 911 and SBE 917 series of conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) units are used to collect hydrographic profiles, including temperature, conductivity and pressure as standard. (bodc.ac.uk)
Climate change1
  • However, estuarine temperature and salinity conditions are expected to shift with climate change, potentially altering plant and animal physiology and consequently their ecological interactions. (springer.com)
Data4
  • This study provides the first data on the salinity and temperature sensitivity and metabolic physiology of P. taylori with relevance to their trophic position in the context of eelgrass ecosystems. (springer.com)
  • Salinity and temperature data from the Gulf of Riga, a semi-enclosed sub-basin of the Baltic Sea, were analyzed with a focus on interannual and seasonal variability. (iwaponline.com)
  • Nutrients and temperature profile data were collected using bottle, XBT, and CTD casts in the North Pacific Ocean, Sea of Japan, and other Sea areas from 01 January 1965 to 31 December 2002. (data.gov)
  • Our study of the NPP from two Late Quaternary lake records from western Victoria, Australia, provided additional information on water quality, salinity, depth, temperature and nutrient levels to the general environmental interpretation derived from pollen data. (uva.nl)
Physiological1
  • A salt concentration in this range allows the salinity of the pool water to be close to the physiological salinity of the human body, and also effectively prevents the growth of bacteria and other microorganisms. (yieryimeters.com)
High11
  • Then, we determined respiration rate, grazing rate, and defecation rate of P. taylori following a crossed 2-week acclimation at typical summer low- and high temperatures (18 and 22 °C) and salinities (27 and 33 ppt). (springer.com)
  • P. taylori respiration and grazing rates were elevated under low salinity and high temperature. (springer.com)
  • Generally, for high-temperature and ultra-high-salinity reservoirs with strong heterogeneity like Y2 reservoir, in-situ crosslinked gel/foam flooding can be a good candidate for EOR. (onepetro.org)
  • This work provides a potential EOR method with high efficiency, i.e. in-situ crosslinked gel assisted N 2 foam flooding, for the development of similar reservoirs like Y2 with high temperature, ultra-high salinity, high heterogeneity and multiple layers. (onepetro.org)
  • Warm colors (orange to yellow) are areas of high salinity/hot tropics. (nasa.gov)
  • Guinehut, S., Dhomps, A.-L., Larnicol, G., Le Traon, P.-Y. High resolution 3-d temperature and salinity fields derived from in situ and satellite observations. (crossref.org)
  • ️Unser Service -5-In-1 salinity TDS EC temperature pH meter is committed to high quality services guaranteed. (yieryimeters.com)
  • Laboratory corrosion studies in low- and high-salinity geobrines of the Imperial Valley, CA. (cdc.gov)
  • These low- and high-salinity brines are representative of those found in the Imperial Valley, California. (cdc.gov)
  • Carbon steel and the low-alloy steels are unsatisfactory for high-temperature, high- salinity brines. (cdc.gov)
  • Pseudo-nitzschia biogeography was consistent in the years 2012, 2014, and 2015, with greater Pseudo-nitzschia cell abundance and P. plurisecta dominance in low-salinity inshore samples, and lower Pseudo-nitzschia cell abundance and P. delicatissima and P. seriata dominance in high-salinity offshore samples. (nih.gov)
Seawater temperature3
Diagram2
  • In a T-S diagram, rather than plotting each water property as a separate "profile," with pressure or depth as the vertical coordinate, potential temperature (on the vertical axis) is plotted versus salinity (on the horizontal axis). (wikipedia.org)
  • TS diagram showing the relationship between temperature (t), salinity (S), and density (the last three digits of the density can be read on the σ t line). (periodni.com)
Versus1
Density1
  • Each liter of the ocean (and there is about 1.34·10 12 L in the ocean) contains approximately 34 g of dissolved salts (at 10 °C and salinity of 35 ‰ the density of seawater is 1.0270 kg/L). To date, more than 90 chemical elements have been identified in the sea. (periodni.com)
Readings2
  • The multilevel LCD display provides at-a-glance salinity and temperature readings from any angle while dual button operation streamlines the testing process for any user. (shopdynamictank.com)
  • The seals' transmitters have collected 16,500 new temperature and salinity readings in record time , helping researchers to describe precisely the ocean currents that originate here. (cnes.fr)
Trend2
  • The basic decreasing trend, superimposed interannual variations in salinity, and interannual and seasonal temperature variations in the Gulf of Riga coincided with corresponding changes above the halocline in the Baltic Proper. (iwaponline.com)
  • Considering the likely increasing trend in coastal salinity, prompt action is required. (nih.gov)
Sodium3
  • DWS is an important source of daily sodium intake in salinity-affected areas and is a risk factor for hypertension. (nih.gov)
  • Because MAR showed variable effects, alternative technologies for providing reliable, safe, low-sodium fresh water should be developed alongside improvements in MAR and evaluated in "real-life" salinity-affected settings. (nih.gov)
  • The aim of this study was to quantify the effects of induced salinity on k 1 , with varying levels of sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration (5 - 25 ppt), towards six mildly polluted to polluted tropical river water samples. (researchgate.net)
Ranges2
  • In order to better understand the influence that aquatic environments exert on AI transmission and maintenance in the wild-bird reservoir system, we determined the duration of persistence for 12 wild-bird origin AI viruses under natural ranges of pH, salinity, and temperature. (nih.gov)
  • Optimal salinity ranges for postlarvae and juveniles were identified based on the different parameters measured. (seafdec.org)
Variations3
Ocean1
  • This results in the rise of ocean temperatures and ocean acidification which is harmful to many fish species and causes damage to habitats such as coral . (wikipedia.org)
Dependent2
  • In Korea the sevenband grouper spawns during summer season, and the embryogenesis and hatching rate are dependent on water temperate and salinity. (ksdb.org)
  • 2. The glutathione-dependent system of antioxidant defense is not modulated by temperature acclimation in muscle tissues from striped bass, Morone saxatilis. (nih.gov)
Larval2
  • This study aims to examine egg development, early larval development under controlled water temperature and salinity for seedling production and feeding management. (ksdb.org)
  • 13. Salinity and temperature effects on whole-animal thyroid hormone levels in larval and juvenile striped bass, Morone saxatilis. (nih.gov)
Environmental1
  • The kinetics and metabolism of cadmium are reviewed in the third section, which concentrates on the many environmental variables, such as temperature, salinity, pH, and the chemical composition of water and soil, that influence cadmium uptake in different aquatic and terrestrial systems and determine the toxic impact on organisms and microorganisms. (who.int)
Acclimation2
  • Irrespective of acclimation salinity, P. taylori acclimated to 18 °C were more sensitive to heat shock, as they had a larger increase in respiration rate at 30 °C, and had reduced feeding rates following the 30 °C exposure, whereas there was no reduction in feeding rate in 22 °C acclimated specimens. (springer.com)
  • 4. Influence of acclimation temperature on the induction of heat-shock protein 70 in the catfish Horabagrus brachysoma (Günther). (nih.gov)
Adult2
  • Furthermore, the semi-anadromous fish could be clustered into at least four additional life-history phenotypes that varied by natal origin, dispersal age and adult salinity history. (nature.com)
  • 3. Temperature, hypoxia, and mycobacteriosis: effects on adult striped bass Morone saxatilis metabolic performance. (nih.gov)
Units1
Stable1
  • The stable isotopic ratio of the species shows no consistent relationship with salinity. (nio.res.in)
Survival4
  • First, we determined salinity thresholds for survival of P. taylori at 20 °C (typical summer temperature) for 2 weeks, and found that significant mortality occurs at salinity below 25 ppt. (springer.com)
  • Survival of Penaeus monodon postlarvae and juveniles at different salinity and temperature levels. (seafdec.org)
  • All test animals were previously reared in 32 ppt sea water at a temperature of 27-29°C. Survival rates were compared after four days for PL1, PL5, and PL 10, and 10 days for PL 15. (seafdec.org)
  • Survival rates of postlarvae and juveniles were generally lower at 33°C. Length and MSI of postlarvae were higher at 33°C than at 22°C. TPI at PL10 and PL15 were not significantly affected by salinity. (seafdec.org)
Estuary1
Polar1
  • [2] When temperatures rise, mountain glaciers and the polar ice caps melt, increasing the amount of water in water bodies. (wikipedia.org)
Thermal1
  • Temperature and Humidity- HVAC systems must be designed to compensate for the thermal and moisture loads that result from the volume of water contained in the space. (nih.gov)
Yield1
  • In this study, we characterized tomato plants overexpressing the CDF3 genes from Arabidopsis and tomato and analyzed their effects on growth and yield under salinity, additionally gaining deeper insights into the molecular function of these TFs. (frontiersin.org)
Increases2
  • By increasing salinity the freezing point decreases while the boiling point of the sea increases. (periodni.com)
  • In a dry environment, evaporation rates may be higher, potentially requiring the addition of large quantities of water to the system and monitoring for increases in salinity/conductivity, contaminants, or other water quality aberrations. (nih.gov)
Average1
  • The average salinity in the Gulf of Riga increased during strong inflow and weak river flow and decreased when inflow was weak and river flow was strong. (iwaponline.com)
Study2
  • The central aim of our study is to understand how increasing temperature and salinity are likely to alter that ecological interaction. (springer.com)
  • These new-generation transmitters* allowed us to track the seals' movements, study their behaviour during dives and measure sea temperature and salinity ," he explains. (cnes.fr)
Compensation1
Water quality1
  • Major components of characterized by water quality, illumination, noise, vibration, the life support system should be placed outside animal and temperature. (nih.gov)
Conditions1
Humidity1
Measure1
Determine2
  • To determine how P. taylori responds to very warm and extreme summer temperatures, we measured respiration rates at higher temperatures (26 °C-very warm summer and 30 °C-heat shock) and feeding rates following exposure to the 30 °C heat shock. (springer.com)
  • Designed to bring simplicity to salinity testing during the any process, the HI98319 Marine Salinity Tester measures conductivity (EC) to determine the salinity of natural and artificial seawater. (shopdynamictank.com)