Stereocilin connects outer hair cell stereocilia to one another and to the tectorial membrane. (hal.science)
Using immunofluorescence and immunogold electron microscopy, stereocilin was detected in association with two cell surface specializations specific to outer hair cells (OHCs) in the mature cochlea: the horizontal top connectors that join the apical regions of adjacent stereocilia within the hair bundle, and the attachment links that attach the tallest stereocilia to the overlying tectorial membrane. (hal.science)
Stereocilia imprints on the lower surface of the tectorial membrane were also not observed in Strc(-/-) mice, thus indicating that the tips of the tallest stereocilia failed to be embedded in this gel. (hal.science)
The tips of the outer hair cell stereocilia are imbedded in a gelatinous mass called the tectorial membrane which lies on top of the organ of Corti and is secreted from cells (not shown) on the left. (bcm.edu)
The overlying tectorial membrane is not as flexible so the stereocilia are bent as the organ of Corti moves up and down against it. (bcm.edu)
Waves move the basilar membrane but not the tectorial membrane resulting in conformational changes in the stereocilia of hair cells. (powershow.com)
Movement of basilar membrane changes conformation of stereocilia resulting in increased K conductance. (powershow.com)
The IHC stereocilia, which do not contact the tectorial membrane, are fluid-coupled and sensitive to stimulus velocity, while the OHC stereocilia are sensitive to displacement. (hearinghealthmatters.org)
1992). These structural changes result in the uncoupling of outer hair cell (OHC) stereocilia from the tectorial membrane (TM) & raise the threshold for stimulation of the hair cells by 20-40 dB (Nordmann et al. (cdc.gov)
These cells possess stereocilia, the tallest of which are embedded in the gelatinous tectorial membrane. (digitalhistology.org)
Atlanto-occipital membranes1
The anterior and posterior atlanto-occipital membranes extend from the upper aspect of C1 to the anterior and posterior aspects of the foramen magnum. (physio-pedia.com)
Tympanic3
Air pressure on the Tympanic membrane causes movement of the middle ear with the Stapes causing vibration of the Oval window resulting in fluid waves within the Cochlea. (powershow.com)
The relations between tympanic membrane higher order modes and standing waves. (auditorymodels.org)
if pressure is not quickly equilibrated, middle ear hemorrhage or tympanic membrane rupture may occur. (msdmanuals.com)
The mechanical role of the tectorial membrane in hearing is yet to be fully understood, and traditionally was neglected or downplayed in many models of the cochlea. (wikipedia.org)
α-tectorin (encoded by Tecta) is a component of the tectorial membrane, an extracellular matrix of the cochlea. (brighton.ac.uk)
These abnormalities do not seriously influence the tectorial membrane's known role in ensuring that cochlear feedback is optimal, because the sensitivity and frequency tuning of the mechanical responses of the cochlea are little changed. (brighton.ac.uk)
The precise mechanism concerning how the sonic image is 'read' by the cochleae is still unknown but the team's present hypothesis is that each click-pulse causes the image to momentarily manifest on the basilar and tectorial membranes, thin sheets of tissue situated in the heart of each cochlea. (speakdolphin.com)
However, it was in 2007 that scientists identified the tectorial membrane within the inner ear's cochlea. (artisanhearing.com)
When vibration enters the ear, the tiny tectorial membrane manages how water moves in reaction using small pores as it rests on little hairs in the cochlea. (artisanhearing.com)
Mammalian alpha-tectorin, which is one of the major non-collagenous components of the tectorial membrane. (embl.de)
Vestibular2
Tectorial membrane of the vestibular canal d. (respaper.com)
The cochlear duct is separated from the scala tympani by the basilar membrane and the vestibular ramp Reissner's membrane. (neuromatiq.com)
Cilia3
Microscopic cilia connect with the tectorial membrane and 'read' the shape of the imprint, creating a composite electrical signal representing the object's shape. (speakdolphin.com)
These cells contain cilia that are moored to a membrane (the tectorial membrane). (neuromatiq.com)
The tectorial membrane, which is delicately lying at the top of the longest cilia of the inner hair cells, swings around with every wave of sound, moving the cilia and causing the hair cells' electrical reactions. (thelineofhealth.org)
Reissner1
Inner ear barotrauma (IEBT) occurs due to rupture of the labyrinthine window (round or oval window) or tears of the Reissner, basilar, or tectorial membranes. (msdmanuals.com)
Ligament6
The organ of Corti is made up of hair cells and supporting cells (purple and blue, respectively) that sit on a flexible basilar membrane which is anchored to the bony shelf on the left and a ligament (not shown) on the right. (bcm.edu)
Since the basilar membrane is attached to bone and ligament at its two ends, the area of maximal vibration is near the third (furthest right) row of outer hair cells. (bcm.edu)
The tectorial membrane is the superior extension of the posterior longitudinal ligament and attaches to the anterolateral aspect of the foramen magnum. (physio-pedia.com)
The apical ligament lies between the superior longitudinal fasciculus of the cruciform ligament and the anterior atlanto-occipital membrane. (physio-pedia.com)
The apical ligament of dens and the tectorial membrane attach to the internal basiocciput. (sdcindia.ac.in)
This ligament is an inferior continuation of the tectorial membrane, which connects the axis to the base of the skull . (anatomy.app)
Outer hair cells2
Basilar membrane responses of wild-type mice exhibit a second resonance, indicating that the tectorial membrane provides an inertial mass against which outer hair cells can exert forces. (brighton.ac.uk)
Thus, the tectorial membrane ensures that outer hair cells can effectively respond to basilar membranemotion and that feedback is delivered with the appropriate gain and timing required for amplification. (brighton.ac.uk)
Sensory2
When tectorial membrane calcium is restored, sensory cell function returns. (wikipedia.org)
At the region of preferential vibration, hair cells in the outer slide of the tectorial membrane [ 5 ], they depolarize and send nerve signals via afferent nerve fibers to the brain stem. (neuromatiq.com)
The main function of the CCE is to contract for amplifying the vibration of the basilar membrane at the stimulation [ 96 ], thereby depolarizing the inner hair cells at low amplitudes. (neuromatiq.com)
Hair cells2
Thus, using Tecta Y1870C/+ mice, we have genetically isolated a second major role for the tectorial membrane in hearing: it enables the motion of the basilar membrane to optimally drive the inner hair cells at their best frequency. (brighton.ac.uk)
When the hair cells from the slide tectorial membrane, they depolarize and release neurotransmitters [ 41 ] which will stimulate the basilar membrane which follow until the columella, where they form the cell body spiral ganglion nerve fibers. (neuromatiq.com)
Mutants1
The basilar membranes of wild-type and alpha-tectorin mutant mice are tuned, but the alpha-tectorin mutants are 35 dB less sensitive. (brighton.ac.uk)
Microscopic1
You won't find this microscopic membrane made of a gel-like substance in any other parts of the body. (artisanhearing.com)
Organ2
Mice homozygous for a targeted deletion in a-tectorin have tectorial membranes that are detached from the cochlear epithelium and lack all noncollagenous matrix, but the architecture of the organ of Corti is otherwise normal. (brighton.ac.uk)
Tectorial" in anatomy means forming a cover. (wikipedia.org)
Protein1
Species diversity in the structure of zonadhesin, a sperm-specific membrane protein containing multiple cell adhesion molecule-like domains. (embl.de)
Waves3
Waves resonate at specific point on the (flexible) Basilar membrane (i.e. specific anatomical site is associated with maximal displacement of membrane). (powershow.com)
The latter (about three centimeters long) directs sound waves to the eardrum [ 5 ], a thin membrane that is constantly under the impact of sound vibrations. (neuromatiq.com)
Mice1
In transgenic mice with the Y1870C mutation in Tecta, the tectorial membrane's matrix structure is disrupted, and its adhesion zone is reduced in thickness. (brighton.ac.uk)
Mechanical2
Due to the increased structural complexity of the TM relative to other acellular gels (such as the otolithic membranes), its mechanical properties are consequently significantly more complex. (wikipedia.org)
What really intrigued scientists was how the membrane provides mechanical filtering that can decipher and delineate between sounds. (artisanhearing.com)
Tissue3
VWF mediates the adhesion of platelets to sites of vascular damage by binding to specific platelet membrane glycoproteins and to constituents of exposed connective tissue. (embl.de)
This membrane is frequently displaced during tissue preparation and, therefore, is not always seen in its proper location. (digitalhistology.org)
They are made up of connective tissue that binds it to the posteriorly located dura mater - the outermost membrane covering and enclosing the spinal cord . (anatomy.app)
Threshold1
it will move the membrane potential further away from threshold for AP. (freezingblue.com)
Canal2
Basilar membrane of the median canal b. (respaper.com)
Tectorial membrane of the median canal c. (respaper.com)
Sound1
Researchers observed that different frequencies of sound reacted differently to the amplification produced by the membrane. (artisanhearing.com)
Result1
Another MIT scientist has long thought tectorial membrane exploration could result in new hearing aid designs that offer better speech recognition for wearers. (artisanhearing.com)
Water1
Reid said, "The CymaScope imaging technique substitutes a circular water membrane for the dolphin's tectorial, gel-like membrane and a camera for the dolphin's brain. (speakdolphin.com)
Major2
Glycoprotein GP2, the major component of pancreatic secretory granule membranes. (expasy.org)
Chicken β-tectorin, a major glycoprotein of avian tectorial membrane. (expasy.org)