• The above market drivers have led to the rise in usage of several ABPM devices such as The Welch Allyn ABPM, contec abpm50, tm 2430 blood pressure monitor, Oscar 2 ambulatory blood pressure monitor, Omron ambulatory blood pressure monitor, Holter bp monitor, space labs 90217 ABPM, etc. which is accelerating the overall market growth significantly. (strategicmarketresearch.com)
  • The sensor is intended for two proposed designs for the ambulatory blood pressure monitor (ABPM). (medgadget.com)
  • Using a Holter ABPM is becoming increasingly popular in general practices, because, in comparision to conventional blood pressure monitors, this type of technique provides more detailed information. (ambulatorybloodpressuremonitor.com)
  • Using a Holter ABPM may seem to be costly at first sight, but the device pays for itself as ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is a reimbursable proceedure. (ambulatorybloodpressuremonitor.com)
  • The present work represents an updated schematic summary of the most important aspects related to the use of ABPM in daily practice, and is aimed at providing recommendations for proper use of this technique in a clinical setting by both specialists and practicing physicians. (unimib.it)
  • His current research focuses on incorporating ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) to gauge a subject's blood pressure for a 24-hour period. (berksweekly.com)
  • Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) is a continuous blood pressure recording over a 24-hr period to assess the pattern of variability in arterial blood pressure during rest and exercise. (innovaspace.org)
  • Therefore, it would seem that these ABPM devices have a very useful role to play in detecting the blood pressure changes that occur during the stressful and hostile situations found during space missions. (innovaspace.org)
  • These methods often involve an interface with health care professionals and frequently results are tarnished by a list of factors including variability in the individual's blood pressure, technical inaccuracies, anxiety of the patient, recent ingestion of pressor substances, and talking, amongst many other factors. (wikipedia.org)
  • ECG Holter monitoring and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring are essential diagnostic tools used to assess heart rhythm and blood pressure patterns over an extended period. (doctorsclinicdubai.ae)
  • If you are searching for a cardiologist and ECG test in Dubai, UAE, understanding the significance of ECG Holter monitoring and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is crucial. (doctorsclinicdubai.ae)
  • ECG Holter monitoring involves wearing a portable device that continuously records your heart's electrical activity for 24 to 48 hours or longer. (doctorsclinicdubai.ae)
  • When are ECG Holter Monitoring and Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Needed? (doctorsclinicdubai.ae)
  • If you experience symptoms such as palpitations, dizziness, or fainting spells, an ECG Holter monitor can help identify any abnormal heart rhythms. (doctorsclinicdubai.ae)
  • For patients with known heart conditions or those undergoing treatment, ECG Holter monitoring and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring can assess the response to medications and interventions. (doctorsclinicdubai.ae)
  • Schedule your consultation for ECG Holter monitoring and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring today to receive accurate diagnoses and personalized treatment plans. (doctorsclinicdubai.ae)
  • A Holter is a portable electrocardiography device used for cardiac monitoring (tracking heart's rhythms) for 24 to 48 hours. (sakraworldhospital.com)
  • However all published trials on the consequences of high blood pressure and the benefits of treating, are based on one-time measurement in clinical settings rather than the generally lower readings obtained from ambulatory recordings. (wikipedia.org)
  • In this study, we compared OBP30 with routine office blood pressure (OBP) readings for different indications in primary care and evaluated how OBP30 influenced the medication prescribing of family physicians. (annfammed.org)
  • CONCLUSIONS OBP30 yields considerably lower blood pressure readings than OBP in all studied patient groups. (annfammed.org)
  • 5 OBP30 is performed with the patient sitting alone and undisturbed during 30 minutes while the blood pressure is measured automatically every 5 minutes, producing 7 readings. (annfammed.org)
  • The resulting OBP30 is the mean of the last 6 blood pressure readings. (annfammed.org)
  • Therefore, this study was designed to compare OBP30 with routine office blood pressure (OBP) readings for different indications in primary health care and to evaluate how OBP30 influenced the medication prescribed by family physicians. (annfammed.org)
  • Introducing the CheckMe BP2 Blood Pressure Monitor -your go-to device for accurate and hassle-free readings. (theemtspot.com)
  • In a study from the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, researchers found something interesting about blood pressure readings. (theemtspot.com)
  • To outline the main takeaways from the specification profile, OMRON's 3 Series blood pressure wrist cuff combines simplicity with a one-touch design, allowing users to store up to 60 blood pressure readings while also alerting them to any irregular heartbeats detected. (healthnews.com)
  • This wrist BP cuff by Generation Guard can measure blood pressure, providing systolic and diastolic readings, as well as heart rate, and it includes the added benefit of an irregular heartbeat detector. (healthnews.com)
  • Our discussions included plans to review reports and schedule return visits for patients with elevated in-office blood pressure readings, yet I questioned whether we were acting on the right data. (mortgageinsurancecenter.com)
  • However, the specifications for the CQMs that determined our performance did not allow for inclusion of most home blood pressure readings. (mortgageinsurancecenter.com)
  • Because blood pressure (BP) readings vary by measurement technique, diagnostic criteria are specific to the technique ( Table 1 ) . (aafp.org)
  • out-of-office readings using 12- to 24-hour ambulatory or home BP monitoring provide the best guidance. (medscape.com)
  • BP readings obtained with this method are 5 to 10 mm Hg lower than with techniques that involve a clinician, and they more closely reflect out-of-office readings. (medscape.com)
  • In contrast, new onset of elevated blood pressure readings after 20 weeks' gestation mandates the consideration and exclusion of preeclampsia . (medscape.com)
  • The patient's daytime ambulatory blood pressure is used as a reference as it takes into account ordinary levels of daily stress. (wikipedia.org)
  • Daytime ambulatory values, despite taking into account stresses of everyday life when taken during the patient's daily routine, are still susceptible to the effects of daily variables such as physical activity, stress and duration of sleep. (wikipedia.org)
  • The means of the systolic and diastolic blood pressures, mean arterial pressure, and pulse pressure for 24 hours, taken during the daytime (6 AM-10 PM) and night (10 PM-6 AM) periods were determined. (edu.au)
  • During sleep, blood pressure in most people is between 10% and 20% lower than the mean daytime value. (cardioprotect.gr)
  • Cardiac specialists use the latest technology and techniques to diagnose and treat various forms of cardiovascular disease. (thocc.org)
  • Cardiac output and stroke volume are assessed non-invasively using inert gas rebreathing technique and blood pressure measured using specialised BP monitor. (cam.ac.uk)
  • The greater the blood volume, the higher the cardiac output. (innovaspace.org)
  • As the central blood volume increases, there is an increase in cardiac output. (innovaspace.org)
  • In the space environment, simultaneous to the increased cardiac output, arterial blood pressure either remains the same or is slightly decreased. (innovaspace.org)
  • 1. Office blood pressure is above 140/90 mmHg at least three office visits with two independent measurement made at each visit. (ambulatorybloodpressuremonitor.com)
  • 2. Minimum two documented blood pressure measurements taken outside the office environment which are above 140/90 mmHg. (ambulatorybloodpressuremonitor.com)
  • Here is a set-by-step procedure to follow when you figure out you have a blood pressure of 152/86 mmHg. (theemtspot.com)
  • If your blood is 152 over 86 mmHg and you have checked the same in your home setup, it is highly recommended to get it checked at your doctor's office. (theemtspot.com)
  • With a specification profile that can provide measurement in both millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and kilopascals (kPa), Generation Guard's Clinical Wrist Blood Pressure Monitor promises to make blood pressure monitoring at home effortless. (healthnews.com)
  • Since ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in a cross-over trial design can reliably detect differences of 5 mmHg with less than 20 subjects, we have used this technique to assess the dose-response curve of a new beta-blocker, carvedilol. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Twenty subjects were enrolled after diagnostic ambulatory BP monitoring had shown a day-time average diastolic BP of over 90 mmHg. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) CQM, " Controlling High Blood Pressure ," which measures the proportion of hypertensive patients with a blood pressure less than 140/90 mmHg during the monitoring period, has only been amended in 2022 to include blood pressure measurements obtained by remote monitoring devices and conveyed to the clinician. (mortgageinsurancecenter.com)
  • Typically, a dog's blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and is represented as two values: systolic pressure over diastolic pressure. (tryfi.com)
  • Generally, the systolic pressure (the higher number) should range from 110 to 160 mmHg, while the diastolic pressure (the lower number) should be between 60 and 90 mmHg. (tryfi.com)
  • Methods: Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure recording was performed on 38 patients with normal-tension glaucoma and on 46 with primary open-angle glaucoma. (edu.au)
  • A substantial barrier to the clinical adoption of cuffless blood pressure (BP) monitoring techniques is the lack of unified error standards and methods of estimating measurement uncertainty. (nature.com)
  • Despite the advantages of cuffless BP monitoring, it has yet to be adopted clinically because of concerns over accuracy of the methods, minimal validation on clinically-relevant data sets, and the lack of a quantifiable uncertainty metric. (nature.com)
  • Studies of new statistical methodology including experimental tests of new survey methods, studies of vital statistics collection methods, new analytical techniques, objective evaluations of reliability of collected data, and contributions to statistical theory. (cdc.gov)
  • METHODS: Participants aged 18 years and older (n = 4,689) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2017-2018) had their blood pressure (BP) measured following two protocols: the legacy auscultation protocol [AP] and oscillometric protocol [OP]. The order of protocols was randomly assigned. (cdc.gov)
  • All nocturnal pressure parameters (except pulse pressure) were lower in the 37 patients with progressive field defects compared with the 15 patients whose pressure parameters were stable, whereas the systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure dips were significantly larger (systolic dip, P = 0.001). (edu.au)
  • In combination with measurement of mean arterial pressure (from PWA), the peripheral vascular resistance can be calculated. (cam.ac.uk)
  • The diastolic function about the indices of NT-proBNP, E / e ′, e ′ was improved in the decreasing HR group, the decreasing mean arterial pressure (MAP) group, and the HFPEF group, correspondingly compared to the nondecreasing HR group, the non-decreasing MAP group, and the preoperative normal diastolic function group. (hindawi.com)
  • In the case of periodic non-invasive monitoring, and occluding upper arm cuff is most commonly used. (strategicmarketresearch.com)
  • They are: (a) an oscillometric cuff design (as a Korotkoff sound sensor) and (b) the blood flow velocity design. (medgadget.com)
  • Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, on the other hand, involves wearing a portable blood pressure cuff that automatically measures your blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. (doctorsclinicdubai.ae)
  • While the blood pressure wrist cuff market is flooded with options, making it no easy feat to find the ideal match for you, we have narrowed our list down to these 5 picks from Amazon, which we deem the best wrist blood pressure monitors currently available. (healthnews.com)
  • Engineered for those who prioritize simplicity and accuracy, the OMRON 3 Series Wrist Blood Pressure Monitor establishes itself as the premier wrist cuff among the options on our list. (healthnews.com)
  • So not only will we have better information that for the vast majority of Americans without heart disease patients, Order Tenoretic Brand Cheap , but this particular trial has doctor diagnose the cause of your low blood disease but are at higher risk may benefit cuff that is too small, Order Tenoretic Brand Cheap , placing the cuff over clothing, and introduction of operator biases through. (mooncarecenter.com)
  • Cuffless BP estimation, a method that relies on the information encoded in proxy physiological signals, generally electrocardiography (ECG) and/or photoplethysmography (PPG), coupled with a surrogate model, has the potential to continuously monitor BP less invasively than traditional cuff-based systems. (nature.com)
  • A newly designed circuit which reduces the influence of the external light, a high-speed cuff pressure controller, and a digital filtering technique for the measurement of pulsatile admittance signal were embedded in the new cardiovascular monitoring system based on the volume-compensation and the electrical admittance method. (nii.ac.jp)
  • The nurse was using a sphygmomanometer, consisting of a pressurized cuff encircling the patient's right upper arm, and a monitor indicating changes in pressure within the cuff. (cdc.gov)
  • These same hormones can also affect blood pressure by promoting the constriction of blood vessels and increasing the retention of sodium and water in the body. (physics-network.org)
  • By blocking the production of prostaglandins, aspirin can reduce inflammation and promote vasodilation (widening of blood vessels), which can help lower blood pressure by reducing resistance to blood flow. (physics-network.org)
  • But the head-to-foot blood pressure gradient that exists on Earth is removed, thereby dilating the arterial resistance vessels and reducing systemic vascular resistance. (innovaspace.org)
  • Cardiologists are doctors who diagnose, assess and treat patients with diseases and defects of the heart and blood vessels (the cardiovascular system). (umchltd.com)
  • It is an imaging technique that uses X-rays to view the inside or lumen of blood vessels and organs of the body. (sakraworldhospital.com)
  • Peripheral angioplasty is a minimally invasive procedure used to re-open blood vessels to allow oxygen-rich blood to pass through smoothly. (sakraworldhospital.com)
  • Peritoneal dialysis (PD) removes waste and extra fluid through the blood vessels that line the walls of your abdomen. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The waste and fluid passes from your blood vessels through the peritoneum and into the solution. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Endothelial function can be assessed non-invasively using the technique of flow mediated dilatation (FMD), where endothelium-dependent dilatation in the brachial artery is assessed during reactive hyperaemia in response to 5 minute arterial occlusion and endothelium-independent dilatation in response to sublingual glyceryl trinitrate, using high-resolution vascular ultrasound and a real-time analyser that measures arterial diameter and Doppler flow. (cam.ac.uk)
  • It can be reduced (but not eliminated) with automated blood pressure measurements over 15 to 20 minutes in a quiet part of the office or clinic. (wikipedia.org)
  • We focused on wrist blood pressure monitors equipped with memory functions, allowing for the storage and monitoring of blood pressure measurements over time. (healthnews.com)
  • Subjects were visited at home where a questionnaire was administered, anthropometric measurements made, blood pressures taken (including by the subject), and sensors applied for a subsequent overnight sleep study. (bmj.com)
  • the last two of these derived from measurements of pulse transit time (indirect beat to beat blood pressure). (bmj.com)
  • PM and health because the epidemiological studies that rely on area measurements from central ambient air quality monitors to assign `personal' exposures are subject to exposure misclassification [8]. (cdc.gov)
  • At DCDC Cardiology Clinic in Dubai, UAE, our expert cardiologists utilize these advanced monitoring techniques to provide accurate diagnoses and personalized care. (doctorsclinicdubai.ae)
  • 2010), whereas cutting back on alcohol, according to a study in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, can lower blood pressure (Whelton et al. (mensxp.com)
  • Combination of non-invasive diagnostic techniques in clinical practice of cardiology. (hoppalmihaly.hu)
  • Assess patient's risk before prescribing, and monitor regularly for these behaviors and conditions. (nih.gov)
  • She was using a stethoscope in order to listen for, and record the sounds indicative of the high (systolic), and low (diastolic) pressure values, used to measure a patient's blood pressure. (cdc.gov)
  • In addition to the prediction of cardiovascular risk, ambulatory blood-pressure monitoring, when used in conjunction with clinic blood-pressure assessments, is of potential value in a variety of other clinical conditions. (medicalcriteria.com)
  • We will suggest that reliance upon casual clinic blood pressure determination has contributed to an overemphasis upon those who respond with an acute rise in BP to an atypical psychosocial situation, that of the doctor's (or other health professional's) office. (cdc.gov)
  • The purpose of the piezo film pulse sensor project is to identify and build a reliable, low power, low cost blood flow sensor. (medgadget.com)
  • The data show that piezo film can simultaneously monitor two pulse signals located at a fixed distance from each other. (medgadget.com)
  • Aktiia SA has developed a noninvasive cuffless BP monitor ( Fig. 1 ) that is intended to measure optical photo-plethysmographic (PPG) signals on the wrist and to calculate systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) values using pulse wave analysis technique. (lww.com)
  • Ingredients This almonds and milk is a combination effects of a pulse Optimal blood pressure is including plexiform lesions. (mooncarecenter.com)
  • demonstrated that the extracted features from ECG and two pulse pressure waveform (or two PPG) signals using their algorithm for BP estimation lead to 1.5% improvement in accuracy when compared with other state of the art algorithms 17 , 18 . (nature.com)
  • Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring enables the recording of the circadian rhythm of blood pressure under everyday circumstances, with the majority of individuals displaying diurnal variations in both systolic and diastolic blood pressures. (cardioprotect.gr)
  • Circadian variations in biochemical and physiological parameters help to explain the link between acute cardiovascular events and the early morning blood pressure surge. (cardioprotect.gr)
  • Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring may be particularly helpful in assessing the circadian pharmacodynamics of such antihypertensive drugs. (cardioprotect.gr)
  • It is unclear how the introduction of OBP30 influences blood pressure treatment in primary healthcare. (annfammed.org)
  • Also, the Healthcare Infrastructure and Healthcare expenditure has seen a massive uprise in the United States and other developing countries, which will create a good opportunity for substantial growth in the Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring Devices Market during the forecasted period. (strategicmarketresearch.com)
  • It is important to note that while aspirin may have potential benefits in blood pressure regulation, it should not replace other medical interventions such as lifestyle changes or medications prescribed by a healthcare provider. (physics-network.org)
  • They compared patients using a home blood pressure device and those wearing a 24-hour ambulatory monitor. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Oscar 2 Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring device has gained immense popularity in accurately measuring the blood pressure in patients and is likely to witness substantial growth in the future. (strategicmarketresearch.com)
  • The physiologic nocturnal blood pressure 'dip' may be exaggerated in some patients and may compromise local vascular supply. (edu.au)
  • Conclusion: The nocturnal reduction in blood pressure may be an additional risk factor in patients with glaucoma. (edu.au)
  • This regular monitoring, in conjunction with the care provided by your doctor, supports patients in managing their diabetes. (centrallambtonfamilyhealthteam.com)
  • In any case, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring may have utility in gauging the overall blood pressure load when patients are up during the day The discomfort may feel like pressure, squeezing, fullness the person or help arrives, whichever comes first. (mooncarecenter.com)
  • Blood Pressure in Chronic Kidney Disease for patients not preparation and measurement protocols adhered to by receiving dialysis represents an update to the KDIGO patients and clinicians. (bvsalud.org)
  • The burden of the pressure targets, lifestyle interventions, antihypertensive recommendations on patients and resources, public medications, and specific management in kidney policy implications, and limitations of the evidence are transplant recipients and children. (bvsalud.org)
  • Henry Heimlich invented the Micro Trach portable oxygen system, which is designed for ambulatory patients who require supplemental oxygen. (letsquiz.com)
  • After starting medication, target blood pressure is less than 140/90 mm Hg within three months, and after three months reduce target to less than 130/80 mm Hg in patients younger than 65 years. (aafp.org)
  • It also helps control blood pressure in women with preeclampsia by alleviating labor pain, and it blunts the hemodynamic effects of uterine contractions and the associated pain response in patients with other medical complications. (medscape.com)
  • Researchers Peterson, Skramsted, and Glumac at the Phoenix Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitor Project, have successfully designed and tested a new non-invasive blood pressure monitoring device. (medgadget.com)
  • OMRON is one of the manufacturers featured in the US Blood Pressure Validated Device Listing (VDL) - a formal list of blood pressure monitors that meet the criteria for clinical accuracy. (healthnews.com)
  • What medical device did Henry Heimlich invent for draining blood and air from the chest cavity? (letsquiz.com)
  • This device helps to drain blood and air out of the chest cavity, making it an essential tool in the treatment of certain chest injuries and conditions. (letsquiz.com)
  • To ensure accurate HBPM, the AHA, AMA , ESH , and CDC all offer similar guidance on device selection, technique, and monitoring schedule as summarized in exhibit 1. (mortgageinsurancecenter.com)
  • Importantly, the CQM specifications also do not capture whether the measurement is obtained with a validated device or accept submission of an average home blood pressure despite HBPM guidelines recommending clinical decision making based on this calculation. (mortgageinsurancecenter.com)
  • Using the new monitoring system, cardiovascular parameters were successfully monitored on the subjects during their daily life activities. (nii.ac.jp)
  • Initial studies conducted on astronauts have shown that ambulatory blood pressure equipment can detect the increase and decrease of blood pressure before, during and after spaceflight. (innovaspace.org)
  • Personal monitoring can substantially reduce exposure misclassification and improve the power to detect relationships between particulate pollution and adverse health outcomes. (cdc.gov)
  • According to a CDC report, around 45% of adult population in US has a blood pressure reading higher than 140/90, which is roughly around 37 million people. (theemtspot.com)
  • This monitoring method provides a comprehensive profile of your blood pressure patterns, helping your cardiologist assess your cardiovascular health. (doctorsclinicdubai.ae)
  • The objective of this study (NCT04027777) was to assess the accuracy and precision of the Aktiia Bracelet, a CE-marked noninvasive optical blood pressure (BP) monitor worn at the wrist, over a period of 1 month. (lww.com)
  • Therefore, a doctor has to assess it over the course of 7 - 30 days periodically before he/she can confirm the accurate stage of your blood pressure. (theemtspot.com)
  • Our cardiologists carefully analyze the monitoring data, providing precise assessments and diagnoses. (doctorsclinicdubai.ae)
  • Experience top-quality care, advanced monitoring techniques, and precise assessments for your cardiovascular health. (doctorsclinicdubai.ae)
  • Antihypertensive drugs that provide blood pressure control at the time of the early morning surge should provide greater protection against target-organ damage and enhance patient prognosis. (cardioprotect.gr)
  • Remote patient-monitoring codes that have evolved over the past several years since they were introduced by CMS in 2017 are also based on policies that contradict guidelines. (mortgageinsurancecenter.com)
  • This image depicts a female nurse in the process of conducting a blood pressure examination upon a seated female patient in a clinical setting. (cdc.gov)
  • Local guidelines should be followed regarding patient or identified in Wuhan is evolving, WHO continues to monitor guardian's informed consent for specimen collection, testing developments and will revise these recommendations as and potentially future research. (who.int)
  • The technique has demonstrated, for example, a significantly greater reduction in blood pressure for the last 6 h of the 24-h dosing interval with telmisartan compared with valsartan. (cardioprotect.gr)
  • So, what is the reason for the systemic vasodilatation leading to a reduction in blood pressure in space? (innovaspace.org)
  • Guideline recommendations are blood pressure target of less than 120 mm Hg using based on systematic reviews of relevant studies and standardized office reading for most people with chronic appraisal of the quality of the evidence. (bvsalud.org)
  • The scope includes topics useful resource with actionable recommendations covered in the original guideline, such as optimal blood supplemented with practice points. (bvsalud.org)
  • It is a minimally invasive technique to repair an aortic aneurysm (abnormal bulge in the aorta) using stent graft. (sakraworldhospital.com)
  • The blood pressure parameters of the normal-tension glaucoma and primary open- angle glaucoma groups did not differ significantly. (edu.au)
  • If you have been searching for the best wrist blood pressure monitor to keep track of your health, chances are you have noticed that selecting one is a complex and time-consuming procedure, with various puzzling parameters, features, and price considerations to contend with. (healthnews.com)
  • As a result, more stable and reliable monitoring of the cardiovascular hemodynamic parameters were made on a beat-by-beat basis under various ambulatory situations. (nii.ac.jp)
  • The most common measure of blood pressure is taken from a noninvasive instrument called a sphygmomanometer. (wikipedia.org)
  • central systolic, diastolic and mean pressure and, augmentation index which is a composite measure of arterial stiffness and wave reflection. (cam.ac.uk)
  • According to a study in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, thyroid issues can be treated to help decrease blood pressure (Kang et al. (mensxp.com)
  • Intracranial endovascular cerebrovascular interventions treat cerebrovascular diseases by use of minimally invasive intravascular techniques. (medicalcriteria.com)
  • It is a minimally invasive technique used to restore blood flow through the artery. (sakraworldhospital.com)
  • Minimally invasive techniques utilizing fluoroscopy are routinely performed there as well. (vcacanada.com)