• The combination of atovaquone and proguanil is used to treat a certain kind of malaria infection (a serious infection that is spread by mosquitoes in certain parts of the world and can cause death) and to prevent a certain kind of malaria infection in travelers who visit areas where malaria is common. (medlineplus.gov)
  • If you are taking atovaquone and proguanil to prevent malaria, you will probably start taking it once daily 1 or 2 days before you travel to an area where malaria is common, and then continue during your time in the area and for 7 days after you return. (medlineplus.gov)
  • If you are taking atovaquone and proguanil to treat malaria, you will probably take it once daily for 3 days in a row. (medlineplus.gov)
  • you should know that atovaquone and proguanil decreases your risk of becoming infected with malaria but does not guarantee that you will not become infected. (medlineplus.gov)
  • If you are taking atovaquone and proguanil to prevent malaria, call your doctor immediately if you develop any of these symptoms. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Atovaquone and proguanil hydrochloride has not been evaluated for the treatment of cerebral malaria or other severe manifestations of complicated malaria. (nih.gov)
  • Fewer than 25 cases of falciparum malaria that failed to respond to atovaquone-proguanil (A-P) have been noted in published articles since the 1996 registration of Malarone (GlaxoSmithKline, Marly-le-Roi, France) ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Participants were randomized to receive chloroquine alone or combined with artesunate, azithromycin or atovaquone-proguanil for all episodes of uncomplicated malaria for one year. (emmes.com)
  • Malaria incidence (95% confidence interval) was 0.59 (.46-.74), .61 (.49-.76), .63 (.50-.79) and .68 (.54-.86) episodes/person-year for group randomized to receive chloroquine alone or in combination with artesunate, azithromycin or atovaquone-proguanil respectively and the differences were not statistically significant. (emmes.com)
  • Atovaquone Proguanil tablets malaria. (medicomart.com)
  • Atovaquone/Proguanil tablet is the generic form of a daily malaria prevention treatment you may have heard of called Malarone, or the over-the-counter version, Maloff Protect. (treated.com)
  • Proguanil can work by itself against malaria, but it also enhances the job of atovaquone, which is why they're most effective combined as a treatment against malaria. (treated.com)
  • Proguanil, also known as chlorguanide and chloroguanide, is a medication used to treat and prevent malaria. (wikipedia.org)
  • Proguanil is used for the prevention and treatment of malaria in both adults and children, particularly in areas where chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum malaria has been reported. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nakato, H, Vivancos, R & Hunter, PR 2007, ' A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness and safety of atovaquone proguanil (Malarone) for chemoprophylaxis against malaria ', Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy , vol. 60, no. 5, pp. 929-936. (uea.ac.uk)
  • Limited experience at present on drug interactions of artemether/lumefantrine and atovaquone/proguanil with other antimalarial drugs. (myhealth.gov.my)
  • The atovaquone-proguanil (AP) drug combination, is one of the treatment and prophylaxis options. (unl.pt)
  • It was recently shown that atovaquone prophylaxis can lead to the selection of specific P. jirovecii CYB mutants potentially resistant to atovaquone among organ transplant recipients. (bvsalud.org)
  • Atovaquone in conjunction with pyrimethamine (and leucovorin), atovaquone in conjunction with sulfadiazine, or atovaquone alone are alternative regimens for treatment of toxoplasmosis † [off-label] in HIV-infected adults and adolescents when regimen of choice and preferred alternative cannot be used. (drugs.com)
  • Atovaquone used alone is one of several alternatives recommended by CDC, NIH, and IDSA for treatment of mild to moderate PCP in HIV-infected adults and adolescents when co-trimoxazole cannot be used. (drugs.com)
  • Although efficacy and safety not established in pediatric patients and data limited regarding use in children, CDC, NIH, IDSA, and AAP state atovaquone also can be considered an alternative for treatment of mild to moderate PCP in HIV-infected children † [off-label] when co-trimoxazole cannot be used. (drugs.com)
  • The mutations C431T (Ala144Val) and C823T (Leu275Phe) at the cytochrome b (CYB) active site of Pneumocystis jirovecii are associated with patient prior exposure to atovaquone. (bvsalud.org)
  • Tell your doctor and pharmacist what prescription and nonprescription medications, vitamins, nutritional supplements, and herbal products you are taking or plan to take while taking atovaquone and proguanil. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The study provided the first comprehensive data on the use of atovaquone/proguanil to travelers. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • Well-documented cases that were not attributed to suboptimal dosage or impaired bioavailability essentially due to vomiting, diarrhea, or both, showed atovaquone-resistant parasites in the recrudescent isolate, with Y268S or Y268N cytochrome b mutations ( 2 - 10 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Separately, atovaquone works to stop the flow of electrons, which disrupts cellular processes, while proguanil stops the function of an enzyme called dihydrofolate reductase that helps make molecules for the parasite's DNA. (treated.com)
  • Proguanil inhibits the critical enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. (canadapharmacy.com)
  • Atovaquone (ATQ) exerts its action by inhibiting plasmodial mitochondria electron transport at the level of the cytochrome bc1 complex. (unl.pt)
  • Atovaquone may inhibit metabolic enzymes, which in turn inhibits the growth of microorganisms. (medscape.com)
  • High-performance liquid chromatography on day 3 of treatment (performed 20 h after the last drug intake) showed an atovaquone plasma concentration of 3.1 μg/mL. (cdc.gov)
  • Proguanil lowers the effective concentration of atovaquone needed to increase permeability of the mitochondrial membrane. (wikipedia.org)
  • For atovaquone, the available data showed a lower maximum concentration and exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Finally, the maximum concentration of cycloguanil, the active metabolite of proguanil, was significantly lower, possibly compromising the efficacy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Proguanil is converted by the liver to its active metabolite, cycloguanil. (wikipedia.org)
  • Both missense mutations C431T (Ala144Val) and C823T (Leu275Phe), located at the Qo active site of the enzyme, were significantly associated with prior atovaquone exposure, these mutations being conversely incidental in the absence of prior atovaquone exposure (P (bvsalud.org)
  • you should plan what to do in case you experience serious side effects from atovaquone and proguanil and have to stop taking the medication, especially if you are not near a doctor or pharmacy. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Atovaquone and proguanil may cause side effects. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Proguanil is generally well tolerated, and most people do not experience side effects. (wikipedia.org)
  • Taking proguanil with food may lessen these side effects. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some side effects of atovaquone / proguanil may occur that usually do not need medical attention . (drugs.com)
  • In general, side effects associated with the use of atovaquone-proguanil have been mild. (drugs.com)
  • Hematologic side effects including neutropenia , anemia (rarely), and pancytopenia in patients with severe renal impairment treated with proguanil have been reported during the postmarketing experience. (drugs.com)
  • In the United States and Canada it is only available in combination as atovaquone/proguanil. (wikipedia.org)
  • Missense mutations due to atovaquone selective pressure have been identified on cytochrome b (CYB) gene of P. jirovecii. (bvsalud.org)
  • These images are a random sampling from a Bing search on the term "Atovaquone. (fpnotebook.com)
  • If needed, primaquine can be taken for 14 days starting during the last week of treatment with atovaquone/proguanil or starting immediately after you have finished treatment. (alberta.ca)
  • When using atovaquone/proguanil for treatment, tell your doctor if your condition lasts or gets worse. (alberta.ca)
  • Atovaquone/Proguanil is also available in a lower dose, so children can be protected as well. (treated.com)
  • Persistence: It can not be ruled out that atovaquone is persistence because data is missing. (janusinfo.se)
  • Risk of environmental impact of atovaquone cannot be excluded, since there is not sufficient ecotoxicity data available. (janusinfo.se)
  • In this context, our objectives were to provide data on P. jirovecii CYB mutants and the putative selective pressure exerted by atovaquone on P. jirovecii organisms in France. (bvsalud.org)