Systematics mitochondrial ribosomal rna. Medical search. Frequent questions

The sources of genome expansion include group I introns and accessory genes encoding putative homing endonucleases, DNA and RNA polymerases (presumed to be of plasmid origin) and hypothetical proteins. (umd.edu)
Despite the conservation of the core genes, the mitochondrial genomes of Aspergillus and Penicillium species examined here exhibit significant amount of interspecies variation. (umd.edu)
Most of this variation can be attributed to accessory genes and mobile introns, presumably acquired by horizontal gene transfer of mitochondrial plasmids and intron homing. (umd.edu)
The potential use of mitochondrial ribosomal genes (12S and 16S) in DNA barcoding and phylogenetic analysis of trematodes. (ox.ac.uk)
BackgroundGenetic markers like the nuclear ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, internal transcribed spacer regions, mitochondrial protein-coding genes, and genomes have been utilized for molecular identification of parasitic trematodes. (ox.ac.uk)
This study presented novel and broadly applicable primers using the mitochondrial 12S and 16S rRNA genes for Digenea and aimed to show their suitability as alternative genetic markers for molecular identification of orders Plagiorchiida, Echinostomida, and Strigeida.ResultsOur results revealed that the mitochondrial 12S and 16S rRNA genes are suitable for trematode molecular identification, with sufficient resolution to discriminate closely related species and achieve accurate species identification through phylogenetic placements. (ox.ac.uk)
The convenience and applicability of the newly designed primers and adequate genetic variation of the mitochondrial rRNA genes can be useful as complementary markers for trematode molecular-based studies.ConclusionsWe demonstrated that the mitochondrial rRNA genes could be alternative genetic markers robust for trematode molecular identification and potentially helpful for DNA barcoding where our primers can be widely applied across the major Digenea orders. (ox.ac.uk)
Furthermore, the potential of the mitochondrial rRNA genes for molecular systematics can be explored, enhancing their appeal for trematode molecular-based studies. (ox.ac.uk)
The novelty of utilizing the mitochondrial rRNA genes and the designed primers in this study can potentially open avenues for species identification, discovery, and systematics in the future. (ox.ac.uk)
Two new species belonging to the Echinoderes coulli group are described with their external morphologies and sequences of nuclear 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA genes, and mitochondrial COI gene. (pensoft.net)
To address these issues, single gene (usually the nuclear ribosomal small subunit gene) and mitochondrial gene phylogenies have been used, but the information contained within the sequence of these genes is not enough to resolve the topological relationships between clades that emerged during rapid cladogenesis. (bl.uk)
The genome contains 92 protein-coding genes, 36 transfer RNA genes, eight ribosomal RNA genes, and two pseudogenes. (e-kjpt.org)
The whole mitogenome of O. conispadiceus is 16,027 basepairs (bp) in length with a base composition of 41.4% A, 34.8% T, 16.1% C, 7.7% G and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and a major non-coding region (MNR). (tonmo.com)
Here, we obtained samples from 30 localities distributed in the region and used molecular (12S and 16S mitochondrial genes) and morphological (penis) characters to investigate diversity of this poorly known fauna. (springeropen.com)
The genome contains the fewest genes of any angiosperm mitochondrial genome sequenced to date, with intact copies of only 25 of the 41 protein genes inferred to be present in the common ancestor of angiosperms. (biomedcentral.com)
These findings suggest a markedly expanded role for nuclear gene products in the translation of mitochondrial genes in S. latifolia and raise the possibility of altered selective constraints operating on the mitochondrial translational apparatus in this lineage. (biomedcentral.com)
Plant mitochondrial genomes contain genes for their own rRNA subunits as well as for some of the ribosomal proteins and tRNAs required for translation (Figure 1 ), but many necessary ribosomal protein and tRNA genes are located in the nuclear genome, so their gene products must be imported into the mitochondrion [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The application of outer membrane genes as markers for further delineating the systematics of recently diverged bacteria is discussed. (a-inhibitor.com)
The mitogenome is 16,401 bp in length and consisted of 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and a control region. (pensoft.net)
Distel, D. L., DeLong, E. F., and Waterbury, J. Epub … Bacterial Identification by 16S rRNA Gene Sequence Analysis Background All bacteria contain 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes of approximately 1500 base pairs (bp) in length. (printerresource.com)
rRNA genes contain regions of variable DNA sequence that are unique to the species carrying the … Ribosomal RNA is transcribed from ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and then bound to ribosomal proteins to form small and large ribosome subunits. (printerresource.com)
This new species can be distinguished from all congeners by significant divergences in the mitochondrial 16S rRNA and CO1 genes and by a combination of morphological characters: small body size, tympanum absent, parotoid glands small and olive-shaped, tarsal fold absent, dorsal body with a fine vertebral line and white nuptial spinules present on dorsal and inner surfaces of fingers I and II in males. (arphahub.com)

1998) Interordinal relationships of birds and other reptiles based on whole mitochondrial genomes. (wikipedia.org)
Their mitochondrial genomic sequences may hold vital clues into the mechanisms of their evolution, population genetics, and biology, yet only a handful of these genomes have been fully sequenced and annotated. (umd.edu)
Here we report the complete sequence and annotation of the mitochondrial genomes of six Aspergillus and three Penicillium species: A. fumigatus, A. clavatus, A. oryzae, A. flavus, Neosartorya fischeri (A. fischerianus), A. terreus, P. chrysogenum, P. marneffei, and Talaromyces stipitatus (P. stipitatum). (umd.edu)
The accompanying comparative analysis of these and related publicly available mitochondrial genomes reveals wide variation in size (25-36 Kb) among these closely related fungi. (umd.edu)
All of the sequenced genomes have a group I intron in the large ribosomal subunit RNA gene, suggesting that this intron is fixed in these species. (umd.edu)
The study expands the genomic resources available to fungal biologists by providing mitochondrial genomes with consistent annotations for future genetic, evolutionary and population studies. (umd.edu)
The mitochondrial genomes of flowering plants exhibit a number of characteristics that distinguish them from the mitochondrial genomes of other eukaryotes [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Angiosperm mitochondrial genomes also contain numerous introns, some of which have been split such that the resulting gene fragments must be transcribed separately and then trans- spliced together [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The size and complexity of plant mitochondrial genomes, especially when compared with animals and fungi, make them powerful models for exploring the forces affecting eukaryotic genome structure and evolution. (biomedcentral.com)
In this study we designed a set of PCR primers for the mitochondrial 12S ribosomal DNA sequence based on 64 complete mitochondrial genomes and then tested their efficacy. (lookformedical.com)
Alignment of sequences was performed for the excised mitochondrial 12S ribosomal DNA sequences, and conserved regions were identified for all 64 mitochondrial genomes. (lookformedical.com)
For this, we focus on the three main groups of CIEs: mitochondrial DNA, chloroplast DNA, and symbiont genomes. (nature.com)

Systematics of Round-Eared Bats (Tonatia and Lophostoma) Based on Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA Sequences. (xula.edu)
Within the Tonatia lineage, T. bidens and T. saurophila are sister taxa but are divergent for both nuclear and mitochondrial sequences. (xula.edu)
RNA-based phylogenetics methods: Application to mammalian mitochondrial RNA sequences. (man.ac.uk)
Sequences were gathered or generated for 53 nematode species from ESTs, gene predictions from full genome assemblies and transcripts from RNA-Seq experiments. (bl.uk)
2003. Molecular phylogeny of the stingless bees (Apidae, Apinae, Meliponini) inferred from mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences. (ugm.ac.id)
Methodology/Principal Findings A total of the 64 complete mitochondrial genome sequences representing all metazoan classes available in GenBank were downloaded using the NCBI Taxonomy Browser. (lookformedical.com)
A. Ribosomal RNA analysis StructRNAfinder - predicts and annotates RNA families in transcript or genome sequences. (printerresource.com)

We examined the systematics of round-eared bats (Tonatia and Lophostoma) using sequence data from the nuclear recombination activator gene-2 (Rag2) gene and the mitochondrial valine transfer RNA, 12S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and 16S rRNA. (xula.edu)
Both nuclear and mitochondrial data sets indicate substantial genetic divergence between Tonatia and Lophostoma, and neither data set unambiguously demonstrates monophyly of round-eared bats. (xula.edu)
In this study, we examined nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence variation of Angelica nitida, a perennial plant species that is endemic to alpine scree in the QinghaiTibetan Plateau. (kib.ac.cn)
1) "native" tRNAs encoded in the mitochondrial genome and inherited from the α-proteobacterial progenitor of mitochondria, 2) chloroplast-like tRNAs, which are also encoded in the mitochondrial genome but which were acquired by functional gene transfer from the chloroplast genome during land plant evolution, and 3) nuclear-encoded tRNAs imported from the cytosol. (biomedcentral.com)
Five major nuclear ribosomal repeats represent a large and variable fr by Michael S. Bobola, Dirk E. Smith et al. (lookformedical.com)
The nuclear ribosomal repeats for the 18S, 5.8S, and 26S RNAs of two closely related Picea (spruce) species were characterized by restriction mapping and Southern blot hybridization. (lookformedical.com)
Mitochondrial and nuclear markers were amplified and sequenced, and the hormogastrid phylogeny (using Bayesian and likelihood methods) and networks were investigated. (ucm.es)

2014. Molecular phylogeny of Malaysian stingless bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) revealed using partial 16s rRNA mitochondrial gene. (ugm.ac.id)
The phylogeny of the Caelifera, based on mitochondrial ribosomal RNA of thirty-two taxa in six out of seven superfamilies, is shown as a cladogram. (scientificlib.com)

1999) Primers for a PCR-based approach to mitochondrial genome sequencing in birds and other vertebrates. (wikipedia.org)
We randomly selected 8 chiggers for molecular identification using previously described 18S ribosomal RNA gene primers and PCR ( 12 ). (cdc.gov)

Despite clear records of its morphological structure, its genetics, systematics, and biology are poorly understood. (nature.com)

Furthermore, morphological conservation and a high rate of homoplasy have impeded the resolution of nematode systematics. (bl.uk)
However, DNA sequence outline is typically supportive in systematics, since it contains aspects that are absent from morphological research. (edu.iq)

2007. Mitochondrial and chloroplast phylogeography of Picea crassifolia Kom. (kib.ac.cn)
Divergence in one region of 18S rRNA appears to be the result of a gene conversion event, in which recombination with a homologous gene of chloroplast origin led to the complete replacement of a helix in this ribosomal RNA. (biomedcentral.com)

Mitochondrial gene loss and functional transfer to the nucleus is an ongoing process in many lineages of plants, resulting in substantial variation across species in mitochondrial gene content. (biomedcentral.com)

This study also includes a phylogenetic analysis based on 14 concatenated core mitochondrial proteins. (umd.edu)

By label-free liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, a total of 1,786 proteins were identified from the E. gracilis purified mitochondria, representing one of the largest mitochondrial proteomes so far described. (dundee.ac.uk)
As observed more broadly in angiosperms, ribosomal proteins have been especially prone to gene loss in the S. latifolia lineage. (biomedcentral.com)

The most widely understood role of RNA is in protein synthesis, which includes messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) (see Chapter 2). (printerresource.com)
Base modifications occur primarily in tRNA and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and occur after the RNA is transcribed. (printerresource.com)
Here, we show that mammalian cells critically depended on the editing of mitochondrial threonyl-tRNA synthetase (mtThrRS, encoded by ), disruption of which accumulated Ser-tRNA and generated a large abundance of Thr-to-Ser misincorporated peptides in vivo. (cnrs.fr)

Mindell's work is focused on the systematics, conservation and molecular evolution of birds, especially birds of prey. (wikipedia.org)
Mindell's research focuses on evolutionary biology, and specifically the evolution and molecular systematics of birds. (wikipedia.org)
Ribosomal RNA in vertebrates: evolution and phylogenetic applications. (wikipedia.org)
2021) Avian Molecular Evolution and Systematics (1997) ISBN 978-0124983151 The Evolving World: Evolution in Everyday Life. (wikipedia.org)
Compensatory neutral mutation and the evolution of RNA. (man.ac.uk)
Bayesian phylogenetics using an RNA substitution model applied to early mammalian evolution. (man.ac.uk)
Rna sequence evolution with secondary structure constraints: Comparison of substitution rate models using maximum likelyhood methods. (man.ac.uk)
This strongly suggests that the complex mechanisms of mitochondrial gene expression in diplonemids and kinetoplastids occurred late in euglenozoan evolution, arising independently. (dundee.ac.uk)

He has conducted comprehensive analyses of the systematics of diurnal birds of prey (hawks, eagles, falcons, vultures) in the orders Accipitriformes, Falconiformes and Cathartiformes. (wikipedia.org)
Some analyses of the mitochondrial and combined data sets indicate that round-eared bats may be paraphyletic relative to the genera Phyllostomus, Phylloderma, and Mimon. (xula.edu)

Gene expression also relies on extensive C-to-U (and sometimes U-to-C) RNA editing, in which substitution of specific pyrimidines in the mRNA sequence restores phylogenetically conserved codons [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

6. I want to study ribosomal RNA expression and potential processing sites in bacteria. (printerresource.com)
A., 1992, The use of 16S ribosomal RNA targeted oligonucleotide probes to study competition between ruminai fibrolytic bacteria. (printerresource.com)

Despite this apparent complexity, protein machinery responsible for the extensive RNA editing, splicing, and processing in the sister clades diplonemids and kinetoplastids is absent. (dundee.ac.uk)
The involvement of RNA in such fundamental processes as protein synthesis and RNA processing has led to the idea that ribozymes were more common in early life. (printerresource.com)

Vol 63: Ribosomal DNA Sequence Heterogeneity Reflects Intraspecies Phylogenies and Predicts Genome Structure in Two Contrasting. (lookformedical.com)

The completely sequenced S. fibuligera genome with high-quality annotation and RNA-Seq analysis establishes an important foundation for functional inference of S. fibuligera in the degradation of fermentation mash. (biomedcentral.com)

Wiley, E. O. (1981) Phylogenetics: The Theory and Practice of Phylogenetic Systematics. (berkeley.edu)

Wiley, E. O. (1975) Karl R. Popper, systematics, and classification: a reply to Walter Bock and other evolutionary taxonomists. (berkeley.edu)

Stevens, P. F. (1994) The development of biological systematics. (berkeley.edu)

This study aimed to determine the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of W. compar and reconstruct its phylogenetic relationship with other nematodes. (nature.com)
The complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) molecules of Homo and of the common chimpanzee were sequenced. (nih.gov)
In this paper, we determined the complete mitochondrial genome of Octopus conispadiceus (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae). (tonmo.com)
In this study, we report the first complete mitochondrial genome sequence from a member of this family, Silene latifolia . (biomedcentral.com)
In the present study, the complete mitochondrial genome of P. flavomaculatus was sequenced and analyzed. (pensoft.net)

Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial dna in humans and chimpanzees. (man.ac.uk)

1 Division of Evolutionary Molecular Systematics, University of Lund, Sweden. (nih.gov)
Evolutionary Systematics 2: 21-30. (scientificlib.com)

To such effect, I want to perform an RNA-Seq experiment in order to analyze potential rRNA transcripts isoforms and processing sites. (printerresource.com)

This study compares the results of aerobic culturing and molecular testing (culture-free 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing), and it examines the relative abundance score that is generated by the molecular test and the usefulness of the relative abundance score in predicting the likelihood that the same organism would be detected by culture. (lookformedical.com)

However, in many cases, the RNA needs further processing before it is functional. (printerresource.com)

Unlike microbial studies, where analysis of the 16S ribosomal DNA sequence is standard, the best gene for metazoan metagenetics is less clear. (lookformedical.com)
Reconstructed carbon and sulfur metabolic pathways, coupled with RNA-Seq analysis, suggested a marginal Crabtree effect under high glucose and activation of sulfur metabolism toward methionine biosynthesis under sulfur limitation in this yeast. (biomedcentral.com)

High apparent rate of simultaneous compensatory basepair substitutions in ribosomal RNA. (man.ac.uk)

Two other major roles for noncoding RNA are in genome defense and in genetic regulation. (printerresource.com)

By contrast, the alternative oxidase pathway and numerous ribosomal subunits presumed to be specific for parasitic trypanosomes are present in E. gracilis. (dundee.ac.uk)

Even assuming expanded wobble-pairing rules, the mitochondrial genome can support translation of only 17 of the 61 sense codons, which code for only 9 of the 20 amino acids. (biomedcentral.com)
However, whether mitochondrial translation needs fidelity and the significance of editing by mitochondrial aaRSs have been unclear. (cnrs.fr)
Such infidelity impaired mitochondrial translation and oxidative phosphorylation, causing oxidative stress and cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase. (cnrs.fr)

The numerous modified nucleotides in eukaryotic ribosomal RNA. (printerresource.com)

Anatomy2

Organisms6

Chemicals and Drugs19

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment2

Phenomena and Processes14

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Information Science5

Health Care1

Geographicals1

Genes22

Genomes12

Sequences7

Nuclear7

Phylogeny2

Primers2

Genetics1

Morphological2

Chloroplast2

Species1

Phylogenetic analysis1

Proteins2

TRNA3

Evolution8

Analyses2

MRNA1

Bacteria2

Protein2

Phylogenies1

Annotation1

Phylogenetics1

Classification1

19941

Complete5

Humans1

Evolutionary2

Transcripts1

Study1

Functional1

Analysis2

Apparent1

Major1

Contrast1

Translation3

Numerous1