We demonstrate that the GTPase Rem2 is regulated at the transcriptional level by calcium influx through L-VGCCs and inhibits dendritic arborization in cultured rat cortical neurons and in the Xenopus laevis tadpole visual system. (jneurosci.org)
Thus, our results demonstrate that changes in neuronal activity initiate competing signaling pathways that positively and negatively regulate the growth of the dendritic arbor. (jneurosci.org)
However, negative mediators of experience-dependent dendritic outgrowth that are activity regulated at the transcriptional level are less well understood. (jneurosci.org)
When exposed chronically to cocaine, mice lacking Kalirin 7, the major adult isoform, fail to show an increase in dendritic spine density in the nucleus accumbens, show diminished place preference for cocaine, and exhibit increased locomotor activity in response to cocaine. (biomedcentral.com)
MRNA1
The nature of imperfect binding specificity means that a single miRNA can regulate a large number of mRNA targets involved in complex cellular processes, thereby tightly controlling genetic networks during development and in response to stress ( Pocock, 2011 ). (elifesciences.org)
Pathways1
Molecular alterations involved in adult gliomas have been identified and mainly affect tyrosine kinase receptors with amplification and/or mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its associated signaling pathways. (bvsalud.org)
Isoforms3
CUX1 isoforms are transcription factors, whereas CASP are Golgi proteins that share with CUX1 the N-terminal region but not the DNA binding motifs [ 2 ]. (nature.com)
p200 CUX1 acts as a transcriptional repressor, whereas short CUX1 isoforms can activate or suppress transcription [ 1 , 3 ]. (nature.com)
Despite the expression of multiple Rho GDP/GTP exchange factors (GEFs) in the nervous system, the Kalrn gene, which encodes multiple isoforms of Kalirin, plays an essential, non-redundant role. (biomedcentral.com)
Expression1
Glia-derived tumor necrosis factor acts through its neuronal receptor to maintain calcium channel expression after injury. (bvsalud.org)
Family1
CP60 belongs to a family of transcription factors that contain the N-terminal MADF domain and the C-terminal BESS domain, which is characterized by the ability to homodimerize. (bvsalud.org)
Gene1
CP190 is an essential transcription factor and preferentially binds to housekeeping gene promoters and insulators through interactions with architectural proteins, including Su(Hw) and dCTCF. (bvsalud.org)
Synaptic1
Together, these findings indicate that tightly regulated circadian glucocorticoid oscillations are important for learning-dependent synaptic formation and maintenance. (nature.com)
Disease1
Different genetic and environmental factors contribute to disease etiology. (plos.org)
Loss2
Excessive glucocorticoid exposure during chronic stress causes synapse loss and learning impairment. (nature.com)
Thus, loss of MEF2 function in the Fragile X brain may lead to aberrations in reward processes. (fraxa.org)
Function3
Furthermore, our laboratory, in collaboration with the laboratory of Dr. Kimberly Huber (UT Southwestern Medical Center), has recently shown that Fragile X protein FMRP is required for the function of a transcription factor known as myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) in the control of synapse elimination (Pfeiffer et al. (fraxa.org)
This finding is potentially significant for reward function in Fragile X patients since our laboratory has previously characterized an important role for MEF2 in the control of spine density and behavioral alterations that accompany cocaine exposure (Pulipparacharuvil et al. (fraxa.org)
Our current goal is to elucidate the role of specific signaling pathways in these drug-related behavioral deficits, including to determine the role, if any, of known impairments in the Fragile X brain (e.g., lack of MEF2 function, impaired cAMP signaling and/or hypersensitivity of the mGluR5 pathway). (fraxa.org)