Symbiotic nitrogen. Medical search. Frequent questions

Plants in the legume family obtain much of the needed nitrogen through a symbiotic relationship with soil bacteria collectively called rhizobia. (usda.gov)
Presence of particular rhizobia causes formation of a unique structure on legume roots called nodules in which the bacteria reside and convert or "fix" nitrogen gas into compounds that can be transferred to the plant. (usda.gov)
The potential for the use of the legume-rhizobia symbiosis to increase biological nitrogen fixation and avenues for research are discussed. (intechopen.com)
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation by rhizobia takes place in specialized organs of legume host plants, the root nodules. (europa.eu)
While rather deep molecular insights into plant-rhizobia recognition, early nodule organogenesis, regulation of nodulation and nitrogen fixation are available, much less is known about how nodule integrity is maintained and the origin of the underlying morphogenetic program. (europa.eu)
This fungal association should not be confused with symbiotic relationships with soil bacteria called rhizobia which result in nitrogen-fixing nodules in leguminous crops. (rodaleinstitute.org)
Legumes such as soybean form symbiotic association with nitrogen-fixing rhizobia bacteria resulting in root nodules. (sdstate.edu)
Leguminous crops have a reputation for maintaining soil fertility since it can assimilate nitrogen from the atmosphere through symbiotic biological N 2 fixation (BNF) with Rhizobia [7]. (scirp.org)
Biological nitrogen fixation and improved nutrient uptake by the mutualistic symbioses between legumes and rhizobia and between cereals and mycorrhizae, respectively, are among the most well-characterized examples of plant growth-promoting microbial processes and have been successfully studied in both lab and field settings [ 16 ]. (nature.com)

They are under threat from excess nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), rising ocean heat content and acidification, overfishing (e.g., from blast fishing, cyanide fishing, spearfishing on scuba), sunscreen use, and harmful land-use practices, including runoff and seeps (e.g., from injection wells and cesspools). (wikipedia.org)
1980. Root growth and dry matter distribution of soybean as affected by phosphorus stress, nodulation, and nitrogen source. (hawaii.edu)
Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are the nutrients most likely to be limiting crop growth. (msu.edu)
We have used this approach to understand how symbiotic fungi provide phosphorus and nitrogen to their host bark beetles. (umt.edu)
Symbiotic nitrogen- (N) fixing trees can influence multiple biogeochemical cycles by fixing atmospheric N, which drives net primary productivity and soil carbon (C) and N accumulation, as well as by mobilizing soil phosphorus (P) and other nutrients to support growth and metabolism. (usgs.gov)

in legume plants, through atmospheric N fixation by symbiotic bacteria inside dedicated root nodules. (uu.nl)
Controlled experiments at the level of individual plants show that legume species use different strategies for the regulation of symbiotic dinitrogen fixation in response to nitrogen availability. (agri.gov.il)
The barrel medic, a legume plant closely related to the crop plant alfalfa, is a useful model for identifying the genes important in nitrogen uptake and use. (usda.gov)
In addition to the enhancement of scientific knowledge and scholarship, this research has economic and environmental benefits since symbiotic nitrogen fixation in legume root nodules alleviates the use of chemical fertilizers. (sdstate.edu)
Nitrogen (N) fixation through legume-Rhizobium symbiosis is important for enhancing agricultural productivity and is therefore of great economic interest [6]. (scirp.org)
For example, in Scotland, we've shown that the introduction of a legume crop into the typical rotation reduced external nitrogen requirements by almost half whilst maintaining the same output of food measured in terms of potential human nutrition. (bangor.ac.uk)
Legume crops not only don't require fertilizer themselves, they also enrich the soil with nitrogen, reducing the need for nitrogen fertilizers for future non-legume crops. (bangor.ac.uk)

Natural abundance of the 15N isotope of live Sphagnum (5.6 δ‰) from 0-10 cm points to solely N uptake from atmospheric deposition and non-symbiotic N2 fixation. (uni-bayreuth.de)
Also, genes for enzymes in the pathways for production of organic acids and for nitrogen uptake compounds were simultaneously expressed at similar levels in nitrogen-fixing nodules. (usda.gov)
These techniques are useful tools for identifying genes involved in the symbiotic interaction and nitrogen uptake and for measuring expression of many genes simultaneously. (usda.gov)
The five processes in the nitrogen cycle - fixation, uptake, mineralization, nitrification, and denitrification - are all driven by microorganisms. (visionlearning.com)
If you can understand the genetic mechanisms that control nitrate uptake and signaling, as well as how plants can better use nitrate, it's advantageous for agriculture, soil, water, fertilizer application and the entire nitrogen cycle. (sciencedaily.com)
Additionally, the team reported two Aiptasia transporters that uptake and move ammonium, and found enzymes for nitrogen recycling. (natureasia.com)

Rhizobial symbiotic interactions are known for nitrogen fixation, providing commercial crops and other plants with self-sufficiency in nitrogen requirements. (gc.ca)
Crops that follow pea benefit from nitrogen fixed by Rhizobium spp. (usda.gov)
4. Crop Rotation and Cover Crops: Rotating crops and planting cover crops can help improve soil fertility by increasing the nitrogen content. (virtualtourist.com)
Leguminous cover crops, such as alfalfa or red clover, have the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, enriching the soil for future crops. (virtualtourist.com)
A4: Yes, organic sources like animal manure and nitrogen-fixing cover crops can provide a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to synthetic fertilizers. (virtualtourist.com)
Increased food production and enhanced sustainability depend on improving nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) of crops. (bioone.org)
A major new technology has been developed by The University of Nottingham , which has the potential to enable crops to take nitrogen from the air rather than expensive and environmentally damaging fertilisers. (nottingham.ac.uk)
The vast majority of plants have to obtain nitrogen from the soil, and for most crops currently being grown across the world, this also means a reliance on synthetic nitrogen fertiliser. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Scientists are also interested in the plant's ability to fix nitrogen for crops, and its resistance to insects. (yale.edu)
All crops need the critical nutrient nitrogen in order to grow and, for most crops, farmers must provide nitrogen via fertilizers. (bangor.ac.uk)
In contrast to other crop types, legumes are among the only crops that are capable of getting all of the nitrogen they need simply from the air around them. (bangor.ac.uk)

Two major research thrusts in the lab are to determine plant mechanisms that (i) dictate the development of symbiotic root nodules and (ii) recruit beneficial microbes. (sdstate.edu)
A hemoglobin-like oxygen-binding hemeprotein present in the nitrogen-fixing root nodules of leguminous plants. (bvsalud.org)

Nuclear-associated Ca(2+) oscillations mediate plant responses to beneficial microbial partners-namely, nitrogen-fixing rhizobial bacteria that colonize roots of legumes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi that colonize roots of the majority of plant species. (jic.ac.uk)
Almost all plants growing in a wide range of ecosystems, from deserts to forests to arable land, form a symbiotic association with mycorrhizal fungi. (rodaleinstitute.org)
Almost all terrestrial and agricultural ecosystems are dominated by AM, ECM and ericoid and form symbiotic associations with trees, shrubs, vegetables, and herbs, which demonstrates that mycorrhizal fungi play a key role in global carbon cycling. (rodaleinstitute.org)
Nitrogen budgets of phloem-feeding bark beetles with and without symbiotic fungi (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). (afs-journal.org)
I am a professor in soil biology and environmental sciences and I work with ectomycorrhizal fungi that form symbiotic relationships with trees. (lu.se)

An important additional N source is N2 fixation by symbiotic microorganisms (diazotrophs) in peat and mosses. (nerc.ac.uk)

A computer comparison of thousands of genes expressed in nodules with genes expressed in roots identified 530 genes that potentially are expressed during the symbiotic interaction. (usda.gov)
Expression of these genes and others potentially involved in carbon and nitrogen metabolism was measured in roots, nodules producing nitrogen compounds, and nodules that were unable to fix nitrogen. (usda.gov)
One group of genes that were found to have enhanced expression in nitrogen-fixing nodules were similar to plant disease resistance genes. (usda.gov)
A majority (53%) of the putatively symbiosis-specific TCs were derived exclusively from nitrogen-fixing and senescent nodules. (usda.gov)
Genes for enzymes involved in organic acid synthesis (carbonic anhydrase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, malate dehydrogenase, and citrate synthase) along with genes involved in nitrogen metabolism (asparagine synthetase and glutamine synthetase) were co-expressed in effective nodules of M. truncatula. (usda.gov)
these bacteria form nodules on the roots and fix atmospheric nitrogen. (pfaf.org)
The bacteria reside in nodules on the plant's roots and convert nitrogen gas into ammonia, which can be utilized by the plant. (virtualtourist.com)
The soybean GmN6L gene encodes a late nodulin expressed in the infected zone of nitrogen-fixing nodules. (mpg.de)

1980. Nitrogen mineralization as affected by soil moisture, temperature, and depth. (hawaii.edu)
Ammonification (or nitrogen mineralization) is the conversion of organic nitrogen into ammonia. (cdc.gov)

The book chapter highlights the importance of a symbiotic interaction of legumes with Rhizobium that provides benefits to the host in addition to nitrogen fixation. (gc.ca)
1991. Autoregulatory response of Phaseolus vulgaris L. to symbiotic mutants of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. (hawaii.edu)

The implications for agriculture are enormous as this new technology can provide much of the plant's nitrogen needs. (nottingham.ac.uk)

An enormous contribution from nitrogen fixation is vital to the global nitrogen cycle. (gc.ca)
Humans influence the global nitrogen cycle primarily through the use of nitrogen-based fertilizers. (visionlearning.com)
Ammonia is a naturally-occurring compound that is an intermediate in the global nitrogen cycle. (cdc.gov)

This ground-breaking development potentially provides every cell in the plant with the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen. (nottingham.ac.uk)

Insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in rhizobial symbiosis have the potential to improve the efficiency of biological nitrogen fixation by plants and reduce costly fertilizer inputs. (usda.gov)
The increase of biological nitrogen fixation in these systems, through the breeding of tolerant cultivars to acidic soils and a stepwise legumes enrichment, alongside soil fertility management, may contribute to increasing biomass production, SOM content and overall ecological plasticity. (intechopen.com)
1992. Biological nitrogen fixation for sustainable agriculture: a perspective. (hawaii.edu)
Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is an important component of sustainable agriculture [8], and rhizobial inoculants have been applied frequently as biofertilizers. (scirp.org)
Quantifying human impacts on the nitrogen (N) cycle and investigating natural ecosystem N cycling depend on the magnitude of inputs from natural biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). (usgs.gov)

Vicia palaestina also downregulated nitrogen fixation under both con- and heterospecific interactions but did not regulate fixation when grown alone. (agri.gov.il)

Red arrows indicate processes in which microorganisms participate in the transformation of nitrogen. (visionlearning.com)
Microorganisms, particularly bacteria , play major roles in all of the principal nitrogen transformations. (visionlearning.com)
Because these processes are microbially mediated, or controlled by microorganisms, these nitrogen transformations tend to occur faster than geological processes like plate motion, a very slow, purely physical process that is a part of the carbon cycle. (visionlearning.com)
it has been found that there is only a small proportion of all genera of microorganisms that can fix nitrogen. (cdc.gov)

Did you know that all organisms need nitrogen to survive? (visionlearning.com)
The nitrogen cycle is the set of biogeochemical processes by which nitrogen undergoes chemical reactions, changes form, and moves through difference reservoirs on Earth, including living organisms. (visionlearning.com)
Nitrogen is required for all organisms to live and grow because it is the essential component of DNA, RNA, and protein. (visionlearning.com)
However, most organisms cannot use atmospheric nitrogen, the largest reservoir. (visionlearning.com)
Although the majority of the air we breathe is N 2 , most of the nitrogen in the atmosphere is unavailable for use by organisms. (visionlearning.com)
This is because the strong triple bond between the N atoms in N 2 molecules makes it relatively inert , or unreactive, whereas organisms need reactive nitrogen to be able to incorporate it into cells . (visionlearning.com)
Scientists also don't know how these symbiotic organisms assimilate growth-enhancing nitrogen from the surrounding nitrogen-poor environment. (natureasia.com)

A cDNA filter array was constructed using putative symbiosis-specific ESTs as well as ESTs representing selected carbon and nitrogen metabolic pathways. (usda.gov)
The coordinated expression of genes for organic acid and nitrogen metabolism is expected to play a vital role in the regulation of nitrogen assimilation during Medicago symbiosis. (usda.gov)
However, the effectiveness of symbiotic N 2 fixation may be an important factor to take into consideration through successful management of symbiosis between black gram cultivars and effective bradyrhizobial strains. (scirp.org)

Based on the 15N2 assay, high non-symbiotic N2 fixation rates of 0.3-1.4 μmol N2 g−1 d−1 were found down to 50 cm under micro-oxic conditions (2 vol.%) in samples from plots covered by Sphagnum magellanicum or by vascular cushion plants, latter characterized by dense and deep aerenchyma roots. (uni-bayreuth.de)
Peat N concentrations point to greater potential of non-symbiotic N2 fixation under cushion plants, likely because of the availability of easily decomposable organic compounds and oxic conditions in the rhizosphere. (uni-bayreuth.de)
Our findings suggest that when interacting with other plants, downregulation of nitrogen fixation is more likely, therefore reducing the energetic cost of fixation, and improving plant performance in competitive ecological communities, especially when nitrogen is available. (agri.gov.il)
During the evaluation of strains for nitrogen fixation in exchange for supporting the bacterium in terms of space and resources, it has been observed that the accrued benefits to the host plants extend well beyond the nitrogen fixation. (gc.ca)
Among the essential nutrients required by plants, nitrogen is a key component in various fertilizers. (virtualtourist.com)
However, atmospheric nitrogen cannot be directly utilized by plants. (virtualtourist.com)
3. Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria: Certain bacteria, known as nitrogen-fixing bacteria, have the ability to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for plants. (virtualtourist.com)
These bacteria form a symbiotic relationship with leguminous plants like soybeans, peas, and clover. (virtualtourist.com)
Q5: Can plants absorb nitrogen directly from the atmosphere? (virtualtourist.com)
A5: No, plants cannot absorb nitrogen gas directly. (virtualtourist.com)
Q6: How does nitrogen fixation occur in plants? (virtualtourist.com)
A6: Nitrogen fixation occurs when nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, which is then used by plants. (virtualtourist.com)
A8: Yes, nitrogen can be lost from the soil through leaching, denitrification, and volatilization, which can decrease its availability for plants. (virtualtourist.com)
Q9: Can excessive nitrogen use harm plants? (virtualtourist.com)
A9: Yes, excessive nitrogen can lead to an imbalance in soil nutrients, causing nutrient deficiencies or toxicity in plants. (virtualtourist.com)
Processes within the nitrogen cycle convert nitrogen from the atmosphere into a form that plants and animals can use. (visionlearning.com)
Nitrogen fixation, the process by which nitrogen is converted to ammonia, is vital for plants to survive and grow. (nottingham.ac.uk)
However, only a very small number of plants, most notably legumes (such as peas, beans and lentils) have the ability to fix nitrogen from the atmosphere with the help of nitrogen fixing bacteria. (nottingham.ac.uk)
His major breakthrough came when he found a specific strain of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in sugar-cane which he discovered could intracellularly colonise all major crop plants. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Speaking about the technology, which is known as 'N-Fix', Professor Cocking said: "Helping plants to naturally obtain the nitrogen they need is a key aspect of World Food Security. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Applied to the cells of plants (intra-cellular) via the seed, it provides every cell in the plant with the ability to fix nitrogen. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Actinorhizal plants form symbiotic root associations with dinitrogen (N 2 ) fixing Frankia and are abundant in North American cold deserts. (usgs.gov)
The gene, dubbed 'BUZZ,' causes faster-growing, denser webs of roots and may also determine how plants find and use nitrates, a prime source of nitrogen essential to plant growth. (sciencedaily.com)
Identified by a team led by Washington State University researcher Karen Sanguinet, the gene, dubbed "BUZZ," causes faster-growing, denser webs of roots and may also determine how plants find and use nitrates, a prime source of nitrogen essential to plant growth. (sciencedaily.com)
The cyanobacteria captures nitrogen from the air and converts it into something the ferns - and surrounding plants - can use, eliminating the need for added nitrogen fertilizers. (yale.edu)
This is thanks to a symbiotic partnership with bacteria that transforms nitrogen in the air into a form that can be used by plants. (bangor.ac.uk)
Ammonia may be released to soils by natural or synthetic fertilizer application, animal (including livestock) excrement degradation, decay of organic material from dead plants and animals, and indirectly from natural fixation of atmospheric nitrogen. (cdc.gov)

These fertilizers are manufactured using a process called the Haber-Bosch process, which involves the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia. (virtualtourist.com)
The ammonia is then further processed to create different forms of nitrogen fertilizers like urea, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium phosphate. (virtualtourist.com)
Nitrate pollution is a major problem as is also the pollution of the atmosphere by ammonia and oxides of nitrogen. (nottingham.ac.uk)
Expression of the BUZZ gene is turned up in response to nitrate, urea, and ammonia presumably so that roots can find nitrogen in the soil," Sanguinet said. (sciencedaily.com)
Lightning strikes also "fix" atmospheric nitrogen, but they produce nitrogen oxides, not ammonia. (cdc.gov)
Ammonia is a key intermediate in the nitrogen cycle, a natural cycle that is coupled with other important biological cycles (i.e., the sulfur cycle and carbon cycle). (cdc.gov)
An understanding of the role of ammonia in the nitrogen cycle, at least on a generalized level, is important in determining the environmental fate of ammonia. (cdc.gov)
A simplified schematic of the microbial processes of the nitrogen cycle that involves ammonia can be found in Figure 6-2. (cdc.gov)
6. POTENTIAL FOR HUMAN EXPOSURE production or transformation of ammonia: nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, and ammonification. (cdc.gov)

Plant biomass production is strongly correlated with nitrogen (N) availability which, in most farming systems, is dependent on the use of N-fertilizers. (intechopen.com)
However, have you ever wondered where the nitrogen for these fertilizers comes from? (virtualtourist.com)
In this article, we will explore the sources of nitrogen used in fertilizers and shed light on some common questions regarding this crucial nutrient. (virtualtourist.com)
1. Synthetic Nitrogen Fertilizers: The majority of nitrogen fertilizers are derived from synthetic sources. (virtualtourist.com)
2. Animal Manure: Animal waste, such as manure, is an organic source of nitrogen used in fertilizers. (virtualtourist.com)
A3: While synthetic nitrogen fertilizers can enhance plant growth, excessive use can lead to environmental issues like water pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. (virtualtourist.com)
Q4: Can organic sources of nitrogen be as effective as synthetic fertilizers? (virtualtourist.com)
A7: Nitrogen enters the soil through various processes, including nitrogen fixation, decomposition of organic matter, and application of nitrogen-based fertilizers. (virtualtourist.com)
Q10: Are there any alternatives to nitrogen-based fertilizers? (virtualtourist.com)
Q11: Can nitrogen-based fertilizers be harmful to human health? (virtualtourist.com)
A11: When used according to recommended guidelines, nitrogen-based fertilizers pose minimal risks to human health. (virtualtourist.com)
Humans alter and influence the nitrogen cycle, primarily through the use of fertilizers, which can have serious environmental consequences. (visionlearning.com)

Nitrogen (N) nutrition in pristine peatlands relies on the natural input of inorganic N through atmospheric deposition or biological dinitrogen (N2) fixation. (uni-bayreuth.de)

We grew two species of herbaceous legumes representing two different strategies of regulation without interaction, under treatments of deficient and sufficient nitrogen availability, with conspecific or heterospecific interaction. (agri.gov.il)
Our results showed that under nitrogen limitation, interaction with a neighboring plant reduced fitness, reflecting a competitive effect. (agri.gov.il)
The symbiotic interaction has been advantageous to the host for better growth and development, tolerating a stressful environment, and even keeping the pathogenic microbial enemies at bay. (gc.ca)
I. Interaction of light intensity and nitrogen fertilization on six forage grasses. (hawaii.edu)

Improved insights into the carbon and nitrogen exchange between the host and the symbiotic alga are expected to enhance our comprehension and preparedness for the impacts of forthcoming conditions on coral reefs. (natureasia.com)

Also, the symbiotic bacteria enable the host to acquire iron and phospate nutrients from the soil, which are otherwise inaccessible to the host. (gc.ca)
In this chapter, we bring together the information with a focus on the role of rhizobial symbiotic interactions that promote plant growth and productivity through phytohormone synthesis, by facilitating the availability of mineral nutrients, and by improving the plant tolerance to sub-optimal growth conditions. (gc.ca)
Nitrogen is one of the most important nutrients needed for plant growth. (usda.gov)
Manure is often used as a natural fertilizer, as it provides not only nitrogen but also other essential nutrients for plant growth. (virtualtourist.com)
Lab experiments show how symbiotic sea anemones and tiny algae recycle nutrients. (natureasia.com)
Both sea anemones and algae contribute to the critical conservation and recycling of nutrients, in particular nitrogen, which is a limited resource in coral reefs. (natureasia.com)
They compared the differences in gene expression and in the localization of glucose and ammonium transporters - proteins that channel nutrients in and out of cells - in the sea anemone living with or without its symbiotic algae. (natureasia.com)

Pacific salmon acquire most of their biomass in the ocean before returning to spawn and die in coastal streams and lakes, thus providing subsidies of marine‐derived nitrogen (MDN) to freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. (usgs.gov)

Such benefits can be enhanced by selecting and modifying the symbiotic bacteria to improve the productivity of legumes. (gc.ca)

Q3: Is synthetic nitrogen fertilizer harmful to the environment? (virtualtourist.com)

We evaluated how nitrogen availability and conspecific vs heterospecific interactions influenced the strategy of regulation of nitrogen fixation. (agri.gov.il)
We found that Hymenocarpus circinnatus maintained a facultative strategy of downregulating nitrogen fixation when nitrogen was available under both con- and heterospecific interactions, as was also found for this species when grown alone. (agri.gov.il)

Exploiting Nitrogen-Fixing Rhizobial Symbionts Genetic Resources for Improving Phytoremediation of Contaminated Soils. (unifi.it)
1990. Influence of elevation and applied nitrogen on rhizosphere colonization and competition for nodule occupancy by different rhizobial strains on field-grown soybean and common bean. (hawaii.edu)

As part of this cycle, nitrogen gas and oxidized forms of nitrogen are transformed and returned to the biological world. (cdc.gov)

Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in Earth's atmosphere, comprising approximately 78% of the air we breathe. (virtualtourist.com)
While the atmosphere is full of nitrogen, it is in a form that can't be used by living things. (visionlearning.com)
The movement of nitrogen between the atmosphere , biosphere , and geosphere in different forms is called the nitrogen cycle (Figure 1), one of the major biogeochemical cycles. (visionlearning.com)
Denitrification is the process whereby the nitrogen oxides (i.e., nitrate and nitrite) are reduced under anaerobic conditions to N2 and N2O, which can escape to the atmosphere. (cdc.gov)

RhizoDive is an exciting high school laboratory opportunity where students learn about nitrogen sustainability, microbial biodiversity and/or plant meristems (stem cells). (sdstate.edu)

Plant seeds are coated with these bacteria in order to create a symbiotic, mutually beneficial relationship and naturally produce nitrogen. (nottingham.ac.uk)

It contains nitrogen in the form of urea, uric acid, and other organic compounds. (virtualtourist.com)

This led to the isolation and modification of symbiotic strains for enhanced nitrogen efficiency. (gc.ca)
Nitrate runoff and nitrogen use efficiency are some of the preeminent issues facing agriculture," said Sanguinet, associate professor in WSU's Department of Crop and Soil Sciences. (sciencedaily.com)

their contributions of plant nitrogen (N) are less pronounced and often depend on soil type, water content, and pH [3,4] . (rodaleinstitute.org)

The world needs to unhook itself from its ever increasing reliance on synthetic nitrogen fertilisers produced from fossil fuels with its high economic costs, its pollution of the environment and its high energy costs. (nottingham.ac.uk)
It has enormous potential to help feed more people in many of the poorer parts of the world, while at the same time, dramatically reducing the amount of synthetic nitrogen produced in the world. (nottingham.ac.uk)

However, the extent to which actinorhizal species are actively fixing N 2 or altering ecosystem nitrogen (N) availability remains unclear. (usgs.gov)
Aridity appears to configure landscapes with a greater diversity of plant species that rely on symbiotic bacteria for nitrogen. (the-scientist.com)

bacteria that form symbiotic relationships with pea. (usda.gov)
It needs to be converted into a usable form through a process called nitrogen fixation. (virtualtourist.com)
And green arrows indicate natural processes affecting the form and fate of nitrogen that do not involve microbes. (visionlearning.com)

Evaluation of the effectiveness of Myanmar Bradyrhizobim strains isolated from soil samples of major black gram growing areas of Myanmar for plant growth and nitrogen fixation w as studied in pot experiments with completely randomized design and three replicates. (scirp.org)

Until now, it has been thought that algae are the main contributors to nitrogen acquisition and assimilation. (natureasia.com)
These discoveries provide further evidence that the dinoflagellate algae are not the sole contributors to nitrogen assimilation. (natureasia.com)

We explore features conserved between systemic pathways repressing or enhancing symbiotic N fixation and the regulation of mineral N acquisition by roots, as well as their integration with other environmental factors, such as phosphate, light, and CO2 availability. (uu.nl)
Role and regulation of ACC deaminase gene in Sinorhizobium meliloti: is it a symbiotic, rhizospheric or endophytic gene? (unifi.it)

The symbiotic nitrogen reduces the carbon footprint of crop cultivation, which underlines its importance in agricultural sustainability. (gc.ca)

Extensive research efforts have been made to understand the symbiotic relationship at molecular, physiological, and ecological levels. (gc.ca)
We are aiming to achieve a better understanding of this symbiotic relationship across different cnidarian taxa and ecological contexts," says study co-author, Guoxin Cui, from KAUST. (natureasia.com)

Furthermore, the team verified that glucose triggers changes in the gene expression of Aiptasia 's nitrogen recycling enzymes, but does not influence the gene expression of the ammonium transporters. (natureasia.com)

A1: Nitrogen is a vital nutrient required for various plant processes, including photosynthesis, protein synthesis, and overall growth and development. (virtualtourist.com)
Similar to the carbon cycle, the nitrogen cycle consists of various reservoirs of nitrogen and processes by which those reservoirs exchange nitrogen (note the arrows in the figure). (visionlearning.com)
Processes within the nitrogen cycle progress at a _______ rate than geological processes like plate motion. (visionlearning.com)
Nitrogen is converted from atmospheric N2 to other forms by different processes. (cdc.gov)
Nitrogen fixation (the process of converting atmospheric N2 to NH3) occurs naturally due to biological processes. (cdc.gov)
The current amount of nitrogen fixation that occurs by industrial processes equals that of natural, terrestrial nitrogen fixation. (cdc.gov)

Together, our findings provide new insights into the effects of parasite scale worms on changes in symbiotic bacteria and gene expression in deep sea mussel hosts. (frontiersin.org)

Our findings suggest that non-symbiotic N2 fixation overcomes N deficiency in different vegetation communities and has great significance for N cycling and peat accumulation in pristine peatlands. (uni-bayreuth.de)

A mycorrhiza (from the Greek mykes for "fungus" and rhiza, for "root") is a symbiotic association in which the fungus forms with plant roots. (rodaleinstitute.org)
Professor Edward Cocking, Director of The University of Nottingham's Centre for Crop Nitrogen Fixation, has developed a unique method of putting nitrogen-fixing bacteria into the cells of plant roots. (nottingham.ac.uk)

Azolla has a symbiotic relationship with the cyanobacteria Nostoc azollae , which live in special cavities inside Azolla 's leaves. (yale.edu)
Generally, this symbiotic relationship depends on algal photosynthesis supplying the energy needs of the cnidarians, while the cnidarians protect the algae from grazing. (natureasia.com)

Anatomy3

Organisms16

Chemicals and Drugs31

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment4

Phenomena and Processes22

Technology, Industry, Agriculture5

Information Science4

Health Care3

Rhizobia9

Phosphorus5

Legume7

Uptake6

Crops11

Root nodules2

Fungi5

Fixation by symbio1

Nodules8

Mineralization2

Rhizobium2

Plant's1

Global nitrogen cycle3

Ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen1

Biological nitrogen5

Downregulated nitrogen fixation1

Microorganisms4

Organisms7

Symbiosis3

Plants27

Ammonia9

Fertilizers12

Atmospheric deposition1

Interaction4

Carbon and nitrogen1

Nutrients7

Ecosystems1

Legumes1

Fertilizer1

Interactions2

Rhizobial2

Forms of nitrogen1

Atmosphere4

Microbial1

Produce nitrogen1

Urea1

Efficiency2

Plant nitrogen1

Synthetic nitrogen2

Species2

Form3

Strains1

Assimilation2

Regulation2

Sustainability1

Ecological2

Ammonium1

Processes6

Gene1

Deficiency1

Roots2

Relationship2