Sustaining tumour growth. Medical search. Frequent questions

CSCs are enriched near macrophages, particularly near macrophage-containing intravasation sites called Tumor Microenvironment of Metastasis (TMEM) doorways. (nature.com)
Tumor growth is sustained by a highly diverse microenvironment, the TME. (promocell.com)
Various extracellular signals can influence how much H1.0 a cell produces, and the researchers speculated that interac-tions with the tumor microenvironment could cause some cancer cells to stop producing this critical protein. (cancer.gov)
Macrophages within the tumor microenvironment (TME) exhibit a spectrum of protumor and antitumor functions, yet it is unclear how the TME regulates this macrophage heterogeneity. (aacrjournals.org)
We hypothesize that tumor-derived exosomes endow the fibroblasts in tumor microenvironment with invasive phenotype to the benefit of tumor metastasis. (dovepress.com)
2 , 3 Tumor cell-derived exosomes carry particular molecular components originated from donor cells to mediate tumorigenesis and drive tumor progression by regulating tumor microenvironment. (dovepress.com)
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by a very dense and highly organized tumor microenvironment (TME) consisting of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), and immune cells. (mdpi.com)
In the tumor microenvironment, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) display an array of phenotypes beyond the M1/M2 paradigm, ranging from antitumoral to immunosuppressive, proangiogenic, immunomodulatory and tissue-remodeling phenotypes ( 7 - 9 ). (frontiersin.org)
Another myeloid population in the tumor microenvironment (TME) are DCs, that originate from different precursors and display various phenotypes, ranging from immunosuppressive monocyte-derived DCs (Mo-DCs) to immunocompetent cDC1 and cDC2 subsets ( 22 ). (frontiersin.org)
Stromal fibroblasts are a dominant but heterogenous population within the tumor microenvironment and therapeutic targeting of stromal subsets may have therapeutic utility. (elifesciences.org)
The plasticity and heterogeneity of fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has emerged as a key factor in determining tumor growth and therapeutic response. (elifesciences.org)
We aim to molecularly map the support functions performed by the various cell types comprising the tumor microenvironment. (lu.se)

Macrophages are emerging as major cellular factors in the tumor ecosystem that can influence the stem phenotype and cancer progression. (nature.com)
p53 suppresses tumor progression and metastasis. (researchgate.net)
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key process in tumor progression and metastasis. (researchgate.net)
2012) Tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 promotes breast cancer progression and maintains tumor-initiating cells via activation of key transcription factors and a positive feedback signaling loop. (medicalxpress.com)
Tumor-derived exosomes are messengers that participate in tumor progression. (dovepress.com)
Our results suggest that tumor-derived exosomes may facilitate stromal fibroblasts an aggressive phenotype to equip the tumor progression. (dovepress.com)
Here, we used genetically modified mice and demonstrate that genetic ablation of Mtdh inhibits breast cancer development through disrupting the interaction with staphylococcal nuclease domain-containing 1 (SND1), which is required to sustain breast cancer progression in established tumors. (nextbigfuture.com)
In this review, we discuss how rudimentary defense mechanisms deployed by myeloid cells can promote tumor progression. (frontiersin.org)
Neutrophils also contribute to tumor progression, yet establishing the difference between PMN-MDSCs and tumor-associated neutrophils (TAN) remains challenging ( 11 , 15 , 16 ). (frontiersin.org)
In NSCLC, activation of the EGFR/HER1 pathway results in a signalling cascade that promotes tumour growth and progression 6 . (ersjournals.com)
Three patients were incapable of caring for themselves, and one patient died of progression of a malignant triton tumor. (thejns.org)
Tumor progression was evaluated clinically using established criteria for malignant gliomas. (ajnr.org)
With advances in adjuvant chemotherapy, patients with malignant gliomas are living longer and there is a need for more sophisticated imaging surveillance of tumor progression. (ajnr.org)
however, because abnormal enhancement is nonspecific and cannot differentiate tumor progression from therapy-related changes. (ajnr.org)
Aurora kinases are implicated in the onset and progression of many different human cancers, and novel Aurora kinase inhibitors such as VX-680 have the potential to play an important future role in the treatment and management of a wide range of tumor types. (vrtx.com)
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its ligand heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) sustain endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis in solid tumors, but little is known about the role of HB-EGF-EGFR signaling in bone marrow angiogenesis and multiple myeloma (MM) progression. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
This reactive stroma evidently contributes to many, if not all, aspects of tumor initiation, growth and progression and is an underestimated source of therapeutic targets and biomarkers with prognostic or predictive potential. (lu.se)

Another study have assessed the clinico-biological value of ICR in breast cancer, via the classification of around 8700 breast tumours and assessment of metastasis-free survival and pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. (wikipedia.org)
We will exploit the use of substrate specific variants of the Met receptor to dissect signaling pathways essential for tumor induction and metastasis and will dissect signals that promote tumor angiogenesis. (mcgill.ca)
These cells are thought to sustain the growth of the tumor, promote metastasis and lead to relapses. (medicalxpress.com)
When the scientists depleted SHP2 from breast cancer cells with a small hairpin RNA, it decreased proliferation and invasiveness in 3D cultures, blocked tumor growth and reduced metastasis. (medicalxpress.com)
It is confirmed that large variety of miRNAs in exosomes play important roles in tumor metastasis and invasion. (dovepress.com)
We performed a small-molecule compound screening to identify a class of specific inhibitors that disrupts the protein-protein interaction (PPI) between MTDH and SND1 and show that our lead candidate compounds C26-A2 and C26-A6 suppressed tumor growth and metastasis and enhanced chemotherapy sensitivity in preclinical models of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). (nextbigfuture.com)
The cancer stem cell theory holds that tumors also contain stem-like cells that drive tumor growth and metastasis formation. (medscape.com)
The CSC theory is attractive because it offers an explanation for tumor heterogeneity, for the inefficiency of metastasis formation and for tumor regrowth after an apparently complete remission. (medscape.com)

In pediatric solid tumors and brain tumors, PLK1 inhibition leads to apoptosis in vitro and in tumor xenografts. (childrenscolorado.org)
The presence of TAMs in most solid tumors is correlated with poor prognosis and overall survival of patients ( 10 ). (frontiersin.org)
In addition to TAMs, solid tumors are also infiltrated by immunosuppressive, immature myeloid progenitor cells, commonly referred to as monocytic or polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M/PMN-MDSC) ( 11 - 13 ). (frontiersin.org)
In Merck, we have a partner that is a global leader in the development and commercialization of innovative medicines, and one with the breadth of capabilities and resources that we expect to be required to establish the clinical benefit of an Aurora kinase inhibitor across a spectrum of solid tumors and hematologic cancers. (vrtx.com)

Growing tumors exist in metabolically compromised environments that require activation of multiple pathways to scavenge nutrients to support accelerated rates of growth. (jci.org)
The anti-inflammatory nanoparticles manifested tumor specific release potential exhibiting selective cytotoxicity at cancerous milieu with slightly acidic environment and activated inflammatory pathways. (ac.ir)
By examining how tumor cells survive nutrient deprivation they discovered that they do so by upregulating intracellular nutrient scavenging by autophagy to recycle macromolecules into metabolic pathways. (nasonline.org)
We believe that decisive treatment benefit can only be achieved by targeting distinct cell types and pathways that collectively sustain tumor growth. (lu.se)

A complete cell culture solution designed for the selective culture of malignant cells derived from primary tumors or patient-derived xenografts. (promocell.com)
This may contribute to the generation of active RON variants by alternative splicing, which is frequently observed in primary tumors. (spandidos-publications.com)
In primary tumors, such as colon and breast cancers, overexpression of RON exists in a large number of cases and is often accompanied by the generation of different splicing variants ( 12 - 14 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

7 It has been shown that miR-21 is a promoter of oncogenes and is highly expressed in several malignant tumors. (dovepress.com)
develop noncancerous (benign) or cancerous (malignant) tumors or grow excessively without forming tumors. (msdmanuals.com)
defects, benign and malignant tumors, genetic changes, In low- and middle-income countries, many farmers and blood disorders, neurological disorders, and endocrine government officials see tobacco as a cash crop that can disruption ( 3 ). (who.int)

60% of circulating tumor cells. (nature.com)

Evading growth suppressors', 'enabling replicative immortality', 'inducing angiogenesis' and 'tumor-promoting inflammation' have not been involved in breast cancer classification which need more focus in the future biomarker-related research. (jcancer.org)
The same authors have identified two emerging hallmarks, i.e., 'reprogramming of energy metabolism' and 'evading immune destruction', in 2011, and pointed out that all these hallmarks are enabled by two characteristics, i.e., 'genome instability and mutation' and 'tumor-promoting inflammation' [ 12 ]. (jcancer.org)
This cancer-sustaining inflammation is a critical target to arrest cancer growth. (ac.ir)
The aim of this research was to achieve cancer debulking and proliferation prevention by limiting 'cancer-sustaining' tumor niche inflammation through non-conventional oral approach employing anti-inflammatory agents and avoiding conventional cytotoxic agents. (ac.ir)
By examining how autophagy controls the immune response they discovered that autophagy suppresses inflammation, thereby limiting an anti-tumor T-cell response that enables tumor growth. (nasonline.org)
For example, certain fibroblasts close to the tumour resemble the myofibroblasts present in healing wounds, while those at the periphery show signs of being involved in inflammation. (elifesciences.org)
Physical exercise can modulate the circulating levels of growth factors, hormones, and cytokines, a class of proteins that can modulate inflammation levels, that are involved in sustaining the growth of cancer cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Tfh produce interleukin-21, which sustains proliferation, viability, cytokine production and cytotoxic functions of exhausted T cells. (nih.gov)
These results suggest that regular exercise could help suppress tumor cell proliferation in patients with advanced prostate cancer, and each additional bout of exercise could potentially further enhance this tumor-suppressive effect. (medicalnewstoday.com)
New drugs target some of the stepwise genetic mutations the neoplastic cells gain to become masters of their growth and proliferation ( 9 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

The researchers found that they could drive tumor cells to differentiate and lose their proliferative poten-tial by restoring H1.0 production. (cancer.gov)

Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism is increasingly being recognized to enhance tumor malignancy. (tugraz.at)
Glioblastoma is a devastating tumor entity with few treatment options and they often exhibits enhanced levels of the Trp-degrading enzyme TDO2 (Trp 2,3-dioxygenase), resulting not only in increased amounts of oncogenic Trp metabolites that drive malignancy, but also in the depletion of the essential amino acid Trp. (tugraz.at)
8 , 9 The high-invasion and metastatic tendency of melanoma tumors complicates treatment of the malignancy. (dovepress.com)
She is also known for establishing that tumor cells induce intracellular nutrient scavenging by autophagy, which promotes their metabolism, growth, survival, and malignancy. (nasonline.org)

miRNAs are the key regulators of cancer stem cells (CSCs) which play a central role in inducing chemoresistance and implying metastatic potential to the pancreatic tumor cells (Singh S., et al. (unmc.edu)
Not only do these wrap pancreatic tumours in a dense, protective layer, they also foster complex relationships with the cancerous cells: some fibroblasts may fuel tumour growth, while other may help to contain its spread. (elifesciences.org)
relied on tumour samples obtained from pancreatic cancer patients. (elifesciences.org)
Functional malignant cell heterogeneity in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors revealed by targeting of PDGF-DD. (lu.se)

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers, together with clinicopathological variables such as tumor size, tumor grade, nodal involvement, histologic type, and surgical margins, have been widely used for prognosis, prediction and treatment selection [ 9 , 10 ]. (jcancer.org)
The consensus clustering of tumours based on ICR gene expression provides an assessment of the prognosis and response to immunotherapy. (wikipedia.org)
These genes are activated in a large subset of primary breast tumors associated with invasive behavior and poor prognosis . (medicalxpress.com)
Thus, type I (low-grade serous G1, low-grade endometrioid G1/G2, mucinous or clear cell) tumors are associated with corresponding benign ovarian cystic neoplasms, often developing through an intermediate borderline step and have a better prognosis. (spandidos-publications.com)

Collectively, these findings delineated novel tumor cell autonomous and host metabolic functions maintained by autophagy critical for tumor growth, and the means by which autophagy prevents tumor elimination by the immune system. (nasonline.org)
Neighbouring cells also called the tumor stroma, is a rich provider of factors that collectively sustain tumor cell growth. (lu.se)
We believe that decisive treatment benefit can only be achieved by targeting several of the cell types that collectively sustain tumor growth. (lu.se)

CSCs have an enhanced ability to self-renew, which makes them uniquely capable of initiating and sustaining primary and metastatic tumor growth 3 . (nature.com)
Clinically relevant improvements in survival have been attained by administering targeted therapy to the appropriate patient population: for example, the addition of trastuzumab to standard first-line chemotherapy in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor-positive (HER2+) metastatic breast cancer 3 . (ersjournals.com)
This study is the first to examine skeletal muscle-secreted molecules (myokines) in patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).This work supports an acute myokine response to exercise in patients with advanced cancer and that the serum of these patients after acute exercise has a growth-suppressive effect. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Chemokine ligands CXCL9, CXCL10, and CCL5 that bind to chemokine receptors such as CXCR3 and CCR5, Immune suppressive or counter regulatory genes like IDO1, PDCD1, PDL1 (CD274), CTLA4 and FOXP3 The disrupted homeostasis of cancer cells is found to initiate processes promoting cell growth. (wikipedia.org)
CSCs display the slow-migratory, invadopod-rich phenotype that is the hallmark of disseminating tumor cells. (nature.com)
To sustain tumor growth, cancer cells must be able to adapt to fluctuations in energy availability. (researchgate.net)
This is a complex question that requires a full understanding of how signals are integrated in normal cells and how these signals become altered in tumor cells, in the context of other genetic alterations. (mcgill.ca)
Like the contents of this gumball machine, tumors are highly heterogeneous and a few specialized cells (green) drive the growth of the entire tumor. (cancer.gov)
Ongoing studies seek to understand the molecular differences between the various types of cells in a tumor. (cancer.gov)
The molecular makeup and biological properties of cancer cells can vary significantly, even within the same tumor. (cancer.gov)
This heterogeneity agrees with the recent realization that usually only a small subset of the cells in a tumor have the capacity to sustain the tumor's growth. (cancer.gov)
Now, CCR scientists have uncovered a key determinant of these growth-sus-taining cells: loss of a DNA-packaging protein called linker histone H1.0. (cancer.gov)
The research was initiated when Paola Scaffidi, Ph.D., a former postdoctoral fellow in the laboratory of CCR Director Tom Misteli, Ph.D. , and now a group leader at the Francis Crick Institute in London, sought an explanation for why some tumor cells can spur tumor growth and give rise to new tumors when they are transplanted into animals while other cells from the same tumor cannot. (cancer.gov)
In every tumor, they found that levels of the histone varied signifi-cantly among cells. (cancer.gov)
What's more, glioblastoma and breast cancer samples that had the highest proportion of cells with low levels of H1.0 tended to be aggressive tumors. (cancer.gov)
Histone H1.0 is usually most abundant in specialized cells with little ability to divide, where most growth-promoting genes are kept safely off. (cancer.gov)
How then does a chromatin protein affect the tumor poten-tial of individual cells? (cancer.gov)
A hint comes from the finding that when tumor cells stop producing H1.0 histones, chromatin structure is altered and growth-promoting genes become reactivated. (cancer.gov)
The findings, reported in Science , suggest that it may be possible to stop tumor growth clinically with interventions that modify H1.0 levels or otherwise alter the chromatin landscape of tumor cells. (cancer.gov)
This recruitment is due to the capacity of transforming growth factor β to drive Chemokine (C-X-C motif) Ligand 13 expression, a chemoattractant of Tfh, by intratumor CD8 + T cells. (nih.gov)
As they report in the latest issue of Nature Medicine, SHP2 is necessary for the maintenance of the few tumor initiating cells (TICs) in a breast tumor. (medicalxpress.com)
This population of cells can not only initiate cancer, it may, in some tumor types, also be the one to promote growth, resist therapy, or cause relapse. (medicalxpress.com)
In recent years, these so-called tumor initiating cells (TICs) have thus moved into the focus of attention because of their promise for therapeutic intervention: TICs seem to be the reason why patients with some cancers do not react to therapy or relapse quickly after remission, and TICs seem to be more abundant in aggressive and refractory cancers. (medicalxpress.com)
We believe that one should not only target the bulk of the tumor but also the tumor initiating cells," comments Bentires-Alj. (medicalxpress.com)
By better understanding the signaling events governing tumor initiating cells, we hope to develop new, more efficacious, therapeutic approaches. (medicalxpress.com)
Now that we have elucidated the critical role SHP2 plays in tumor initiating cells, we are eager to see our basic research findings translated into effective therapies. (medicalxpress.com)
raising the question how cancer cells sustain growth when depleted of Trp. (tugraz.at)
We unraveled a surprising mechanism that enables tumor cells to survive and grow when Trp is scarce. (tugraz.at)
The novel PLK1 inhibitor, onvansertib, is the first available for oral administration and has shown tumor growth inhibition in hematologic tumors, osteosarcoma, ovarian carcinoma, breast cancer and colon adenocarcinoma cells. (childrenscolorado.org)
PROJECT SUMMARY Recent years have witnessed a growing appreciation of the role that metabolic reprogramming plays in conferring growth and survival advantages to tumor cells. (hhs.gov)
By stimulating the uptake of extracellular protein and targeting it for lysosomal degradation, the macropinocytosis pathway provides cancer cells with a source of protein-derived amino acids, allowing tumors to circumvent amino acid depletion and survive nutrient stress. (hhs.gov)
So tumor cells-derived exosomes. (dovepress.com)
10 High expression of miR-21 in melanoma cells inhibits mRNA expression of crucial tumor suppressor proteins such as the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3 (TIMP3). (dovepress.com)
Eileen White's laboratory focuses on identifying mechanisms required for tumor cells and tumors to survive, proliferate, and evade surveillance by the immune system. (nasonline.org)
2003). These so-called nude mice have a marked ability to engraft many different types of tumor cells from other animals, including humans. (experts.com)
In 1907 the zoologist Ross Granville Harrison demonstrated the growth of frog embryonic cells that would give rise to nerve cells in a medium of clotted lymph . (wikipedia.org)
However, these immunotherapeutic approaches are hampered by the tumor-promoting nature of myeloid cells, including monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils. (frontiersin.org)
Despite the arsenal of defense strategies against foreign invaders, myeloid cells succumb to the instructions of an established tumor. (frontiersin.org)
Immune cells abundantly infiltrate tumors, creating a complex environment mediated by repetitive cycles of antitumor responses and immune evasion ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Although tumor-promoting functions have been attributed to other granulocytes, like eosinophils ( 17 ), basophils ( 18 ) and mast cells ( 19 ), further research is required to fully elucidate their role in cancer, as antitumoral roles have also been described ( 20 , 21 ). (frontiersin.org)
Nevertheless, the majority of scientific discoveries points toward a more tumor-supporting role for myeloid cells in the TME. (frontiersin.org)
6 Recent animal studies involving systemic injection of labeled MM plasma cells have also demonstrated that blocking the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis leads to a 20% reduction in bone marrow tumor burden. (haematologica.org)
12 It is well established that hypoxia is an important selective force in the evolution of tumor cells, 13 and elevated expression of the hypoxia-inducible transcription factors HIF-1 and HIF-2 has been documented in several human cancers. (haematologica.org)
It responds poorly to immunotherapy for instance, despite this approach often succeeding in enlisting immune cells to fight tumours in other organs. (elifesciences.org)
Previous research has shown that blood taken from patients with advanced prostate cancer who followed a high-intensity exercise program for a few months could suppress the growth of cultured tumor cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Preclinical studies suggest that these myokines can suppress the growth of tumor cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Previous research has shown that serum from advanced prostate cancer patients who followed a supervised high-intensity exercise program (HIIT) for 6 months showed elevated myokine levels and a greater ability to suppress the growth of tumor cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Isolated EOC tumor cells obtained at surgery were investigated for their sensitivity to seven standard cytotoxic drugs and nine TKIs using a short‑term fluorescent microculture cytotoxicity assay (FMCA). (spandidos-publications.com)
The clinically observed relative drug resistance of EOC type I, as well as in patients previously treated, is at least partly due to mechanisms in the tumor cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Moreover, blockade of HB-EGF-EGFR signaling, by an anti-HB-EGF neutralizing antibody or the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib, limited the angiogenic potential of bone marrow endothelial cells and hampered tumor growth in an MM xenograft mouse model. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
After inhibition of RET, the CUTO42 cells had robust inhibition of phosphorylated AKT (pAKT), whereas CUTO22 and CUTO32 cells had sustained AKT activation. (nih.gov)
Tumors are communicating organs where the cancer cells constantly communicate with the neighbouring cells within the tumor. (lu.se)
To be able to identify new therapeutic targets or biomarkers affecting the tumour, it is important to define and analyse the cellular subsets in the tumor stroma, rather than treating the tumor as a bulk of cells. (lu.se)
Taken together, the overall aim of our work is to generate basic knowledge about the interdependent way cells within a tumor relate to each other, as well as produce information that will be immediately useful for the design and modification of clinical practice. (lu.se)

Therapies tailored to specific genetic lesions and diagnostic tests that assay for their respective molecular targets are now an established part of clinical practice across various tumour types, including chronic myeloid leukaemia 1 , gastrointestinal stromal tumours and epithelial tumours, such as breast and colon cancer 2 . (ersjournals.com)

Besides estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, novel biomarkers have shown their prognostic and predictive values, complicating our understanding towards to the heterogeneity of such cancers. (jcancer.org)
These findings demonstrate the extreme transcriptional heterogeneity of CAFs and its determination by apposition to tumor. (elifesciences.org)
The CSC is defined as a cancer cell with self-renewing capacity that can regenerate the original tumor in all its differentiated heterogeneity. (medscape.com)

Tumors involving other organs and the CNS (brain, spinal cord) are present in 25% of patients with VHL disease. (medscape.com)
Kang and his colleagues have shown that MTDH has two primary mechanisms: it helps tumors survive stresses they commonly experience as they grow or under the treatment of chemotherapy, plus it muzzles the alarm cry coming from organs invaded by tumors. (nextbigfuture.com)

von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease, or von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, is a rare genetic disorder characterized by visceral cysts and benign tumors in multiple organ systems that have subsequent potential for malignant change. (medscape.com)

Selective targeting of tumor-proximal subsets, potentially combined with HIF-1α inhibition and immune stimulation, may offer a multi-modal therapeutic approach for this disease. (elifesciences.org)
1 nM IC 50 ) to inhibition of two cell cycle-regulating proteins, polo-like kinase 1 and Aurora kinase A. Finally, we show that two of these cell lines, CUTO32 and CUTO42, successfully establish xenografted tumors in nude mice. (nih.gov)

Acute-onset sym- protein 1, and platelet-derived growth factor polypeptide metric polyarthritis, most often affecting the fingers, wrists, levels (data not shown), and macrophage inflammatory ankles, and knees, is the predominant clinical presentation. (cdc.gov)

The role of immunity in cancer is demonstrated by the predictive and prognostic role of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and immune response gene signatures. (wikipedia.org)
To illustrate, classification of breast cancer into four classes (ranking from ICR4 to ICR1) have shown better levels of immune anti-tumour response in ICR4 tumours, as well as a prolonged survival in comparison to ICR1-3 tumours. (wikipedia.org)
He continued: "Internally, the tumor cell needs MTDH to survive, and externally, it needs it to hide from the immune system. (nextbigfuture.com)

Medulloblastoma is the most common cancerous childhood brain tumor. (childrenscolorado.org)

Metallothionein stroma reaction in tumor adjacent healthy tissue in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and breast adenocarcinoma. (nel.edu)

It is from these studies that novel techniques seen to reduce the size of prostate tumor xenografts have had recent success using drugs injected into mice (Greco et al. (experts.com)

They went on to establish that autophagy in the host sustains levels of the amino acid arginine in the circulation, which is essential for tumor growth. (nasonline.org)

That's the best of all worlds: two mechanisms attacking a tumor, very few side effects on normal tissues, and best of all, this is not for one specific kind of cancer, but for all major kinds of cancers. (nextbigfuture.com)
A new study explains how a single bout of high-intensity exercise can boost tumor-suppressing mechanisms even in advanced prostate cancer. (medicalnewstoday.com)

In contrast, inflammatory CAFs were dominant within tumor-distal subsets and expressed complement components and the Wnt-inhibitor SFRP2. (elifesciences.org)

Investigators used CRISPR-Cas9 screening to determine which genes were essential for medulloblastoma tumor growth. (childrenscolorado.org)
The discovery targets the genes that sustain the tumor growth past the early stages with the drug mithramycin, which may be more effective than the current chemotherapy treatments. (lifeboat.com)
G9a-dependent H3K9 methylations (G9a) have been shown to mediate epigenetic silencing of several tumours suppressor genes including DSC3, MASPIN, and CDH1. (omicsonline.org)

Medulloblastoma, the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor , is a diverse and heterogenous disease with four major subgroups. (childrenscolorado.org)
In this pre-clinical study led by Rajeev Vibhakar, MD , investigators from multiple departments at Children's Hospital Colorado, including the Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program and the Neuro-Oncology Program for Children with Central Nervous System Tumors , sought to determine the effects of onvansertib on MYC-driven medulloblastoma as a monotherapy or in combination with radiation. (childrenscolorado.org)
Scientists on the quest to offer more hope for glioblastoma patients may have found a way to stop the growth of the deadly brain tumor . (lifeboat.com)

Sustaining proliferative signaling' further differentiates cancers with positive hormone receptors. (jcancer.org)
Preclinical results for VX-680 reported by Vertex scientists in early 2004 demonstrated for the first time that a compound targeting the Aurora mechanism could induce tumor regression in human models of solid tumor cancers. (vrtx.com)
In addition, most prostate cancers depend on androgens and androgen receptors for their growth. (medicalnewstoday.com)

All 18 patients received external beam radiation at the time of their initial diagnosis after surgical resection of the original tumor. (ajnr.org)

Dubbed as the "octopus tumor," the tumor can evade even the most aggressive surgeries, chemotherapies, and radiotherapies, leaving patients with a five-year survival rate of less than 10 percent. (lifeboat.com)
Clinical practice in colon cancer also reflects the need for mutational testing to identify patients most likely to benefit from cetuximab: patients whose tumours lack a KRAS mutation (also called wild-type) show significantly increased overall survival (OS) (median 9.5 versus 4.8 months) with cetuximab, whereas those with KRAS mutations do not benefit from therapy 4 . (ersjournals.com)

Furthermore, macrophages were shown to contribute to a niche that can support and maintain a breast CSC (BCSC) phenotype through heterotypic CD90/EphA4 signaling between macrophage and tumor cell 14 . (nature.com)
Human monocytes and mouse macrophages in tumor cocultures exhibited significantly different FAD mean lifetimes and greater migration than monocultures at 24, 48, and 72 hours postseeding. (aacrjournals.org)

The formulation displayed impressive oral bioavailability, sustained release, negligible cytotoxicity against THLE-2 normal human hepatocytes, low toxicity (high LD 50 ) and wide therapeutic window. (ac.ir)
The oncogenic kinase PLK1 controls cell cycle and growth and is a cancer therapeutic target. (childrenscolorado.org)
2010). Radiobiologists have valued this animal model for sustained grafted tumor growth, which permits fractionation considerations in therapeutic models, even for radiation therapy (Allam et al. (experts.com)

Because some patients have temporary enlargement of their tumor after radiosurgery, the need for surgical resection after radiosurgery should be reviewed with the neurosurgeon who performed the radiosurgery and should be delayed until sustained tumor growth is confirmed. (thejns.org)
A subtotal tumor resection should be considered for patients who require surgical resection of their tumor after vestibular schwannoma radiosurgery. (thejns.org)

Altogether, the myeloid compartment in the TME is heterogenous and varies across tumor types, individuals and tumor stage ( 23 ). (frontiersin.org)

The usefulness of determination of electrophoresis of serum proteins has been specially analysed to detect early development of malignant growths in patients with colonic polyps regarding alfa-1/alfa-2 and alfa/beta. (nel.edu)
These molecules that can suppress cancer cell growth include myokines, which are cytokines and other proteins secreted by the skeletal muscle fibers during physical activity. (medicalnewstoday.com)

EGFR is frequently activated in human tumors due to overexpression, mutation, or sustained autocrine/paracrine stimulation. (gla.ac.uk)

Xenografting is a common technique used by radiobiologists to test the characteristics of disease growth, inhibiting drugs, and tumor responses to drugs and radiation by the injection of tumors and drugs into nude mice. (experts.com)

Histopathologically healthy tumor adjacent tissue might be considered as a cancerization field which is typified by genetic changes required for the development of cancer. (nel.edu)
The original development and use of inbred mice for probing the genetic determinants of resistance and susceptibility to infections and tumors was documented from research by Clara J. Lynch (Morse 1978). (experts.com)
The principle of preferentially selecting patients most likely to benefit from therapy according to their genetic profile has led to substantial clinical benefit in some tumour types, and has potential to considerably refine treatment in advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (ersjournals.com)
Moreover, EOC is not a single disease, but a heterogenic group of tumors that can be classified by their genetic and histological features. (spandidos-publications.com)

Although a number of studies have shown that patients with activating mutations in exons 18-21 of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene respond particularly well to gefitinib and erlotinib, a prospective, randomised study was needed to differentiate between the prognostic and predictive value of EGFR mutations. (ersjournals.com)

As the market grows, so, too, does the list of diseases that new techniques in tissue growth could address. (corning.com)
One ultimate goal is for 3D culture to drive synthetic tissue and organ growth for transplants. (corning.com)
Abstract -- In order to determine a mouse's dose accurately and prior to engaging in live mouse radiobiological research , a tissue-equivalent tumor-bearing phantom mouse was constructed and bored to accommodate detectors. (experts.com)
3. Willing to provide an archival tumor tissue sample or a fresh tumor tissue sample. (who.int)
If germline positive for deleterious germline or somatic HRR gene mutations, an archived or fresh tumor tissue sample is not required. (who.int)

No other tumor type was increased significantly in either species. (cdc.gov)
1998). However, the chronic inhalation study with mice resulted in statisti- cally significantly increased incidences of bronchioloalveolar tumors in both male and female mice at the end of 2 yr, but not after 12 or 18 mo (Cruzan et al. (cdc.gov)

Breast cancer is a complex disease encompassing multiple tumor entities, each characterized by distinct morphology, behavior and clinical implications. (jcancer.org)
Different breast tumor subtypes have different risk factors, clinical presentation, histopathological features, outcome, and response to systemic therapies [ 3 - 8 ]. (jcancer.org)
As tumors are not conceivable as a single disease, breast cancer with different diagnostic features should differ in the hallmarks controlling their clinical differences. (jcancer.org)
Clinical hallmarks of VHL disease include the development of retinal and central nervous system (CNS) hemangioblastomas (blood vessel tumors), pheochromocytomas , multiple cysts in the pancreas and kidneys, and an increased risk for malignant transformation of renal cysts into renal cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)
This review considers the current evidence linking biomarker profile to efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted therapy in advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the clinical implications of recent findings. (ersjournals.com)
Tumor response to treatment, based on clinical findings, did not correlate well with conventional imaging findings. (ajnr.org)
Dynamic, contrast-enhanced MR imaging is a valuable adjunct to conventional imaging in assessing tumor activity during antiangiogenic therapy, and correlates better than conventional studies with clinical status and response to therapy. (ajnr.org)
Here, we combine spatial transcriptomics and scRNA-Seq datasets to define the transcriptome of tumor-proximal and tumor-distal cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and link this to clinical outcome. (elifesciences.org)
Here the authors use innovative approaches to combine spatial profiling with single cell transcriptomics to define tumor-proximal populations of fibroblasts that predict clinical outcome. (elifesciences.org)

Thus our findings unveil a novel molecular mechanism by which NRP1 can control EGFR signaling and tumor growth. (gla.ac.uk)

Here, we employ high-resolution intravital microscopy using a CSC biosensor to directly observe CSCs in live mice with mammary tumors. (nature.com)
[ 5 ] Obviously, the study of CSCs in any given tumor type, by proteomics or other approaches, requires prior validation of their actual existence. (medscape.com)

Type II (high-grade serous G2/G3, high-grade endometrioid G3 or carcinosarcoma) tumors are highly aggressive and genetically unstable tumors that most often present at advanced stages and are responsible for the majority of EOC-associated deaths ( 3 , 4 ). (spandidos-publications.com)

There is increasing evidence to support the concept that the malignant behavior of some tumors is sustained by the deregulated activation of growth factor receptors. (mcgill.ca)

Our previously funded research demonstrated that glutamine depletion in PDAC tumors has the capacity to modulate macropinocytosis - dialing the process up or down as required. (hhs.gov)
Based on these data, our central hypothesis is that aPKC signaling is integral to nutrient stress-driven macropinocytosis and that the aPKCs support metabolic stress tolerance in PDAC tumors. (hhs.gov)

Our work in the past few years has uncovered an important regulator of invasive cell growth, the Met receptor tyrosine kinase. (mcgill.ca)

Importantly, the cellular networks within tumors cannot be studied in isolation. (lu.se)

Bupivacaine was injected peritumorally at day 7 or day 14 post-tumor induction, and withdrawal thresholds in response to pressure and punctate mechanical stimulus were recorded from the knee and hind-paw, respectively. (amrita.edu)

We will focus on signals required for anchorage independent growth, morphological cell transformation, epithelial mesenchymal transition, cell invasion and tumorigenesis. (mcgill.ca)

Eileen White is a cancer biologist known for her work establishing that a DNA tumor virus oncogene functions by inhibiting programmed cell death by apoptosis and is a homologue of the human BCL-2 oncogene. (nasonline.org)
By studying how an oncogene encoded by the DNA tumor virus adenovirus promotes oncogenesis they established that it encoded a viral homologue of the human BCL-2 oncoprotein that blocked apoptosis by binding and inhibiting pro-apoptotic BCL-2 protein family members. (nasonline.org)
This suggests that the function of RON in these tumors may be multidimensional, not just as a tumor suppressor or oncogene. (spandidos-publications.com)
Sprouty1 (SPRY1) appears to act as a tumour suppressor in cancer, whereas we demonstrated that SPRY2 functions as a putative oncogene in colorectal cancer. (omicsonline.org)

Background: Cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) is a debilitating chronic pain condition caused by injury to bone nerve terminals due to primary or metastasized bone tumors. (amrita.edu)
Recently the Styrene Information and Re- search Center (SIRC) conducted subchronic and chronic inhalation studies exposing both rats and mice to various concentrations of ST. No evidence of treatment-related increases in any type of tumor was observed in rats, com- pared to controls, at the end of the 2-yr inhalation study (Cruzan et al. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy21

Organisms12

Diseases81

Chemicals and Drugs56

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment46

Phenomena and Processes44

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Health Care4

Microenvironment12

Progression17

Metastasis8

Solid tumors4

Pathways4

Primary tumors3

Malignant tumors3

Circulating tumor cells1

Inflammation7

Proliferation3

Drive tumor1

Malignancy4

Pancreatic4

Prognosis4

Collectively3

Metastatic3

Cells51

Stromal1

Heterogeneity3

Organs2

Benign1

Inhibition2

Platelet-Derive1

Immune3

Cancerous1

Stroma1

Xenografts1

Essential for tumor1

Mechanisms2

Subsets1

Genes3

Brain tumor3

Cancers3

Original tumor1

Survival2

Macrophages2

Therapeutic3

Surgical resection2

Heterogenous1

Proteins2

Mutation1

Nude mice1

Genetic4

Prognostic1

Tissue5

Significantly2

Clinical9

EGFR1

CSCs2

Aggressive1

Behavior1

PDAC2

Invasive1

Cellular1

Induction1

Epithelial1

Oncogene4

Chronic2