• The proportions and overall quantity of microalgal feed species varies with larval stage, and the quantity is gradually increased as larvae grow until they metamorphose into the doliolaria or non-feeding phase (around day 17. (wikipedia.org)
  • Around day 19 of development the larvae transform into their pentacula phase and settle. (wikipedia.org)
  • Monarch lethal and sub-lethal responses were tracked over their complete development, from early instar larvae to adult death. (nature.com)
  • The eggs eventually hatch into larvae, the first larval stage of beetle development. (insecta-inspecta.com)
  • farauti larvae was investigated by longitudinally following the development and survival of different densities of first instars in floating cages in a river-mouth lagoon. (edu.au)
  • farauti larvae are found raises questions regarding the ability to effectively control the larvae, as incomplete larviciding could trigger density dependent effects resulting in increased larval survivorship. (edu.au)
  • In this study, we successfully established aging larval zebrafish by exposing larvae to 2 mM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). (bvsalud.org)
  • Different fishing methods were used to capture larvae, juveniles, and adults. (scielo.br)
  • Three diets for A. darlingi larvae were tested in order to arrive at the following parameters indicative of development in this phase: length of time, both for overall as for each stage of evolution and daily and total stage-survival. (scielo.org)
  • These larvae predictably transition from living in social groups to living solitarily during the 3rd instar of development. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This was done using RNA interference (RNAi) methods by feeding second instar larvae synthetic dsRNAs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • First, during development these larvae predictably transition from living socially to solitarily, with the 3rd instar as the transition stage [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 0.05) difference in the survival rate of larvae cultured under three different feeding regimes. (madridge.org)
  • Imaging of cod and halibut larvae was based on a staining method with a double staining solution in which bones and cartilage are stained (Alazarin red and Alcian blue). (matis.is)
  • All larval instars were susceptible to azadirachtin, but the stomach and contact toxicities diminished as the larvae matured. (bioone.org)
  • The tested concentrations significantly affected the survival of neonate larvae from treated eggs, especially larvae that emerged from eggs treated 3 d after deposition. (bioone.org)
  • Gruffydd L.D., Beaumont A.R., 1972, A method for rearing Pecten maximus larvae in laboratory. (alr-journal.org)
  • Mosquito larvae are aquatic and go through four development stages (larval instars L1-L4) before pupation. (cdc.gov)
  • Environmental temperature affects Anopheles survival directly during the juvenile and adult stages, and indirectly, since temperature during larval development significantly influences adult survival. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Benthic species connectivity in the marine environment relies on the degree of exchange of pelagic larval stages from habitats where adult populations spawn and subsequent recruitment in areas where the juveniles can survive to sexual maturity. (frontiersin.org)
  • Beetle reproduction unfolds through a series of essential stages, each contributing to the species' overall survival and proliferation. (insecta-inspecta.com)
  • Lentils in full bloom here were host to larval stages of Helicoverpa and were detected at the rate of 2 caterpillars per 10 sweeps of the sweep net. (cesaraustralia.com)
  • Skeletal defects such as skulls do not appear until the later stages of larval rearing and it is therefore important to develop an easy method of diagnosis earlier in the process. (matis.is)
  • These are critical stages for both larval development and adult growth/regeneration but temporally and spatially separated. (gu.se)
  • This model, which is based on the assumption that development of immature stages is linear, has been known for several decades ( Higley, Pedigo & Ostlie, 1986 ), but it is still not established for the majority of forensically important species of invertebrates, which would be a great contribution to legal investigations. (peerj.com)
  • Though many species of sea cucumbers can be induced to spawn using both of these methods, temperature shock is usually considered to be the preferred method. (wikipedia.org)
  • Spawning induction and successful fertilization has only been achieved in some species of sea cucumbers and the likelihood that a method will work or not is highly dependent on the species. (wikipedia.org)
  • The breeding of octopus in captivity is one of the technological developments that has taken the longest to develop due to the special larval characteristics of this species. (foodnavigator.com)
  • They serve as intricate mechanisms that underpin the survival and adaptation of beetle species. (insecta-inspecta.com)
  • However, there are survival strategies that might not attract as much attention in media as bright warning colors and camouflage which render species virtually invisible, but are nonetheless sophisticated adaptations for surviving predators. (terrariedjur.se)
  • Center for Species Survival (CSS) scientist Mary Hagedorn is pioneering low-cost, high-impact reproductive technology to offset the effects of climate change on reefs. (si.edu)
  • Established the first frozen repositories for nine coral species in the United States and Australia, containing 1 trillion frozen sperm and 3 billion frozen larval cells. (si.edu)
  • Methods are successful with all coral species tested, making these practices widely applicable for all coral and extremely practical to teach to professionals worldwide. (si.edu)
  • The spawning behavior and the rapid larval development of this species appear to be adaptations for the use of temporary waters as a spawning ground. (bioone.org)
  • Species vary in the duration of larval development, and a variety of external factors affect the development rate (e.g., water temperature, food type, and larval density), which are discussed more thoroughly elsewhere. (cdc.gov)
  • For most Anopheles species, larval-pupal metamorphosis commences 1 wk after egg hatching. (cdc.gov)
  • Various species act as intermediate hosts, serving the larval form of the parasite (ie, metacestode). (medscape.com)
  • had higher fecundity, but there was reduced larval survival relative to females that were fed the diatom Thalassiosira sp. (alaska.edu)
  • We also include optional methods for estimating life history traits such as fecundity, fertility, and larval mortality rates from egg counts. (cdc.gov)
  • To determine if host plant abundance determined the size of clover root weevil (CRW) Sitona obsoletus larval populations, a study was conducted over 4 years in plots sown in ryegrass ( Lolium perenne ) (cv. (frontiersin.org)
  • 2010. Effects of soil conditions and drought on egg hatching and larval survival of the clover root weevil (Sitona lepidus) . (hutton.ac.uk)
  • The composition and micro-distribution of larval instars within a large permanent river-mouth lagoon was examined with a longitudinal survey. (edu.au)
  • Significant slowdown of immature (larval and pupal) development and decrease in adult emergence rate after treatment with sub-lethal doses of the bacterium were also detected. (bvsalud.org)
  • In general, transgenic events had no significant effect on larval survival (P= 0.28) and pupal (P = 0.86) development, though maximum pupation of 96% was observed on event CIP410009.12 that had very low expression levels of cry3Ca1 gene. (sweetpotatoknowledge.org)
  • Azadirachtin also prolonged larval development and duration of the pupal stage. (bioone.org)
  • Analysis relating spring (October) larval populations to % white clover measured in each plot in autumn (April) found the 2012 larval population to be statistically significantly larger in the ryegrass 6 kg/ha plots than 30 kg/ha plots. (frontiersin.org)
  • In conclusion, our results show that abiotic factors strongly influence the temporal pattern of reproductive activity and larval assemblages of both L. grossidens and P. platana in Peri Lagoon, Brazil. (scielo.br)
  • Reproductive processes in marine invertebrates are often timed to correspond with seasonal patterns in primary production, such that dietary FA and other nutrients can be partitioned to eggs to provide energy for cell division and biomolecules needed for membrane development. (alaska.edu)
  • In chapter 1, I describe a novel live-spawning method and quantify basic reproductive parameters for P. californicus. (alaska.edu)
  • In chapter 2, I present the results of feeding experiments that explore the effects of two mono-specific algal feeds with different FA profiles on female reproductive output and pre-feeding larval fitness. (alaska.edu)
  • These results further the understanding of dietary factors affecting reproductive fitness in deposit feeders by demonstrating the importance of diet and lipid storage to gonad development. (alaska.edu)
  • Considerable emphasis has been given for the development of reproductive techniques viz. (madridge.org)
  • This provided a range of % white clover content to investigate CRW population establishment and impacts on white clover survival. (frontiersin.org)
  • The feasibility and potential effectiveness of LSM requires information on the distribution of anophelines, the productivity of larval habitats and the potential impacts of larval control on adult fitness. (edu.au)
  • Overall, we found no impact of any pesticide on immature development time and relatively weak effects on larval herbivory or survival to adulthood. (nature.com)
  • The LC 25 and LC 50 dosages had no effect on larval hatch when applied directly to the eggs on different days after deposition, but the LC 90 treatment retarded hatch from eggs treated 1 to 3 d after deposition. (bioone.org)
  • In addition, this method was the most labour intensive in terms of frequent replacement of root chips for weevil development. (sweetpotatoknowledge.org)
  • Larval rearing was carried out in 250-L rectangular tanks using phytoplanktons Nannochloropsis oculata and Chlorella salina (1:1 proportion at 1-5 × 106 cells ml− 1), along with different combinations of live micro zooplanktons: Diet I (Brachionus rotundiformis from 1 to 7 dph and Brachionus plicatilis from 8 to 18 dph), Diet II (ciliates Euplotes sp. (researchgate.net)
  • Malaria transmission depends on vector life-history parameters and population dynamics, and particularly on the survival of adult Anopheles mosquitoes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a chronic infection caused by the larval stage of the Echinococcus multilocularis tapeworm and commonly manifests within the liver. (cdc.gov)
  • Infection with the larval form of E multilocularis causes alveolar echinococcosis (AE). (medscape.com)
  • Currently, the Kato-Katz technique, a procedure that requires microscopic examination of stool specimens and is both time and labor intensive, is the most widely used method to identify S. mansoni infection and the primary source of data for calculating infection prevalence [4] , [5] . (cdc.gov)
  • Does White Clover (Trifolium repens) Abundance in Temperate Pastures Determine Sitona obsoletus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Larval Populations? (frontiersin.org)
  • The small root egg plug bioassay required much fewer roots and experimental insects to assess larval mortality and development. (sweetpotatoknowledge.org)
  • The differential expression patterns in D. arcuata together with associations with social behavior in other insects led us to test OAR function in D. arcuata larval grouping behavior. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Larval sampling was carried out in spring (October) when larval densities are near their spring peak at Lincoln (Canterbury, New Zealand) with % clover measured in autumn (April) and spring (September) of each year. (frontiersin.org)
  • When CRW larval populations in spring 2013 to 2015 were predicted from the 2013 to 2015 autumn % white clover, respectively, based on their positive relationship in 2012, the predicted densities were substantially larger than those observed. (frontiersin.org)
  • Conversely, when 2015 spring larval data and % clover was regressed against 2012-2014 larval populations, observed densities tended to be higher than predicted, but the numbers came closer to predicted for the 2013 and 2014 populations. (frontiersin.org)
  • FA composition differed significantly among females with different gonad maturation periods in skin, viscera, and gonads, suggesting the use of lipids stored in skin and viscera for gonad development. (alaska.edu)
  • There was a significant decline in larval populations between 2012 and 2013, but spring populations were relatively uniform thereafter. (frontiersin.org)
  • Thereafter, sowing rate had no significant effect on larval populations. (frontiersin.org)
  • From 2013 to 2015, spring larval populations had a negative relationship with the previous autumn % white clover with the relationship highly significant for the 2014 data. (frontiersin.org)
  • The locations were ranked according to each metric and those with higher larval export rates, a higher diversity of larval sources and a high degree of successful larval contribution to other sites were deemed crucial for the management of wild populations. (frontiersin.org)
  • Larval exchange is considered ecologically relevant if the demography of local populations is impacted by the transport between two sites ( Cowen and Sponaugle, 2009 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • These findings are relevant for the management of commercially harvested populations of P. californicus because they more accurately define spawning seasons, and provide a reliable method to spawn captive animals for further aquaculture development. (alaska.edu)
  • A methodology which combined two vital statistical methods of analysis, adjusted to the study of populations under laboratory conditions, was used for determining these parameters. (scielo.org)
  • During this process, the larval tissues break down into individual cells and then reorganize into the organs and tissues required for the adult fly. (msudev.com)
  • However, depending on the amount of food provided, H(2)O temperature, and larval density, the pupation process can be accelerated or delayed. (cdc.gov)
  • Notably, no harmful effects of ZNGs on larval development, lifespan, fertility as well as neuromuscular functionality were highlighted in this excellent model for environmental nanotoxicology. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The larval-stage parasite is composed of microcysts that become fertile by producing a form termed the protoscolex, which is able to recreate the adult worm in the definitive host. (medscape.com)
  • Temperature during larval development and adult maintenance influences the survival of Anopheles gambiae s.s. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Data currently exist on the influence of constant and fluctuating adult environmental temperature on adult Anopheles gambiae s.s. survival and on the effect of larval environmental temperature on larval survival, but none on how larval temperature affects adult life-history parameters. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Once established, members of the important African Anopheles gambiae complex thrive following a standard protocol and are predictable in growth and development rates. (cdc.gov)
  • Accurate determination of developmental timing helps elucidate the molecular and physiological bases of biological events and may uncover new factors regulating development and lifespan. (elifesciences.org)
  • Development of proper husbandry is required for the sustainable aquaculture development in the hill region. (madridge.org)
  • Hydatidosis or hydatid cyst is a prevalent zoonosis all over the world due to larval forms of the tapeworm of the genus Echinococcus. (bvsalud.org)
  • Nutrition plays significant role in the survival, growth and physiology of fish. (madridge.org)
  • Since the BMP system also plays a fundamental role in embryonic and larval development it is if significant interest to identify possible common regulatory pathways. (gu.se)
  • The most obvious question is how increasing temperatures associated with climate change will affect mosquito longevity and the duration of the parasite's development within the mosquito, two of the most influential parameters underlying the transmission of mosquito-borne diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
  • however, survival of juveniles is better if they are allowed to grow to 20 mm before transferral to sand. (wikipedia.org)
  • The whole root bioassay had less handling injuries to weevils compared with other methods. (sweetpotatoknowledge.org)
  • Hence, the most appropriate method for testing Bt efficacy in sweetpotato is the small root egg-plug bioassay. (sweetpotatoknowledge.org)
  • Two bioassay methods were utilized in these investigations. (who.int)
  • Under severe larval infestations, a decrease in percent foliar N levels in spring can occur, with subsequent reductions in herbage dry matter (DM) yield levels ( Gerard, 2002 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • These results provide evidence that regulation of the octopamine receptor gene influences social grouping in D. arcuata , and that specifically, a decrease in octopamine receptor expression triggers the larval transition from social to solitary. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study we test the hypothesis that a decrease in octopamine receptor expression triggers the larval transition from social to solitary. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During 2015-2017, we collected fecal samples from 460 wild canids (416 coyotes, 44 foxes) during postmortem examination and analyzed them by using a semiautomated magnetic capture probe DNA extraction and real-time PCR method for E. multilocularis DNA. (cdc.gov)
  • This development is important because coyotes can expedite the spread of E. multilocularis tapeworms because they have larger home ranges compared with red foxes ( 11 ). (cdc.gov)
  • After fertilization, females carefully select optimal egg-laying sites, considering factors such as food availability and environmental suitability, ultimately ensuring the survival of their offspring. (insecta-inspecta.com)
  • Image analysis is considered an interesting choice of analytical method which allows detection of tissue structures and analysis of the effects of various factors on tissue structure and various quality parameters. (matis.is)
  • Previous work in our group on Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) and nervous system development has highlighted the important role that these growth factors appear to play in key aspects of adult growth and regenerative development. (gu.se)
  • Upon emergence into imagoes, individual adult females were either left at their larval temperature or placed at a different temperature within the range above. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Subsequently, females lay eggs, each carefully positioned in a specific habitat chosen to optimize the survival prospects of their future offspring. (insecta-inspecta.com)
  • The data also suggest that differences between the temperatures of the larval and adult environments affects adult mosquito survival. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 2002. Exposure of red-legged frog embryos to ambient UV-B in the field negatively affects larval growth and development. (crbdirt.com)
  • to employ this information to explore the affects of predicted near-future levels ocean acidification on development and regeneration. (gu.se)
  • The embryonic development and colour changes of eggs during incubation were documented. (researchgate.net)
  • Intermediate hosts (e.g., small rodents) acquire the larval stage by ingestion of infective eggs in the environment. (cdc.gov)
  • In humans, AE is characterized by a lengthy clinical incubation period of 5-15 years, during which the larval stage typically proliferates within the liver, behaving similarly to infiltrative hepatic neoplasia ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The effect of a 4°C increase in larval temperature from 27°C to 31°C depended on the adult environmental temperature. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, temperature also shapes mosquito life-history traits that are associated with vector-competence and determines mosquito population density: a warmer environment leads to faster development and smaller adults. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Wild collected beetles were kept in climate chambers at constant temperature (12, 15, 18, 21 and 28 °C) and their development was regularly documented. (peerj.com)
  • Courtship behaviour, captive breeding, embryonic and larval developments of Nemateleotris decora and its rearing with suitable live feed were described. (researchgate.net)
  • Maintaining animals in captivity for lengthy periods, however, can disrupt behavioural development and contribute to high mortality after release into the wild. (edu.au)
  • Behavioural changes induced by on-growing in captivity do not appear to influence post-release behaviour or survival. (edu.au)
  • Here, we identify that the larval zebrafish unpaired pre-anal fin fold (PAFF) is derived from the LPM and thus may represent a developmental intermediate between median and paired fins. (bvsalud.org)
  • They are important for all aspects of fitness and survival as well as offering key insights into fundamental developmental pathways. (gu.se)
  • to develop a deep understanding of key early developmental events shared in both larval and adult echinoderms, with a special emphasis on cell lineage and skeletogenesis. (gu.se)
  • The methodology provided estimations (mean, standard error and standard deviation) of S. watsoni larval head capsule width for preliminary larval instar determination. (peerj.com)
  • Neither training method was necessary, however, because released lobsters resumed normal nocturnal activity and displayed appropriate anti-predator behaviour. (edu.au)
  • Conclusions: The only documented major malaria vector collected in larval surveys in both Central and Western Provinces was An. (edu.au)
  • Pescanova further claims the survival rate of a wild octopus is 0.0001% while, a figure it estimated can be raised to 50% in aquaculture. (foodnavigator.com)
  • Historically, in patients from Alaska, France, and Germany, the average survival rate 10 years after diagnosis was 29% when left untreated ( 7 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The advent of benzimidazole chemotherapy has increased the 10-year survival rate to ≈80% ( 8 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The first month after hatching is particularly crucial and mortality during the larval phases is particularly high. (wikipedia.org)
  • This is a crucial stage in the development of a fly as it undergoes a complete metamorphosis, transforming from a soft-bodied maggot to a fully formed and functional adult. (msudev.com)
  • can have 4 to 5 generations per season, with larval activity increasing in warmer conditions, the key monitoring period for these pests has well and truly begun. (cesaraustralia.com)
  • After aligning the octopamine gene isoforms using Clustal Omega ( https://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/msa/clustalo/ ), conserved regions were used for siRNA design using Dharmacon's siDESIGN tool ( https://horizondiscovery.com/en/products/tools/siDESIGN-Center ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Current research project Our overall aim is to achieve a better understanding of gene regulatory pathways common to both embryonic/larval development and adult regeneration in echinoderms, especially the brittlestar A. filiformis. (gu.se)
  • The life cycle is completed when a definitive host consumes an intermediate host containing the larval stage. (cdc.gov)
  • Survival and movement of na‚àövòve juvenile spiny lobsters returned to the wild, Journal of experimental marine biology and ecology, 324(1), 20-30. (edu.au)
  • 1999. Henry's law constants for a diverse set of organic chemicals Experimental determination and comparison of estimation methods. (cdc.gov)
  • While this reduction is partly due to the indirect effect of habitat loss (i.e., large fields with frequent herbicide inputs have fewer floral resources), intensification can also have direct effects by exposing individuals to pesticide residues that increase mortality or impair development. (nature.com)
  • 3. King and Tanner Crab Research 2006-2007 pilot experiments: effects of pH change on growth and survival of blue king crab. (presentica.com)
  • The effects of azadirachtin on the development and mortality of T. rufivena were determined. (bioone.org)
  • The extracts were assessed for Possible abortifacient effects by an in vitro method of testing for uterotonic activity. (who.int)
  • An in vivo method was utilized in order to determine any anti-implantation, early abortifacient and/or foetal resorption effects of these extracts. (who.int)
  • Some development of black scour worms may occur until maximum temperatures fall below 15°C, but in this region barber's pole worm control is the more important consideration. (wormboss.com.au)
  • The root chip method was the least desirable because of susceptibility to fungal and bacterial contamination. (sweetpotatoknowledge.org)
  • However, the method that has been used to differentiate type II muscle fibers into subtypes IIA and IIB is excluded, but it was found that the response with that method was not decisive and it is therefore appropriate to point out the use of other and more precise methods. (matis.is)
  • Ontario hydro baseline toxicity testing of potash using standard acute and chronic methods: ASI Project E9015. (crbdirt.com)
  • Methods: A cross-sectional study for diagnostic accuracy was conducted from May 2016 to October 2016. (bvsalud.org)
  • METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2016 among Gob Gob Primary School children. (bvsalud.org)
  • Similar rates of larval development were recorded in both feed treatments. (alaska.edu)