Surplus value processes of capital process of human capital accumulation. Medical search. Frequent questions

The first is the unity of capitalism's social functioning throughout all its development - from merchant and usury capital to industrial capitalism. (libcom.org)
First, he sees the movements of capitalist society and of capital as an evolution of the social relations of production, and, secondly, he uses this basis in order to reject the various reactionary Utopias that flourished spontaneously in Russia at the end of the 19th century in response to the impetuous development of capitalism. (libcom.org)
8] Lenin is very insistent in his arguments against the 'sentimental critique' of capitalism, and on his stress on capital's historical necessity and progressiveness, but his analysis of the process of socialization induced by capitalist development against the 'disruption' of the artisan.peasant economy (i.e. of capital in its mercantile' stage) remains unilateral and limited. (libcom.org)
In the process he butchers the tools Marx developed for understanding the dynamics of capitalism. (isj.org.uk)
Speaking endlessly of the "law of value" and the centrality of labour productivity, Moore nevertheless replaces the role Marx assigned human labour as the source of all value in the dynamics of capitalism with a notion that the energy and fertility of non-human nature is what drives economic growth and decline. (isj.org.uk)
Moore never makes an argument against exploited human labour as the source of all value in capitalism, and yet use values continue to creep into his account of both how capitalists accumulate and how their system booms and busts. (isj.org.uk)
Capitalism is the stage in the development of human society characterised by class monopoly of the means of production, with wage-labour and commodity-production. (worldsocialism.org)
I argue that sustainability (or a healthy environment) can be seen as an "ecological social wage" under capitalism and has to be fought for as a part of a larger fight against the various logics of capitalism, such as endless accumulation, and against the system as a whole. (socialistproject.ca)
The threat to sustainability under capitalism does not come from the fact that there are too many people on earth, nor from the fact that some erstwhile poor countries are consuming more things to live a slightly better life, nor indeed from human beings' productive activity as such (e.g. industrialization), although all these facts do involve increased extraction of resources from nature. (socialistproject.ca)
How labour became such a commodity before the rise of capitalism is the subject of Part 8 of Capital, which deals with primitive or original accumulation. (davidharvey.org)
Liberal privacy philosophy tends to ignore the political economy of privacy in capitalism that can mask socio-economic inequality and protect capital and the rich from public accountability. (mdpi.com)
Jason W. Moore 's Capitalism in the Web of Life: Ecology and the Accumulation of Capital (Verso 2015) is an important book, in that it brings together the immense resources of world systems theory, critical geography and a certain strain of 'green' Marxism. (publicseminar.org)
Moore: "The choice is between a Cartesian paradigm that locates capitalism outside of nature, acting upon it, and a way of seeing capitalism as project and process within the web of life. (publicseminar.org)

Those arguments were constructed during the critical period of primitive accumulation, and as a result, Luxemburg considered the context for land and natural resource dispossession, migrant labor, and ethno-patriarchal rule. (cadtm.org)
In the process, Luxemburg described and also theorized how settler colonialism's primitive accumulation was not a once-off affliction. (cadtm.org)
Marx says little, outside the section of Capital vol 1 on 'so-called primitive accumulation, about the role of force in establishing and maintaining the whole system of commodity production and exchange, let alone that of specifically capitalist development. (plutobooks.com)

There Marx referred to "the squandering of the vitality of the soil" by large-scale capitalist enterprise, generating "an irreparable rift in the interdependent process of social metabolism, a metabolism prescribed by the natural laws of life itself. (monthlyreview.org)
For Marx, as for Liebig, this robbery was not of course confined simply to external nature, since humans as corporeal beings were themselves part of nature. (monthlyreview.org)
6 Bourgeois ideology and economics may wish coal could be turned into capital, but Marx showed that the only part of capitalist production that can increase the size of capital is exploited human labour. (isj.org.uk)
Once again this validates the thesis of Marx that it is always necessary to mobilise more constant capital in relation to variable capital to increase the productivity of labour - to put it another way, to concentrate crystallised labour as opposed to living labour, which means increasing the rate of exploitation. (libcom.org)
Today, over a hundred years after the publication of the first volume of Capital, the interest in the ideas of Karl Marx is wider than ever. (worldsocialism.org)
In capitalist society, Marx said, wealth takes the form of an immense accumulation of commodities. (worldsocialism.org)
It is widely believed that Marx adapted the labour theory of value from Ricardo as a founding concept for his studies of capital accumulation. (davidharvey.org)
While the steps in the argument are complicated, Marx appears to have done little more than synthesize and formalize Ricardo's labour theory of value by embedding it in the totality of circulation and accumulation as depicted in Figure 1. (davidharvey.org)
Marx extensively discusses one of these, the 'hidden abode' of production, where labour power purchased in the market-place loses its freedom and is subjected to the despotic rule of capital as its energies are converted into abstract labour. (plutobooks.com)

In both instances, Marx's notion of the robbery of the soil is intrinsically connected to the rift in the metabolism between human beings and the earth. (monthlyreview.org)
4 The expropriation of nature in capitalist society thus had its counterpart, in Marx's analysis, in the expropriation of human bodily existence. (monthlyreview.org)
1 Part Two seeks to explain this in terms of Marx's theory of value, first by visiting the debate in the 1960s and '70s between dependency theory and its "orthodox" Marxist critics, then by reflecting on V.I. Lenin's theory of imperialism, and concluding with a critical re-reading of Marx's Capital . (monthlyreview.org)
A simple but crude analogy for Marx's argument might be this: the human body depends for its vitality upon the circulation of the blood, which has no being outside of the human body. (davidharvey.org)
Colin Barker shows how Social Reproduction Theory can 'stretch' the language of Marxism by going beyond Marx's Capital . (plutobooks.com)
The second strategy set out to protect the unitary status of Marxist theory, and to achieve this through immanent critique of the categories of Marx's thought themselves, exploring the 'limits to Capital ' with a view to resolving the dilemmas posed by their gaps and silences. (plutobooks.com)

In this very informal post I'll take a look at David Harvey's The Enigma of Capital , because I want to see if Harvey's conceptual toolkit can give an account of the statistical and conceptual Bermuda Triangle of what's happening with our shipping and the supply chain generally. (nakedcapitalism.com)

Class inequality refers to the inequality in the control over society's productive resources, including those that come directly from nature (farm land, water, minerals, etc.), and consequent class exploitation (appropriation of surplus product or surplus labour, by the class that controls the means of production from the class that does not). (socialistproject.ca)

a world where all that one has seems to come from economic activity and not from the ecological processes which underlie and sustain all living existence. (dissidentvoice.org)
Humanity, therefore, is facing issues of ecological survival on two levels: (1) a still reversible but rapidly worsening Earth System crisis, threatening to undermine civilization as a whole and make the planet uninhabitable for the human species, and (2) accelerating extreme weather and other ecological disasters associated with climate change that are now unavoidable in the coming decades, affecting localities and regions throughout the globe. (transcend.org)

It fulfils all the functions of industrial capital (financial, commercial and productive) and draws advantage from this integration, notably by controlling flows of money, which means at the same time maximum capture of surplus value (which it does not have to share with other companies) and the acceleration of the turnover of its capital. (libcom.org)
As a mode or system of accumulation, the logic of speculation is dominated by the generation and production of surplus via financial channels, and especially by movements and flows in and of money. (sup.org)
I suggest that it is along the flows of this indeterminate and nonchronological time that strategies to generate surplus via money and finance subsist, and it is the nonsynchronous tempos and rhythms of this time that mark the distinctiveness of a mode of social organization ordered by a logic of speculation. (sup.org)
I suggest that in the time of speculation (or the time of money) a range of sociotechnical devices-schedules, contracts, and timetables-bind people and their practices to a mode of accumulation centering on the generation of surplus from flows of money, including from flows of everyday money. (sup.org)
Reduction in tariffs and removal of barriers to capital flows have spurred the migration of production to low-wage countries, but militarization of borders and rising xenophobia have had the opposite effect on the migration of workers from these countries-not stopping it altogether, but inhibiting its flow and reinforcing migrants' vulnerable, second-class status. (monthlyreview.org)

not only the product of labour but labour itself, i.e. human labour power, assumes the form of a commodity' [2] Lenin thus lays a sound foundation for his polemic with the Populists (the Narodniks). (libcom.org)
But the circulation of capital presupposes the prior existence of wage labour as a commodity that can be bought and sold in the market (chapter 6). (davidharvey.org)
This is so because the search for profit and surplus value propel the commodity exchanges, which in turn promote and sustain the value form. (davidharvey.org)

These capitals, who wouldn't exist on the world market (and perhaps not at all) without Amazon, have the function of taking on basic industrial risk, that of failing to realise the value and surplus value contained in commodities. (libcom.org)
As articles of wealth all commodities share two characteristics: they are useful and they are products of human labour. (worldsocialism.org)
As a result, factories freely cross the U.S.-Mexican border and pass with ease through the walls of Fortress Europe, as do the commodities produced in them and the capitalists who own them, but the human beings who work in them have no right of passage. (monthlyreview.org)

Italian Marxist Raniero Panzieri on the concept of surplus value, and planning. (libcom.org)
An attempt to understand the functioning of one the world's most powerful companies using marxist categories - explaining how Amazon manages to combine the functions of productive, comercial and finance capital. (libcom.org)
Interesting ourselves in the functioning and the evolving realities of capital, making use of and verifying the operation of Marxist categories, is a basic theoretical and practical task for communists. (libcom.org)
Marxism, they maintained, had not only failed to explain the Holocaust, its very occurrence called into question the Marxist conception that socialism arose out of fundamental historical and economic processes. (wsws.org)
An analysis based on Marxist thinking sheds light on what moved that process. (peoplesworld.org)
In 1913, Rosa Luxemburg's The Accumulation of Capital offered a unique contribution to the Marxist theory of imperialism partly because she drew on primary accounts of Africa's super-exploitation, with nuanced attention to the social formation emerging in South Africa. (cadtm.org)

First, since we do, after all, live in a capitalist society, I'll give Harvey's definition of capital, and then his definition of crisis, which focuses on blockaged that prevent the circulation of capital. (nakedcapitalism.com)

The ecology of the earth stabilized following the total freezing of the earth's surface 700 or 800 million years ago, stabilized following the great Permian extinction and will stabilize after the human industrial extinction to which we presently contribute. (dissidentvoice.org)
In the present study the case of Paliyan tribe is taken up to assess the impact of changing ecology and economy and the extent of developmental process initiated by both government and non-government agencies to bring them into the national mainstream along with the degree. (bibliaimpex.com)

Capitalists - those who set this process in motion - take on many different personae. (nakedcapitalism.com)
By siphoning off that additional surplus value, the capitalists maintain their profits and impose lower wages for longer and more intense working days. (cadtm.org)

In order to develop an understanding of the breadth of capital's tyranny we must account for the reproduction of life and recognise how gender and race oppression is crucial to capital accumulation. (plutobooks.com)
Many comrades break out in cold sweat when they ponder a society in which both humans and animals alike are liberated from exploitation and oppression, since it would mean giving up their meat and cheese. (tierrechtsgruppe-zh.ch)

And vice versa, if production relations remain unexplained (for example if the process of production of the aggregate social capital is not understood) all arguments about consumption and distribution turn into banalities, or innocent, romantic wishes. (libcom.org)
In proposing that the logic of speculation must be understood both as a mode of accumulation centered on finance and money and as a specific mode of social organization, The Time of Money is necessarily making a further claim, namely, that the logic of speculation must be understood as a rationality that defines the telos of action. (sup.org)
Value formation likewise cannot be understood outside of the circulation process that houses it. (davidharvey.org)
The political form of the human as understood here is fundamentally tied to all aspects of human relations, and as such when changed will come with a corresponding fundamental change in our political arrangements. (theanarchistlibrary.org)

Keeping insolvent banks alive with capital infusions from the government merely postpones the inevitable failure of a large segment of the US banking industry, while damaging the rest of the economy. (dissidentvoice.org)
But is it, in fact, inevitable that new phases of accumulation will emerge from the aftermath of what now promises to be an enormous and protracted shake-out? (newleftreview.org)

Food is a basic human need and plays a crucial role in the agro-based economy of Bangladesh, where a large proportion of the income of the population is allocated to food. (who.int)

[vii] Value passes through phases of production (where surplus-value is generated), of realisation and of distribution in repeated circuits of expanded societal reproduction that incorporate and subordinate ever-widening fields of human social activity. (plutobooks.com)

The concept of capital as a process - as value in motion - based on the purchase of labour power and means of production is inextricably interwoven with the emergence of the value form. (davidharvey.org)

This book sketches a road map of privatisation, accumulation and dispossession of communal land in the tribal areas of North East India from pre-colonial times to the neo-liberal era. (bibliaimpex.com)

This was visible in the many forms of bonded labor, in the conditions of social reproduction in the patriarchal household, and in the destructive physical impacts and the loss of the vital powers of individual human beings. (monthlyreview.org)

In effect, contrary to appearances, Amazon is far from only being active in the sphere of commercial capital. (libcom.org)
Value thereby becomes an embedded regulatory norm in the sphere of exchange only under conditions of capital accumulation. (davidharvey.org)

Robbing the worker" referred to the theory of exploitation, which entailed the expropriation of the worker's surplus labor by the capitalist. (monthlyreview.org)

Such an absolute catastrophe for civilization and the human species as a whole is still avoidable with a revolutionary-scale reconstitution of the current system of production, consumption, and energy usage, though the time in which to act is rapidly running out. (transcend.org)
The fifth scenario (SSP5-8.5) points to an increase in the global average temperature of 4.4°C (best estimate)-spelling the collapse of civilization and absolute disaster for the human species. (transcend.org)
And anyway: Friedrich Engels already made fun of the "Herren Vegetarianer" who underestimated the importance of meat consumption in the history of human civilization and who were, at best, utopian socialists. (tierrechtsgruppe-zh.ch)

Like Sismondi, the Populists separate consumption from production claiming that production depends on natural laws, while consumption is determined by distribution, which in turn depends on human will. (libcom.org)
Only by interpreting 'production' in the former sense can one separate 'distribution' from it, and when that is done, the 'department' of production does not contain the categories of historically determined forms of social economy, but categories that relate to the labour process in general: usually such empty banalities merely serve later to obscure historical and social conditions. (libcom.org)
Capitalist production, therefore, only develops the techniques and the degree of combination of the social process of production by simultaneously undermining the original sources of all wealth-the soil and the worker. (monthlyreview.org)
Nevertheless, while it is still possible to avoid irreversible climate change through a massive transformation in the mode of production, it is no longer feasible to circumvent accelerating environmental disasters in the present century on a scale never seen before in human history, endangering the lives and living conditions of billions of people. (transcend.org)
Amazon, finally, is a capitalist business capable of centralising capital to a very advanced degree for a long time, while avoiding the pitfalls of an excess of centralisation - that is, the lack of competition, which constitutes a powerful, vital and fundamental motor of the capitalist mode of production. (libcom.org)
1 But while Thompson suggested that the clock bound people and their actions to a mode of production centered on the direct extraction of surplus value from the human laboring body, in this book I outline a rather different scenario. (sup.org)
First, Luxemburg's Accumulation gives us the basic tools to work through why there is a "ceaseless flow of capital from one branch of production to another, and finally in the periodic and cyclical swings of reproduction between overproduction and crisis" (2003, 76). (cadtm.org)

Take for example the concept of capital). (libcom.org)

The development of low-carbon cement technologies has changed from focusing on the end point to instead focusing on the source and process through the exploration of hydrogen and solar energies, and more disruptive and original technologies are expected to be developed, particularly in the cement industry in China. (bvsalud.org)

Second, as the capital flow turns from new sectors to new spaces, imperial power helps capitalist social relations dominate non-capitalist "natural economies. (cadtm.org)
There is even a strain of green thought the Moore wants to move away from, one which sees nature as exogenous, and concentrates on the way human social organization uses (and abuses) it as a tap for raw materials and as a sink for waste products. (publicseminar.org)

We are rapidly approaching a planetary tipping point in the form of a climate Armageddon, threatening to make the earth unlivable for the human species, as well as innumerable other species. (transcend.org)
It is the circulation of money as capital (chapter 5) that consolidates the conditions for the formation of capital's distinctive value form as a regulatory norm. (davidharvey.org)
In capital's case, however, the process appears as not only self-reproducing (cyclical) but also self-expanding (the spiral form of accumulation). (davidharvey.org)
This essay addresses the political form of the human, its multiply-stratified nature, and the world it makes up - by focusing first on a tension between two broad kinds of approaches in philosophy of race that intend to unmake that stratification. (theanarchistlibrary.org)

The same basic logic was present in the other famous passage on the metabolic rift, at the end of the chapter on "The Genesis of Capitalist Ground Rent" in the third volume of Capital . (monthlyreview.org)

Based as it is, on an Enlightenment view of human progress, Marxism could not account for the systematic mass murder of the European Jews. (wsws.org)
Something more fundamental-an examination of the human condition and capacity for evil-was needed and Marxism could not provide it. (wsws.org)
In the process, a whole broadly interconnected bunch of writers have sought to 'deepen', 'expand', 'supplement', 'broaden' or 'stretch' the language of Marxism by 'going beyond' Capital . (plutobooks.com)

Capital is of course a famously unfinished work. (plutobooks.com)
Constructive anarchy is about developing ways in which people enable themselves to take control of their lives and participate meaningfully in the decision-making processes that affect them, whether education, housing, work or food. (anarchistlibraries.net)

Amazon has managed to integrate on a high level the flexibility of labour and various productive processes, involving its own internal workforce as well as numerous sub-contractors. (libcom.org)

It founded a system of industry by which labor and capital were identified [ sic ] in interest. (peoplesworld.org)

The former view holds that we should replace the current human with another all-inclusive one, whereas the latter view holds that any possible conception of the human is problematic in the way that it limits our possibilities and conserves harmful values, claiming that it is desirable to go beyond any such human. (theanarchistlibrary.org)

If the answer is yes, then human survival is indeed at stake in the environmental crisis. (transcend.org)

Wealth is anything useful produced by human labour from materials found in nature. (worldsocialism.org)
Capital not only exploits labor, it appropriates nature, and it has probably run out of nature it can get on the cheap. (publicseminar.org)

For reasons cogently argued by Smith and his successors, the momentum of growth was expected to peter out after a time, arrested by changes endogenous to the growth process itself, and giving rise in due course to the supervention of the stationary state. (newleftreview.org)

The other view, following some Deleuzo-Guattarian scholarship, I will call nonhumanism , is based on a creative nonnormative philosophy and understands the very category of the human to be harmful, as a universalised and transcendent norm. (theanarchistlibrary.org)

Amazon manages to directly centralise capital via the acquisition of weaker capitals and via stock market capitalisation, but also indirectly via sub-contracting and, what is truly original on its part, via the aggregation of a myriad of small and medium capitals and the relation of command/dependence which it implements with them over the whole area of the capitalist territory. (libcom.org)

Colin Ward suggests that anarchism, "far from being a speculative vision of a future society…is a description of a mode of human organization, rooted in the experience of everyday life, which operates side by side with, and in spite of, the dominant authoritarian trends of our society" (Ward, 1973: 11). (anarchistlibraries.net)

specifically, how the present universalised image of the human that has come to be deeply built into the material and conceptual structures of global society advantages those with a specific set of characteristics in various ways. (theanarchistlibrary.org)

The answer is (as usual) complicated in its details but the lineaments of it can be reconstructed from the structure of the first volume of Capital . (davidharvey.org)

Instead it was, and remains , a systematic way to arrange capitalist and non-capitalist relations to the benefit of the former, as a means of addressing internal contradictions within the accumulation process, albeit in a context of growing resistance. (cadtm.org)

And now we have the Hanjin debacle - all that capital tied up in stranded ships, though granted only $12 billion or so - and the universal admission that somehow "we" invested w-a-a-a-a-a-y too much money in big ships and boats, implying (I suppose) that we need to ship a lot less stuff than we thought, at least across the oceans. (nakedcapitalism.com)
Capital is not a thing but a process in which money is perpetually sent in search of more money. (nakedcapitalism.com)

30) But there might be more than one way to do that, and more than a bit of ambiguity about what it might mean to say 'process' or 'web' or 'life. (publicseminar.org)

There's more: Slavery "elevated the African and was in the interest of human improvement. (peoplesworld.org)
Interest is calculated on the amount of the capital invested or borrowed, the duration of the operation and the rate that has been set. (cadtm.org)

We all want the same things: sufficiency of sustenance, safety and health, human companionship and a sense of connection with and comprehension of the activities of the world beyond our direct powers of intervention. (dissidentvoice.org)

delving into a Deleuzian nonnormative approach through his unique Spinozian-Nietzschean philosophy of difference, applying nonnormativity to the idea of the human generally and also in the specific ways that Deleuze and Guattari do through the concept of faciality , and introducing positive elements of their critique of transcendent normativity. (theanarchistlibrary.org)

Anatomy19

Organisms6

Diseases11

Chemicals and Drugs17

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment27

Psychiatry and Psychology23

Phenomena and Processes27

Disciplines and Occupations6

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena40

Technology, Industry, Agriculture5

Humanities2

Information Science11

Named Groups3

Health Care87

Geographicals32

Capitalism13

Primitive accumulation3

Marx9

Marx's6

David Harvey's1

Appropriation1

Ecological2

Flows5

Commodity3

Commodities3

Marxist6

Capitalist society1

Ecology2

Capitalists2

Oppression2

Understood4

Inevitable2

Crucial1

Phases1

Labour power1

Dispossession1

Beings1

Sphere2

Exploitation1

Civilization3

Production7

Concept of capital1

Energies1

Social2

Form4

Chapter1

Marxism3

Work2

Productive1

System1

Limits1

Crisis1

Nature2

Time1

Norm1

Original1

Mode1

Society1

Volume1

Means1

Money2

Life1

Interest2

Health1

Generally1