Surgical neck fractures of the humerus. Medical search. Frequent questions

Surgical options may include open reduction and internal fixation, closed reduction and percutaneous pinning, and intramedullary nailing. (wikipedia.org)
In the 1970s, the AO/ASIF (Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen/Association for the Study of Internal Fixation) group popularized plates and screws for fracture fixation, and humeral head prostheses were redesigned. (medscape.com)
This study analyzes risk factors associated with mechanical failure following plate fixation of humeral shaft fractures in order to further elucidate the mode and location of failure. (researchsquare.com)
Eleven of eighty-five humeral shaft fractures had aseptic mechanical failure requiring revision (12.9%), following initial plate fixation. (researchsquare.com)
Fracture characteristics (AO type, comminution, location) and fracture fixation (plate type, multiplanar, number of screws proximal and distal to the fracture) were compared between aseptic mechanical failure and those without failure. (researchsquare.com)
In contrast, constructs with 4 bicortical screws or more of fixation on either side of the fracture had lower failure rates and may help to reduce the risk of mechanical failure. (researchsquare.com)
Common complications for open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) of humeral shaft fractures include radial nerve injury, infection, and hardware failure 3 . (researchsquare.com)
Ideal plate and screw fixation construct for open reduction and internal fixation of humeral shaft fractures remains controversial. (researchsquare.com)
Although 6-8 cortices of proximal and distal fixation have been recommended based on expert opinion 1 , there is considerable variation in plating techniques and fixation constructs to match the variability in patient and fracture characteristics. (researchsquare.com)
We reviewed all patients who underwent humeral shaft ORIF over a 9-year period to evaluate modes and location of failure by fracture type and fixation construct, as well as to determine the risk factors contributing to failure. (researchsquare.com)
Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is a surgical technique employed in severe proximal humerus fractures to restore the normal anatomy and improve range-of-motion and function. (northernorthopaedic.com.au)
However, if fracture fragments are 5 mm apart or the angle between the fragments is more than 45 degrees, they are considered displaced and will require surgical intervention such as open reduction and internal fixation. (northernorthopaedic.com.au)
The open reduction and internal fixation surgery involves the reduction of the fracture and securing of the correctly aligned bones through the healing process. (northernorthopaedic.com.au)
2 studies have shown no benefit of surgical treatment over nonoperative treatment, although patients were not randomized to treatment groups and methods of fixation were not standardized. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
Due to the bone density in osteopenic bone straight nails provide a better fixation in the proximal humerus in the region of their entry point. (aofoundation.org)
A nail offers good fixation for the metaphyseal fracture if it must be disimpacted to correct significant angulation. (aofoundation.org)
10) Intra operative changes of treatment due to small diameter of humerus shaft to use nail, fracture line through the nail entry point or severely reduced bone quality resulting in fixation problems with either implants. (who.int)
This nail has 4 cannulated proximal screws to provide fixation perpendicular to fracture lines and to avoid reduction loss due to the pull-out force of rotator cuff. (who.int)
Surgical fixation is consequently recommended for fractures with residual displacement greater than 5 mm, or 3 mm in active patients involved in frequent overhead activity. (beemed.com)
Proximal humeral nail and PHILOS plate fixation for the proximal humeral fractures offers good anatomic fracture reduction and stable primary fixation to ensure rapid fracture healing and immediate post-operative functional therapy without prolonged immobilization. (crimsonpublishers.com)
However, an integral body of evidence was urgent regarding the outcomes of locking plate and intramedullary nail treatment for proximal humeral fractures because of advances in the methods of internal fixation devices. (crimsonpublishers.com)
The goals of surgery are to obtain anatomic fracture reduction and stable primary fixation to ensure rapid fracture healing and immediate post-operative functional therapy without prolonged immobilization [9,16]. (crimsonpublishers.com)
The objective of this prospective observational study is to compare plate versus nail fixation of two-,three- and four- part proximal humeral fractures regarding surgical time for intraoperative fluoroscopy, functional, functional assessment using Neer's score and radiological assessment of quality of reduction, presence of hard ware-related complications and rate of local complications. (crimsonpublishers.com)
Most proximal humerus fractures can be managed conservatively, but 3-part and 4-part fractures are unstable and need internal fixation. (orthopaper.com)
During a 24-month period, 99 patients with proximal humerus fracture with OTA type 11A, 11B, 11c were treated operatively with open reduction and internal fixation with angular stability locking plate at a level 1 trauma center. (asesjournal.com)
Angular Locking plate fixation for proximal humerus fracture gives satisfactory results, good functional and radiological outcome. (asesjournal.com)
9. Plecko M, Kraus A. Internal fixation of proximal humerus fractures using the locking proximal humerus plate. (asesjournal.com)
10. Handschin AE, Cardell M, Contaldo C, Trentz O, Wanner GA. Functional results of angular-stable plate fixation in displaced proximal humeral fractures. (asesjournal.com)
A systematic review of locking plate fixation of proximal humerus fractures. (asesjournal.com)
External fixation is a procedure in which the fracture stabilization is done at a distance from the site of fracture. (fixthebones.com.au)
It is considered a safe method for fixation of displaced clavicle fractures in adolescents and athletes, as it allows rapid healing and a faster return to sports. (orthoshah.com)
Ideal length of thread forms for screws used in screw fixation of nondisplaced femoral neck fractures. (massgeneral.org)

A humerus fracture is a break of the humerus bone in the upper arm. (wikipedia.org)
Falls that produce humerus fractures among the elderly are usually accompanied by a preexisting risk factor for bone fracture, such as osteoporosis, a low bone density, or vitamin B deficiency. (wikipedia.org)
Other risk factors for proximal fractures include having a low bone mineral density, having impaired vision and balance, and tobacco smoking. (wikipedia.org)
Concomitant subchondral bone defects led surgeons to add autologous bone grafting to the surgical procedures. (researchgate.net)
Overview of Fractures A fracture is a break in a bone. (msdmanuals.com)
Most fractures result from a single, significant force applied to normal bone. (msdmanuals.com)
The humerus is the upper arm bone. (northernorthopaedic.com.au)
Like fractures in other bone segments, proximal humeral fractures are divided into three groups subject to the severity and complexity of the respective injury 1 . (radiopaedia.org)
The proximal humerus is the upper end of the arm bone that forms the shoulder joint. (adamjohannsenmd.com)
Humeral head fractures very often occur in elderly individuals and chances are more in those with osteoporotic bone. (adamjohannsenmd.com)
Fractures of the surgical neck are most common in osteoporotic bone. (adamjohannsenmd.com)
The humerus is the single bone that supports the upper arm region. (humanbiomedia.org)
In anatomy, the scapula (plural scapulae or scapulas[1]), also known as the shoulder bone, shoulder blade, wing bone or blade bone, is the bone that connects the humerus (upper arm bone) with the clavicle (collar bone). (vetcan.org)
the prominent bone at the top of the chest between the shoulder and the neck connecting the shoulder and the breastbone. (vetcan.org)
Due to the strength and location of the scapula bone, fractures are rare and only occur in instances of severe or major multiple trauma. (vetcan.org)
Distal to the head and tubercles the shaft of the bone rapidly contracts, and is here named the collum chirurgicum (surgical neck) owing to its liability to fracture at this spot. (co.ma)
The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm, and the ulna (medially) and the radius (laterally) are the paired bones of the forearm. (bccampus.ca)
The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region ( Figure 1 ). (bccampus.ca)
A bone fracture is a medical condition in which a bone is cracked or broken. (fixthebones.com.au)
While many fractures are the result of high force impact or stress, bone fracture can also occur as a result of certain medical conditions that weaken the bones, such as osteoporosis. (fixthebones.com.au)
The word "Fracture" implies to broken bone. (fixthebones.com.au)
A bone may get fractured completely or partially and it is caused commonly from trauma due to fall, motor vehicle accident or sports. (fixthebones.com.au)
Simple fractures in which the fractured pieces of bone are well aligned and stable. (fixthebones.com.au)
Unstable fractures are those in which fragments of the broken bone are misaligned and displaced. (fixthebones.com.au)
Greenstick fractures: This is a unique fracture in children that involves bending of one side of the bone without any break in the bone. (fixthebones.com.au)
Bone cells begin forming on the either side of the fracture line. (fixthebones.com.au)
The objective of early fracture management is to control bleeding, prevent ischemic injury (bone death) and to remove sources of infection such as foreign bodies and dead tissues. (fixthebones.com.au)
In skeletal traction, a pin is inserted through the bone distal to the fracture. (fixthebones.com.au)
A break in the bone that makes up the shoulder joint is called a shoulder fracture. (orthoshah.com)
The clavicle (collarbone) and end of the humerus (upper arm bone) closest to the shoulder are the bones that usually are fractured. (orthoshah.com)
Traumatic injuries are the result of the mechanical component of a fall, such as intracerebral hemorrhage and long bone fractures. (reliasmedia.com)
Bone mineral density measurements were carried out using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry at both the lumbar spine [AP: L1-L4] and femoral hip (neck, trochanter). (who.int)
This is a gross specimen from a proximal humerus bone angiosarcoma. (medscape.com)

Humeral head replacement for severely displaced fractures of the proximal humerus was introduced the 1950s. (medscape.com)

8. Russo R, Lombardi LV, Ciccarelli M, Giudice G, Cautiero F. A new osteosynthesis device for the treatment of proximal humerus fractures. (asesjournal.com)
13. Thanasas C, Kontakis G, Angoules A, Limb D, Giannoudis P. Treatment of proximal humerus fractures with locking plates: a systematic review. (asesjournal.com)

Greater tuberosity fractures are less common and are seen in cases of shoulder dislocations and in those with osteoporosis. (adamjohannsenmd.com)
Complete rotator cuff tears occur in 20% of cases, particularly greater tuberosity fractures. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
In proximal humeral fractures which consist of a fracture of the greater tuberosity the trajectory of bent nails often passes through the fracture line between the greater tuberosity and the humeral head whereas straight nails penetrate the humeral head medial to the fracture line. (aofoundation.org)
Reduce and fix the tuberosity to the humeral head (thereby converting the 3-part fracture into a 2-part situation). (aofoundation.org)
In three-part fractures, either the lesser or greater tuberosity is displaced with associated displacement of the surgical neck producing a rotational deformity. (who.int)
Different situations or pathological position of the greater tuberosity cause impingement and loss of strength: A) Type II cephalotubercular valgus impacted fracture and B) displaced fracture of the greater tuberosity resulting in decreased mobility and loss of strength through relaxation of the cuff. (beemed.com)
The lateral offset of the greater tuberosity relative to the diaphyseal axis is another important anatomic variable, but sometimes difficult to restore due to the comminuted, and often porotic nature of fractured tuberosities, giving them an eggshell appearance. (beemed.com)
Role of the lateral offset: A) Superomedial malposition of the greater tuberosity after a subtubercular varus impacted fracture. (beemed.com)
Rarely, a three-part fracture is encountered involving the lesser or greater tuberosity as well as the surgical neck. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
Indications for surgery were 3-part & 4-part closed proximal humeral fractures, surgical neck fractures with angulation greater than 45 degrees or greater tuberosity fracture with displacement of more than 1 cm. (orthopaper.com)
Check for glenohumeral joint dislocation - Dislocations with associated isolated greater tuberosity fracture can be reduced under conscious sedation. (orthojournalhms.org)
The deltoid tuberosity is a roughened, V-shaped region located on the lateral side in the middle of the humerus shaft. (bccampus.ca)

It articulates with the head of the humerus, forming the glenohumeral joint, which serves as the main joint of the shoulder. (medscape.com)
It is the multiaxial ball-and-socket synovial joint formed by the articular surfaces of the glenoid cavity and the head of the humerus. (medscape.com)
At its proximal end is the head of the humerus. (humanbiomedia.org)
Function - The supraspinatus muscle performs abduction of the arm, and pulls the head of the humerus medially towards the glenoid cavity. (rxharun.com)
[rx] It independently prevents the head of the humerus to slip inferiorly. (rxharun.com)

In 1970, Neer's classification expanded on the four-part concept and included anatomic, biomechanical, and treatment principles, providing clinicians with a useful framework for diagnosing and treating patients with these fractures. (medscape.com)
The critical anatomic relations of the proximal humerus are those of the articular segment to the shaft and the tuberosities. (medscape.com)
Fractures of the proximal humerus, including the head, anatomic and surgical necks, and tuberosities. (bvsalud.org)
Any fracture pattern can be seen, but the displacement of all components must be less than 1 cm, except anatomic neck fractures, to be considered in this group according to Neer's concept. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
concluded, generally in 2 to 3 weeks, a program to regain shoulder motion is started as for fractures with minimal displacement and anatomic neck fractures. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
Neer's anatomic concept for standardizing the terminology of fractures of the proximal humerus. (teachmeorthopedics.info)

Types include proximal humeral fractures, humeral shaft fractures, and distal humeral fractures. (wikipedia.org)
Many humerus shaft fractures may be treated with a brace rather than surgery. (wikipedia.org)
Proximal and shaft fractures generally have a good outcome while outcomes with distal fractures can be less good. (wikipedia.org)
Displaced fractures of the humerus shaft will often cause deformity and a shortening of the length of the upper arm. (wikipedia.org)
A stress fracture of the proximal and shaft regions can occur after an excessive amount of throwing, such as pitching in baseball. (wikipedia.org)
Physical trauma to the humerus shaft tends to produce transverse fractures whereas falls tend to produce spiral fractures. (wikipedia.org)
Metastatic breast cancer may also cause fractures in the humerus shaft. (wikipedia.org)
Long spiral fractures of the shaft that are present in children may indicate physical abuse. (wikipedia.org)
Fractures of the humerus shaft are usually correctly identified with radiographic images taken from the AP and lateral viewpoints. (wikipedia.org)
Damage to the radial nerve from a shaft fracture can be identified by an inability to bend the hand backwards or by decreased sensation in the back of the hand. (wikipedia.org)
Operative treatment of humeral shaft fractures (AO/OTA 12) is being performed more frequently. (researchsquare.com)
A retrospective review of 351 humeral shaft fractures was completed at a single level I trauma center. (researchsquare.com)
The current dogma of humeral shaft fracture stabilization is to use a minimum of 3 screws proximal and distal to the fracture, however the current study demonstrates this is associated with higher rates of mechanical failure. (researchsquare.com)
The humerus is broadly divided into the head, neck and shaft region. (adamjohannsenmd.com)
Fractures of the humerus shaft are not uncommonly due to a pathological lesion. (radiologymasterclass.co.uk)
The central portion of the humerus consists of an elongated, cylindrical shaft connecting the bone's two ends. (humanbiomedia.org)
The central portion of the humerus is referred to as the shaft or body . (humanbiomedia.org)
Neurovascular injury can occur in this type of fracture because the shaft may be displaced into the axilla. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
The corpus humeri (body, or shaft) is cylindrical in its proximal half. (co.ma)
Single-choice question] The most prone part of humeral fracture is A. Anatomical neck B. Surgical neck C. Humerus shaft D. Lower end of humerus E. Ulnar nerve groove My answer: B3. (ioeinternet.com)
The surgical neck is located at the base of the expanded, proximal end of the humerus, where it joins the narrow shaft of the humerus . (bccampus.ca)

Casting closed reduction is done for any fracture that is displaced, shortened, or angulated. (fixthebones.com.au)

Results: In our study, majority were males (73.5%) and most common mode of injury (73.5%) was RTA with Neer's 3- part (44.1%) is the most common type of fracture. (crimsonpublishers.com)
This type of fracture is more prone to infection and requires immediate medical attention. (fixthebones.com.au)
The treatment for a shoulder fracture is based on the type of fracture. (orthoshah.com)
This is usually worn for about 3-6 weeks depending on the type of fracture and how well you heal. (orthoshah.com)

Where plaintiff sustained an impacted fracture of the left humerus, bruises, and had imperfect use of her left arm, and a physician testified that she might improve but he doubted if she would fully recover, being fifty-nine years of age, a verdict for $10,250 was excessive by $2750. (casetext.com)
The fall caused our client to sustain a comminuted fracture of the surgical neck of the left humerus as well as a comminuted fracture of the olecranon of the left elbow. (murrayguari.com)
The shape of the head of the left humerus is not indicative of a posterior dislocation. (radiology-courses.com)

The cause of a humerus fracture is usually physical trauma such as a fall. (wikipedia.org)
Humerus fractures usually occur after physical trauma, falls, excess physical stress, or pathological conditions. (wikipedia.org)
Middle fractures are usually caused by either physical trauma or falls. (wikipedia.org)
Distal humerus fractures usually occur as a result of physical trauma to the elbow region. (wikipedia.org)
If the elbow is bent during the trauma, then the olecranon is driven upward, producing a T- or Y-shaped fracture or displacing one of the condyles. (wikipedia.org)
The Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen/Orthopedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) classification together with the Neer classification is one of the most frequently used systems for classifying proximal humeral fractures . (radiopaedia.org)
In younger individuals, a severe trauma such as a fall from a height on an outstretched hand or motor vehicle accident can cause these fractures. (adamjohannsenmd.com)
While mild trauma can break humeral head in the elderly, a more significant trauma results in its fracture in the young. (adamjohannsenmd.com)
In nonosteoporotic patients, fractures result from high-energy trauma. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
Assessment of an acute proximal humerus fracture includes a complete trauma series radiography and, where surgical treatment is considered, a CT scan with three-dimensional reconstruction. (beemed.com)
A fracture of the scapula can occur by high-energy trauma during an accident from a high-speed motor vehicle. (orthoshah.com)
The Harvard Orthopedic Trauma Service has a history of successful research collaborations with investigators from many medical and surgical specialties, including emergency medicine, general surgery, endocrinology, physical therapy, biomechanics, and psychometrics. (massgeneral.org)

The proximal end of the humerus narrows to form the surgical neck , a common site of arm fractures. (humanbiomedia.org)
The surgical neck is a common site of arm fractures. (bccampus.ca)

Proximal humerus fractures most often occur among elderly people with osteoporosis who fall on an outstretched arm. (wikipedia.org)
Conclusions: Proximal femoral nailing can be one of the primary treatment options for intertrochanteric hip fractures in the elderly. (journaltocs.ac.uk)
The elderly are more prone to proximal humerus fractures from accidents such as falling on an outstretched arm. (northernorthopaedic.com.au)
Fractures of the proximal humerus are common in elderly individuals suffering from osteoporosis. (adamjohannsenmd.com)
In conclusion locking Compression plate is an advantageous implant in proximal humeral fractures due to angular stability, particularly in comminuted fractures and in Osteoporotic bones in elderly patients, thus allowing early mobilization. (orthopaper.com)
6. Schumaier A, Grawe B. Proximal humerus fractures: evaluation and management in the elderly patient. (asesjournal.com)
7. Zyto K. Non-operative treatment of comminuted fractures of the proximal humerus in elderly patients. (asesjournal.com)
Cervical spine fracture is more common in elderly patients. (reliasmedia.com)

Successful treatment of fractures of the proximal humerus (ie, that portion involving the glenohumeral articulation) presents a challenge for physicians. (medscape.com)
The humerus and scapula articulate or join at the glenohumeral joint. (northernorthopaedic.com.au)
Second, the glenohumeral rhythm allows the glenoid to be brought underneath the humerus to bear some weight of the upper limb, which decreases the demand on the shoulder muscles to suspend the arm. (musculoskeletalkey.com)

Motor vehicle crashes - Motor vehicle crashes can cause necks of femur fracture to break, sometimes into many pieces, and often require surgical repair. (rxharun.com)

100% displacement of the surgical neck of the humerus, and if the patient may be an operative candidate (young and active) - consider non-contrast CT scan. (orthojournalhms.org)
Fractures of the scapula involving the neck or glenoid (cavity) or with severe displacement have been associated with poor outcomes when treated non-operatively and usually require surgical intervention to realign the bones properly to restore function and pain-free range of motion. (orthoshah.com)

Definitive diagnosis of humerus fractures is typically made through radiographic imaging. (wikipedia.org)
van der Vliet QMJ, Lucas RC, Velmahos G, Houwert RM, Leenen LPH, Hietbrink F, Heng M. Foot fractures in polytrauma patients: Injury characteristics and timing of diagnosis. (massgeneral.org)

This seemingly simple motion requires significant shoulder stabilization due to the intricacies of the humerus and scapula. (vetcan.org)

Partial rotator cuff tears often accompany non-displaced fractures and these fractures can be diagnosed using MRI or diagnostic arthroscopy. (adamjohannsenmd.com)
Newer, minimally invasive techniques have evolved and surgery to repair scapular fractures can now be performed through arthroscopy. (orthoshah.com)

Palpate the humerus, clavicle, and scapula. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
Fractures of the scapula body are relatively rare constituting 1% of all fractures and 5% of all fractures around shoulder (1). (vetcan.org)
Look at other dictionaries: Scapula - Situation de la scapula chez l homme en vue dorsale La scapula (anciennement omoplate) est un os plat, pair, de forme triangulaire, situé à la partie postéro supérieure du thorax. (vetcan.org)
Fracture of the scapula (inferior to the glenoid labrum). (radiology-courses.com)
The scapula, or shoulder blade, is not easily fractured because of its protective cover of surrounding muscles and chest tissue. (orthoshah.com)

In 1934, Codman developed a classification that divided the proximal humerus into four parts on the basis of epiphyseal lines. (medscape.com)

Diaphyseal humerus fractures (AO/OTA 12) have traditionally been managed nonoperatively with splinting and functional bracing 1 . (researchsquare.com)

5) Concomitant ipsilateral fractures of distal humerus/ or elbow joint, 6) Previous surgery of affected shoulder, 7) Pathologic fracture (malignancy fractures), 8) Neurovascular injuries (e.g., stroke, or brachial plexus injuries), 9) Neurological disorders (e.g. (who.int)
Humerus and Elbow Joint. (bccampus.ca)
The distal end of the humerus has two articulation areas, which join the ulna and radius bones of the forearm to form the elbow joint . (bccampus.ca)

How reliable is classification of tibial plateau fractures? (mcmaster.ca)

A fracture of the proximal humerus, the region closest to the shoulder joint, can affect your work and activities of daily living. (northernorthopaedic.com.au)
The proximal humerus consists of the articular surface of the shoulder joint and the attachments of the rotator cuff to the greater and lesser tuberosities. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)

Additionally, technical factors in the reconstruction of these fractures require surgical experience that few surgeons have the opportunity to develop. (medscape.com)
[9] In a study using the pectoralis major tendon as a reference intraoperatively reconstruction of the height of the humerus prosthesis measured by evaluating the radiological humeral length in comparison to the contralateral side within 7 mm +/- 7 mm could be shown. (beemed.com)
The pectorals major insertion has a reproducible relation to the bicipital groove, making it a good landmark for tuberosities positioning in case of fracture reconstruction. (beemed.com)
One and a half years after reconstruction, the patient regained pain-free activity including full-range of motion of her leg and radiographs showed good tibial and fibular alignment, the presence of fracture consolidation and sufficient filling of the TBD. (bvsalud.org)

The distal humerus presents two condyles: the trochlea, medially, which articulates with the greater sigmoid notch of the proximal ulna, and the capitellum, laterally, which articulates with the radial head. (encyclopedia.pub)

However, to achieve satisfactory functional outcomes, displaced and unstable fractures are treated surgically [3]. (crimsonpublishers.com)
50 cases (32 males, 18 females) with unstable fractures of proximal humerus treated from June 2011 to may 2014 in the mean age 51.5 (25-70) years formed the study group. (orthopaper.com)

Epiphyseal fractures are considered separately. (teachmeorthopedics.info)

Reduction of the fracture depends on an intact posteromedial periosteal sleeve in younger patients. (teachmeorthopedics.info)
The next step in fracture management is the reduction of the fracture and its maintenance. (fixthebones.com.au)

Contraindications for repair of proximal humerus fractures include inability to tolerate the procedure medically and lack of clearance for surgery through the primary care physician or specialty consultants. (medscape.com)
These new developments will affect shoulder surgery in a wide perspective, from surgical technique to postoperative rehabilitation. (researchgate.net)
Surgery may be necessary for displaced fractures. (adamjohannsenmd.com)
CT may be helpful in comminuted fractures when surgery is planned. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
Scapular fracture repair surgery has historically been performed through a large, open incision. (orthoshah.com)
Bhashyam AR, Basilico M, Weaver MJ, Harris MB, Heng M. Using historical variation in opioid prescribing immediately after fracture surgery to guide maximum initial prescriptions. (massgeneral.org)

To assess and compare the fracture union and the functional outcome of proximal humerus fractures using proximal humeral nail and PHILOS plate. (crimsonpublishers.com)

2. Marongiu G, Leinardi L, Congia S, Frigau L, Mola F, Capone A. Reliability and Reproducibility of the New AO/OTA 2018 Classification System for Proximal Humeral Fractures: A Comparison of Three Different Classification Systems. (radiopaedia.org)
3. Brorson S, Eckardt H, Audigé L, Rolauffs B, Bahrs C. Translation Between the Neer- and the AO/OTA-Classification for Proximal Humeral Fractures: Do We Need to Be Bilingual to Interpret the Scientific Literature? (radiopaedia.org)
Inclusion criteria: Patients with displaced three-part proximal humerus fractures based on Neer classification will be included. (who.int)

The transverse humeral ligament stretches across the groove between the two tubercles, thus converting the groove into a canal in which the tendon of the long head of the biceps and the ascending articular branch of the anterior circumflex artery of the humerus are lodged. (co.ma)

A CT scan may be done in proximal fractures to gather further details. (wikipedia.org)
In proximal fractures that remain well aligned, a sling is often sufficient. (wikipedia.org)
Less frequently, proximal fractures occur from motor vehicle accidents, gunshots, and violent muscle contractions from an electric shock or seizure. (wikipedia.org)
Both the treatment options are effective in treating the proximal fractures and there was no significant difference between functional outcome between the two groups at 1-year follow-up. (crimsonpublishers.com)

Neer divides proximal humeral fractures into six groups, as shown in Fig. 17-1 , and this concept is useful in considering the management of the injury. (teachmeorthopedics.info)

An incorrect entry site results in malreduction of the metaphyseal fracture. (aofoundation.org)

The anatomy of the proximal humerus is highly variable. (medscape.com)
NIH: National Library of Medicine - " Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Humerus . (humanbiomedia.org)

Indications for treatment are displaced articular fractures and periarticular fractures. (medscape.com)

Stay sutures are placed in the tendons of the rotator cuff muscles to gain control of the fracture fragments. (northernorthopaedic.com.au)

An expanded bony area called the greater tubercle is on the lateral side of the proximal humerus. (humanbiomedia.org)
Immediately lateral to the trochlea is the capitulum (L. head), a knob-like structure located on the anterior surface of the distal humerus. (humanbiomedia.org)
The much smaller lateral epicondyle of the humerus is found on the lateral side of the distal humerus. (bccampus.ca)

If a severe distal fracture is suspected, then a computed tomography (CT) scan can provide greater detail of the fracture. (wikipedia.org)
Open (compound) fractures are severe fractures in which the broken bones cut through the skin. (fixthebones.com.au)

Background: The good clinical-functional outcomes of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) depend on several factors, such as the surgical time and the adequate positioning of the prosthesis components. (journaltocs.ac.uk)
Patients with 2-part fractures have been shown to have less pain and better outcomes when treated with immediate physical therapy and pendular exercises than with delayed therapy. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
To report the outcomes of proximal humerus fracture operated with angular stability locking plate with regards to fracture pattern. (asesjournal.com)
Usoro AO, Bhashyam A, Mohamadi A, Dyer GS, Zirkle L, von Keudell A. Clinical Outcomes and Complications of the Surgical Implant Generation Network (SIGN) Intramedullary Nail: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. (massgeneral.org)
van der Vliet QMJ, Hietbrink F, Casari F, Leenen LPH, Heng M. Factors Influencing Functional Outcomes of Subtalar Fusion for Posttraumatic Arthritis After Calcaneal Fracture. (massgeneral.org)

Accurate assessment of the fracture, patient compliance, medical comorbidities, and time from injury to treatment are critical factors affecting outcome. (medscape.com)
Most proximal humerus fractures are minimally displaced and can be treated with conservative approaches such as the use of a sling to immobilize your arm and early physical therapy to improve the functional outcome. (adamjohannsenmd.com)
Radiological outcome, functional outcome and complication of proximal humerus fractures with respect to fracture pattern, age, and gender. (asesjournal.com)

Displaced 2-part fractures in the young polytrauma victim should be treated surgically (plate, intramedullary nail, or multiple pins) to aid mobilization. (orthopaedicclinic.com.sg)
Several studies [6,9-15] have focused on locking plate and intramedullary nail for treatment of displaced two-, threeand four-part proximal humeral fractures. (crimsonpublishers.com)

In cases in which the nerves are affected, then there will be a loss of control or sensation in the arm below the fracture. (wikipedia.org)
Skin traction involves attachment of traction tapes to the skin of the limb segment below the fracture. (fixthebones.com.au)

Sutures placed through the rotator cuff tendons and the bolts increase stability, and should be used as well as the nail and screws, particularly for more comminuted and/or osteoporotic fractures. (aofoundation.org)

The axillary nerve is identified and protected, and the rotator cuff and proximal humerus are exposed. (northernorthopaedic.com.au)
These fractures also damage the axillary nerve that carries sensory information from the shoulder. (adamjohannsenmd.com)

In addition to fractures, musculoskeletal injuries include Joint dislocations. (msdmanuals.com)
These fractures are often caused by posterior shoulder dislocations or traumatic muscle contractions by electrical shock or convulsions. (adamjohannsenmd.com)
Traction method is used for the management of fractures and dislocations that cannot be treated by casting. (fixthebones.com.au)

Anatomy35

Diseases52

Chemicals and Drugs4

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment43

Phenomena and Processes9

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science2

Health Care11

Geographicals1

Fixation32

Bone33

Displaced fractures of the proximal humerus1

Treatment of proximal humerus fractures2

Tuberosity12

Head of the5

Anatomic6

Shaft21

Closed reduction1

Type of fracture4

Left humerus3

Trauma12

Common site of arm fractures2

Elderly8

Glenohumeral3

Femur1

Displacement2

Diagnosis2

Stabilization1

Arthroscopy2

Scapula5

Divided the proximal1

Diaphyseal1

Elbow joint3

Tibial plateau fractures1

Shoulder joint2

Reconstruction4

Articulates1

Unstable2

Epiphyseal1

Reduction of the fracture2

Surgery6

PHILOS1

Classification3

Transverse1

Proximal fractures4

Neer1

Metaphyseal fracture1

Anatomy2

Articular fractures1

Rotator cuff muscles1

Lateral3

Severe2

Outcomes5

Outcome3

Intramedullary Nail2

Below the fracture2

Screws1

Axillary2

Dislocations3