ThoracotomyDermatologic Surgical ProceduresPain, PostoperativeSurgical Wound InfectionSurgical Procedures, OperativeAnesthetics, InhalationWound HealingPostoperative ComplicationsDouble-Blind MethodProspective StudiesThoracic Surgery, Video-AssistedThoracoscopyPneumonectomyThoracic InjuriesIntercostal NervesSurgical Procedures, Minimally InvasiveEmpyema, PleuralThoracic SurgerySternotomyPneumothoraxTreatment OutcomeWounds, PenetratingHemothoraxSurgical Wound DehiscenceThoracostomyPleural CavityMediastinumDrainageHemopneumothoraxMediastinoscopyEsophagostomyLaparotomyTomography, X-Ray ComputedMediastinal DiseasesPulmonary Surgical ProceduresLung NeoplasmsPleural DiseasesChest TubesThoracic Surgical ProceduresAnalgesia, EpiduralSubclavian ArteryThoracoscopesCarcinoma, BronchogenicMediastinitisBronchial FistulaRetrospective StudiesVideo-Assisted SurgeryHeart InjuriesThoracic DiseasesWounds, NonpenetratingWounds, StabSurgical InstrumentsLacerationsSurgical FlapsLaparoscopyGoiter, SubsternalRespiratory Tract FistulaTime FactorsEndodeoxyribonucleasesBronchogenic CystRhytidoplastyLength of StayPain MeasurementHerniaReoperationPatient PositioningMediastinal CystPleuraBronchoscopyChylothoraxCardiac Surgical ProceduresFollow-Up StudiesPhacoemulsificationEmpyemaAorta, ThoracicAnalgesiaEsophagectomyMicrosurgeryThoraxFoot InjuriesIntraoperative PeriodAbdominal WallFentanylEndoscopyWound Closure TechniquesDNA RepairOperative TimeRadiography, ThoracicForeign BodiesPneumothorax, ArtificialIntraoperative ComplicationsMediastinal NeoplasmsLaser TherapyLung DiseasesAortic Aneurysm, ThoracicBenchmarkingPancoast SyndromeRibsEsophageal PerforationAnalgesics, Opioid