• Dense cover crop stands physically slow down the velocity of rainfall before it contacts the soil surface, preventing soil splashing and erosive surface runoff. (wikipedia.org)
  • 3: Relationship between surface runoff, percolation and evaporation for areas of various types, imperviousness etc. (berlin.de)
  • 5: Surface runoff from the separate wastewater/sewage system into bodies of water in Berlin, as long-term average values (data: Jun. (berlin.de)
  • The spaces among the aggregates store water and enable infiltration into the soil subgrade rather than generating surface runoff. (concreteproducts.com)
  • This module fit well with the goals of the course as it pertained to precipitation-infiltration-runoff interactions. (carleton.edu)
  • Also, there was a better understanding of runoff-infiltration relationships, and the effects of high intensity events in water quality and quantity. (carleton.edu)
  • All built development should include, where appropriate, SuDS measures to manage surface water effectively on site, to reduce surface water runoff and to ensure flooding is not increased elsewhere. (belfastcity.gov.uk)
  • An infiltration area receives rainwater from surface runoff, not underground pipes like a buried dry well. (montgomerycountymd.gov)
  • A grass drainage swale is an open channel that collects water from hard surfaces and allows it to percolate into the ground, reducing the amount of runoff leaving the road or property. (montgomerycountymd.gov)
  • From 1997 through 1999 in southern Idaho, we quantified sprinkler droplet energy effects on infiltration and near-surface hydraulic conductivity measured under tension after crop stand establishment. (asabe.org)
  • Saturated hydraulic conductivity and wetting front pressure head (as soil properties) on an abrupt Green-Ampt front are assumed to increase and decrease with depth of a porous heterogeneous soil subject to a constant ponding or infiltration-evaporation depleted ponding on the surface. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Sensitivity of the cumulative infiltration to variation of hydraulic conductivity and capillarity is studied. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Objective: To present a case report of aesthetic treatment of post orthodontic white- -spot lesions in the anterior superior teeth through two minimally invasive techniques using resin infiltration system or microabrasion. (bvsalud.org)
  • The alluvium is recharged mainly by direct infiltration of precipitation that falls on the land surface. (usgs.gov)
  • In order to provide long-term storage of diverted surface water from the Rio Grande as part of the Aamodt water rights settlement, managed aquifer recharge by surface infiltration in Pojoaque River Basin arroyos was proposed as an option. (usgs.gov)
  • The initial hydrogeologic and geochemical characterization of two arroyos located within the Pojoaque River Basin was performed in 2014 and 2015 in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation to evaluate the potential suitability of these two arroyos as sites for managed aquifer recharge through surface infiltration. (usgs.gov)
  • Since extensive irrigation in the highly agriculturally productive Delta region of eastern Arkansas has been a main culprit in the groundwater depletion issues the region faces, a better understanding of how ecological factors and/or agricultural best management practices could possibly increase infiltration, to consequently increase recharge, are needed in order to either slow down or reverse the declining aquifer levels through the Delta region of eastern Arkansas. (uark.edu)
  • The slope of the potentiometric surface of the Seymour aquifer generally conforms to the slope of the land surface and to the surface of the underlying Permian rocks. (usgs.gov)
  • How fast the meltwater infiltrates from the surface to replenish the aquifer? (nasa.gov)
  • Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of landuse on surface water infiltration into alluvial and loessial soils in the Delta region of eastern Arkansas. (uark.edu)
  • Cover crops reduce soil loss by improving soil structure and increasing infiltration, protecting the soil surface, scattering raindrop energy, and reducing the velocity of the movement of water over the soil surface. (wikipedia.org)
  • Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SuDS) are a sequence of structures that are designed to slow down surface water and ultimately prevent flooding in a sustainable manner. (rospa.com)
  • Water infiltration into soils is also improved, as well as the soil's water storage capacity-important qualities when considering increasingly extreme rainfall patterns. (ncat.org)
  • Cover crops and mulch protect the soil as wind or water move across the soil surface. (ncat.org)
  • This holds the soil in place and allows increased water infiltration, not to mention providing organic matter and nutrients to the soil. (ncat.org)
  • Fine clay particles seal the soil surface, dramatically reducing water infiltration and oxygen exchange into the soil. (ncat.org)
  • Continuous tillage over time, without regular and significant additions of organic matter to the soil, degrades soil function and reduces soil pore space, which in turn restricts water infiltration and destroys the biological glues that hold soil together. (ncat.org)
  • The surface consists of solid, durable concrete pavers with small, stone-filled joints that allow water to flow into highly permeable, open-graded bedding, base, and subbase aggregates. (concreteproducts.com)
  • The infiltration rate of a soil is the velocity at which water can seep into the soil. (fu-berlin.de)
  • An infiltration rate of 15 mm/hour means that a water layer of 15 mm on the surface of the soil, will take one hour to infiltrate into the soil (Tidemann 1996). (fu-berlin.de)
  • Infiltration is the process when rain or irrigation water which is supplied to a field seeps into a soil (Tidemann 1996). (fu-berlin.de)
  • Become familiar with geomorphic processes within drainage basins, and how those influence surface water flow. (carleton.edu)
  • My course is a Surface Water Hydrology for Environmental Science majors. (carleton.edu)
  • The altitude of the potentiometric surface in January 1977 ( fig. 36 ) indicates that ground water moved generally northward toward the Brazos River from a high area on the potentiometric surface in central Haskell County. (usgs.gov)
  • It is essential that the surface water from buildings is removed safely without damage to the building , danger to people around the building and does not pose a risk to the environment by flooding or pollution. (gov.scot)
  • Development of building sites generally leads to increased impermeable areas that can significantly increase the amount of surface water run-off to be dealt with. (gov.scot)
  • The approach to the disposal of surface water from buildings and hard surfaces clearly needs to be considered at the earliest stage in the design and development process (see also the Scottish Executive Development Department's Planning Advice Note No. PAN 61 - Planning and Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems). (gov.scot)
  • For safety reasons it is essential that surface water is not permitted to collect or remain on all access routes to buildings , particularly with elderly and disabled people in mind. (gov.scot)
  • Controlled activities - the discharge of surface water is a controlled activity under The Water Environment (Controlled Activities) (Scotland) Regulations 2005. (gov.scot)
  • Under these regulations surface water discharges to ground or water (wetlands, surface waters or groundwater) must be by means of a sustainable urban drainage system authorised by The Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA). (gov.scot)
  • Surface water discharge from a single dwelling or its curtilage is permitted to be by other means. (gov.scot)
  • The introduction of conservation measures, such as the collection of surface water for its reuse is strongly encouraged to reduce the reliance on mains water. (gov.scot)
  • The grass covering the side slopes and swale bottom provides a filtration surface for the water and helps to reduce the flow velocity. (montgomerycountymd.gov)
  • If the water sits on the surface - this can indicate compaction. (soilassociation.org)
  • Excavating ice columns and ice lenses after spraying neon-green dye at the surface to look at water infiltration processes. (nasa.gov)
  • The course intends to give the student an understanding in how surface water, soil water and groundwater is formed and move. (lu.se)
  • Important components are the relation soil - water - vegetation, surface water movements, infiltration and water movements in the soil. (lu.se)
  • As the soil structure determines hydrology, the aggregate stability/surface roughness was tested as a proxy of infiltration through photogrammetry. (mdpi.com)
  • soil surface roughness. (fu-berlin.de)
  • Comparing infiltration rates in soils managed with conventional and alternative farming methods: A meta-analysis. (crossref.org)
  • It also guards against air infiltration and exfiltration while minimizing energy loss. (thomasnet.com)
  • It also provides an effective barrier against air infiltration and exfiltration while minimizing the associated energy loss and condensation problems. (thomasnet.com)
  • Reducing the impact energy of sprinkler droplets through irrigation management should minimize surface soil aggregate breakdown and seal formation while maintaining infiltration rates. (asabe.org)
  • In more than 90% the country groundwater level is less than 4 m below the surface level. (europa.eu)
  • Where gutters and rainwater pipes are used, they should be constructed and installed in accordance with the recommendations described in BS EN 12056-3: 2000. (gov.scot)
  • A surface dry well (micro-infiltration area), is a small trench filled with stone that collects rainwater from paved surfaces such as driveways and allows it to absorb into the surrounding soil. (montgomerycountymd.gov)
  • In steeper areas, some swales have stone or concrete 'check dams' across the width to help slow the flow rate, promote infiltration, and prevent erosion. (montgomerycountymd.gov)
  • Julian Lausch The penetration of a low-viscosity resin (infiltrant) into caries lesions depends on the erosion of the relatively impermeable surface layer (SL) that covers the lesion body. (karger.com)
  • During Pleistocene time, the eroded bedrock surface, which was developed mostly on poorly permeable red beds of Permian age, was covered by the Seymour Formation. (usgs.gov)
  • rain gardens and cisterns) or wetlands, preserve the natural hydrologic conditions and/or use plants and infiltration to treat stormwater. (montgomerycountymd.gov)
  • This alters the infiltration, flow, surface and subsurface distribution, and hydrologic connectivity of inland waters. (usgs.gov)
  • Responses to permafrost thaw across heterogeneous boreal landscapes will be neither spatially uniform nor synchronous, thus giving rise to expressions of low to medium confidence in predicting hydrologic and aquatic C response despite very high confidence in projections of widespread near-surface permafrost disappearance as described in the 2019 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate: Polar Regions. (usgs.gov)
  • After planting sugarbeet ( Beta vulgaris L.) into a Portneuf silt loam (Durinodic Xeric Haplocalcid) and irrigating 2-3 times, we used tension infiltrometers to measure unconfined (three-dimensional) infiltration rates through undisturbed soil surfaces at three supply potentials. (asabe.org)
  • Next, the release of surface tension propels bismuth from the thin film to form a nucleation center for further growth. (bnl.gov)
  • A geostatistical approach to map near-surface soil moisture through hyperspatial resolution thermal inertia. (crossref.org)
  • This study aimed to quantify changes in infiltration for a subhumid irrigated cropland with various soil types (Phaeozem, Solonetz, Chernozem) and field conditions (seedbed and stubble) by simulating rainfall. (mdpi.com)
  • Reducing droplet energy significantly increased steady-state infiltration, averaged across years, at supply potentials of -20 and -40 mm and kept soil surfaces rougher with less aggregate breakdown. (asabe.org)
  • Mulch reduces evaporation from the soil surface, reserving more moisture for plant use. (ncat.org)
  • Processing under vacuum improves infiltration and decreases processing times. (upenn.edu)
  • Replicate infiltration measurements were conducted using a double-ring infiltrometer, with a 15-cm inner-ring diameter, across multiple sites representing each of the five landuses. (uark.edu)
  • Detailed spatial and temporal measurements of changes in infiltration are required. (mdpi.com)
  • Buried channels and valleys on the surface of the Permian red beds are areas where the Seymour Formation is thick and consists of coarse grained material. (usgs.gov)
  • Infiltration areas are common on residential lots, where they are typically located next to driveways and at least 20 feet from a building. (montgomerycountymd.gov)
  • 2012. Influence of Surface Biosolids Application on Infiltration. (ttu.edu)
  • The infiltration rate depends on different factors. (fu-berlin.de)
  • Purpura or erythematous papules, due to leukocytoclastic vasculitis with or without prominent eosinophilic infiltration, may develop. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Perm-A-Barrier Liquid can be spray-applied directly to "green" or damp-to-touch concrete and masonry surfaces and a variety of other substrates easily with minimal surface preparation. (thomasnet.com)
  • 2. Implement mitigation techniques to reduce infiltration, if found. (cdc.gov)
  • In a sandy soil, the infiltration rate is higher than in a silty soil, for example. (fu-berlin.de)
  • For example, the classical Saint-Venant formulae for a sector, with all three boundaries being no-slip segments, predict up to four times smaller rate as compared to a free surface meniscus. (springer.com)
  • Mathematically equivalent problems of unconfined flows in aquifers recharged by a constant-intensity infiltration are also addressed. (springer.com)
  • The surface area of the burn is not predictive of its effects. (cdc.gov)
  • Nodules and papules appear on extensor surfaces of extremities. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Skin examination revealed multiple erythematic deeply infiltrated nodules and plaques with smooth and shiny surface with no evidence of scaling. (who.int)
  • We found that this treatment provoked an infiltration of white blood cells, and the induction of the proinflammatory cytokine MCP-1 at the inflamed site. (lu.se)
  • Prognosis is good because lymphocytic infiltration of the skin may resolve spontaneously and require no treatment. (who.int)
  • Children exposed to the same levels of hydrogen fluoride as adults may receive larger doses because they have greater lung surface area:body weight ratios and increased minute volumes:weight ratios. (cdc.gov)
  • Children are more vulnerable to toxicants absorbed through the skin because of their relatively larger surface area:body weight ratio. (cdc.gov)
  • We report here on a case of Jessner lymphocytic infiltration associated with an atrophic scar due to cutaneous leishmaniasis from 5 years before. (who.int)
  • The literature suggests however that certain patients monitored for as long as 30 years remain within the spectrum of Jessner lymphocytic infiltration with no progression [3]. (who.int)
  • The diagnosis was changed to lymphocytic infiltration of the skin and the patient was treated with triamcinolone ointment twice daily. (who.int)
  • thus, further research is warranted into factors that can increase surface infiltration and potentially groundwater recharge. (uark.edu)
  • Here we show that Escherichia coli bacteria expressing fibrous surface proteins, known as curli, assemble and activate factors of the human coagulation cascade at their surface. (lu.se)