Surface of the lung lung. Medical search. Frequent questions

Previous studies have demonstrated that lung-specific proteins are associated with surfactant lipids, particularly the highly surface active subfraction known as tubular myelin. (nih.gov)
We have isolated a surfactant-associated protein complex with molecular weight components of 36 000, 32 000, and 28 000 and reassembled it with protein-free lung surfactant lipids prepared as small unilamellar liposomes. (nih.gov)
The effects of divalent cations on the structure and surface activity of this protein-lipid mixture were investigated by following (1) the state of lipid dispersion by changes in turbidity and by electron microscopy and (2) the ability of the surfactant lipids to form a surface film from an aqueous subphase at 37 degrees C. The protein complex markedly increased the rate of Ca2+-induced surfactant-lipid aggregation. (nih.gov)
Similarly, 5 mM Ca2+ but not 5 mM Mg2+ improved the ability of the protein-lipid mixture to form a surface film at 37 degrees C. Extensive aggregation of the surfactant lipids without protein by 20 mM Ca2+ or 20 mM Mg2+ did not promote rapid surface film formation. (nih.gov)
These results add to the growing evidence that specific Ca2+-protein-lipid interactions are important in determining both the structure and function of extracellular lung surfactant fractions. (nih.gov)
Lung surfactant in a cystic fibrosis animal model: increased alveolar phospholipid pool size without altered composition and surface tension function in cftrm1HGU/m1HGU mice. (bmj.com)
However, the fundamental question of whether surfactant alterations in the CF lung are secondary to the pulmonary damage or are present before initiation of chronic infection and inflammation has yet to be resolved in patients with cystic fibrosis but can now be addressed in CF mice that exhibit the basic defect in the airways. (bmj.com)
A study was therefore undertaken to investigate the pool sizes, composition, and function of lung surfactant in the non-infected cftrm1HGU/m1HGU mouse. (bmj.com)
Equilibrium and minimal surface tension of surfactant was assessed by the pulsating bubble surfactometer technique. (bmj.com)
The captive bubble surfactometer (CBS) provides measurement of surface activity from rather small amounts of surfactant. (uni-luebeck.de)
Surface activities after 5 min of adsorption were determined in the CBS and correlated to the perinatal data (e.g., gestational age, birth weight, gender), airway interventions (like CPAP, conventional ventilation) and surfactant treatment. (uni-luebeck.de)
Surfactant is produced by alveolar type II cells which can be differentiated in vitro from patient specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived lung organoids. (nature.com)
Alveolar type II (ATII) epithelial cells synthesize, secrete and recycle all components of surfactant and dysfunction in surfactant metabolism can result in a variety of pediatric lung diseases including respiratory distress syndrome and interstitial lung disease 3 . (nature.com)
To determine the correlation between maternal bile acid (BA) level and fetal pulmonary surfactant in rats and study the effects of BA on fetal lung in rat model of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. (hindawi.com)
However, whether the level of TBA in maternal serum caused perinatal abnormality of pulmonary surfactant and fetal lung tissue morphological structure remains largely unknown. (hindawi.com)
Recently, bile acid was found to cause surfactant inactivation by enhancing the activity of secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) and induce inflammatory response of fetal lung [ 5 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Pulmonary surfactant, also known as lung surfactant, is a detergent-like, lipid-protein mixture synthesized by alveolar type II epithelial cells. (biophysics.org)
The major biophysical function of this lung surfactant film is to reduce the alveolar surface tension to near-zero value. (biophysics.org)

The results showed that lycopene reduced the number of metastatic tumors in the lungs, which was further suppressed by the combined treatment with sorafenib. (frontiersin.org)
More and more, people with lung cancer are receiving treatments that zero in on specific genetic changes in their tumors (targeted therapies). (cancer.gov)
People who have never smoked, are female, and are of Asian descent are more likely to have a HER2 mutation in their lung tumors, he noted. (cancer.gov)
As long as it isn't causing too many side effects, doctors often keep patients on a lung cancer treatment even if their tumors are staying the same size or only shrinking slightly, he explained. (cancer.gov)
Tumors in the lung may be treated with surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or combinations of these approaches. (cancercare.org)

Diabetic patients with and without chronic lung disease are at increased risk of respiratory infection. (ersjournals.com)
A report characterizing exposure histories and respiratory disease among surface coal miners identified with progressive massive fibrosis from a 2010 to 2011 pneumoconiosis survey. (cdc.gov)
The lung microbiome plays a role in immune responses and respiratory health . (theconversation.com)
Disruptions in the lung microbiome can make us more susceptible to infections and respiratory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and pneumonia. (theconversation.com)
The present document integrates and consolidates the recommendations of the current American Thoracic Society (ATS)/European Respiratory Society Task Force on pulmonary function standards, and the recommendations from an earlier National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) workshop convened by the ATS. (ersjournals.com)
Researchers at the Perelman School of Medicine have discovered a new type of cell, the respiratory airway secretory cell in the lung, which could help repair damage caused by diseases such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease . (thedp.com)
The study was published in Nature , a weekly international journal, and found that when comparing the genomes of the human and mice lungs, humans had a unique type of lung cell called the respiratory airway secretory cells. (thedp.com)
Coronavirus can affect the upper respiratory system (nose, sinuses and throat) with flu-like symptoms, the lower respiratory system (airways and lungs) by causing cough with or without mucous and difficulty breathing. (nationaljewish.org)
Common symptoms of COVID-19 respiratory infections in the airways and lungs may include severe cough that produces mucous, shortness of breath, chest tightness and wheezing when you exhale. (nationaljewish.org)
Pneumonia that is caused by coronavirus may be more severe, affect many parts of the lungs, and cause shock, organ damage, abnormal blood clotting, acute respiratory distress syndrome and deteriorating health. (nationaljewish.org)
Distal lung tissue is severely damaged in many lung diseases, causing respiratory insufficiency from loss of surface area available for gas exchange. (lu.se)
The bronchus (from Greek bronkhos "windpipe") is the part of the respiratory system that connects the trachea to the lung parenchyma. (medscape.com)

Here, we consider a newly identified role for pulmonary glucose transport in maintaining low airway surface liquid (ASL) glucose concentrations and propose that this contributes to lung defence against infection. (ersjournals.com)
However, much subsequent research in this area was focused on the role of pulmonary SGLT transport as a modifier of lung liquid volume [ 3 , 4 ], and the effects of starvation and diabetes on glucose transport [ 1 , 5 ]. (ersjournals.com)
MSCs are able to ameliorate various kinds of lung injury and are intensively investigated to develop a therapeutic approach for treating lung diseases such as RILI, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and emphysema which are lacking a specific and effective therapy [ 8 , 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
SP-A is covered on the alveolus surface to decrease the surface tension, thus prevent alveolus collapse, and stabilize pulmonary alveolar pressure [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Pulmonary Hypertension Pulmonary hypertension is a condition in which blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs (the pulmonary arteries) is abnormally high. (msdmanuals.com)

Although many differentiation protocols in the literature have been successful in mimicking lung development from stem cells, there has not been an examination of how a specific mutation impacts the differentiation process including its effects on the early endoderm, as well as the proximal and distal lung epithelial cell populations in the lung organoids. (nature.com)

The immunodiagnosis of lung cancer with monoclonal antibodies. (medscimonit.com)
furthermore, the expanded γδ T cells were adoptively transferred into late-stage liver and lung cancer patients. (nature.com)
Among these 132 patients, 8 liver cancer patients and 10 lung cancer patients who received ≥5 cell infusions showed greatly prolonged survival, which preliminarily verified the efficacy of allogeneic Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell therapy. (nature.com)
Overall, the present study demonstrates that lycopene in combination with sorafenib additively inhibits the lung metastasis of tumor, indicating lycopene has potential as an adjuvant for sorafenib in cancer treatment. (frontiersin.org)
According to the World Health Organization, lung cancer has the highest mortality rate of all cancers. (frontiersin.org)
In the United States, statistics from 2013 to 2018 show that men account for approximately 46.9% of lung cancer and women account for 32.0% ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
Therefore, inhibiting cancer metastasis can be one of the strategies to effectively treat lung cancer. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we describe the development of ABBV-011, a novel SEZ6-targeted, calicheamicin-based ADC for the treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). (aacrjournals.org)
Deeper understanding of the pathobiology of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has led to the development of small molecules that target genetic mutations known to play critical roles in the progression to metastatic disease. (medscape.com)
With antibody-drug conjugates like trastuzumab deruxtecan (Enhertu), a drug is chemically linked to an antibody that targets a specific protein on the cancer cell surface. (cancer.gov)
Now patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have another targeted therapy option. (cancer.gov)
This approval is "highly anticipated and exciting," said Joel Neal, M.D., Ph.D., a lung cancer doctor and researcher at the Stanford Cancer Institute. (cancer.gov)
Up until this point, there were no FDA-approved targeted therapies for HER2 -mutant lung cancer," Dr. Neal added. (cancer.gov)
After two decades of failed attempts in clinical trials, we have learned more about the biology of HER2 in lung cancer," said, Bob T. Li, M.D., Ph.D., M.P.H., of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. (cancer.gov)
This kind of genetic testing , often called biomarker testing , is "the critical first step" for treating people with lung cancer, Dr. Neal said. (cancer.gov)
Panel testing such as next-generation sequencing is now standard of care " for people with advanced lung cancer, he added. (cancer.gov)
Atezolizumab is approved to treat some people with non-small cell lung cancer after surgery. (cancer.gov)
The HER2 mutations seen in lung cancer make the HER2 protein activated all the time, Dr. Neal explained. (cancer.gov)
[ 5 ] An earlier report, in 1956, by Babolini and Blasi, described the same clinicopathological entity using the nomenclature, "The pleural form of primary cancer of the lung. (medscape.com)
Today on MedNet21, we're going to discuss New Therapies for Lung Cancer. (osu.edu)
After this presentation, learners should appreciate the magnitude of the lung cancer problem, aware of the rapid pace of progress in this disease, and be better versed on some of the latest advances in the management of lung cancer. (osu.edu)
and Understand the basic principles of workup and initial lung cancer management decisions. (osu.edu)
The heterogeneity of antigen expression on lung cancer cells has significant implications for the use of these and other monoclonal antibodies in the study and therapy of lung cancer. (elsevierpure.com)
Within the non-small cell lung cancer group, subtypes include adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. (cancercare.org)
In early-stage lung cancer, the tumor is contained inside the lung. (cancercare.org)
In metastatic lung cancer, the tumor has spread outside the lung to other organs in the body, such as the liver, brain, and bones. (cancercare.org)
Doctors recommend different treatments for lung cancer based on the type of lung cancer. (cancercare.org)
In the past, patients with the same type and stage of lung cancer received the same treatment. (cancercare.org)
Proteomic testing A new blood test called VeriStrat is available for advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients. (cancercare.org)
A once-daily pill halved people's risk of dying from a common lung cancer when they took the drug after tumor-removal surgery, new trial data shows. (livescience.com)
Made by the biopharmaceutical company AstraZeneca, Tagrisso, also known as osimertinib, reduced the five-year risk of death in lung cancer patients by 51%, according to a study published Sunday (June 4) in The New England Journal of Medicine . (livescience.com)
The study was the result of a 682-patient trial that included participants diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), one of two main types of primary lung cancer. (livescience.com)
Such mutations are present in about 25% of lung cancer patients worldwide, according to The Guardian . (livescience.com)
Fifty percent is a big deal in any disease, but certainly in a disease like lung cancer, which has typically been very resistant to therapies. (livescience.com)
Each year more than 127,000 Americans die from lung cancer, according to the American Cancer Society . (livescience.com)
Unfortunately, not all lung cancer patients are tested for the EGFR gene, Herbst said. (livescience.com)
OBJECTIVES: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are the most commonly prescribed antihypertensives, with prior studies identifying a possible association between long-term use and increased rates of lung cancer. (bvsalud.org)
The ACEI group had a higher freedom from lung cancer versus controls at 15 years (98.47%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 98.41-98.54) versus 98.26%, (95% CI 98.20-98.33), whereas ARBs had similar rates versus controls at all time points. (bvsalud.org)
For patients diagnosed as having lung cancer, median all-cause survival was significantly higher in the ACEI (34.7 months, 95% CI 32.8-36.6) and ARB (30.9 months, 95% CI 28.1-33.8) groups than the control group (20.6 months, 95% CI 20.1-21.1). (bvsalud.org)
CONCLUSIONS: This study showed lower rates of lung cancer with ACEI use and no difference in risk with ARBs. (bvsalud.org)
In addition, use of these medications was found to be associated with increased survival in those diagnosed as having lung cancer. (bvsalud.org)
This study supports the continued use of these medications without concern for increasing the risk of lung cancer. (bvsalud.org)
Such exposure is associated with several chronic effects, including skin problems such as melansosis, keratosis and cancer, cancers of the bladder, kidney and lung, diseases of the blood vessels of the legs and feet, and possibly also diabetes, high blood pressure, reproductive disorders and impairment of children's intellectual development. (who.int)

Initial studies with the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) gefitnib (Iressa) and erlotinib (Tarceva) demonstrated biologic and clinical activity in only a relatively limited subset of lung cancers. (medscape.com)
Using immunohistochemistry, radiobinding, and indirect immunofluorescence assays, seven distinct cell surface antigens, detected by monoclonal antibodies, were analyzed for the degree of homogeneity or heterogeneity of antigen expression on A Panel of human small cell lung cancers. (elsevierpure.com)
Many advances are being made in the treatment of lung cancers. (cancercare.org)
There are two basic types of lung cancers: small cell and non-small cell. (cancercare.org)
Over 85 percent of all lung cancers are non-small cell lung cancers, while about 13 percent are small cell lung cancers. (cancercare.org)
The drug bevacizumab (Avastin), while helpful in individuals with adenocarcinomas, can cause severe side effects in patients with squamous cell lung cancers. (cancercare.org)
Approximately 80% to 85% of all lung cancers are NSCLC. (livescience.com)

Central Appalachia has seen a marked increase in the most severe form of black lung, known as progressive massive fibrosis. (100daysinappalachia.com)
RILI may include early radiation-induced pneumonitis and advanced stage radiation-induced lung fibrosis [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Radiation-induced pneumonitis and lung fibrosis are mostly observed in 4 to 30 weeks and 6 to 12 months after thoracic radiotherapy [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
2.) Chronic sarcoidosis causes scarring (fibrosis) of the lungs that gets worse over time. (lunguk.org)
With higher-intensity or more prolonged exposures, these nodules coalesce (come together) and cause progressive fibrosis and lung dysfunction, or they sometimes form large masses (called progressive massive fibrosis). (msdmanuals.com)

This study introduces a fully automated method for accurately separating the left and right lungs using volumetric computed tomography (CT) scans. (corelinesoft.com)
The study aimed to evaluate the diaphragm morphology (height and thickness) in single-lung transplantation (SLTx), using computed tomography (CT), by assessing the evolution of the hemidiaphragm of the transplanted and the native side. (frontiersin.org)
Lung volumes derived from computed tomography (CT) scans can include estimates of abnormal lung tissue volumes, in addition to normal lung tissue volumes and the volume of gas within the lungs. (ersjournals.com)

Patients who underwent single lung transplantation in our center (Marseille, France) between January 2009 and January 2022 were retrospectively included. (frontiersin.org)
Lung transplantation (LTx), by replacing a diseased lung with a healthy one, is an interesting model to evaluate the evolution of the diaphragmatic morphology before and after transplantation in the context of lung disease. (frontiersin.org)
Even more appealingly, single lung transplantation (SLTx) allows a healthy and a diseased lung to coexist in the same patient, along with their respective hemidiaphragm. (frontiersin.org)
Lung transplantation has matured into an accepted therapeutic alternative for children with end-stage lung disease. (medscape.com)
From 1986 through June 2016, 2330 lung and 730 heart-lung transplants in children were reported to the Registry for the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT). (medscape.com)
However, the phrase "children are not just small adults" is nowhere more true than in the field of lung transplantation. (medscape.com)
This article is meant not only to serve as an overview of the field of lung transplantation but also to highlight the unique challenges faced by pediatric lung transplant recipients, their families, and their healthcare teams. (medscape.com)
Pediatric lung transplantation actuarial survival by era. (medscape.com)
In 1963, James Hardy, MD, at the University of Mississippi, performed the first human lung transplantation in a 58-year-old convict serving a life sentence. (medscape.com)
Joel Cooper, MD, at the University of Toronto achieved success in 1983 with the transplantation of a single lung. (medscape.com)
This procedure was soon followed by successful double lung transplantation. (medscape.com)
Lastly, Bowdish et al and other groups demonstrated that living-donor lobar lung transplantation can be successfully performed. (medscape.com)
According to the International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) Registry, 2,330 pediatric lung and 730 pediatric heart-lung transplants have been performed through June 30, 2016. (medscape.com)
Lung transplantation remains the only potential curative option at end-stage disease but is severely limited by a lack of suitable donor lungs and low long-term survival. (lu.se)
Bioengineering lung tissue or bioengineering cells with biomaterials for transplantation is an exciting new approach to (re)generate tissue to close this large unmet clinical need. (lu.se)
Lung transplantation is the only option at end-stage disease and is further complicated by shortage in organs available for transplantation and low efficacy. (lu.se)
In particular, our work focuses on the design and use of biologic and synthetic scaffolds to bioengineer new lung tissue for transplantation. (lu.se)

The researchers noticed that disruption of RAS cells impairs lung functions in a similar way to how COPD affects the lungs, providing a possible treatment pathway. (thedp.com)

How does CFTR affect the lungs of people with CF? (healthline.com)
How Does COVID-19 Affect the Lungs? (nationaljewish.org)

Testing by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency ples from nose, trachea, and lungs were fi xed in 10% buff- identifi ed pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus in a swine herd in ered formalin and processed for routine histopathologic examination. (cdc.gov)
The lungs were inflated via the trachea with gas or Krebs solution (n = 12 each) to volumes equivalent to gas inflation pressures of 5 (low), 15 (medium), and 25 (high) cmH2O (n = 4 each). (ox.ac.uk)

Radiotherapy, the commonly used treatment for thoracic malignant tumor, can lead to severe complications in some patients, like radiation-induced lung injury (RILI). (hindawi.com)

In contrast, lung volumes derived from conventional chest radiographs are usually based on the volumes within the outlines of the thoracic cage, and include the volume of tissue (normal and abnormal), as well as the lung gas volume. (ersjournals.com)
In COPD, it is known that alveolar type 2 cells, which help regenerate the exterior surfaces of alveoli, become abnormal. (thedp.com)

Current model of the mechanisms controlling glucose concentrations in the surface liquid lining the airway and distal lung epithelium. (ersjournals.com)
Surface activities show a significant correlation to gestational age, birth weight, and the need for airway interventions. (uni-luebeck.de)
Comparing the need for airway interventions versus surface activity, a receiver operating characteristic calculated a sensitivity of 0.77 and a specificity of 0.72 at a "cut off" of 44 mN/m. (uni-luebeck.de)
Determination of surface activity from upper airway aspirates is feasible. (uni-luebeck.de)
For patient education resources, see the Lung and Airway Center , as well as Heart and Lung Transplant and Bronchoscopy . (medscape.com)
Effects of lung volume and surface forces on maximal airway smooth muscle shortening. (ox.ac.uk)
The effects of lung volume and surface forces on airway smooth muscle shortening were studied in isolated perfused rat lungs. (ox.ac.uk)
In the methacholine-stimulated lungs, mean shortening was between 45 and 56% at medium and low lung volumes in gas- and liquid-filled lungs, respectively, and approximated the degree of shortening required to cause airway closure. (ox.ac.uk)

Following a steady increase in pediatric lung transplants in the first decade of this millennium, with 125 reported to the ISHLT registry in 2009, numbers have remained stable with a range of 90 to 137 observed during the past 12 years. (medscape.com)

Here, we examined the anti-lung-metastatic effects and the mechanism of lycopene in combination with sorafenib in C57BL/6 mice xenografted with Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells. (frontiersin.org)

Coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) is a chronic occupational lung disease caused by long-term inhalation of dust, which triggers inflammation of the alveoli, eventually resulting in irreversible lung damage. (cdc.gov)
During inhalation, the first barrier which nanoparticles bump into is the lung membrane, which coats the inner surface of alveoli. (europa.eu)
Lung membranes are our first line of defense against foreign substances attempting to enter our organism via air and they are crucial for breathing, regulating gas exchange at the water-air interface of the alveoli. (europa.eu)
COPD is a progressive lung disease that is characterized by chronic inflammation of the lung and results in damage to the alveoli - structures in the lung that exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the bloodstream - over time, according to Mayo Clinic . (thedp.com)
When healthy lungs inhale, the lungs and their 480 million tiny air sacs (alveoli) fill with oxygen. (nationaljewish.org)

Inflammation of the surface of the eye (scleritis) may result in dry, gritty-feeling eyes or pain in the eyes. (healthlinkbc.ca)
Inflammation of the membrane sac surrounding the lungs may cause pain and difficult breathing. (healthlinkbc.ca)

Understanding of mechanisms underlying lung glucose homeostasis could identify new therapeutic targets for control of ASL glucose and prevention and treatment of lung infection. (ersjournals.com)
Additionally, researchers have shown that changing the bacterial composition of the body may have important consequences on the effectiveness of vaccines used to protect the mucosal surfaces of the body against infection. (sciencedaily.com)
It is an injury to the lungs caused by infection or trauma. (nationaljewish.org)

Appalachian surface coal miners are consistently overexposed to toxic silica dust, according to new research from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , and surface mine dust contains more silica than does dust in underground coal mines. (100daysinappalachia.com)
The research is the first to specifically analyze long-term data on exposure to toxic silica dust for workers at surface mines. (100daysinappalachia.com)
Silica dust comes from quartz in the rock layers near coal seams, and it is significantly more harmful to lung tissue than coal dust alone. (100daysinappalachia.com)
A project to reduce respirable silica dust exposure in surface mines through improved understanding of dust generation and transport, improvement of current control technologies, and development of new control technologies. (cdc.gov)

For over 50 years, glucose has been recognised to cross the lung epithelial barrier and be transported by lung epithelial cells. (ersjournals.com)

Overview of Environmental and Occupational Lung Disease Environmental and occupational lung diseases result from inhalation of dusts, chemicals, gases, fumes, and other airborne exposures. (msdmanuals.com)

Although one-year survival rates have improved, long-term outcomes for children receiving lung transplants have not (see the image below). (medscape.com)

Overlapping lung and pleural involvement in individual cases has given rise to the more inclusive term "pleuropulmonary" synovial sarcoma. (medscape.com)
Consolidated lung with fibrous exudate on the pleural surface from a turkey with fowl cholera. (merckvetmanual.com)
The classic description of malignant pleural mesothelioma is a thickening in the pleural space with encasement of the lung by a rindlike visceral pleura. (medscape.com)

It is believed that these bacteria come from the mouth and nose, making their way into the lungs when we inhale small amounts of oral and nasal secretions. (theconversation.com)

My lab focuses on understanding the role of the extracellular environment for endogenous and exogenous lung tissue regeneration in healthy and diseased lung. (lu.se)

[ 7 ] researchers identified EGFR mutations in 50.5% of surgically resected lung adenocarcinomas. (medscape.com)

Replacement with a healthy lung can promote the recovery of the diaphragm to its anatomical morphology, reinforcing the close relationship between these two organs. (frontiersin.org)
In multiple organs, including the lungs, age-related tissue and organ dysfunction interferes with tissue regeneration, which requires functional stem cells. (karger.com)
Stem cells of all organs - including the lung, which harbors distinct stem cells for each separate tissue that makes up the lung as a whole - reside in niches described as a microenvironment that supports and maintains the 'stemness' of cells as a critical reservoir for maintaining tissue homeostasis and responding to injury [ 3 ]. (karger.com)
Orthopoxviruses and Monkeypox virus were detected in the organs by PCR using consensus primers targeting the virus surface membrane haemagglutinin (HA) genes, while Leptospira species were detected by PCR using primers targeting the rrs and lfb1 genes. (who.int)

The inflammagenic potential of the tested CNP was found to be as follows: GO>C60-TRIS>C60, as evidenced by accumulation of PMNs, macrophages and lymphocytes as well as changes in lung permeability and inflammatory cytokine profiles in the lungs on days 1 and 7 post exposure. (cdc.gov)

The cytotoxic and anti-lung adenocarcinoma ‎potentials of biologically formulated AgNPs‎ against NCI-H1563‎, NCI-H1437‎, NCI-H1299‎, and NCI-H2126 cells were determined. (degruyter.com)
The anti-lung adenocarcinoma ‎ properties of the AgNPs ‎ removed NCI-H1563‎, NCI-H1437‎, NCI-H1299‎, and NCI-H2126 cells. (degruyter.com)
[ 3 , 4 ] The term "pseudomesotheliomatous carcinoma" was first applied by Harwood and colleagues in 1976 to 6 cases of peripheral lung adenocarcinoma that closely mimicked mesothelioma. (medscape.com)

The researchers hope that this newly discovered RAS-to-AT2 pathway can further the understanding of COPD's disease mechanisms and potentially result in new ways to treat COPD that can improve lung function, expanding upon current treatments, like anti-inflammatory drugs and oxygen therapy. (thedp.com)
This causes fluid and inflammatory cells to build up in the lungs and prevents oxygen from getting through, causing severe breathing difficulties and lack of oxygen in the blood. (nationaljewish.org)

We will consider both carbon nanoparticles and nanotubes, and we will investigate their influence on the membrane properties and the mechanism of permeation through lung membranes. (europa.eu)
When the lung is damaged, the level of SP-A is increased through permeability augmented alveolus-capillary membrane and released to blood circulation. (hindawi.com)
Some groups reported SP-A in serum as a tool to evaluate the integrality of alveolus-capillary membrane and the degree of lung injury [ 11 , 12 ]. (hindawi.com)

The method utilizes free-formed surface fitting and iterative 3-dimensional morphological operators to divide the lungs. (corelinesoft.com)

Bumps (nodules) may also develop in lung tissue. (healthlinkbc.ca)
Enzymes released by the scavenger cells cause the lung tissue to scar and form nodules. (msdmanuals.com)
In low-intensity or short-term exposures, these nodules remain discrete and do not compromise lung function. (msdmanuals.com)

Now researchers report that microbiota regulate the ability of lung dendritic cells to generate immune responses. (sciencedaily.com)
Microbiota--the trillions of bacteria that co-exist in the body--regulate the ability of lung dendritic cells to generate immune responses, according to a study led by researchers from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, published online in the Journal of Experimental Medicine . (sciencedaily.com)
Our findings demonstrate a clear role of bacteria in modulating immune function in the lungs, which were long considered 'sterile' sites," said Saurabh Mehandru, MD, senior author of the paper and Assistant Professor of Medicine in Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. (sciencedaily.com)
This provides the basis to study other aspects of lung immune function that may be affected by microbial communities, and may also help with improving nasal vaccines used to protect against infections of the lung and elsewhere in the body. (sciencedaily.com)
While much work has focused on the failure of epithelial cell populations as a key component of the aging process, additional studies have shown that aging, as a global phenomenon in the lung, also impacts resident endothelial, mesenchymal, and immune cell populations. (karger.com)
Pneumonia is a concern for older people because they have reduced lung capacity, require longer recover time and have age-weakened immune systems. (nationaljewish.org)

The work reveals that while attention has been trained on a surge in disease among underground coal miners, surface miners are similarly at risk of contracting coal worker's pneumoconiosis, or black lung disease. (100daysinappalachia.com)
Black lung disease has been identified in coal miners in every coal-mining state at both surface and underground mines. (100daysinappalachia.com)
After decades of successful reduction in black lung disease through safety controls in coal mines, black lung disease has been on the rise among coal miners for the last two decades. (100daysinappalachia.com)
The surge in disease is putting strain on the already-indebted federal Black Lung Disability Trust Fund , and as younger miners become disabled due to black lung, the strain on Appalachian mining communities continues to grow. (100daysinappalachia.com)
Find out how the continuous personal dust monitor (CPDM) is being used to reduce exposure to black lung-causing coal dust. (cdc.gov)
Faces of Black Lung' features two miners who share their stories and provide insight on how their lives have changed due to this devastating black lung disease. (cdc.gov)

We further aim to build new models of human lung tissue to reduce animal usage, better understand how regeneration processes are deranged in CLDs, and for use as drug discovery and therapeutic screening platforms. (lu.se)

The role of lung volume measurements in the assessment of disease severity, functional disability, course of disease and response to treatment remains to be determined in infants, as well as in children and adults. (ersjournals.com)

Over three million people die each year and over 60 million people suffer worldwide from chronic lung diseases (CLDs). (lu.se)

The incidence rate of severe irradiation-induced lung injuries reported is 15% among patients treated by thoracic radiotherapy [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
That is, patients trade their end-stage lung disease for transplant lung disease, with the hope that it can be better managed. (medscape.com)
My hope is that starting to understand more about how [RAS] cells respond to insult will give us insight into the kind of things that we could attempt to target for improving lung function in patients with chronic lung disease," Basil said. (thedp.com)
All patients also had a mutation in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene, which codes for a protein found on the surface of cells. (livescience.com)

Clinicians should be aware of the risk for advanced pneumoconiosis among surface coal miners, in addition to underground coal miners, to facilitate prompt disease identification and intervention. (cdc.gov)
The influence of lung disease on the diaphragm has been poorly studied. (frontiersin.org)
These findings suggest that a lethal lung disease can be targeted and corrected in a human lung organoid model in vitro . (nature.com)
We will also examine how regenerative failure may contribute to development of aging-related, chronic lung disease. (karger.com)
Inspired and expired lung volumes measured by spirometry are useful for detecting, characterising and quantifying the severity of lung disease. (ersjournals.com)

The Act also established a surveillance system for assessing prevalence of pneumoconiosis among underground coal miners, but this surveillance does not extend to surface coal miners. (cdc.gov)
Exposure to respirable dust is thought to be less in surface than underground coal miners. (cdc.gov)
Although they comprise 48% of the coal mining workforce, surface coal miners have not been studied since 2002 ( 3 , 4 ). (cdc.gov)
To assess the prevalence, severity, and geographic distribution of pneumoconiosis among current surface coal miners, CDC obtained chest radiographs of 2,328 miners during 2010-2011 through the Coal Workers' Health Surveillance Program of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). (cdc.gov)
The crude prevalences of CWP, PMF, advanced pneumoconiosis, and r-type opacities among participating surface coal miners were calculated. (cdc.gov)
Radiographs from 2,328 surface coal miners (approximately 7% of active U.S. surface coal miners) were evaluated and classified. (cdc.gov)

The effects of lung volume in liquid-filled lungs and the differences in response between gas- and liquid-filled lungs demonstrate, respectively, that both lung tissue recoil and surface forces act to oppose shortening of maximally stimulated smooth muscle. (ox.ac.uk)

Since the mid-1960s, it has been known that there are energy-dependent, sodium-coupled glucose transporter (SGLT) and energy-independent, facilitative glucose transporter (GLUT) pathways for glucose uptake in the lung [ 1 ], and that glucose can permeate the alveolar epithelial barrier [ 2 ]. (ersjournals.com)
Lung development is a complicated process that involves the specialization of multiple bronchiolar and alveolar epithelial populations. (nature.com)

The increase in phospholipids in BAL fluid of cftrm1HGU/m1HGU mice resulted from an increased fraction of large aggregates which exhibited normal surface tension function. (bmj.com)

Less quantity of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) influences the therapeutic effects on radiation-induced lung injury (RILI). (hindawi.com)
It has been observed that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could home and engraft within the injured tissues and differentiate into vascular cells and alveolar cells to regenerate the damage in the irradiated mouse lung [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)

Glucose diffusion is determined by epithelial permeability to glucose, the transepithelial glucose gradient and surface area. (ersjournals.com)

The lung was initially filled with oxygen and connected to a mouthpiece by twin hoses containing one-way valves, one for breathing in and the other for breathing out. (wikipedia.org)
The lung damage can lead to lower levels of oxygen in the blood and can also strain the right side of the heart. (msdmanuals.com)

Here we show the differentiation of patient specific iPSCs derived from a patient with SFTPB deficiency into lung organoids with mesenchymal and epithelial cell populations from both the proximal and distal portions of the human lung. (nature.com)

The amount of SP-A in BAL fluid and the composition of phospholipid as well as phosphatidylcholine molecular species in BAL fluid and lung tissue was unchanged in cftrm1HGU/m1HGU mice compared with controls. (bmj.com)
To the researchers' surprise, they found that when they isolated lung dendritic cells from "germ free" or antibiotic-treated mice, the production of IgA was highly impaired. (sciencedaily.com)
Further, when the germ-free mice were fed with a component of bacterial cell wall called LPS, the lung dendritic cells started instructing B cells to produce IgA again. (sciencedaily.com)
Differences between the lung cells of mice - which are commonly used in research - and humans have resulted in COPD's mechanisms being relatively poorly understood, according to Penn Medicine . (thedp.com)

The left and right lung volumes are then separated using this surface. (corelinesoft.com)
Measurements of absolute lung volumes, residual volume (RV), functional residual capacity (FRC) and total lung capacity (TLC) are technically more challenging, which limits their use in clinical practice. (ersjournals.com)
In contrast to the relative simplicity of spirometric volumes, a variety of disparate techniques have been developed for the measurement of absolute lung volumes. (ersjournals.com)
Static lung volumes and capacities based on a volume-time spirogram of an inspiratory vital capacity (IVC). (ersjournals.com)

reported that bile acid aspiration induced severe chemical pneumonitis in a porcine lung model [ 14 ]. (hindawi.com)

During 2010-2011, the Coal Workers' Health Surveillance Program mobile surveillance unit traveled to 16 of the 17 states * with active surface coal mines to offer chest radiographs to miners. (cdc.gov)
Site selection was based on accessibility and cooperation of surface coal mine operators, who are not required to offer chest radiographs to their employees. (cdc.gov)

To study the production of IgA within the lungs, the researchers used mouse models to isolate specialized cells called dendritic cells and cultured them with antibody-producing B cells. (sciencedaily.com)
After differentiating the mutant and corrected cells into lung organoids, we show expression of SFTPB mRNA during endodermal and organoid differentiation but the protein product only after organoid differentiation. (nature.com)
This is especially important in the cells in your lung airways, which need a certain amount of moisture to function properly. (healthline.com)
Reduced CFTR function causes less chloride to make it to the surface of the cells in your airways. (healthline.com)
These cells are one of many cell types that help maintain essential structures in the lung. (thedp.com)
This paper scratches the surface and identifies a few signaling pathways that appear to regulate [RAS cells]. (thedp.com)
EGFRs are structures found on the surface of some cells that take in messages, encouraging those cells to grow and divide. (cancercare.org)
The rhythmic movement of the cilia promotes the flow of the superficial liquid lining of the epithelium, along with mucin and other particulate material (eg, cells and debris) from within the lung to the pharynx. (medscape.com)

Arteries, veins, and lymphatics also enter the lungs at the hilum along with the bronchi. (medscape.com)

Contrarily, some studies suggested that the quantity of exogenous MSCs transplanted in the injured lung tissues is so less to influence the biological effects of MSCs [ 2 , 16 , 17 ]. (hindawi.com)

NIOSH researchers were specifically interested in surface miners' exposure because those mines produce the most coal and, in 2017, twice as many miners worked at surface mines compared to underground mines. (100daysinappalachia.com)
Researchers analyzed 54,040 coal dust samples taken on surface mines between 1982 and 2017 to determine the percent of that coal dust that was silica, and found that the level of silica was above the permissible limit in 15 percent of those samples. (100daysinappalachia.com)
With this study, Mount Sinai researchers have shown a key link between antibiotic use, dysbiosis and reduced production of IgA within the lungs. (sciencedaily.com)

In this review, we examine aging as a process dependent on specific changes in molecular pathways within multiple lung cell populations. (karger.com)

Thus, their study demonstrates how commensal bacteria may affect important aspects of lung immunity, in turn increasing our susceptibility to allergies and infections. (sciencedaily.com)

Anatomy25

Organisms13

Diseases71

Chemicals and Drugs45

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment59

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes46

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science5

Health Care17

Surfactant18

Tumors5

Respiratory12

Pulmonary5

Proximal and distal lung1

Cancer43

Cancers7

Fibrosis5

Computed tomography3

Transplantation17

Affects the lungs1

Affect the lungs2

Trachea2

Tumor1

Abnormal2

Airway8

Pediatric lung1

Metastatic1

Alveoli5

Inflammation2

Infection3

Silica dust4

Epithelial cells1

Occupational lung di1

Survival1

Pleural3

Inhale1

Extracellular1

Mutations1

Organs4

Macrophages1

Adenocarcinoma3

Inflammatory2

Membrane3

Morphological1

Nodules3

Immune6

Black lung6

Human lung tissue1

Volume Measurements1

Chronic lung diseases1

Patients4

Disease5

Coal miners6

Effects of lung1

Alveolar epithelial2

Tension1

Stem cells2

Permeability1

Oxygen2

Mesenchymal1

Mice4

Volumes4

Severe1

Chest radiographs2

Cells8

Arteries1

Exogenous1

Researchers3

Pathways1

Immunity1