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HalothaneAnesthesia, InhalationAnesthesiaAnesthesia, GeneralAnesthetics, InhalationAnesthesia, LocalIsofluraneAnesthesia, EpiduralAnesthesia, SpinalAnesthesia, IntravenousAnesthesia, ConductionEnfluraneNitrous OxideMethyl EthersAdministration, InhalationAnesthesia, ObstetricalAnestheticsPlethysmography, ImpedanceThiopentalAnesthesia Recovery PeriodAnesthesia, DentalDogsAnesthesia, IntratrachealInhalation ExposureEthyl EthersPentobarbitalAnesthetics, IntravenousFentanylTrifluoroacetic AcidPropofolAdjuvants, AnesthesiaPreanesthetic MedicationEtherHemodynamicsHypotension, ControlledRespirationThoraxAnesthesiologyAnesthetics, CombinedSmoke Inhalation InjuryBronchial SpasmAnesthetics, LocalCarbon DioxideBurns, InhalationHeart RateNeuromuscular Blocking AgentsBlood PressureEpinephrinePancuroniumMonitoring, IntraoperativeSuccinylcholineDepression, ChemicalDose-Response Relationship, DrugAnesthetics, GeneralConsciousnessInhalationBromidesLidocainePipecuroniumTime FactorsAnesthesia, Closed-CircuitBlood Gas AnalysisCardiac OutputAmrinoneAminophyllineArrhythmias, CardiacKetamineOxygenAmbulatory Surgical ProceduresElectroencephalographyBupivacaineEthersTidal VolumeDrug-Induced Liver InjuryVecuronium BromideNerve BlockAnesthesia, CaudalCentral Venous PressureAnesthetics, DissociativeIntubation, IntratrachealDrug InteractionsFunctional Residual CapacityXylazineCerebrovascular CirculationCatsVascular ResistanceRats, Sprague-DawleyBody TemperatureFluoridesAerosolsMicrospheresBlood VolumeConscious SedationAnesthesia Department, HospitalTubocurarineElectromyographyIntraoperative ComplicationsXenonOxygen ConsumptionMethohexital

IsofluraneEnfluraneAnestheticsAnestheticSevofluraneInductionBone marrow suppRespiratoryMalignantPatientsExposureSurgicalInjectionRatsSurgeryClinicalStableGeneralRelaxationProduceExpandRecovery to 25Regional anesthesiaIntravenousPostoperativeAnestheticNeuromuscularDurationCerebralInflammationArterialDoseMinutesWordsFactorsStudies

Isoflurane7

• Subsidiary atrial pacemakers assume control after sinoatrial (SA) node excision, and anesthetic-catecholamine interactions can produce severe bradycardia during isoflurane anesthesia. (silverchair.com)
• Site of the earliest atrial activation and incidences of nonatrial beats were determined in the conscious state, with methylatropine, with epinephrine, and during halothane, isoflurane, or enflurane anesthesia. (silverchair.com)
• After SA node excision, ventricular escape occurred as a result of epinephrine-anesthetic interactions, especially during anesthesia with isoflurane. (silverchair.com)
• In addition, halothane and enflurane, more than isoflurane, facilitate ectopic ventricular tachydysrhythmias with epinephrine. (silverchair.com)
• For a long time anesthesia, whose duration is over 30 minutes, the most common anesthetics, which is widely used in the operation, is the combination of guaifenesin, ketamine, and xylazine or isoflurane. (wikipedia.org)
• Several studies have demonstrated that nitrous oxide decreases the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of the halogenated anesthetics halothane, 1,2 isoflurane, 3,4 and sevoflurane 5 in a linear additive manner. (asahq.org)
• 5,6 We previously had shown an association between EEG burst suppression and heart rate in isoflurane 7 and enflurane 8 anesthesia. (silverchair.com)

Enflurane1

• Epinephrine-induced His bundle (atrioventricular junctional) and premature ventricular beats were increased by halothane and enflurane. (silverchair.com)

Anesthetics10

• The neuromuscular blocking action of vecuronium is slightly enhanced in the presence of potent inhalation anesthetics. (nih.gov)
• We hypothesized that epinephrine enhances atrial, atrioventricular junctional, and ventricular dysrhythmias after SA node excisions in dogs and that inhalation anesthetics would facilitate such dysrhythmias. (silverchair.com)
• If findings can be extrapolated to humans, intrinsic SA node dysfunction may facilitate severe cardiac dysrhythmias with inhalation anesthetics and catecholamines. (silverchair.com)
• Potent fashionable anesthetics are added thru inhalation and/or intravenous (IV) injection. (yourzdoctor.com)
• With the exception of nitrous oxide, inhalation anesthetics are volatile halogenated hydrocarbons. (yourzdoctor.com)
• Intravenous anesthetics include many chemically unrelated drug classes that are commonly used to rapidly induce anesthesia. (yourzdoctor.com)
• Some anesthetics, including halothane, sensitize the coronary heart to arrhythmogenic consequences of sympathomimetic sellers. (yourzdoctor.com)
• Asthma and air flow or perfusion abnormalities complicate manage of inhalation anesthetics. (yourzdoctor.com)
• However, compare to the doses used for TIVA(Total intravenous anesthesia), which is always lower than using the single anesthetics. (wikipedia.org)
• The doses of anesthetics will have a change, which depends on the required time of anesthesia, the requirements for anesthesia to volatile, expected pain of injection of anesthesia, the experience the anesthetist have using various medicine excluded other factors. (wikipedia.org)

Anesthetic4

• Premedication's facilitate clean induction of anesthesia and decrease required anesthetic doses. (yourzdoctor.com)
• Balanced anesthesia is an anesthetic method for surgical patients during their operation, which was proposed by John Lundy in 1926. (wikipedia.org)
• The purpose of balanced anesthesia is not only to be less dangerous than using only one drug to make patients general anesthesia but also to minimise the potential adverse side effects which may cause by the anesthetic agents. (wikipedia.org)
• Waste Anesthesia Gases are the anesthetic gases and vapors that leak into the surrounding room from the patient's anesthetic breathing circuit during medical procedures. (airwayjedi.com)

Sevoflurane1

• When we administer anesthesia, we pay a great deal of attention to the concentration of nitrous oxide and halogenated agents such as sevoflurane or desflurane that our patient receives. (airwayjedi.com)

Induction3

• According to a latest review of using the injection of anesthesia from the American association, the report has illustrated that for a short time anesthesia, whose duration is 20 minutes, the most recommend induction method is to use xylazine which is used as a sedative medicine. (wikipedia.org)
• Of the options below, which is a stage of a patient undergoing inhalation induction? (your-doctor.net)
• Patients undergoing inhalation induction progress through three stages: (a) awake, (b) excitement, and (c) surgical level of anesthesia. (your-doctor.net)

Bone marrow supp2

• Nitrous should be avoided when possible in patients with malnutrition, pernicious anemia, B12/folate deficiencies, and bone marrow suppression, among others. (airwayjedi.com)
• In 2000, Ellison and colleagues reported a rare case of bone marrow suppression in a patient who experienced leukopenia and thrombocytopenia during all 3 of her pregnancies. (medscape.com)

Respiratory1

• There is always a possibility of catastrophic bronchospasm and other respiratory complications associated with anesthesia in patients with reactive airways. (isanagpur.org)

Malignant2

• Malignant hyperthermia (MH) can develop after receiving general anesthesia. (your-doctor.net)
• Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a hereditary, life-threatening, hypermetabolic acute disorder, developing during or after receiving general anesthesia. (your-doctor.net)

Patients2

• The concept of balanced anesthesia is that applying two or more medications or techniques in order to help patients to ease pain, relax the muscles and have autonomous reflection suppression. (wikipedia.org)
• Anesthesiologist has to be selective regarding the choice of anesthesia technique and the use of drugs in these patients to avoid the provocation of bronchospasm and other airway related complications and if it occurs should recognize and manage appropriately. (isanagpur.org)

Exposure4

• Therefore, to remind everyone of best practices on how to protect ourselves from exposure, I've been part of a team collaborating with our Workplace Safety department to create a training video on how to minimize Waste Anesthesia Gas (WAG) exposure. (airwayjedi.com)
• Following inhalation exposure, absorption of chloroform appears to be rapid and extensive. (cdc.gov)
• 44 shortly after inhalation exposure (Danielsson et al. (cdc.gov)
• Following oral exposure in animal studies, distribution of chloroform appears to be similar to following inhalation exposure, with the primary concentrations in lipophilic tissues (Brown et al. (cdc.gov)

Surgical1

• For sufferers present process surgical or scientific procedures, anesthesia presents 5 essential benefits. (yourzdoctor.com)

Injection1

• Under balanced anesthesia, the time to recovery to 25% of control (clinical duration) is approximately 25 to 40 minutes after injection and recovery is usually 95% complete approximately 45 to 65 minutes after injection of intubating dose. (nih.gov)

Rats1

• On the basis of pharmacokinetic results obtained in rats and mice exposed to chloroform by inhalation, and of enzymatic studies in human tissues in vitro , in vivo metabolic rate constants (VmaxC = 15.7 mg/hour/kg, Km = 0.448 mg/L) were defined for humans (Corley et al. (cdc.gov)

Surgery2

• The anesthetist needs to make use of adequate types, appropriate amounts of agents and the accurate anesthesia method, which will promote the surgery to be successful, safe, and efficient. (wikipedia.org)
• Associate Professor of Anesthesia, IV Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital. (silverchair.com)

Clinical1

• Drugs are selected to offer secure and green anesthesia primarily based totally at the sort of system and affected person traits including organ function, clinical conditions, and concurrent medications. (yourzdoctor.com)

Stable1

• In other words, it is an anesthesia method to maintain stable vital signs. (wikipedia.org)

General1

• General anesthesia is a reversible nation of valuable fearful system (CNS) depression, inflicting lack of reaction to and belief of stimuli. (yourzdoctor.com)

Relaxation1

• Because halothane may not produce sufficient muscle relaxation, supplemental neuromuscular blocking agents may be required. (curehunter.com)

Produce1

• The ED 90 (dose required to produce 90% suppression of the muscle twitch response with balanced anesthesia) has averaged 0.057 mg/kg (0.049 to 0.062 mg/kg in various studies). (nih.gov)

Expand1

• Hypotension might also additionally expand at some point of anesthesia, ensuing in decreased perfusion strain and ischemic harm to tissues. (yourzdoctor.com)

Recovery to 252

• Under balanced anesthesia, the time to recovery to 25% of control (clinical duration) is approximately 25 to 40 minutes after injection and recovery is usually 95% complete approximately 45 to 65 minutes after injection of intubating dose. (nih.gov)
• Under balanced anesthesia, recovery to 25% of control is achieved approximately 35 to 45 minutes after injection, and recovery is usually 95% complete approximately 60 to 70 minutes after injection. (nih.gov)

Regional anesthesia2

• In case of accidental penetration of bupivacaine into the bloodstream, acute systemic toxic reactions may develop, therefore, the drug is not used for intravenous regional anesthesia (Beer blockade). (abchealthonline.com)
• This review will be looking specifically at the effects of regional anesthesia (RA) compared to general anesthesia (GA) with intravenous and volatile reagents, and the impacts of both of them on altering the surgical stress response, postoperative organ function and cancer progression [1]. (medcraveonline.com)

Intravenous1

• However, compare to the doses used for TIVA(Total intravenous anesthesia), which is always lower than using the single anesthetics. (wikipedia.org)

Postoperative2

• In this study we aimed at investigating the effect of dexmedetomidine anesthesia on postoperative cognitive function (POCD) in pulmonary surgery. (researchsquare.com)
• POCD is caused by postoperative neurological disorders due to various factors, including cerebral hypoxia or the side-effects of anesthesia as one of the most important pathophysiological mechanism. (researchsquare.com)

Anesthetic4

• Aamri E, Basnawi A (2017) Effects of Anesthesia & Anesthetic techniques on Cellular Immunity. (medcraveonline.com)
• An increasing body of evidence shows that the choice of anesthetic can strongly influence more than just the quality of anesthesia. (medcraveonline.com)
• Balanced anesthesia is an anesthetic method for surgical patients during their operation, which was proposed by John Lundy in 1926. (wikipedia.org)
• The purpose of balanced anesthesia is not only to be less dangerous than using only one drug to make patients general anesthesia but also to minimise the potential adverse side effects which may cause by the anesthetic agents. (wikipedia.org)

Neuromuscular2

• The neuromuscular blocking action of vecuronium is slightly enhanced in the presence of potent inhalation anesthetics. (nih.gov)
• Recovery from neuromuscular block (under balanced anesthesia) can be expected to begin approximately 20 to 35 minutes after injection. (nih.gov)

Duration1

• Halothane anesthesia increases the clinical duration of the maintenance dose only slightly. (nih.gov)

Cerebral2

• Greater cerebral metabolic suppression may increase the brain's tolerance to ischemia. (silverchair.com)
• The regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO 2 ) was monitored continuously by near-infrared spectroscopy before anesthesia. (researchsquare.com)

Inflammation1

• The results demonstrate that inhaled carbon monoxide significantly reduces CPB-induced inflammation via suppression of tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin-1beta expression and elevation of interleukin 10. (asahq.org)

Arterial1

• Previous studies examining the magnitude of metabolic suppression afforded by profound hypothermia suggest that the greater arterial carbon dioxide tension of pH-stat management may increase metabolic suppression when compared with alpha-stat management. (silverchair.com)

Dose3

• The ED90 (dose required to produce 90% suppression of the muscle twitch response with balanced anesthesia) has averaged 0.057 mg/kg (0.049 to 0.062 mg/kg in various studies). (nih.gov)
• Under enflurane a maintenance dose of 0.01 mg/kg is approximately equal to 0.015 mg/kg dose under balanced anesthesia. (nih.gov)
• The ED 95 (dose required to produce 95% suppression of the muscle twitch response with balanced anesthesia) has averaged 0.23 mg/kg (0.11 to 0.26 mg/kg in various studies). (nih.gov)

Minutes1

• The recovery index (time from 25% to 75% recovery) is approximately 15 to 25 minutes under balanced or halothane anesthesia. (nih.gov)

Words2

• Key words: Anesthesia: cardiovascular. (silverchair.com)
• In other words, it is an anesthesia method to maintain stable vital signs. (wikipedia.org)

Factors1

• There are numerous factors that come in play when the anesthetist decides to use this method of anesthesia. (wikipedia.org)

Studies1

• On the basis of pharmacokinetic results obtained in rats and mice exposed to chloroform by inhalation, and of enzymatic studies in human tissues in vitro , in vivo metabolic rate constants (VmaxC = 15.7 mg/hour/kg, Km = 0.448 mg/L) were defined for humans (Corley et al. (cdc.gov)