AnatomyDiseasesAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment
Lymph NodesLymphLymph Node ExcisionLymphatic MetastasisSentinel Lymph Node BiopsyAxillaNeoplasm StagingTuberculosis, Lymph NodeLymphatic DiseasesMesentery
DissectionVesselsAxillaryIliacMediastinal lymph nodesMetastasisSpleenBiopsyLocal lymph node assayParotidCervical lymphOrgansMalignantPeripheralTravel through the lymphMetastasesExcisionSwollen lymphLymphocytesNeckLymphadenopathyPalpableSubcutaneousLesionPrognosisPower DopplerSubmandibularFasciaSoft tissueBladder cancerVeinProliferativeInvolvementEnlargementSquamousAdenopathyLumbarDeepTissuesThyroid cancerStimulationProliferationCutaneousEsophagusCancersLymphomaAnteriorExaminationCancerFound
Dissection9
  • 4 patients from group B had positive SLN (11.1%) and underwent Completion Lymph Node Dissection (CLND). (scirp.org)
  • In 1906, Crile was the first person to describe radical neck dissection, which encompasses the surgical removal of neck metastases contained between superficial and deep fascial layers of the neck. (medscape.com)
  • Postoperative morbidity and accurate nodal staging are heavily influenced by the extent of lymph node dissection. (frontiersin.org)
  • On one hand, insufficient lymphadenectomy may result in understaging and undertreatment of a patient, on the other hand, unnecessary lymph node dissection may result in a higher rate of postoperative complications. (frontiersin.org)
  • Approximately one-third of patients with gastric cancer undergoes an avoidable lymph node dissection. (frontiersin.org)
  • The incision was marked in a position which could be included in a reexcision if a superficial or deep groin dissection were subsequently necessary. (vesalius.com)
  • Early-stage vulvar cancer is primarily treated surgically, with radical local excision with ipsilateral or bilateral inguinal and femoral lymph node dissection. (medscape.com)
  • the investigators suggested that adjuvant treatment or completion inguinofemoral lymph node dissection be performed for such sentinel lymph nodes. (medscape.com)
  • Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is no longer needed if the SLN is normal ( 1 ). (iiarjournals.org)
Vessels12
  • Blood and lymph vessels. (oncolink.org)
  • with little effect on the health of the animal, or in more severe cases, the enlarged limb together with the corded lymphatic vessels and swollen lymph nodes and loss of condition should leave little doubt as to the cause. (infonet-biovision.org)
  • The human lymphatic system generally includes superficial or primary lymphatic vessels that form a complex dermal network of capillary-like channels. (oncolink.org)
  • Secondary lymphatic vessels run parallel to the superficial veins and drain into deeper lymphatic vessels located in the subcutaneous fat adjacent to the fascia. (oncolink.org)
  • Anatomy of the lymph system showing the lymph vessels and lymph organs, including the lymph nodes, tonsils, thymus, spleen, and bone marrow. (oncolink.org)
  • Lymph (clear fluid) and lymphocytes travel through the lymph vessels and into the lymph nodes where the lymphocytes destroy harmful substances. (oncolink.org)
  • The target lymph vessels were chosen as they are easily accessible from the skin, and long-term observation is possible with intact physiological conditions due to a minimal surgical procedure. (who.int)
  • AB solution was injected into the inguinal lymph node and the target lymph vessels were located along the superficial epigastric vessels. (who.int)
  • This newly developed procedure can be used for further study on various dynamic processes of PVS in lymph vessels. (who.int)
  • On power Doppler sonograms, the nodes show prominent intranodal vessels with a hilar pattern and low intranodal resistance. (ajnr.org)
  • The lymph vessels of the cranial part of the ureter drain to the lumbar aortic lymph nodes, those of the middle part drain to the medial iliac lymph node, and those of the caudal part drain to the hypogastric lymph nodes. (usask.ca)
  • The lymph vessels of the caudal part of the ureter merge into 1 to 2 vessels which accompany the ureter until it nears the urinary bladder before running in the lateral ligament of the urinary bladder and entering the hypogastric lymph nodes. (usask.ca)
Axillary4
  • No palpable cervical or axillary lymph nodes were found. (thieme-connect.de)
  • Cell proliferation in proper axillary and renal nodes, as well as in the spleen was also assessed. (cdc.gov)
  • Dosing the left ear with 0.02% oxazolone (OX) on unrestrained animals resulted in marked cell proliferation in its draining lymph node (stimulation index, SI = 12.8) and in the lymph node draining the contra-lateral vehicle-dosed ear (SI = 6), as well as the proper axillary lymph nodes (SI = 3.3). (cdc.gov)
  • Peripheral lymph nodes in its draining lymph node (stimulation index, SI = 12.8) and in the lymph node draining the contra-lateral vehicle-dosed ear (SI = 6), as well as the proper axillary lymph nodes (SI = 3.3). (cdc.gov)
Iliac1
  • At slaughter, fecal swabs and both sub‐iliac lymph nodes were collected from the naïve cattle and an equal number of cohorts (Figure 2). (beefresearch.org)
Mediastinal lymph nodes1
  • Involvement of the esophagus is most commonly the result of contiguous spread from the proximal stomach, adjacent mediastinal lymph nodes, or cervical lymph nodes. (medscape.com)
Metastasis6
  • Lymph node (LN) metastasis reduces the survival rate of patients with SCC by half. (medscape.com)
  • The selected node groups represent the areas of high risk for early metastasis, depending on primary tumor location. (medscape.com)
  • In the cases with lymph node metastasis, adjuvant radiation therapy was also given. (nih.gov)
  • Lymphatic invasion was observed in 3 cases, two of them had pelvic lymph node metastasis. (nih.gov)
  • Presence of lymphatic invasion and deep stromal involvement appeared to be the risk factors for lymph node metastasis of well-differentiated villoglandular adenocarcinoma. (nih.gov)
  • As lymph node (LN) metastasis is one of the most important prognostic factors for survival, the assessment of regional LN is essential in the staging of breast cancer, ascertaining a prognosis, and determining optimal adjuvant treatments. (iiarjournals.org)
Spleen2
  • Increased cell proliferation in spleen and lymph nodes peripheral to contact allergen application site. (cdc.gov)
  • It is concluded that dermal application of a contact allergen, as exemplified by OX and HCA, may induce cell proliferation in the neighboring lymph nodes and spleen indicative of hapten and/or haptenated proteins diffusing through the skin to peripheral nodes and the blood to produce systemic sensitization. (cdc.gov)
Biopsy6
  • Introduction: The Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB) in melanoma is an important tool of staging. (scirp.org)
  • The concept of sentinel node biopsy and utilization of the Maruyama Computer Program are significant components of stage-adapted gastric cancer surgery. (frontiersin.org)
  • A combination of conservative surgery and careful patient selection for nodal radiotherapy may reduce the incidence of postmastectomy lymphedema ( 8 ), particularly when these therapies are combined with sentinel node biopsy, but their impact on the incidence of postsurgical lymphatic insufficiency has not yet been adequately assessed. (snmjournals.org)
  • A cervical lymph node biopsy was performed, and granulomatous adenitis was diagnosed. (sld.cu)
  • A fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the node suggested Kimura disease, which was confirmed by an excision biopsy of the right submandibular node. (ajnr.org)
  • A sonographically guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the parotid mass and the lymph node suggested a lymphoproliferative lesion. (ajnr.org)
Local lymph node assay1
  • The local lymph node assay (LLNA) is widely used to identify chemicals that are contact sensitizers. (cdc.gov)
Parotid7
  • The superficial parotid lymph nodes are a group of lymph nodes anterior to the ear. (wikipedia.org)
  • Nodes are present in the submental and submandibular regions, within the parotid gland, and in the upper cervical chain. (ajnr.org)
  • Transverse gray scale sonogram shows an ill-defined, hypoechoic, heterogeneous nodule with cystic areas within ( arrows ) in the superficial lobe of the parotid gland ( arrowheads ). (ajnr.org)
  • A high-resolution sonographic examination (5-12 MHz, ATL HDI 5000) showed unilateral multiple round hypoechoic nodes with sharp borders in the right parotid gland. (ajnr.org)
  • In view of a parotid nodule and multiple enlarged associated nodes, a suspicion of a malignant parotid lesion was raised. (ajnr.org)
  • The assay involves dosing mice with the chemical on both ears and pooling the superficial parotid lymph nodes for assessment of lymphocyte proliferation as a marker of sensitization. (cdc.gov)
  • Thus the contra-lateral draining superficial parotid node cannot be used as a control for application of contact allergen to a single ear in a modified LLNA. (cdc.gov)
Cervical lymph1
  • Another site of involvement, the proximal esophagus, may represent extension from adjacent cervical lymph nodes. (medscape.com)
Organs4
  • may be used if squamous cell cancer has spread to organs or lymph nodes or if the cancer cannot be treated with surgery. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Lymph nodes are lymphoid organs in which the immune response develops. (scirp.org)
  • Medullary cancer (193) develops from the thyroid's C cells and is more aggressive, harder to treat, and may spread to the lymph nodes or other organs. (fortherecordmag.com)
  • It can spread quickly to the lymph nodes and trachea and sometimes to other organs or bones. (fortherecordmag.com)
Malignant5
  • Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is an uncommon, painless, slow-growth, superficial soft tissue malignant sarcoma corresponding to less than 0.1% of all malignancies. (thieme-connect.de)
  • Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare superficial and uncommon low-grade soft tissue malignant sarcoma that is locally invasive and often characterized as a keloid sarcoma. (thieme-connect.de)
  • Primary malignant neoplasms of lymph nodes or glands are classified to categories 200 to 202. (fortherecordmag.com)
  • On power Doppler sonograms, normal nodes show hilar vascularity ( Fig 1 ) and malignant nodes have a more variable appearance. (ajnr.org)
  • Malignant lymph nodes: Pathologically enlarged and measurable lymph nodes must be = 15 mm in short axis on CT scan (CT scan slice thickness recommended to be no greater than 5 mm). (who.int)
Peripheral1
  • The site of origin in the 'pus' group was not specified and probably comprised peripheral lymph nodes, superficial skin and soft tissue and deep organ abscesses, and empyema. (scielo.org.za)
Travel through the lymph1
  • The protein-dye complex has a vivid affinity for lymphatics, with a particle size small enough to travel through the lymph vessel, but sufficiently large to be trapped in the SLN. (iiarjournals.org)
Metastases2
  • However, lymph node metastases of this tumor have been described in few reports. (nih.gov)
  • p-ERK expression was much lower in lymph node metastases (48.5%), suggesting that the microenvironment may influence the activation of ERK. (bmj.com)
Excision3
  • The excision of lymph nodes around the thyroid (cervical region) defaults to code 40.21, Excision of deep cervical lymph node. (fortherecordmag.com)
  • However, if the physician states that the lymph node is superficial, assign code 40.29, Simple excision of lymphatic structure. (fortherecordmag.com)
  • The diagnosis of Kimura disease was made after excision of the mass and the node. (ajnr.org)
Swollen lymph1
  • However, a patient may experience a lump just below the Adam's apple, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing or breathing, swollen lymph nodes in the neck, pain in the throat or neck, or hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism symptoms if the cancer grows. (fortherecordmag.com)
Lymphocytes3
  • The filtering process also presents antigens to the lymphocytes contained within the nodes. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The immune response from these lymphocytes involves cellular proliferation, which can cause the nodes to enlarge ( reactive lymphadenopathy ). (msdmanuals.com)
  • They can skin and can extend to the bone marrow, simulate benign skin disorders, making them blood lymphocytes, lymph nodes, and a diagnostic challenge for dermatologists1,2. (bvsalud.org)
Neck2
  • Small adjacent nodes were palpated in the neck. (ajnr.org)
  • Examination of the head and neck regions revealed enlarged superficial cervical and submandibular lymph nodes. (rdhmag.com)
Lymphadenopathy1
Palpable1
  • 1 cm) nodes often are palpable in those areas in healthy people. (msdmanuals.com)
Subcutaneous1
  • CT examination revealed well-defined, superficial masses with subcutaneous fat tissue infiltration. (thieme-connect.de)
Lesion1
  • Both inactivated and live-attenuated chimeric PCV1-2b vaccines induced a robust antibody responses, and significantly decreased microscopic lesion and lower viral loads in serum or superficial inguinal lymph nodes (SILN) compared with that in the nonvaccinated challenged group. (biomedcentral.com)
Prognosis1
  • Prognosis depends on the pathological status of the inguinal lymph nodes and whether spread to adjacent structures has occurred. (cancer.gov)
Power Doppler2
  • Power Doppler sonogram of a normal lymph node shows hilar vascularity. (ajnr.org)
  • Power Doppler sonogram of a lymph node with Kimura disease shows hilar ( arrow ) and capsular ( arrowheads ) vascularity. (ajnr.org)
Submandibular1
  • Bothell, WA) showed unilateral, multiple, round, hypoechoic nodes with sharp borders in the submental and submandibular regions and along the upper cervical chains on the right. (ajnr.org)
Fascia1
  • The first blue node was identified deep to the superficial fascia of the thigh. (vesalius.com)
Soft tissue1
  • It accounts for only 0.8 to 1% of all cancers and represents 1 to 1.8% of superficial soft tissue sarcomas. (thieme-connect.de)
Bladder cancer1
  • Smoking cessation is key to lessening the risk of relapse, especially in superficial bladder cancer. (emedicinehealth.com)
Vein1
Proliferative1
  • Increased proliferative activity was observed in contra-lateral draining lymph nodes of restrained mice demonstrating that these results cannot be attributed to cross-contamination of adjacent skin. (cdc.gov)
Involvement1
  • Lymphomas arising in the middle third of the esophagus may be secondary to mediastinal lymph node enlargement with involvement of the esophagus. (medscape.com)
Enlargement1
Squamous1
  • Medicines: Skin creams containing imiquimod or 5-fluorouracil for superficial squamous cell cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
Adenopathy2
  • INTRODUCTION: An adenopathy is a pathological hypertrophy of a lymph node of various etiologies requiring a rigorous approach. (scirp.org)
  • SS and mycosis fungoides are closely derma, superficial adenopathy, and atyp- related entities, with mycosis fungoides ical cells in the blood1. (bvsalud.org)
Lumbar1
  • Lymph drains from the lower limbs into the lumbar lymphatic trunk. (oncolink.org)
Deep4
  • How close it is to the surface of the skin (superficial or deep). (oncolink.org)
  • This is used for small and superficial (not very deep) cancers. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The superficial and deep lymphatic systems probably function independently, except in abnormal states, although there is evidence that they communicate near lymph nodes. (oncolink.org)
  • Lymph nodes are present throughout the body and may be superficial or deep. (msdmanuals.com)
Tissues2
Thyroid cancer1
Stimulation1
  • Similar stimulation of cells was observed in the lymph node draining the ear contra-lateral to the 30% hexylcinnamaldehyde (HCA)-dosed ear. (cdc.gov)
Proliferation1
  • Received in revised form 15 December 2008 nodes for assessment of lymphocyte proliferation as a marker of sensitization. (cdc.gov)
Cutaneous1
  • Recent cutaneous injuries (particularly cat scratches and rat bites) and infections in the area drained by affected nodes are noted. (msdmanuals.com)
Esophagus2
  • Stage I. This cancer occurs in the superficial layers of cells lining your esophagus. (rxwiki.com)
  • The cancer has invaded deeper layers of your esophagus lining and may have spread to nearby lymph nodes. (rxwiki.com)
Cancers1
  • Treatment using light may be used to treat superficial cancers. (medlineplus.gov)
Lymphoma1
Anterior1
  • The main goal of this procedure was to remove, en bloc, all ipsilateral lymphatic structures from the mandible superiorly to the clavicle inferiorly and from the strap muscles to the anterior border of the trapezius. (medscape.com)
Examination1
  • physical examination revealed low intercostals retraction, superficial polypnea, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. (sld.cu)
Cancer5
  • If the lymph nodes have cancer in them. (oncolink.org)
  • Lymph nodes are removed to test them for cancer. (oncolink.org)
  • Although it is more aggressive than papillary cancer, it does not spread to the lymph nodes but may metastasize to the lungs and bones. (fortherecordmag.com)
  • Purpose: The aim of this prospective study was to analyze the safety of methylene blue dye (MBD) and compare its efficacy with that of isotopic mapping for sentinel lymph node (SLN) identification in breast cancer. (iiarjournals.org)
  • and cancer cells may lodge in and proliferate in the nodes. (msdmanuals.com)
Found1