Superfamily of integral membrane transport proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

2009 proposed the name energy-coupling factor transporters for the new class of putative ABC membrane transporters. (tcdb.org)
The yeast metal resistance proteins, which are 850-900 amino acyl residues in length, also exhibit two or three putative TMSs. (tcdb.org)

Therefore, nutrient transport through the plasma membrane is essential to maintain homeostasis within the cell. (embl-hamburg.de)
A breakthrough for the identification of the proteome of the presynaptic active zone was the successful employment of antibodies directed against a cytosolic epitope of membrane integral synaptic vesicle proteins for the immunopurification of synaptic vesicles docked to the presynaptic plasma membrane. (mdpi.com)
Integral membrane proteins are permanently embedded within the plasma membrane. (shadowebike.com)
A transport protein in the plasma membrane of a plant or animal cell that specifically facilitates the diffusion of water across the membrane (osmosis) concentration gradient. (shadowebike.com)
Proteins embedded within the phospholipid bilayer carry out the specific functions of the plasma membrane, including selective transport of molecules and cell-cell recognition. (shadowebike.com)
What are the two types of proteins embedded in lipid bilayer of plasma membrane? (shadowebike.com)

The tripartite TLRs are type I integral transmembrane receptors that are involved in recognition and conveying of pathogens to the immune system. (tcdb.org)
Here, we review current knowledge how proteases act on platelet receptors and the platelet membrane surface. (frontiersin.org)
The three main types of proteins embedded in the cell membrane are receptors, channels and markers. (shadowebike.com)
Cell membranes are highly enriched in signaling receptors, transmembrane mechanosensors, pumps and channels, and, depending on their makeup, can recruit and retain a pool of mechanosensors important in the field of mechanobiology. (mechanobio.info)
If there encodes a generation between active cardiomyocytes or cells also this investment can make maintain the most catalytic membrane for receptors with family. (erik-mill.de)
Included under this heading are signaling receptors, non-signaling receptors and accessory proteins required for receptor signaling. (edu.au)
Many members of this class of receptors occur in the cytoplasm and are transported to the CELL NUCLEUS upon ligand-binding where they signal via DNA-binding and transcription regulation. (edu.au)
The receptors belong to a superfamily that share a common CYSTEINE loop. (bvsalud.org)

Upon prolonged high intracellular rises in Ca 2+ , platelets develop a procoagulant phenotype that is characterized by the surface membrane exposure of phosphatidylserine and by the inactivation of integrin α IIb β 3 (procoagulant platelet population) ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
Combining immunopurification and subsequent analytical mass spectrometry, hundreds of proteins, including synaptic vesicle proteins, components of the presynaptic fusion and retrieval machinery, proteins involved in intracellular and extracellular signaling and a large variety of adhesion molecules, were identified. (mdpi.com)
Inhibition of R-Ras/R-Ras2 and ROCK1 signaling also triggered the accumulation of abnormal intracellular vesicles, indicating that these signaling molecules regulate the movement of proteins and other molecules in the cellular interior. (biomedcentral.com)
Cargo that can be delivered or by cytoskeleton-dependent intracellular transport mechanisms can include other proteins and complex components. (mechanobio.info)
Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. (lookformedical.com)
Cell surface proteins that bind gastrointestinal hormones with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells. (edu.au)

Structural and functional analyses of MFS transporters suggest an alternating-access mechanism for the transport of substrates across the membrane. (embl-hamburg.de)
It belongs to the large family of ABC transporters, which include thousands of ATP-powered pumps translocating different substrates across the membrane ( Molday, 2015 ). (elifesciences.org)

Moreover, modulation of the proteins involved in cellular metal homeostasis may help in the regulation of metabolism, adaptability to a diverse range of environmental conditions, and biofortification. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we review progress in the understanding of different subcellular metal transport components in plants and discuss the prospects of regulating cellular metabolism and strategies to develop biofortified crop plants. (frontiersin.org)
Fe participates in cellular respiration, synthesis, and stabilization of chlorophyll, photosynthetic electron transport, and various other metabolic functions ( Grotz and Guerinot, 2006 ). (frontiersin.org)
In fact, proteins account for roughly half the mass of most cellular membranes. (shadowebike.com)
Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) take many shapes, have many effects and are necessary for cellular homeostasis. (biologists.com)
This Review summarizes the more recent biochemical, cellular and mouse model studies that underscore the importance of the ER acetylation process in maintaining protein homeostasis and autophagy within the secretory pathway, and its impact on developmental and age-associated diseases. (biologists.com)
Mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics identified thirteen protein networks distinctly regulated by DN R-Ras, including multiple networks regulating cellular movement and morphology. (biomedcentral.com)
We have previously shown that three related Ras proteins (the classic Ras proteins) are highly activated in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) cells with neurofibromin loss and that they drive cancer cell proliferation and survival by activating multiple cellular signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
Closer study of an R-Ras regulated pathway containing the signaling protein ROCK1 showed that inhibition of either R-Ras, R-Ras2 or ROCK1 similarly impaired cellular migration and invasion and altered cellular morphology. (biomedcentral.com)
The cytoskeleton is a highly dynamic network of filamentous proteins that enables the active transport of cellular cargo, transduces force, and when assembled into higher-order structures, forms the basis for motile cellular structures that promote cell movement. (mechanobio.info)
Another distinctive feature of a cellular structure regarded as an "organelle" is when it has a biological membrane that compartmentalizes its contents. (biologyonline.com)

BioMNY-mediated biotin uptake was severely impaired by replacement of the Walker A lysine residue of BioM, demonstrating dependency of high-affinity transport on a functional ATPase. (tcdb.org)
In fact, our studies indicated that all uptake porters of the ABC superfamily are of the ABC2 type. (tcdb.org)
2010 ) suggested that Shr is the prototype of a new group of NEAT composite proteins involved in haem uptake found in Pyogenic streptococci and Clostridium novyi . (tcdb.org)
Proton-coupled oligopeptide transporters of the PepT family (also known as the POT family) are responsible for the uptake of a range of different di- and tripeptides, derived from the digestion of dietary proteins, and are highly conserved in all kingdoms of life. (embl-hamburg.de)
High-affinity zinc uptake system membrane protein ZnuB. (ntu.edu.sg)

Collectively, they transport and regulate levels of physiological substrates such as lipids, porphyrins, and sterols [7], and are widely expressed in the placenta, blood-brain barrier (BBB), intestines, livers, and kidneys to restrict the bioavailability of administered drugs [8, 9]. (cp-456773inhibitor.com)
In addition to lipids, membranes are loaded with proteins. (shadowebike.com)
Oxidative stress can denature lipids and proteins [ 10 , 12 - 14 ], as well as induce DNA and RNA fragmentation [ 15 - 17 ], leading to cell dysfunction, injury, and death. (hindawi.com)

Cell membranes compartmentalise metabolic processes and serve as selective barriers for permeation. (embl-hamburg.de)
The primary function of most aquaporins is to transport water across cell membranes in response to osmotic gradients created by active solute transport. (shadowebike.com)
ABC transporters use ATP to transport a variety of different substrates across cell membranes, most commonly out of the cell. (fabulousfrocksofatlanta.com)

Possibly, these two transmembrane proteins comprise the pathway for transmembrane transport. (tcdb.org)
Site-specific mutagenesis studies of three conserved residues in TMS 3 suggest that they contribute to the Mg 2+ transport pathway. (tcdb.org)
By forming a continuous protein pathway across the membrane, these proteins enable specific hydrophilic solutes to cross the membrane without coming into direct contact with the hydrophobic interior of the lipid bilayer. (shadowebike.com)
for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway. (lookformedical.com)

ABCB5 belongs to the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily of integral membrane proteins. (utsouthwestern.edu)
ABC transporters belong to the ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) superfamily, which uses the hydrolysis of ATP to energise diverse biological systems. (embl.de)
However, one critical mechanism of MDR is related to ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, which are located on the membrane of cancer cells [3]. (cp-456773inhibitor.com)
metal cation ABC superfamily ATP binding cassette. (ntu.edu.sg)
ABCA4, also known as the Rim protein or ABCR, is an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter essential to vision. (elifesciences.org)
The ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC transporters) are a transport system superfamily that is one of the largest and possibly one of the oldest gene families. (fabulousfrocksofatlanta.com)
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are a large superfamily of membrane proteins with diverse functions (Holland et al. (fabulousfrocksofatlanta.com)
Primary transporters include the rotary motor ATPases (F-, A-, and V-ATPases), P-type ATPases and a large family of integral membrane proteins referred to as "ABC" (ATP binding cassette) transporters. (fabulousfrocksofatlanta.com)

The hemolytic Group A Streptococcus (GAS) possesses the Shr protein which as noted above, participates in iron acquisition by obtaining heme from host hemoglobin and delivering it to the adjacent receptor on the surface, Shp. (tcdb.org)
The deduced amino acid sequence of LYVE-1 predicts a 322-residue type I integral membrane polypeptide 41% similar to the CD44 HA receptor with a 212-residue extracellular domain containing a single Link module the prototypic HA binding domain of the Link protein superfamily. (ox.ac.uk)

There are three major classes of membrane lipid molecules-phospholipids, cholesterol, and glycolipids. (shadowebike.com)
The lipid compositions of the inner and outer monolayers are different, reflecting the different functions of the two faces of a cell membrane. (shadowebike.com)
Some (more…) Many integral membrane proteins (called transmembrane proteins) span the lipid bilayer, with portions exposed on both sides of the membrane. (shadowebike.com)

Many proton-coupled secondary active transporters of the major facilitator superfamily (MFS) are involved in the accumulation of nutrients above extracellular levels. (embl-hamburg.de)
Proteins are the second major component of plasma membranes. (shadowebike.com)
Carrier proteins and channel proteins are the two major classes of membrane transport proteins. (shadowebike.com)
Proton-coupled oligopeptide transporters belong to the major facilitator superfamily (MFS) of membrane transporters. (philipwfowler.me)

2009 identified 21 families of these substrate capture proteins, each with a different specificity predicted by genome context analyses. (tcdb.org)
The yeast proteins appear to exhibit broad specificity transporting a wide range of di- and trivalent metal cations. (tcdb.org)

Biochemical assays revealed that the BioM, N, and Y proteins form stable complexes in membranes of the heterologous host. (tcdb.org)
Over the years we have developed and established new tools and a workflow for protein production and quality control of membrane proteins including functional assays. (embl-hamburg.de)
Using modeling, molecular dynamics, crystallography, functional assays, and site-directed spin labeling combined with double electron-electron resonance (DEER) spectroscopy, we present a detailed study of the transport dynamics of two bacterial oligopeptide transporters, PepTSo and PepTSt. (philipwfowler.me)

Group A Streptococcus (GAS), a β-haemolytic human pathogen, expresses a NEAT protein, Shr, which binds several haemoproteins and extracellular matrix (ECM) components. (tcdb.org)
In contrast, export systems are involved in the extrusion of noxious substances, the export of extracellular toxins and the targeting of membrane components. (embl.de)
In case of HIV-1 infection, the interaction with extracellular viral Tat protein seems to enhance angiogenesis in Kaposi's sarcoma lesions. (assaygenie.com)
They bind to extracellular signaling molecules that migrate through or are transported across the CELL MEMBRANE. (edu.au)

Families 2.A.88 and 2.A.87 which are part of a superfamily, and 3.A.1.26, are homologous but function as secondary versus primary active transporters, respectively. (tcdb.org)
When evidence suggests that homologous membrane transport proteins of the ABC2 type couple transport to ATP hydrolysis using a homologue of the ABC-type ATPases, we list these proteins in the ABC superfamily. (tcdb.org)
skeletal regions of other and Serotonergic students are typical in download Common knowledge homologous proteins into activation component. (erik-mill.de)

Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha subunit and a beta subunit that function in cell surface adhesion and signaling. (assaygenie.com)

Sigma-54 interaction domain, Bacterial regulatory protein, Propionate catabolism activator [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
LysR substrate binding domain, Bacterial regulatory helix-turn-helix protein [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
What are ABC transporters that are found in bacterial membranes? (fabulousfrocksofatlanta.com)

In this respect, and also with respect to topology, MIT family members resemble channel proteins. (tcdb.org)
Our results identify several salt bridges that stabilize outward-facing conformations and we show that, for all the current structures of MFS transporters, the first two helices of each of the four inverted-topology repeat units form half of either the periplasmic or cytoplasmic gate and that these function cooperatively in a scissor-like motion to control access to the peptide binding site during transport. (philipwfowler.me)

This subfamily includes lantibiotic ABC transporter permease subunits EpiE, MutE, SlvE and NisE, which are highly hydrophobic, integral membrane proteins, and part of the bacitracin ABC transport system that confers resistance to the Gram-positive bacteria in which this system operates, specifically to the lantibiotics mutacin, epidermin, nisin and salivaricin, respectively. (nih.gov)
manganese ABC transporter, permease protein [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
iron (chelated) ABC transporter permease protein. (ntu.edu.sg)

The average sizes of the members of the two families belonging to the Holin superfamily VI are 135 ± 11 and 130 ± 26 amino acyl residues (aas), respectively. (wikipedia.org)
The CorA proteins of E. coli and S. typhimurium are each 316 amino acyl residues in length. (tcdb.org)

A membrane protein is a protein molecule that is attached to, or associated with, the membrane of a cell or an organelle. (shadowebike.com)
When ribosomes are seen attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, it means a protein molecule is being synthesized. (biologyonline.com)
Secondary (indirect) active transport - Involves coupling the molecule with another moving along an electrochemical gradient. (fabulousfrocksofatlanta.com)

HAMP domain, Tar ligand binding domain homologue, Methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein (MCP) signalling domain [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)

Aquaporins are membrane-channel proteins that are present at all levels of life, from bacteria to mammals. (shadowebike.com)

Overexpression of the yeast proteins, Al R 1p and Mn R 2p, overcomes toxicity to aluminum and manganese, respectively. (tcdb.org)

These proteins appear to have one N-terminal transmembrane segment (TMS), followed by an amphipathic, weakly hydrophobic peak that was not predicted to be transmembrane by the topological programs used by Reddy and Saier (2013). (wikipedia.org)
Integral membrane proteins are embedded in the membrane, usually via α-helical regions of 20 to 25 hydrophobic amino acids. (shadowebike.com)

1] "Lactose transport system of Streptococcus thermophilus: a hybrid protein with homology to the melibiose carrier and enzyme III of phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase systems. (tcdb.org)

Aquaporins are found in a high concentration in the epithelial cells that produce aqueous humor (as well as other epithelial cells that allow water to move readily across their membrane, e.g., epithelial cells in the kidney). (shadowebike.com)
residues bind Unsynapsed subsequent download Common knowledge co-transports, bind activated to epithelial cells, and express studied the noise to also also act for themselves, but be as a adenyl signaling the mitochondrial mouse. (erik-mill.de)

The crystal structure of the CorA homologue from Thermotoga maritima has been solved at 3.9 Å resolution for the full-length protein and at 1.85 Å resolution for the cytoplasmic domain ( Lunin et al . (tcdb.org)
Two negatively charged helices in the cytoplasmic domain extend back towards the membrane on the outside of the funnel and abut the ring of positive charge. (tcdb.org)
We examined the activation of cytoplasmic signaling pathways in the presence and absence of R-Ras signaling and found that R-Ras proteins regulated 13 signaling pathways distinct from those regulated by classic Ras proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
1) membrane-bound organelles (included are double-membraned and single-membraned cytoplasmic structures). (biologyonline.com)

Only the S subunit is required for transport as a secondary porter. (tcdb.org)
the EpiE permease subunit transports epidermin to the surface and expels it from the membrane. (nih.gov)

ATP-hydrolysis enables ABCA4 to transport all- trans retinal and 11- cis retinal from the disc lumen into cytosol. (elifesciences.org)
ATP hydrolysis) to mediate transport. (fabulousfrocksofatlanta.com)

inactive c-di-GMP phosphodiesterase-like EAL domain protein [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)

Signal sequence and keyword trap in silico for selection of full-length human cDNAs encoding secretion or membrane proteins from oligo-capped cDNA libraries. (nih.gov)

These membrane proteins are homologues to ABC-2 exporters. (tcdb.org)
The greatest degree of conservation between homologues is found in TMSs 1 and 2 of the Thermotoga maritima protein. (tcdb.org)
The archaeal CorA protein is functionally similar to the CorA homologues of enteric bacteria. (tcdb.org)

Neurofibromin loss potentially hyperactivates classic Ras (H-Ras, N-Ras, K-Ras), M-Ras, and R-Ras (R-Ras, R-Ras2/TC21) subfamily proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
Cells were transfected with doxycycline-inducible vectors expressing either a pan-inhibitor of the R-Ras subfamily [dominant negative (DN) R-Ras] or enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP). (biomedcentral.com)

Highly conserved acidic residues found in the short periplasmic loop are not essential for CorA function or Mg 2+ selectivity but may be required for proper protein folding and stability. (tcdb.org)

2023 ). (1) the BioMNY complex with ATPase (BioM) and transmembrane protein (BioN). (tcdb.org)

Absence of extracytoplasmic solute-binding proteins among the members of this group, however, is a distinctive feature. (tcdb.org)
Prokaryotic importers require additional extracytoplasmic binding proteins (one or more per systems) for function. (embl.de)

Characterisation of pro- and eukaryotic nutrient transporters in various states of the transport cycle using X-ray crystallography and/or cryo-EM to decipher a common transport mechanism of MFS transporters. (embl-hamburg.de)
ABCA4 is a eukaryotic importer transporting retinal to the cytosol to enter the visual cycle. (elifesciences.org)

chlorate resistance protein [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)

protein_coding" "AAC74155","flgM","Escherichia coli","anti-sigma factor for FliA (sigma 28) [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
protein_coding" "AAC74156","flgA","Escherichia coli","assembly protein for flagellar basal-body periplasmic P ring [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
protein_coding" "AAC74157","flgB","Escherichia coli","flagellar component of cell-proximal portion of basal-body rod [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
protein_coding" "AAC74158","flgC","Escherichia coli","flagellar component of cell-proximal portion of basal-body rod [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
protein_coding" "AAC74163","flgH","Escherichia coli","flagellar protein of basal-body outer-membrane L ring [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
Manganese ABC transporter, inner membrane permease protein SitD [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)
RNA-binding protein Hfq [Ensembl]. (ntu.edu.sg)

ABC transporters are primary active transporters, which transport a wide range of substrates mainly to the outside of a cell membrane or organelle. (fabulousfrocksofatlanta.com)

Zinc ABC transporter, inner membrane permease protein. (ntu.edu.sg)

Some transporters have a conserved transmembrane protein and two nucleotide binding proteins similar to those of ABC transporters. (tcdb.org)

osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a semi-permeable membrane that separates two compartments of differing solute concentration. (shadowebike.com)

Predicted to be integral component of membrane. (nih.gov)
Binding-protein-dependent transport system inner membrane component [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)
Branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component [Interproscan]. (ntu.edu.sg)

Anatomy41

Organisms13

Chemicals and Drugs108

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment26

Phenomena and Processes64

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture5

Information Science4

Health Care2

Putative2

Plasma membrane6

Receptors8

Intracellular6

Substrates across the membrane2

Cellular11

Uptake5

Lipids3

Cell membranes3

Pathway4

Cassette8

Receptor2

Lipid3

Major4

Specificity2

Assays3

Extracellular4

Homologous3

Alpha subunit1

Bacterial3

Topology2

Transporter permease3

Amino acyl residues2

Molecule3

Chemotaxis1

Channel proteins1

Yeast1

Hydrophobic2

HOMOLOGY1

Epithelial cells2

Cytoplasmic4

Subunit2

Hydrolysis2

Domain protein1

Secretion1

Homologues3

Subfamily2

Highly conserved1

ATPase1

Extracytoplasmic2

Eukaryotic2

Resistance1

Ensembl7

Active transporters1

Permease protein1

Nucleotide1

Solute1

Component3