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Myosin-Light-Chain KinaseMyosin Light ChainsMyosinsCalmodulinGizzardMuscle, SmoothAzepinesMyosin-Light-Chain PhosphatasePhosphorylationTurkeysCardiac Myosinsrho-Associated KinasesMyosin Type IIProtein KinasesMyosin SubfragmentsChickensActinsCalciumAmino Acid SequenceMyosin Heavy ChainsKineticsRabbitsMolecular Sequence DataMusclesImmunoglobulin Light ChainsActomyosinNaphthalenesMuscle ContractionLightCalmodulin-Binding ProteinsCattleProtein-Serine-Threonine KinasesProtein Kinase CCalcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein KinasesNonmuscle Myosin Type IIAEnzyme ActivationPhosphoprotein PhosphatasesEnzyme InhibitorsDiacetylMolecular WeightPeptide FragmentsActin CytoskeletonBinding SitesAmidesNonmuscle Myosin Type IIBProtein Kinase InhibitorsTight JunctionsElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelProtein BindingHeterocyclic Compounds with 4 or More RingsCells, CulturedBase SequenceMuscle ProteinsIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMyosin Type VrhoA GTP-Binding ProteinCytoskeletonSignal TransductionTracheaCa(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPaseMuscle, Smooth, VascularPotassium ChlorideAndrostadienesAdenosine TriphosphatasesCell LinePhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesCalcium-Binding Proteins1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-MethylpiperazineSubstrate SpecificityOxazolesNaphthalenesulfonatesPhosphoproteinsAdenosine TriphosphateCarbazolesSequence Homology, Amino AcidMAP Kinase Signaling SystemBlotting, WesternProtein ConformationStress FibersIsoenzymesDictyosteliumTrifluoperazineTrypsinCell Surface Extensionsrho GTP-Binding ProteinsMicrofilament ProteinsTime FactorsMyocardiumPyridinesMutationRecombinant ProteinsIsometric ContractionPeptidesPeptide MappingProtein IsoformsMicroscopy, FluorescenceCloning, MolecularProtein Structure, TertiaryEgtazic AcidZonula Occludens-1 Protein
ActinSource:HGNC SymbolProteinsFilamentsCalmodulin-dependentImmunoglobulinSerinePhosphatasesReceptorsPhosphorylationEncodesReceptorPhosphorylatesTyrosineELISA KitRegulatoryIsoformMolecularPathwaysContractionEnzymeGenesActivatesRegulationAminoMemberMechanismDetectionEpithelialSpeciesStructuralActivationTailMajorMembersEssentialFamilyHeavy chainDomainType
Actin12
  • This kinase phosphorylates myosin regulatory light chains to facilitate myosin interaction with actin filaments to produce contractile activity. (wikipedia.org)
  • The contractile ring is made up of structural proteins, including actin filaments and myosin II filaments. (jove.com)
  • RhoA activity results in the assembly of myosin II and anti-parallel actin filaments into the structure of the contractile ring. (jove.com)
  • Here, myosin filaments move toward the plus end of adjacent antiparallel actin filaments. (jove.com)
  • Specific members of the Myosin superfamily of motor proteins are known to transport cargo along actin filaments. (mechanobio.info)
  • Myosin-X step size corresponds to a single twist of the actin filament helix. (mechanobio.info)
  • Myosins are conserved proteins that serve as actin-dependent molecular motors, playing important roles in the cytoskeleton. (cusabio.com)
  • Functionally, myosin motors have emerged as powerful players that drive cytoplasmic streaming, actin organization, and cell expansion ( Figure 1 ) [3-6] . (cusabio.com)
  • Phosphorylating MYL9 improves the interaction between myosin and actin, as well as enhances ATPase activity in the myosin light chain head. (cusabio.com)
  • The head region of the heavy chain contains the actin binding domain and MgATPase domain which provides energy for locomotion. (lookformedical.com)
  • Filamentous actin is represented in red, and myosin in orange. (wikimedia.org)
  • Rho GTPase effectors are a large group of proteins and include actin nucleation promoting molecules, adaptors, as well as kinases. (biomedcentral.com)
Source:HGNC Symbol1
Proteins6
  • While mitogen-activated proteins kinase (MAPK) activation continues to be implicated in the pathogenesis of varied glomerular illnesses including nephrotic symptoms (NS) its particular part in podocyte injury isn't known. (healthyconnectionsinc.com)
  • A diverse superfamily of proteins that function as translocating proteins. (lookformedical.com)
  • Rho GTPases are small (20-30 kDa) GTP-binding proteins of the Ras superfamily. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This motif is found in Cdc42/Rac-associated proteins such as the protein kinases Pak, MRCK and Ack, the adaptor proteins Spec and WASP, and, in degenerate form, in the kinases MLK, Mekk4, adaptor Par6, scaffold protein IRSp53, and the Borg proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It binds Bone morphogenetic proteins , members of the TGF beta superfamily of ligands, which are involved in paracrine signalling . (wikidoc.org)
  • Rho proteins belong to the Ras superfamily. (biomedcentral.com)
Filaments2
  • In addition, using a separate promoter in an intron in the 3' region, it encodes telokin, a small protein identical in sequence to the C-terminus of myosin light chain kinase, that is independently expressed in smooth muscle and functions to stabilize unphosphorylated myosin filaments. (wikipedia.org)
  • The amino- terminal is involved in a Z line binding, and the carboxy-terminal region is bound to the myosin filament with an overlap between the counter-connectin filaments at the M line. (lookformedical.com)
Calmodulin-dependent2
  • This gene, a muscle member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, encodes a myosin light-chain kinase, which is a calcium-/calmodulin-dependent enzyme. (wikipedia.org)
  • Additionally, several other important molecules such as calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, ILK , PKA, ZIPK , PKC, and the inhibitory molecule CP17 of myosin light chain phosphatase MLCP are also involved [12-14] . (cusabio.com)
Immunoglobulin1
  • The basic structure of immunoglobulin (Ig) molecules is a tetramer of two light chains and two heavy chains linked by disulphide bonds. (embl.de)
Serine2
  • Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II or BMPR2 is a serine/threonine receptor kinase . (wikidoc.org)
  • On ligand binding, forms a receptor complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. (wikidoc.org)
Phosphatases8
  • Levels of cellular protein phosphorylation are modulated both by protein kinases and phosphatases. (rupress.org)
  • Although the importance of kinases in this process has long been recognized, an appreciation for the complex and fundamental role of phosphatases is more recent. (rupress.org)
  • Through extensive biochemical and genetic analysis, we now know that pathways are not simply switched on with kinases and off with phosphatases. (rupress.org)
  • Furthermore, kinases and phosphatases may work together to modulate the strength of a signal. (rupress.org)
  • Adding further complexity to this picture is the fact that both kinases and phosphatases can function in signaling networks where multiple kinases and phosphatases contribute to the outcome of a pathway. (rupress.org)
  • To fully understand this complex and essential regulatory process, the kinases and phosphatases mediating the changes in cellular phosphorylation must be identified and characterized. (rupress.org)
  • A variety of approaches, including biochemical purification, gene isolation by homology, and genetic screens, have been successfully used for the identification of putative protein kinases and phosphatases. (rupress.org)
  • Phosphorylation controlled by protein kinases and phosphatases is the major posttranslational modification and regulates the cellular levels and transactivator function of E2F1. (bvsalud.org)
Receptors1
  • Predicated on its series and structural features, ELR1 is one of the TNF receptor (TNFR) superfamily [4], [5], and several receptors of the superfamily, like the development factor receptor, leptin Fas and receptor, have soluble forms also. (angiogenesis-blog.com)
Phosphorylation3
  • Specifically, ROCK acts as a substrate for myosin light chain, facilitating the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of the MYL9 gene. (cusabio.com)
  • Numerous studies have shown that MYL9 regulates ATPase activity and myosin contraction through phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. (cusabio.com)
  • Ciona vasopressin family peptide (CiVP) directly upregulated the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (CiErk1/2) via its receptor. (elifesciences.org)
Encodes1
Receptor1
Phosphorylates1
  • DAPK3 is found in smooth muscle where it phosphorylates the regulatory light chain of myosin and stabilizes thick filament formation. (rndsystems.com)
Tyrosine4
  • New strategies including monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors explore molecular targets that are normally deregulated in cancer cells, and represent a new hope for patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Human Bruton'S Tyrosine Kinase (Btk) in samples from tissue homogenates, cell lysates or other biological fluids. (operatiebrp.nl)
  • Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Bruton'S Tyrosine Kinase (Btk) in tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids. (operatiebrp.nl)
  • Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Human Bruton'S Tyrosine Kinase (Btk) in samples from tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species. (operatiebrp.nl)
ELISA Kit1
  • Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Protein Kinase C Beta 1 from Human in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (therabio.org)
Regulatory5
  • Cyclin-dependent kinases such as CDK8 phosphorylate at S375 of E2F1, which is dephosphorylated by protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) containing the B55 regulatory subunit. (bvsalud.org)
  • MYL9, the regulatory light chain of myosin, is essential for cell movement by activating myosin motility. (cusabio.com)
  • Myosin's molecular structure includes heavy chains (MHC) and light chains (MLC), which are further classified into basic MLC (MLC I) and regulatory MLC (MLC II). (cusabio.com)
  • The neck contains an alpha helix entwined by two regulatory light chains that bind to myosin light chains and calmodulin. (cusabio.com)
  • MYL9 exerts regulatory functions through two major systems: the Rho-kinase ( ROCK ) system and the myosin light chain kinase ( MLCK ) system. (cusabio.com)
Isoform1
Molecular4
  • The development of a functioning neural network relies on responses of axonal growth cones to molecular CGS 21680 HCl guidance cues that are encountered en route to their target tissue. (healthyconnectionsinc.com)
  • A giant elastic protein of molecular mass ranging from 2,993 kDa (cardiac), 3,300 kDa (psoas), to 3,700 kDa (soleus) having a kinase domain. (lookformedical.com)
  • Finally, we shed the light on the key molecular signalling pathways that are involved in the regulation of MECs' development and functions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • During the past decades, an increasing body of work has shed light on the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the transformation of normal cells into cancerous cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Pathways1
  • In addition, they play important roles in gene transcription (via activation of mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase pathways and, in higher eukaryotes, the transcription factor NFκB), generation of reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, and cell-cycle progression. (biomedcentral.com)
Contraction2
  • TNF-α augmented the contraction of primary cultured bladder smooth muscle cells through upregulating Rho kinase activity and phosphorylating myosin light chain. (harvard.edu)
  • One mechanism of contraction involves myosin motor activity. (jove.com)
Enzyme1
  • Myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle also known as kinase-related protein (KRP) or telokin is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MYLK gene. (wikipedia.org)
Genes2
  • The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily genes were upregulated in DKO bladders. (harvard.edu)
  • The diverse human myosins family consists of 12 classes (I-XII) with 40 identified myosin genes. (cusabio.com)
Activates1
Regulation2
  • MYL9: a New Member of Myosin Motors, a Key Driver of Cancer Cell Dynamic Regulation? (cusabio.com)
  • Myosins generally consist of heavy chains which are involved in locomotion, and light chains which are involved in regulation. (lookformedical.com)
Amino1
  • Human DAPK3 is 454 amino acids (aa) in length and contains one protein kinase domain (aa 134‑275) and a C-terminal Leu-zipper motif (aa 427‑441) that mediates homo- and hetero-dimerization. (rndsystems.com)
Member3
  • also known as ZIP kinase and DLK) is a 52 kDa member of the CAMK Ser/Thr kinase family, protein kinase superfamily of enzymes. (rndsystems.com)
  • Numerous studies have demonstrated that MYL9, as a crucial member of the myosin family, participates in various organismal functions regulated by diverse factors. (cusabio.com)
  • In TE7 cells, these TGF-β1-induced changes were reversed by 100 ng/mL of bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7), another member of the TGF-β1 superfamily. (aacrjournals.org)
Mechanism1
  • Movement of myosin-X is driven by ATP hydrolysis, in a unique mechanism that resembles walking or stepping. (mechanobio.info)
Detection1
  • Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Rat Protein Kinase C Beta 1 (PKCb1) in samples from tissue homogenates, cell lysates or other biological fluids. (therabio.org)
Epithelial1
  • The ductal system is coated by a chain of luminal epithelial cells (LECs) situated on a layer of myoepithelial cells (MECs) and encompassed by a distinguished basement membrane. (biomedcentral.com)
Species1
  • We focus on six 'core' effectors that operate in almost all these species - members of the Pak, WASP/WAVE, formin, lipid-kinase, IQGAP and NADPH oxidase families. (biomedcentral.com)
Structural1
  • The superfamily of myosins is organized into structural classes based upon the type and arrangement of the subunits they contain. (lookformedical.com)
Activation1
  • This activation triggers the activation of myosin light chain myosin. (cusabio.com)
Tail3
  • Myosin is composed of the head, neck, and tail regions. (cusabio.com)
  • Within the structure of myosin heavy chain are three domains: the head, the neck and the tail. (lookformedical.com)
  • The tail region provides the anchoring point that maintains the position of the heavy chain. (lookformedical.com)
Major1
Members1
  • These domains Biopterin provide to mediate connections among members from the DD superfamily to start signaling cascades. (healthyconnectionsinc.com)
Essential1
  • Fas-associated death domain (DD) adaptor (FADD) an associate from the DD superfamily contains both a DD and a death effector domain (DED) that are essential in mediating FAS ligand-induced apoptotic signaling. (healthyconnectionsinc.com)
Family1
  • Considering its association with the myosin motors family, MYL9 holds promise as a novel drug target for cancer immunotherapy! (cusabio.com)
Heavy chain1
Domain2
  • There are two types of light chains: kappa and lambda, each composed of a constant domain (CL) and a variable domain (VL). (embl.de)
  • There are five types of heavy chains: alpha, delta, epsilon, gamma and mu, all consisting of a variable domain (VH) and three (in alpha, delta and gamma) or four (in epsilon and mu) constant domains (CH1 to CH4). (embl.de)
Type1