• Good" ozone occurs naturally about 10 to 30 miles above the Earth's surface. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A decreased ozone layer increases the amount of UVA and UVB reaching the earth's surface. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The resulting atmospheric injection of acidic aerosols reduced the normal amount of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface by 10% which led to an average drop in temperature in the Northern Hemisphere by 0.5°C. Even worse, the depletion of the ozone layer was accelerated which led to the lowest ever ozone levels on record. (grapevine.is)
  • There is twice as much sunlight in Venus's orbit as there is in Earth's orbit, plus additional thermal input from the Venusian surface and atmosphere - 75% of sunlight being reflected up from it. (universetoday.com)
  • Because the ozone layer prevents most harmful UVB wavelengths of ultraviolet light from entering the Earth's atmosphere, ozone depletion is a significant concern. (mongabay.com)
  • A study published in the 14 March online early edition of New Phytologist suggests that rising levels of ozone starting at the Earth's surface (tropospheric ozone) could reduce soybean harvests. (greencarcongress.com)
  • Past analyses have suggested that ozone depletion has been dropping, but now NASA has finally been able to confirm that the Earth's natural "sunscreen" layer is finally healing. (naturalnews.com)
  • Researchers in America have shown that ozone -- a known pollutant at low levels in the earth's atmosphere, causing harmful effects on the respiratory system and sensitive plants -- can be reduced, on average, when electric vehicle charging is done at night time. (eponline.com)
  • The ozone layer is a part of the Earth's atmosphere and acts as a shield, absorbing harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun. (sky.com)
  • Scientists are warning that a newly-discovered connection between climate change and depletion of the ozone layer over the US could allow more damaging ultraviolet (UV) radiation to reach Earth's surface, leading to increased incidence of skin cancer. (sciencedaily.com)
  • As reported in a paper published in the July 27 issue of Science , a team of researchers led by James G. Anderson, the Philip S. Weld Professor of Atmospheric Chemistry, are warning that a newly-discovered connection between climate change and depletion of the ozone layer over the U.S. could allow more damaging ultraviolet (UV) radiation to reach the Earth's surface, leading to increased incidence of skin cancer. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Recent studies have suggested that the number and intensity of such storms are linked to climate changes, Anderson said, which could in turn lead to increased ozone loss and greater levels of harmful UV radiation reaching the Earth's surface, and potentially higher rates of skin cancer. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Ozone occurs naturally in the ozone layer of Earth's atmosphere. (windows2universe.org)
  • This has caused a thinning of the ozone layer in recent years, and even holes in the ozone layer over Earth's poles. (windows2universe.org)
  • 10% of the ozone in the Earth's atmosphere is found in the troposphere, the first layer of the Earth s atmosphere. (windows2universe.org)
  • About 90% of the ozone in the Earth's atmosphere lies in the region called the stratosphere which is found between 16 and 48 kilometers (10 and 30 miles) above the Earth's surface. (windows2universe.org)
  • The most important greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere include carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ), nitrous oxide (N 2 O), water vapor (H 2 O), ozone (O 3 ), and the chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs including CFC-12 (CCl 2 F 2 ) and CFC-11 (CCl 3 F)). In addition to reflecting sunlight, clouds are also a major greenhouse substance. (nationalacademies.org)
  • All the listed greenhouse gases except ozone are released to the atmosphere at Earth's surface and are spread globally throughout the lower atmosphere. (nationalacademies.org)
  • Yesterday, though, Harvard scientists hit us with some bad news: It looks as if climate change could actually cause the depletion of the ozone layer to resume on a wide scale, with grim implications for the United States. (smithsonianmag.com)
  • Particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and ground-level ozone (O 3 ) are the pollutants that cause the greatest harm to human health and the environment in Europe. (europa.eu)
  • But there's a different layer of ozone that's closer to the ground called ground-level ozone. (kidshealth.org)
  • Ground-level ozone can harm the lungs. (kidshealth.org)
  • Long-term exposure to air pollution, especially ground-level ozone , is like smoking about a pack of cigarettes a day for many years, a new study says, and like smoking, it can can lead to emphysema. (cnn.com)
  • It looked at exposure to air pollution - specifically to ground-level ozone, fine particulate matter, nitrogen oxide and black carbon. (cnn.com)
  • The city has had the worst smog, otherwise known as ground-level ozone, in the U.S. for 19 of the past 20 years. (cnn.com)
  • Ground-level ozone is the part of smog that you can't see. (cnn.com)
  • Studies of ground level ozone (or smog), including aerial flyovers, found that the Houston Ship Channel plants like ExxonMobil's Baytown complex are a large source of smog-forming chemicals, especially of high levels of 1,3-butadiene, ethylene, and propylene, termed "highly reactive volatile organic compounds. (sierraclub.org)
  • These industrial chemicals create ground level ozone as they cook in the sunlight on hot days. (sierraclub.org)
  • The additional pollutants, mixed with our weather pattern, leads to an increase in ground-level ozone. (kens5.com)
  • Volatile organic compounds are one of the primary constituents of smog and react in sunlight to form ground-level ozone. (justice.gov)
  • Sold about 1 million gallons of gasoline at its Tampa, Florida, terminal in 2013 that exceeded standards for volatility, known as the Reid Vapor Pressure, that help control ground level ozone during summer months. (justice.gov)
  • Ground-level ozone forms when two types of pollutants - volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) and nitrous oxides (NOx) - react in sunlight. (maricopa.gov)
  • University of Houston atmospheric science researchers have found that while local emissions play a role in the rise of ozone levels in Houston, most of the pollutants can be carried in from other regions across the country, leading to excess ozone pollution. (uh.edu)
  • Their findings offer insights into strategies to mitigate future ozone pollution for the region. (uh.edu)
  • The study highlights the significant role of long-lived oxygenated VOCs on ozone formation during pollution episodes. (uh.edu)
  • By investigating ozone pollution and examining the influence of local emissions, our study helps inform targeted strategies to enhance air quality and protect public health from ozone pollution in the Houston area," Soleimanian said. (uh.edu)
  • This "ozone pollution" is a main part of smog - the brownish-yellow haze often seen hanging over cities on the horizon. (kidshealth.org)
  • Increased sunlight, heat and pollution lead to the formation of ozone. (kens5.com)
  • The Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) is issuing an Ozone High Pollution Advisory (HPA) for Maricopa County, effective Tuesday and Wednesday, April 28 and 29, 2020. (maricopa.gov)
  • Meanwhile, Thailand is also experiencing high ozone (O 3 ) pollution because of the intense emission of air pollution coupled with year-round sunlight 3 . (nature.com)
  • The combination of warmer air, sunlight, and pollution creates more ozone. (medscape.com)
  • It forms when pollutants from cars, factories, and other sources react chemically with sunlight. (medlineplus.gov)
  • It's colorless and it comes from the photochemical transformation that occurs when pollutants interact with sunlight. (cnn.com)
  • The thinning of the ozone is caused by the presence of pollutants in the atmosphere such as chlorine, originating from man-made pollutants like chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which have still not vanished from the air despite being banned under the Montreal Protocol (1987). (mongabay.com)
  • As such, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and the University of Texas modelled the effect of replacing 20% of the vehicle miles travelled (VMT) by gasoline-run cars with PHEVs, using three different electric car charging scenarios to study the emission of pollutants, specifically ozone, in the state of Texas. (eponline.com)
  • The ozone action day was issued due to the possibility of more ozone being at the surface, due to the current weather pattern and increased pollutants. (kens5.com)
  • Air pollutants that can help cause the ozone to form are volatile organic compounds that form from emissions from motor vehicles exhaust, industrial facilities, gasoline vapors and chemical solvents. (kens5.com)
  • It is known that the lungs are the main target of attack of air pollutants, among which the primary are particulate matter (PM 10 ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and ozone (O 3 ). (bvsalud.org)
  • These clouds are important because they help start a chemical reaction that causes chlorine to destroy ozone. (nunatsiaq.com)
  • As the sun rises over the South Pole following winter darkness, its energy releases chlorine and bromine atoms in the vortex - these rapidly destroy ozone molecules, leading the hole to form. (sky.com)
  • Various chemicals that humans release into the atmosphere can destroy ozone in the stratosphere. (windows2universe.org)
  • Chlorine gases react on the surface of these PSCs to release chlorine into a form that can easily destroy ozone. (nasa.gov)
  • The chlorine and bromine chemical catalytic reactions that destroy ozone need sunlight. (nasa.gov)
  • Stratospheric ozone, which filters out UV radiation, especially shorter wavelengths, is depleted by man-made chlorofluorocarbons (eg, in refrigerants and aerosols). (msdmanuals.com)
  • The stratospheric ozone concentration changes throughout the year as stratospheric circulation changes with the seasons. (encyclopedia.com)
  • The hole in the stratospheric ozone is caused by freons being activated into ozone-depleting substances. (lu.se)
  • Causes and effects of stratospheric ozone reduction : an update , a report / prepared by the Committee on Chemistry and Physics of Ozone Depletion and the Committee on Biological Effects of Increased Solar Ultraviolet Radiation, Environmental Studies Board, Commission on Natural Resources, National Research Council. (who.int)
  • The hole results from the "catalytic destruction" of ozone by atomic chlorine and bromine, the source of which is primarily chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) compounds known as "freons" and bromofluorocarbon compounds known as Halons. (mongabay.com)
  • In the system described by Anderson and his team, water vapor injected into the stratosphere by powerful thunderstorms converts stable forms of chlorine and bromine into free radicals capable of transforming ozone molecules into oxygen. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The depth and area of the ozone hole are primarily governed by the amounts of chlorine and bromine in the Antarctic stratosphere. (nasa.gov)
  • Exposure is increased at low latitudes (nearer the equator), in the summer, and during midday (10 AM to 4 PM) because sunlight passes through the atmosphere more directly (ie, at less of an angle) in these settings. (msdmanuals.com)
  • This ozone detection tells us a lot about the circulation and the chemistry of Venus' atmosphere," says Hakan Svedhem, ESA Project Scientist for the Venus Express mission. (universetoday.com)
  • The ozone layer is up high in the atmosphere and protects us from the sun's rays. (kidshealth.org)
  • In 1987, following the discovery that these compounds were responsible for the ozone depletion in the upper atmosphere, the international community adopted the Montreal Protocol which banned the production of CFCs and halons as well as related ozone depleting chemicals. (mongabay.com)
  • Ozone is a protective layer found about 25 kilometres above us mostly in the stratospheric stratum of the atmosphere that acts as a sunlight filter shielding life on Earth from harmful ultraviolet rays. (mongabay.com)
  • What this research does is connect, for the first time, climate change with ozone depletion, and ozone loss is directly tied to increases in skin cancer incidence, because more ultraviolet radiation is penetrating the atmosphere. (smithsonianmag.com)
  • Because water vapor raises the air temperature in the immediate vicinity, it allows compounds such as chlorine-leftover from CFCs, which will remain in our atmosphere for decades-to undergo a chemical shift into a free radical form, which then depletes ozone. (smithsonianmag.com)
  • When released into the atmosphere, many halocarbons deplete the ozone layer and have high global warming potential. (encyclopedia.com)
  • When CFCs make their way into the atmosphere, they get broken down by the sun's ultraviolet rays -- and release ozone-destroying chlorine atoms. (naturalnews.com)
  • According to the study, the amount of ozone-killing chlorine in the atmosphere over Antarctica is dropping by a rate of 0.8 percent each year. (naturalnews.com)
  • The air in the centre of the vortex can become extremely cold as it is isolated from the rest of the atmosphere and there is no sunlight in the dark polar winter to warm it. (newscientist.com)
  • The concentration of ozone in the atmosphere can create ozone peaks. (belgium.be)
  • Ozone is created in the atmosphere by reactions initiated by sunlight. (nationalacademies.org)
  • The reaction of nitrogen dioxide with chemicals produced by sunlight leads to the formation of nitric acid, which is a major constituent of acid rain. (cdc.gov)
  • It forms when chemicals from cars, power plants, and factories mix with sunlight. (kidshealth.org)
  • The shrinking of the ozone hole is considered to be under control, thanks to the Montreal protocol, signed in 1989 by many countries, which led to the phasing out of chemicals that contribute to ozone destruction, such as chlorofluorocarbons, or CFCs, found in old refrigerators. (nunatsiaq.com)
  • In the 1970s and 80s, people around the world grew increasingly alarmed as research revealed that chemicals we were producing-such as CFCs, used in refrigeration- had started destroying the crucial ozone layer, high up in the atmopshere, that protects us from the sun's harmful UV radiation. (smithsonianmag.com)
  • In response, world governments came together to sign the Montreal Protocol in 1987, which phased out the production of ozone-depleting chemicals. (smithsonianmag.com)
  • Resists solvents, grease, ozone and other chemicals. (powerwerx.com)
  • Under the Montreal Protocol, which was introduced in 1989, these ozone-killing chemicals were put to bed. (naturalnews.com)
  • While the reduction in CFCs is no doubt good for the environment (especially the ozone layer), these hazardous chemicals have unfortunately been replaced by more toxic chemicals. (naturalnews.com)
  • Will the closing of the ozone layer inspire more bans on toxic chemicals? (naturalnews.com)
  • However, chemicals and substances created by humans have led to thinning in the layer, known as ozone holes. (sky.com)
  • This international treaty sets out to protect the ozone layer by banning chemicals, such as CFCs, which cause damage. (sky.com)
  • After the unusually small and short-lived ozone hole in 2019, which was driven by special meteorological conditions, we are registering a rather large one again this year, which confirms that we need to continue enforcing the Montreal Protocol banning emissions of ozone depleting chemicals. (sky.com)
  • During the winter, temperatures in the stratosphere above the North Pole dips to -90 C, due to the absence of sunlight, and because of ferocious winds that form a "polar vortex" that lock the cold in. (nunatsiaq.com)
  • Such significant ozone loss requires very low temperatures in the stratosphere combined with sunlight. (mongabay.com)
  • Much more field research is needed to track the rate of water vapor injections into the stratosphere, the attendant ozone depletion and the prevalence of skin cancer in the U.S. population. (smithsonianmag.com)
  • The highest natural concentration of ozone (approximately 10 parts per million by volume) occurs in the stratosphere at approximately 15.5 mi (25 km) above Earth. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Strahan wrote, "All of this is evidence that the Montreal Protocol is working - the chlorine is decreasing in the Antarctic stratosphere, and the ozone destruction is decreasing along with it. (naturalnews.com)
  • Ozone in the stratosphere protects us from ultraviolet radiation in sunlight. (windows2universe.org)
  • The ozone molecules which absorb UV radiation later re-radiate the energy as heat, warming the stratosphere . (windows2universe.org)
  • Above that, at 15-50 kilometres above sea level, we have the stratosphere, which includes the ozone layer that, amongst other things, protects Earth from ultraviolet radiation (UV radiation). (lu.se)
  • In the stratosphere, the aerosol particles affect the ozone, causing it to break down and making the protective layer thinner. (lu.se)
  • Large ozone holes form over Antarctica because the stratosphere over the polar region is very cold in winter. (lu.se)
  • When scientists first noticed the hole that had formed in the ozone layer, many believed that chloro-fluorocarbons (CFCs) were the cause. (naturalnews.com)
  • While the ozone layer may be healing, there is no shortage of environmental toxins out there in the world -- it's not just CFCs and HFCs. (naturalnews.com)
  • This chemical change means "you end up having chlorine from CFCs converted from forms that don't deplete ozone into forms that do", explains Harris. (newscientist.com)
  • It forms when sunlight breaks down the carbon dioxide molecules and releases oxygen. (universetoday.com)
  • From there, they are distributed by planetary winds where the oxygen atoms will either combine into two-atom oxygen molecules, or form three-atom ozone. (universetoday.com)
  • Ozone molecules (O 3 ) have three oxygen atoms . (windows2universe.org)
  • Ozone molecules are much less stable than regular (O 2 ) oxygen molecules. (windows2universe.org)
  • These molecules usually form as the result of a reaction of sunlight with water molecules and ozone. (mpg.de)
  • The size of the ozone hole is the area on the globe in million square km of ozone column values below 220 Dobson units (DU). (mongabay.com)
  • It is defined to be that region of ozone values below 220 Dobson Units (DU) located south of 40°S. Values below 220 DU represent anthropogenic ozone losses over Antarctica. (nasa.gov)
  • 1993. Long-term ambient concentrations of total suspended particulates, ozone, and sulfur dioxide and respiratory symptoms in a nonsmoking population. (cdc.gov)
  • Without enough good ozone, people may get too much ultraviolet radiation. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The layer of ozone that begins approximately 9.3 mi (15 km) above Earth and thins to an almost negligible amount at about 31 mi (50 km) and shields Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Background: Low exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from sunlight may be a risk factor for developing multiple sclerosis (MS). Possible pathways may be related to effects on immune system function or vitamin D insufficiency, as UVR plays a role in the production of the active form of vitamin D in the body. (cdc.gov)
  • Because this mechanism has only been detected now, there are no historical data about how much water vapor has been moved upward by such storms over time, and so the researchers can't say just how much total increased ozone depletion has occurred so far. (smithsonianmag.com)
  • Temperatures in the vortex can fall below -78C (-108.4F), causing the formation of stratospheric clouds which lead to chemical reactions that deplete ozone. (sky.com)
  • Most of the dermatologic effects of sunlight are caused by UV radiation, which is divided into 3 bands: UVA (320 to 400 nm), UVB (280 to 320 nm), and UVC (100 to 280 nm). (msdmanuals.com)
  • The ozone layer is an essential shield from the sun's radiation. (naturalnews.com)
  • Typically, silicone o-rings show outstanding flex and fatigue life, strong ozone and UV radiation resistance, and physiologically neutral and insulating properties. (marcorubber.com)
  • A gaping hole in the Arctic ozone could mean higher levels of UV radiation in some inhabited areas in northern Europe, such as Scandinavia. (newscientist.com)
  • The combination of these two factors leads to holes in the ozone layer and more UV radiation reaching us," explains Johan Friberg. (lu.se)
  • You've probably heard about the ozone layer and how it protects us from the sun's rays. (kidshealth.org)
  • The hole in the ozone layer, which forms annually between September and December over Antarctica , has reached its maximum size for 2020 of around 8.9 million square miles. (sky.com)
  • The 2020 ozone hole resembles the one from 2018, which also was a quite large hole, and is definitely in the upper part of the pack of the last 15 years or so. (sky.com)
  • After the Australian fires in 2019 and 2020, the concentration of ozone in the Southern Hemisphere fell and ozone holes formed outside the polar region. (lu.se)
  • Ozone depletion occurs in cold weather -- so it can differ from year to year and makes it much more challenging to study. (naturalnews.com)
  • But whether this massive loss of ozone occurs depends on whether the polar stratospheric clouds stick around for the next six to eight weeks, says Harris. (newscientist.com)
  • The data of ambient levels of particulate matter, sulfur dioxideand ozone were obtained from the Company of Technology of Environmental Sanitation (CETESB) and temperature and humidity from the Foundation for Science, Technology and Space Applications (FUNCATE). (bvsalud.org)
  • The ozone hole is primarily found over Antarctica, although a smaller "dimple" is found over the Arctic. (nunatsiaq.com)
  • The European Space Agency (ESA) said that ozone loss in Antarctica hit a record in 2006. (mongabay.com)
  • ESA's announcement comes a little more than a week after the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) reported that hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica will expand this year to 27.9 million square kilometers (10.8 million square miles), its second-highest recorded level in history. (mongabay.com)
  • This year's extreme loss of ozone can be explained by the temperatures above Antarctica reaching the lowest recorded in the area since 1979," ESA Atmospheric Engineer Claus Zehner said. (mongabay.com)
  • Climate change could produce an ozone hole over the U.S. similar to the one observed over Antarctica, above, in 2006. (smithsonianmag.com)
  • Thirty-some-odd years ago, scientists first became aware of a hole in the ozone layer, which had formed over Antarctica. (naturalnews.com)
  • Hence, the ozone hole begins to grow as the sun is rising over Antarctica at the end of the winter. (nasa.gov)
  • Scientists from NASA and other agencies believe that the ozone hole over the Antarctic will recover around 2068, nearly 20 years later than estimated in the late 1990s. (mongabay.com)
  • In the Arctic and Antarctic, though, the presence of holes in the ozone layer is tied to moisture. (smithsonianmag.com)
  • Though they had worked since the mid-1980s to investigate ozone depletion in the Arctic and Antarctic, by the early-2000s, Anderson's team had turned their attention to climate studies. (sciencedaily.com)
  • And the smoke chokes off cloud formation, which changes the Amazon's energy balance: fewer clouds mean more sunlight reaches the surface, which leads to warming. (nasa.gov)
  • European Union scientists said on Friday that if the exceptionally cold temperatures continue, and the persistent polar clouds - which alter the chemistry of the ozone layer - remain, then large ozone losses will be likely when spring sunlight returns in the coming weeks. (newscientist.com)
  • Mean surface ozone concentration is predicted to increase 23% by 2050. (greencarcongress.com)
  • Researchers at the University of Illinois and US Department of Agriculture ARS used free-air gas concentration enrichment (FACE) technology for ozone fumigation of soybean crops over two growing seasons-the first such study using FACE with a foodcrop. (greencarcongress.com)
  • Natural events such as volcanoes and solar flares can produce changes in ozone concentration, but man-made changes are of the greatest concern. (encyclopedia.com)
  • The amount of ozone detected is also critical to refining models. (universetoday.com)
  • The ozone loss is the amount of ozone in megaton necessary to fill the ozone hole to 220 Dobson units (DU) over the whole area. (mongabay.com)
  • Although night time charging was shown to yield the highest amount of nitrogen oxides, this led to the least amount of ozone on average across all cities and hours modelled as there is no sunlight for the emissions to react with. (eponline.com)
  • Chronic exposure to sunlight ages the skin (photoaging, dermatoheliosis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Mostly, I am driven by curiosity, but now and then I have had practical goals in sight: saving the ozone layer, finding a way of early detection of plant disease, finding a recipe for optimum exposure to sunlight (avoiding skin cancer and other damage, while still getting enough vitamin D). (lu.se)
  • Because ozone absorbs most of the Sun's harmful ultra-violet rays… and because it is believed to be a by-product of life itself. (universetoday.com)
  • Manufactured with a strong yet flexible PVC covering that is smooth inside for easy wire pulling, this Flexible Liquid Tight Electrical Conduit is perfect where the conditions of installation or operation require flexibility and protections from liquids, vapors, solids and the elements (it is cold, heat and sunlight resistant). (homedepot.com)
  • 3/8" x 300', Heavy Duty Bungee Cord Reel, Marine Grade, Highly Visible White Outer Jacket With Black Stripe, Premium Quality Components For Safety & Consistent Performance, Sunlight & Ozone Resistant With Triple The Tension Of Other Cords. (truevalue.com)
  • Twin conductor, insulated and jacketed, sunlight resistant, photovoltaic wire rated for 90°C wet or dry, 600V for interconnection wiring of grounded and ungrounded photovoltaic power systems as described in Section 630.31 (and other applicable parts of the National Electric Code (NEC), NFPA 70). (powerwerx.com)
  • The size of this year's ozone hole is 28 million square km, nearly as large as the record ozone hole extension during 2000, and the depth of the ozone hole is around 100 Dobson Units, rivalling the record low ozone values in 1998. (mongabay.com)
  • The aerosol scale (yellow to dark reddish-brown) indicates the relative amount of particles that absorb sunlight. (nasa.gov)
  • Aerosol particles can both spread and absorb sunlight, which can have cooling or warming effects on the climate. (lu.se)
  • Moreover, the ozone formed from chemical reactions involving sunlight, has powerful oxidizing and cytotoxic effect 2 . (bvsalud.org)
  • In the warmer air above the U.S., the researchers measured that the local presence of water vapor increased the rate of ozone erosion as high as one hundredfold. (smithsonianmag.com)
  • The researchers from the EU's SCOUT-03 project, which involves over 200 scientists from 19 countries, fear that the ozone hole could be bigger than that which followed the worst-ever winter of 1999-2000. (newscientist.com)
  • While earlier tests performed in the Arctic had demonstrated that water vapor was a key component in creating the "free-radical" compounds that break down ozone, Anderson said the latest finding is much more troubling, because it suggests the process can happen at much higher temperatures than initially suspected. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Ozone is a special kind of oxygen molecule. (windows2universe.org)
  • Ozone forms when a photon of ultraviolet (UV) "light" from the Sun strikes a normal oxygen molecule, breaking it apart. (windows2universe.org)
  • Breathing bad ozone can be harmful. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Air quality alerts and ozone actions days are put into place for those who may have breathing problems when there is an increase in ozone, like people with asthma. (kens5.com)
  • Breathing ozone can trigger a variety of health problems including chest pain, coughing, throat irritation and congestion and can worsen bronchitis, emphysema and asthma. (justice.gov)
  • Ozone can irritate the throat and lungs and causes a burning sensation in eyes. (windows2universe.org)
  • Ozone can irritate the respiratory system, aggravate asthma and reduce the immune system's ability to fight off respiratory infections. (maricopa.gov)
  • According to the EPA, ozone causes muscles in the airway to constrict, leading to wheezing and shortness of breath. (uh.edu)
  • Nitrogen oxides combined with VOCs form ozone under sunlight. (uh.edu)
  • Ozone and other oxidants are not emitted into the air directly but form from reactions involving nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons. (encyclopedia.com)
  • The chemical breakdown of ozone by the active chlorine form is triggered as sunlight starts to penetrate the polar region in spring. (newscientist.com)
  • The seasonal hole in the Arctic ozone layer could be the worst ever this year if the current cold conditions persist, scientists are warning. (newscientist.com)
  • Temperatures in the Arctic ozone layer are now the coldest for 50 years and have been consistently low for two months. (newscientist.com)
  • The first signs of Arctic ozone loss have already been seen 20 km above the Earth, says Markus Rex at the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Germany, a coordinator on the project. (newscientist.com)
  • Keeping an eye on ozone levels above the North Pole is just one purpose for PEARL over the next few years. (nunatsiaq.com)
  • Latitudes higher than 40° have insufficient sunlight to achieve optimum levels of D during six to eight months of the year. (saratoga.com)
  • The research, led by Dr. Susan Strahan of Nasa's Goddard Space Flight Centre in Greenbelt, Maryland, also reportedly suggests that a reduction atmospheric CFC levels is responsible for helping the ozone layer heal. (naturalnews.com)
  • Objective: This study examined whether lower levels of residential UVR exposure from sunlight were associated with increased MS risk in a cohort of radiologic technologists. (cdc.gov)
  • This HPA is due to ozone levels expected to accumulate enough to exceed the federal health standard for ozone. (maricopa.gov)
  • Generally, the highest levels of ozone occur in the afternoon. (maricopa.gov)
  • These long-lived VOCs underscore the need for a heightened focus on reducing these emissions, especially at the Houston Ship Channel, since it is a hotspot of ozone formation in the area," said Ehsan Soleimanian, first author of the study and an atmospheric science doctoral student. (uh.edu)
  • Dozens of Houston ozone monitors measure high concentrations exceeding the federal 8-hour standard, which EPA has tightened twice since 1997 as scientific data better documents the health effects of ozone. (sierraclub.org)
  • This year's record ozone loss was reached because these two measurements occurred during the same time period. (mongabay.com)
  • The strongest association between a pollutant and emphysema was seen with exposure to ozone, which was the only pollutant associated with an additional decline in lung function. (cnn.com)
  • The ozone loss at 12:00 GMT of each day from GOME (1996-2002) and SCIAMACHY (2003-2006) Assimilated Ozone Fields. (mongabay.com)
  • Validation of GOME ozone profiles and evaluation of stratospheric transport in a global chemistry-transport model. (knmi.nl)
  • The month of September is the typical annual ozone peak due to high temperatures, lack of rain and air circulation patterns that transport polluted air from the north. (uh.edu)
  • Fewer live leaves and decreased photosynthesis in late grain filling appear to drive the ozone-induced losses in production and yield. (greencarcongress.com)
  • The team noted that yield losses with elevated ozone were greater in the second year following a severe hailstorm, suggesting that losses caused by ozone might be exacerbated by extreme climatic events. (greencarcongress.com)
  • People most affected by ozone include children, senior citizens, people who work or exercise outdoors and people with pre-existing respiratory disease. (maricopa.gov)
  • Research that begins this month at a lab on Ellesmere Island could shed light on how climate change may slow the repair of the ozone hole. (nunatsiaq.com)
  • Climate Change Could Erode Ozone Layer Over U.S. (smithsonianmag.com)
  • Ironically, Anderson said, the discovery that climate change might be driving ozone loss happened virtually by accident. (sciencedaily.com)