• The p-toluensulfonate, the methylsulfonate, and the chlorhydrate monohydrate salts of Hats were evaluated as carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitors (CAIs) and as anticonvulsants and diuretics, since many CAIs are clinically used as pharmacological agents. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: X-ray crystallographic studies for the binding of 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonamide and 5-(4-amino-3-chloro-5-fluorophenylsulfonamido)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonamide to human isoform II. (expasy.org)
  • Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. (wikipedia.org)
  • The concomitant administration of brinzolamide and oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors is not recommended. (ncats.io)
  • Plus, in patients treated with oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, rare instances of acid-base alterations have occurred with high-dose salicylate therapy. (ncats.io)
  • Carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors are active over a number of CA isozymes. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • 2013) Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: synthesis and inhibition of the human carbonic anhydrase isoforms I, II, VII, IX and XII with benzene sulfonamides incorporating 4,5,6,7-tetrabromophthalimide moiety. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • Li, Synthesis and evaluation of novel 1, 2, 3-triazole-based acetylcholinesterase inhibitors with neuroprotective activity, Bioorganic Med. (dntb.gov.ua)
  • Ozgun, Synthesis and bioactivities of pyrazoline benzensulfonamides as carbonic anhydrase and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors with low cytotoxicity, Bioorg. (dntb.gov.ua)
  • Istrefi, Sulfonamides incorporating ketene N,S-acetal bioisosteres as potent carbonic anhydrase and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, Arch. (dntb.gov.ua)
  • Sever, Thiazolyl-pyrazoline derivatives: In vitro and in silico evaluation as potential acetylcholinesterase and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, Int. J. Biol. (dntb.gov.ua)
  • In this paper we have represented "Three Dimensional Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship" study to characterize structural features of Sulfamide derivative [RRNSO2NH2] as inhibitors, that are required for selective binding of carbonic anhydrase isozymes (CAI and CAII). (eurekaselect.com)
  • and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, including acetazolamide and methazolamide. (aspetjournals.org)
  • We have developed selective CAIX inhibitors with anticancer properties based on carborane scaffold to the structure-assisted design of novel and original inhibitors targeting therapeutically relevant isoenzymes of human carbonic anhydrase. (imtm.cz)
  • All currently used inhibitors anhydrase inhibitors contain a sulfonamide or a sulfamate moiety connected to so-called 'ring structure' which is usually a 5- or 6-membered aromatic ring or conjugated ring system containing nitrogen, oxygen, and/or sulfur heteroatoms. (imtm.cz)
  • The use of three-dimensional boron cluster is a novel approach in the development of isoform-specific CA inhibitors. (imtm.cz)
  • Professor Supuran's research activity is centered on selective inhibitors and activators of carbonic anhydrase isoforms, with various applications in the fight against various diseases such as glaucoma, epilepsy, gastric and duodenal ulcers, migraine, and cancer. (revistadechimie.ro)
  • Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors inhibit the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. (openanesthesia.org)
  • These compounds were designed to comply with the general features of sulfonamide pharmacophore which act as Cyclooxygenase (COX-2) inhibitors. (scirp.org)
  • Supuran, C.T. and Scozzafava, A. (2000) Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors and Their Therapeutic Potential. (scirp.org)
  • A series of sulfenimide derivatives (1a-i) were investigated as inhibitors of human (hCA-I, hCA-II) and bovine (bCA) carbonic anhydrase enzymes. (ogu.edu.tr)
  • Results of our study will make valuable contributions to carbonic anhydrase inhibition studies for further investigations since inhibitors of this enzyme are important molecules for medicinal chemistry. (ogu.edu.tr)
  • A recent discovery is connected with the involvement of CAs and their sulfonamide inhibitors in cancer: several potent sulfonamide inhibitors inhibited the growth of a multitude of tumor cells in vitro and in vivo, thus constituting interesting leads for developing novel antitumor therapies. (rhea-db.org)
  • the sulfonamide coxibs (celecoxib, valdecoxib and paricoxib), or the protein kinase inhibitors pazopanib, imatinib and nilotinib, also show significant inhibition of many pharmacologically relevant CA isoforms. (pharmadvances.com)
  • This polypharmacology of the CA inhibitors (CAIs) thus affords for novel applications for these drugs, such as for example the antiobesity action of topiramate and zonisamide (thought to be due to inhibition of two mitochondrial CA isoforms) or the antitumor activity of most sulfonamides and also coxibs and kinase inhibitors, which strongly inhibit the tumor-associated isoforms CA IX and XII. (pharmadvances.com)
  • The main groups include sodium channel blockers, calcium current inhibitors, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) enhancers, glutamate blockers, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, hormones, and drugs with unknown mechanisms of action (see the image below). (medscape.com)
  • Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) have been used to treat glaucoma since 1954, when Becker 1 first demonstrated the clinical efficacy of systemically administered acetazolamide. (entokey.com)
  • One of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitors that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. (pharmfair.com)
  • Dr. Maren then returned to industry at the chemotherapy division of the American Cyanamid Company, where he began studying carbonic anhydrase and its inhibitors. (ufl.edu)
  • In the mid-1970s, Dr. Maren returned to his early work on glaucoma medication, convinced that carbonic anhydrase inhibitors could be applied topically to the eye. (ufl.edu)
  • In order to test the principle that a CA IX inhibitor could be used for targeting PET or SPECT metallic radioisotopes to tumours we have prepared a number of conjugates involving aryl-sulfonamides or an acetazolamide derivative linked to a range of copper, indium, rhenium, 99m-technetium and zinc complexes. (bath.ac.uk)
  • Crystal structure of the human carbonic anhydrase II in complex with the 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonamide inhibitor. (expasy.org)
  • Brinzolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is FDA approved for the treatment of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma. (ncats.io)
  • INDICATIONS & USAGE SECTION SIMBRINZA† (brinzolamide/brimonidine tartrate ophthalmic suspension) 1%/0.2% is a fixed combination of a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and an alpha 2 adrenergic receptor agonist indicated for the reduction of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. (ncats.io)
  • SIMBRINZA is a fixed combination of a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and an alpha 2 adrenergic receptor agonist indicated for the reduction of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. (ncats.io)
  • Enzyme, Carbonic anhydrase, Biochemistry, Isozyme and Enzyme inhibitor are his primary areas of study. (research.com)
  • His research integrates issues of Structure-activity relationship, Sulfonamide and Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor in his study of Isozyme. (research.com)
  • Jean-Yves Winum combines subjects such as Extracellular, Structure-activity relationship, Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and Sulfamic acid with his study of Isozyme. (research.com)
  • Acetazolamide extended-release capsules are an inhibitor of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. (nih.gov)
  • Acetazolamide is a potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, effective in the control of fluid secretion (e.g., some types of glaucoma), in the treatment of certain convulsive disorders (e.g., epilepsy) and in the promotion of diuresis in instances of abnormal fluid retention (e.g., cardiac edema). (nih.gov)
  • Acetazolamide is an enzyme inhibitor that acts specifically on carbonic anhydrase, the enzyme that catalyzes the reversible reaction involving the hydration of carbon dioxide and the dehydration of carbonic acid. (nih.gov)
  • Acetazolamide, a major carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, blocks the re-absorption of sodium bicarbonate, resulting in an alkaline diuresis with loss of sodium and bicarbonate in the urine. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The bromo derivative (1f) was found to be strongest inhibitor of all three enzymes with KI values of 0.023, 0.044 and 20.57 µM for hCA-I, hCA-II and bCA, respectively. (ogu.edu.tr)
  • Inhibitor (green) bound in the active site of carbonic anhydrase. (rcsb.org)
  • Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used as a diuretic. (aksci.com)
  • more specifically a carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor, acetazolamide predominantly acts within the proximal convoluted tubule of the nephron (De Marchi and Cecchin 1990). (ukessays.com)
  • AcetaZOLAMIDE, an inhibitor of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, is a white to faintly yellowish white crystalline, odorless powder, weakly acidic, very slightly soluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol. (drugcite.com)
  • His early work contributed to the first effective oral diuretic, Diamox (acetazolamide), a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, which also happened to lower intraocular pressure. (ufl.edu)
  • Acetazolamide is a diuretic and carbonic anhydrase inhibitor medication used to treat several illnesses, as summarized below. (statpearls.com)
  • Acetazolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. (statpearls.com)
  • Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide affects the delicate equilibrium among CO2, H+, and HCO3- in the neurons and modulates the activity of ligand-gated ion channels at the neuronal level, such as GABA-A signaling. (statpearls.com)
  • Inhibition of various human carbonic anhydrase isoforms (I, II, IX and XII) was tested with the 'cold', non-radiolabelled complexes, and compared with an acetazolamide standard (AZA). (bath.ac.uk)
  • The diuretic effect of acetazolamide is due to its action in the kidney on the reversible reaction involving hydration of carbon dioxide and dehydration of carbonic acid. (nih.gov)
  • Plasma concentrations of acetazolamide peak from three to six hours after administration of acetazolamide extended-release capsules, compared to one to four hours with tablets. (nih.gov)
  • Since acetazolamide is a sulfonamide derivative, cross sensitivity between acetazolamide, sulfonamides and other sulfonamide derivatives is possible. (nih.gov)
  • Acetazolamide is a sulfonamide and can lead to allergic reactions. (openanesthesia.org)
  • The anticonvulsant activity of Acetazolamide may depend on a direct inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in the CNS, which decreases carbon dioxide tension in the pulmonary alveoli, thus increasing arterial oxygen tension. (pharmfair.com)
  • In epilepsy, inhibition of carbonic anhydrase by acetazolamide seems to retard abnormal, excessive, paroxysmal electrical discharge from neurons. (statpearls.com)
  • In this study, eleven new compounds with a series of benzimidazole-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives structures were synthesized and evaluated for their human (h) carbonic anhydrase inhibitory activities against two isoforms hCA I, hCA II, and antioxidant activity. (anadolu.edu.tr)
  • Some isoforms of these enzymes accelerate the hydration of CO2 and the dehydration of carbonic acid up to as million times. (revistadechimie.ro)
  • At least 14 different carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms were isolated in higher vertebrates, where these zinc enzymes play crucial physiological roles. (rhea-db.org)
  • Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) are widespread metalloenzymes all over the phylogenetic tree, with 16 different isoforms present in mammals. (pharmadvances.com)
  • Akin, Synthesis of 1, 2, 4-triazole-5-on derivatives and determination of carbonic anhydrase II isoenzyme inhibition effects, Bioorg. (dntb.gov.ua)
  • Sağlık, Synthesis, molecular docking analysis and carbonic anhydrase I-II inhibitory evaluation of new sulfonamide derivatives, Bioorg. (dntb.gov.ua)
  • But the non-specificity of sulphonamide derivatives to isozyme, leads to a range of side effects. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Overview of analysis favours substituents with high electronegativity and less bulk at R and R positions of the parent nucleus, provides a basis to design new Sulfamide derivatives possessing potent and selective carbonic anhydrase-II inhibitory activity. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Among these derivatives, compound 3 displayed the most potent antiproliferative activities (IC50: 0.65 mu M) against HT-29 cell line under hypoxia and low cytotoxicity (IC50: 78.0 mu M) toward normal cell line. (aminer.cn)
  • Ghorab, M.M., Ragab, F.A., Heiba, H.I., Arafa, R.K. and El-Hossary, E.M. (2011) Docking Study, in Vitro Anticancer Screening and Radiosensitizing Evaluation of Some New Fluorine-Containing Quinoline and Pyrimidoquinoline Derivatives Bearing a Sulfonamide Moiety. (scirp.org)
  • One hundred twenty-nine (129) bisindolylmethane derivatives (Schiff base, thiourea, sulfonamide, and hydrazone) and 43 flavone derivatives (hydrazone and ether) were synthesized, evaluated for various in vitro bioactivities, and analyzed through computational studies to identify possible inhibition mechanisms. (uitm.edu.my)
  • CAIs are sulfonamide derivatives that lower intraocular pressure (IOP) by decreasing aqueous humor formation. (entokey.com)
  • Subsequently, in the 1980s, Sugrue, 6 , 7 a pharmaceutical chemist working at Merck & Co., Inc., modified the chemical structure of a series of thienothiopyran-2-sulfonamide derivatives and discovered dorzolamide. (entokey.com)
  • Aydin, Synthesis of N-alkylated pyrazolo [3, 4-d] pyrimidine analogs and evaluation of acetylcholinesterase and carbonic anhydrase inhibition properties, Arch. (dntb.gov.ua)
  • Singh, Synthesis and carbonic anhydrase inhibition studies of sulfonamide based indole-1, 2, 3-triazole chalcone hybrids, Bioorg. (dntb.gov.ua)
  • The Carbonic anhydrase study combines topics in areas such as Carbonic Anhydrase IX, Pathogen, Chemical synthesis and Stereochemistry. (research.com)
  • Stanovnik, B. and Svete, J. (2004) Synthesis of Heterocycles from Alkyl 3-(Dimethylamino)Propenoates and Related Enaminones. (scirp.org)
  • The three Hats salts exhibited diuretic and anticonvulsant activities with little neurotoxicity. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • The diuretic effect depends on the inhibition of carbonic anhydrase, causing a reduction in the availability of hydrogen ions for active transport in the renal tubule lumen. (pharmfair.com)
  • Although these reactions can occur even without the enzyme, carbonic anhydrase can increase the rate of these conversions up to a million fold. (rcsb.org)
  • While most carbonic anhydrase isozymes are soluble and secreted, some are bound to the membranes of specific epithelial cells. (rcsb.org)
  • Several important physiological and physio-pathological functions are played by many CA isozymes, which are strongly inhibited by aromatic and heterocyclic sulfonamides as well as inorganic, metal complexing anions. (rhea-db.org)
  • Due to characteristic physicochemical properties of sulphonamide (Inhibition of Carbonic Anhydrase), they are clinically effective against glaucoma. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in this area appears to retard abnormal, paroxysmal, excessive discharge from central nervous system neurons. (nih.gov)
  • Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase II by steroidal and non-steroidal sulphamates. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Beta carbonic anhydrases (β-CAs) are considered promising targets of novel anthelminthics because these enzymes are present in various parasites, while completely absent in vertebrates. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Carbonic anhydrases (abbreviated as CAs) are zinc-containing enzymes (proteins) that are widespread in all living organisms for speeding up the slow reaction between two molecules in condensed phase (carbon dioxide and water) resulting in the formation of bicarbonate anions and protons (actually, hydronium cations): CO2 + H2O ' HCO3- + H+. (revistadechimie.ro)
  • Carbonic anhydrase from mammals belong to the alpha class, the plant enzymes belong to the beta class, while the enzyme from methane-producing archaea that grow in hot springs forms the gamma class. (rcsb.org)
  • PDB entries 1ca2 , 1ddz and 1thj , shown here from top to bottom, are examples of the alpha, beta and gamma carbonic anhydrase enzymes, respectively. (rcsb.org)
  • These drugs inhibit carbonic anhydrase (CA), one of the enzymes that regulate aqueous humor formation. (entokey.com)
  • Carbonic anhydrase plays an important role in bicarbonate reabsorption from the proximal tubule ( Ives, 2001 ). (aspetjournals.org)
  • An enzyme present in red blood cells, carbonic anhydrase, aids in the conversion of carbon dioxide to carbonic acid and bicarbonate ions. (rcsb.org)
  • In both land and water plants, carbonic anhydrase plays a role in converting bicarbonate ions back to carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. (rcsb.org)
  • Seawater calcium reacts with the bicarbonate produced by carbonic anhydrase from the coral polyps, forming calcium carbonate. (rcsb.org)
  • Carbonic anhydrase is an enzyme that assists rapid inter-conversion of carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid, protons and bicarbonate ions. (rcsb.org)
  • Since this enzyme produces and uses protons and bicarbonate ions, carbonic anhydrase plays a key role in the regulation of pH and fluid balance in different parts of our body. (rcsb.org)
  • CAs are efficient catalysts for the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and are inhibited by several classes of compounds such as the sulfonamides and their isosteres, sulfamates and sulfamides. (pharmadvances.com)
  • He studied carbonic anhydrase and other methods of acid secretion and bicarbonate resorption in many marine animals every summer in Maine for 40 years. (ufl.edu)
  • The result is lower blood pH (i.e., more acidic), given the increased carbonic acid, which has a reversible reaction into bicarbonate and a hydrogen ion. (statpearls.com)
  • The entire process of excretion inhibited by carbonic anhydrase is essentially working to acidify the urine and reabsorb bicarbonate. (statpearls.com)
  • The molecular structure of a new, tri-sulfonated porphyrin-labeled sulfonamide was determined using synchrotron X-ray crystallography. (bath.ac.uk)
  • A series of artemisinin-sulfonamide hybrids (1-16) have been designed and synthesized by using molecular hybridization approach and investigated for the inhibitory activity of four human (h) carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1), hCA I, II, IX and XII. (aminer.cn)
  • Molecular docking studies of compounds 3, 4, 5 and 9 revealed the proper interactions between the hybrid molecules and the active site of CA IX. (aminer.cn)
  • Among all the compounds, 4a (1.826 mu M), 4d (1.502 mu M), and 4g (1.886 mu M) are the most active hybrids against carbonic hCA II. (anadolu.edu.tr)
  • Among all the compounds, compound 3 (IC50: 5 nM) showed the best CA IX inhibitory efficacy. (aminer.cn)
  • All the results proved the effectiveness of the hybridization approach to develop novel artemisinin-sulfonamide compounds targeting CA IX for cancer treatment. (aminer.cn)
  • Furthermore, some other classes of compounds that interact with CAs have recently been discovered, some of which possess modified sulfonamide or hydroxamate moieties. (rhea-db.org)
  • Bioinformatic analyses using the Ensembl automatic analysis pipeline show that there are at least 14 carbonic anhydrase genes in the Anopheles gambiae genome, including a homologue to the GPI-linked gene product described herein. (silverchair.com)
  • Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (pharmfair.com)
  • Furosemide Syrup 1% has no inhibitory effect on carbonic anhydrase or aldosterone activity in the distal tubule. (drugs.com)
  • Carbonic anhydrase isoform XIV (CA XIV) is the last member of the human (h) CA family discovered so far, being localized in brain, kidneys, colon, small intestine, urinary bladder, liver, and spinal cord. (rcsb.org)
  • Carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the reaction involving the hydration of carbon dioxide and the dehydration of carbonic acid. (openanesthesia.org)
  • Carbon dioxide diffuses out of cells and is transported in blood in a few different ways: less than 10% dissolves in the blood plasma, about 20% binds to hemoglobin, while the majority of it (70%) is converted to carbonic acid to be carried to the lungs. (rcsb.org)
  • CA catalyzes the reversible reaction in which carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is hydrated (H 2 O) to form carbonic acid (H 2 CO 3 ) (i.e. (entokey.com)
  • That means this drug works to cause an accumulation of carbonic acid by preventing its breakdown. (statpearls.com)
  • Claudiu Supuran merged in his Thesis his early interest about carbonic anhydrase with my favorite class of aromatic heterocycles, pyrylium salts (six-membered rings in which one CH group of benzene is replaced by a positively-charged oxygen atom). (revistadechimie.ro)
  • 8 These zinc metalloenzymes are inhibited by aromatic sulfonamides containing an unsubstituted R-SO 2 -NH 2 group. (entokey.com)
  • Carbonic anhydrase is found in the proximal tubule of the nephron and red blood cells. (statpearls.com)
  • Carbonic anhydrase 7 (CA7) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CA7 gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Characterization of the human gene for a newly discovered carbonic anhydrase, CA VII, and its localization to chromosome 16" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
  • T2DM significantly decreased serum irisin concentrations and fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5)/irisin gene and protein expression levels in the rat heart, whereas exercise could rescue T2DM-reduced FNDC5/irisin expression. (bvsalud.org)
  • Additionally we take advantage of the recently published genome of the mosquito Anopheles gambiae to assess the complexity of the carbonic anhydrase gene family in these insects. (silverchair.com)
  • 3. Tanini D, Capperucci A, Supuran CT, Angeli A. (2019) Sulfur, selenium and tellurium containing amines act as effective carbonic anhydrase activators. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • 2006) Carbonic anhydrase activators. (guidetopharmacology.org)
  • He has included themes like Medicinal chemistry, Lyase, Carbonic anhydrase II, Transmembrane protein and Adduct in his Stereochemistry study. (research.com)
  • His Carbonic anhydrase research is multidisciplinary, incorporating elements of Cancer cell, Lyase, Combinatorial chemistry and Active site. (research.com)
  • Jean-Yves Winum mostly deals with Carbonic anhydrase, Biochemistry, Enzyme, Lyase and Cancer cell. (research.com)
  • Carbonic Anhydrase-II is an excellent approach in reducing elevated intraocular pressure, thus treating glaucoma. (eurekaselect.com)
  • abstract = "Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is currently generating great interest as a marker of tumour hypoxia and a potential chemotherapeutic target. (bath.ac.uk)
  • Carbonic anhydrases are a large family of zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. (wikipedia.org)
  • The result is renal loss of HCO 3 ion, which carries out sodium, water, and potassium. (nih.gov)
  • As shown in Table 1 , thiazide and loop diuretics, which carry as a common chemical characteristic a sulfamoyl group (sulfonamide diuretics), are weak organic acids. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Jean-Yves Winum interconnects Combinatorial chemistry, Pathogen, In vitro and Sulfonamide in the investigation of issues within Enzyme. (research.com)
  • By exploiting substrate promiscuity and protein engineering, the scope of reactions catalysed by native metalloenzymes has been expanded recently to include abiological transformations2,3. (ward-lab.ch)
  • Meanwhile, compound 3 was found to efficiently decrease the hypoxia-induced extracellular acidification in both cancer cells. (aminer.cn)
  • Any substitution onto the terminal amino group, such as occurs in the antibacterial sulfonamides, renders the compound impotent as a CAI. (entokey.com)
  • We report here that the previously described carbonic anhydrase from Aedes aegypti is similar to mammalian CA IV in that it is a GPI-linked peripheral membrane protein. (silverchair.com)
  • Mammalian carbonic anhydrases occur in about 10 slightly different forms depending upon the tissue or cellular compartment they are located in. (rcsb.org)
  • Comparative physiology gave him particular insight into the roles of carbonic anhydrase in humans, especially the secretion of cerebrospinal fluid. (ufl.edu)
  • Rather, it is a non-bacteriostatic sulfonamide possessing a chemical structure and pharmacological activity distinctly different from the bacteriostatic sulfonamides. (nih.gov)
  • Rather, it is a nonbacteriostatic sulfonamide possessing a chemical structure and pharmacological activity distinctly different from the bacteriostatic sulfonamides. (drugcite.com)
  • Therefore, as in mammals which similarly possess numerous carbonic anhydrase genes, insects require a large family of these genes to handle the complex metabolic pathways influenced by carbonic anhydrases and their substrates. (silverchair.com)
  • We have previously described the first cloning and partial characterization of carbonic anhydrase from larval Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. (silverchair.com)
  • Three acatalytic forms are also known, which are denominated CA related proteins (CARP), CARP VIII, CARP X, and CARP XI. (rhea-db.org)