GenesObservableSevereAnti-inflammatoryDiscriminateCliniciansNeuronalCharacterizeClinicalDistinctCharacteristicsPrevalenceFindings suggestRatsMutantMolecularBiomarkersMutationsShiftRoleLungOptimalSpeciesBacteriaDifferencesDiagnosisGeneticHumanBodyViewPatientsMainAnalysisEvidenceSkinDevelopCancerPaperProcessTypeAnimalsPatientSignificantTechnicalPopulationResults suggestAuthor
Genes5
- He points to the arbitrariness of restricting the idea of the phenotype to apply only to the phenotypic expression of an organism's genes in its own body. (wikipedia.org)
- Dawkins summarizes these ideas in what he terms the Central Theorem of the Extended Phenotype: Taking these three things together, we arrive at our own 'central theorem' of the extended phenotype: An animal's behaviour tends to maximize the survival of the genes "for" that behaviour, whether or not those genes happen to be in the body of the particular animal performing it. (wikipedia.org)
- Click "Phenotype Details" to view all phenotype annotations and evidence for this locus as well as phenotypes it shares with other genes. (yeastgenome.org)
- None of those identified t/rRNA modification genes was previously associated with any antibiotic resistance phenotype. (fems-microbiology.org)
- PURPOSE: Transformer2 proteins (Tra2α and Tra2ß) control splicing patterns in human cells, and no human phenotypes have been associated with germline variants in these genes. (bvsalud.org)
Observable2
- Phenotype annotations for a gene are curated single mutant phenotypes that require an observable (e.g., "cell shape"), a qualifier (e.g., "abnormal"), a mutant type (e.g., null), strain background, and a reference. (yeastgenome.org)
- PMDs may be indicative of underlying physiology linked to early menopause and VMS, suggesting a phenotype observable during the reproductive years that may allow clinicians to target women at risk of earlier menopause and subsequent health risks later in the life course," the authors write. (msdmanuals.com)
Severe3
- The knowledge of genotype-phenotype correlations may suggest prognostic factors associated with severe phenotypes. (iasp-pain.org)
- A, was identified in a girl with a severe phenotype overlapping RTT. (nih.gov)
- Treatment was mainly suggested for patients with moderate or severe movement disorders. (lu.se)
Anti-inflammatory2
- The skin clinical phenotypes of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) hypersensitivity (NH) are very heterogeneous with several syndromes after NSAID intake, which include different symptoms, different organ involvement and different associated concomitant diseases and possibly different underlying pathophysiology and mechanisms. (intechopen.com)
- It has been suggested that these cells are polarised in their immune responsiveness towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype. (europa.eu)
Discriminate1
- Introduced quantitative histogram features can discriminate phenotype heterogeneity from MRI images and thereby strengthen personalized medicine in GBM [ 12 ]. (hindawi.com)
Clinicians1
- Suggesting Reasonable Phenotypes to Clinicians. (uni-trier.de)
Neuronal1
- Neuronal hyperexcitability in Alzheimer's disease: what are the drivers behind this aberrant phenotype? (nature.com)
Characterize1
- We sought to characterize them as "biomarker phenotypes" and to conclude differences in their overall characteristics. (karger.com)
Clinical3
- Treatment modalities are depending on the clinical phenotypes of NH and they will embrace for each patient: the avoidance of culprit NSAID, the finding of well-tolerated NSAID and in certain cases, desensitization procedures when the NSAID treatment was absolutely needed as well as the control of associated diseases such as spontaneous chronic urticarial or allergic respiratory diseases. (intechopen.com)
- These results also suggest that mutations in CDKL5 can lead to a clinical phenotype that overlaps RTT. (nih.gov)
- Immunohistochemistry analyses of explanted livers identified two SAH phenotypes despite a similar clinical presentation, one with high intrahepatic neutrophils (Neuhi), but low levels of CD8+ T cells, and vice versa. (jci.org)
Distinct3
- We hypothesized the existence of distinct phenotype-based groups within the very heterogeneous population of patients of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and using an unsupervised hierarchical clustering applied to plasma concentration of various biomarkers. (karger.com)
- Nonetheless, distinct from hst mutants, homozygous and trans-heterozygous combinations of these tbx5a frameshift mutants do not readily manifest the stretched hst heart phenotype. (uzh.ch)
- In conclusion, two distinct histopathological phenotypes based on liver immune phenotyping are observed in SAH patients, suggesting a separate mechanism driving liver injury and/or failure in these patients. (jci.org)
Characteristics1
- Reproducible quantifiable imaging features of GBM heterogeneity that explicitly examine links between the imaging findings and the underlying GBM phenotypes characteristics are identified. (hindawi.com)
Prevalence3
- 0.001), higher prevalence of myocardial infarction ( p = 0.047), STEMI ( p = 0.045), atrial fibrillation ( p = 0.047), and anemia: lower erythrocytes count ( p = 0.037), hemoglobin concentration ( p = 0.034), and hematocrit ( p = 0.046), compared to "non-remodeled phenotype. (karger.com)
- The proposed electronic phenotype generates hypertension prevalence estimates that align with independent estimates from BRFSS. (cdc.gov)
- Epidemiological studies suggest that the prevalence and severity of obesity have increased to epidemic proportions worldwide, making it a global public health problem. (molvis.org)
Findings suggest3
- Taken together, these findings suggest a more benign phenotype in women with PD. (bmj.com)
- These findings suggest that the risk of bladder cancer from benzidine exposure is due to activation by N-acetylation. (cdc.gov)
- These findings suggest that the current cancer burden associated with adiposity and body size based on classic anthropometric traits is probably underestimated. (who.int)
Rats4
- Phenotyping of congenic dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DP4) deficient Dark Agouti (DA) rats suggests involvement of DP4 in neuro-, endocrine, and immune functions. (mcw.edu)
- In the present study, a novel congenic rat model of DP4 deficiency on a "DP4-high" DA rat genetic background was generated (DA.F344-Dpp4(m)/ SvH rats) and comprehensively phenotyped. (mcw.edu)
- Similar to chronic pharmacological inhibition of DP4, DP4 deficient rats exhibited a phenotype involving reduced diet-induced body weight gain and improved glucose tolerance associated with increased levels of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and bound leptin as well as decreased aminotransferases and triglycerides. (mcw.edu)
- The severity of retinal degeneration was greater in WNIN/GR-Ob rats compared to WNIN/Ob, suggesting a possible role for IGT in this model. (molvis.org)
Mutant2
- As Kcnc1 , but not Kcnc3 , alleles are lost, mutant mice exhibit increasing gait ataxia accompanied by spike broadening and deceleration in DCN neurons, suggesting the facet of coordination rescued by Purkinje-cell-restricted Kv3.3 restoration in mice lacking just Kcnc3 is hypermetria, while gait ataxia emerges when additionally Kcnc1 alleles are lost. (jneurosci.org)
- Our observation points out the importance and value of comparing phenotypes from different classes of mutant alleles per gene. (uzh.ch)
Molecular1
Biomarkers1
Mutations1
Shift2
- After the inflammation fades away, microglia shift into the alternative activated M2 phenotypes that play a role in neuroprotection. (frontiersin.org)
- This osteoblast phenotype shift further facilitates hydroxyapatite crystallization in the aortic valves,' they said. (medscape.com)
Role2
- It is postulated that this intermediate phenotype may play a major role in the remodelling of the airways in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease associated with persistence of adenovirus E1A DNA. (ersjournals.com)
- Collapsed brain ventricles in both Slc4a10-/- mice and affected individuals suggest an important role of SLC4A10 in the production of the CSF. (bvsalud.org)
Lung1
- E1A transfection results in the transformation of peripheral lung epithelial cells and normal lung fibroblasts to a phenotype intermediate between that of the two primary cells. (ersjournals.com)
Optimal1
- Then, we implemented the decision tree to define the optimal subset features of phenotype classifier. (hindawi.com)
Species2
- These behavioural modifications are not physically associated with individuals of the host species but influence the expression of its behavioural phenotype. (wikipedia.org)
- Through simulations, Chifman and her collaborators found that overexpression of Ras, a central species in the oncogenic pathway, led to a cancer phenotype in the iron homeostasis pathway. (american.edu)
Bacteria2
- Recent reports have suggested the use of tetracyclines, T tance in bacteria has been well documented as a serious sulfa drugs, cephalosporins, and penicillins to be a major fac- problem worldwide (1). (cdc.gov)
- These results thus suggest that bacteria can alter their RNA modification profiles according to antibiotic pressure. (fems-microbiology.org)
Differences1
- Indeed, some research suggests that educational and occupational differences between the darkest and lightest African Americans are nearly equal to the differences between whites and African Americans. (encyclopedia.com)
Diagnosis2
- In light of recent research indicating hyperexcitability could be a predictive marker of cognitive dysfunction, we further argue that the hyperexcitability phenotype could be leveraged to improve the diagnosis and treatment of AD, and present potential targets for future AD treatment development. (nature.com)
- In laboratory diagnosis, most microbiologic assays rely on a single phenotype to selectively isolate this pathogen. (cdc.gov)
Genetic2
- Increasingly, logistic regression methods for genetic association studies of binary phenotypes must be able to accommodate data sparsity, which arises from unbalanced case-control ratios and/or rare genetic variants. (karger.com)
- Our case report illustrates marked phenotype variability in two siblings with an identical genetic mutation of SMARD1, one of whom died of fulminant respiratory failure aged 6 months, whereas the other shows limb weakness but, only mild sleep hypoventilation aged 12 years. (nih.gov)
Human1
- [3] It has been suggested that sexual selection played a part in the evolution of the anatomically modern human brain, i.e. the structures responsible for social intelligence underwent positive selection as a sexual ornamentation to be used in courtship rather than for survival itself, [4] and that it has developed in ways outlined by Ronald Fisher in the Fisherian runaway model. (wikipedia.org)
Body1
- The book's main idea is that phenotype should not be limited to biological processes such as protein biosynthesis or tissue growth, but extended to include all effects that a gene has on its environment, inside or outside the body of the individual organism. (wikipedia.org)
View1
- The concept of extended phenotype has been generalized in an organism-centered view of evolution with the concept of niche construction, in the case where natural selection pressures can be modified by the organisms during the evolutionary process. (wikipedia.org)
Patients1
- RÉSUMÉ L'objectif de cette étude menée en Tunisie était de classifier le diabète débutant par une cétose chez des patients adultes. (who.int)
Main1
- Microglia may be divided into four main states or phenotypes. (frontiersin.org)
Analysis1
- According to the obtained heat map of this analysis, we concluded two distinctive biomarker phenotypes within the HFpEF. (karger.com)
Evidence1
- The changes that occur during adenoviral E1A transformation of primary guinea pig PLECs were also compared with those occurring during the transformation of the fibroblasts that frequently contaminate primary epithelial cultures, and evidence is presented that both cell types are transformed to an intermediate phenotype. (ersjournals.com)
Skin2
- A study published in 2006 suggested that the advantage of light skin disappeared for African American cohorts born in the mid-1940s, but it is not clear if these analyses included adequate controls for sample attrition where African Americans with darker skin and a lower socioeconomic status may have been lost to the study due to higher mortality. (encyclopedia.com)
- As a consequence of racial intermixture during the colonial era, phenotype in the contemporary Mexican-origin population ranges on a continuum from those who appear white to those who have dark skin, indigenous facial features, and shorter height than average. (encyclopedia.com)
Develop1
Cancer1
- We think probably this phenotype is very common in melanoma, pancreatic, and colon cancer," Dr. Fujita suggests. (genengnews.com)
Paper1
- In this paper, feature selection based on decision tree is examined to determine the relevant subset of glioblastoma (GBM) phenotypes in the statistical domain. (hindawi.com)
Process1
- On Improving the Phenotype Acquisition Process Using Semantic Web Technology. (uni-trier.de)
Type1
- One well known example of this second type of extended phenotype is the suicidal drowning of crickets infected by hairworm, a behaviour that is essential to the parasite's reproductive cycle. (wikipedia.org)
Animals1
- Findings from this study suggest antimicrobial resistance is widespread among E. coli O26, O103, O111, O128, and O145 inhabiting humans and food animals. (cdc.gov)
Patient1
- This study demonstrated the ability of statistical features to provide a quantitative, individualized measurement of glioblastoma patient and assess the phenotype progression. (hindawi.com)
Significant2
- A new study suggests that increased levels of serum phosphate, but not calcium or vitamin D, could be a significant risk factor for incident aortic stenosis (AS). (medscape.com)
- A protective but not significant association was found for slow acetylation phenotype. (cdc.gov)
Technical1
- A technical review of The Extended Phenotype in the Quarterly Review of Biology states that, it is an "interesting and thought provoking book, once one gets to the last five chapters. (wikipedia.org)
Population1
- The link between phenotype and socioeconomic status is also evident within the Mexican-origin population in the United States and Mexico. (encyclopedia.com)
Results suggest1
- Our results suggest that, in women, the development of symptomatic PD may be delayed by higher physiological striatal dopamine levels, possibly due to the activity of oestrogens. (bmj.com)
Author2
- The Extended Phenotype is a 1982 book by the evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins, in which the author introduced a biological concept of the same name. (wikipedia.org)
- The central thesis of The Extended Phenotype, and of its predecessor by the same author, The Selfish Gene, is that individual organisms are not the true units of natural selection. (wikipedia.org)