Sufficient apoptosis inducing factor. Medical search. Frequent questions

During hypoxia, an intricate balance exists between factors that induce or counteract apoptosis, or even stimulate proliferation. (bmj.com)
Acute leukemias induced by MLL chimeric oncoproteins are among the subset of cancers distinguished by a paradoxical dependence on GSK-3 kinase activity for sustained proliferation. (stanford.edu)
Many physiological processes, including proper tissue development and homeostasis, require a balance between apoptosis and cell 123653-11-2 manufacture proliferation. (bioinf.org)
Apoptosis and cell proliferation are linked by cell-cycle regulators and apoptotic stimuli that affect both processes. (bioinf.org)
A failure in regulating proliferation together with suppression of apoptosis are the 123653-11-2 manufacture minimal requirements for a cell to become cancerous [4]. (bioinf.org)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is involved in the growth of new blood vessels that feed tumors and kinesin spindle protein (KSP) plays a critical role in mitosis involving in cell proliferation. (biomedcentral.com)
It also exhibited greater suppression on cell proliferation as well as cell migration or invasion capabilities and induction of apoptosis in Hep3B cells than single siRNA simultaneously. (biomedcentral.com)
Silencing of VEGF and KSP plays a key role in inhibiting cell proliferation, migration, invasion and inducing apoptosis of Hep3B cells. (biomedcentral.com)
We examined Vav3 small interfering RNA (siRNA) effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis in docetaxel-treated LNCaP cells under chronic hypoxia (LNCaPH). (biomedcentral.com)
We examined individual and combined effects of Vav3 siRNA (si-Vav3) and docetaxel on cell growth and apoptosis under chronic hypoxia by cell proliferation, flow cytometric, DNA fragmentation, and immunoblot analyses. (biomedcentral.com)
Combined treatment with selumetinib and a dose of palbociclib sufficient to reinforce G1 arrest in selumetinib-sensitive cells, but not to impair proliferation of resistant cells, delays the emergence of resistant colonies, meaning that escape from G1 arrest is critical in the formation of resistant clones. (babraham.ac.uk)
The transplantation of iPSC-derived RPCs decreased the levels of biomarkers indicative of renal injury and attenuated the necrosis and apoptosis of renal tissues, but resulted in the up-regulation of renal tubules formation, cell proliferation, and the expression of pro-renal factors. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results revealed that iPSC-derived RPCs can protect AKI rat from renal function impairment and severe tubular injury by up-regulating the renal tubules formation, promoting cell proliferation, reducing apoptosis, and regulating the microenvironment in the injured kidney. (biomedcentral.com)
Gα12 couples to numerous G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and regulates multiple epithelial responses, including proliferation, apoptosis, permeability and the actin cytoskeleton. (medscape.com)
QLα12 LacZ+/Cre+ mice showed no changes in podocyte number, apoptosis, proliferation or Rho/Src activation. (medscape.com)
Specify the components and their interactions and set up cluding proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, embryonic the system of equations. (lu.se)

These findings suggest that CHOP is a fundamental factor that links protein misfolding in the ER to oxidative stress and apoptosis in β cells under conditions of increased insulin demand. (jci.org)
The p53 protein is a transcription factor that normally inhibits cell growth and stimulates cell death in response to myriad stressors, including DNA damage (induced by either UV or chemical agents such as hydrogen peroxide), oxidative stress, and deregulated oncogene expression [6-10]. (bioinf.org)
In addition, inflammation‑inflicted oxidative stress was induced in vitro by stimulating chondrocytes with H2O2. (spandidos-publications.com)
Objective In addition to oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis have an important role in the pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced kidney damage. (thieme-connect.com)
Previous studies have demonstrated that curcumin at a dose of 100 mg/kg orally in mice and 60 mg/kg in rats reduced concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and inhibited oxidative stress in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity [ 7 ] [ 8 ]. (thieme-connect.com)

Due to the pleiotropic effect of bortezomibenhanced TRAIL DISC formation upon TRAIL triggering, down-regulation of cFLIP L and activation of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway seem to cooperatively contribute to the antitumor effect of bortezomib/TRAIL cotreatment. (aacrjournals.org)
some treading the path of "apoptosis", others following a more generalized pathway to deletion, but both usually being genetically and synthetically motivated. (wikipedia.org)
These findings indicated that HIF-2α might play a critical role in VM and that HIF-2α and the pathway of HIF-2α inducing VM formation are potential therapeutic targets for pancreatic cancer. (oncotarget.com)
The PAH-induced death signaling pathway resembles the signaling cascade activated during clonal deletion and modeled by B cell receptor cross-linking or by dexamethasone exposure of immature surface Ig + B cells in that apoptosis is mediated by NF-κB down-regulation. (aai.org)
These results distinguish the PAH-induced apoptosis pathway from that activated during clonal deletion and indicate that signaling cascades leading to growth arrest and/or apoptosis in pro/pre-B cells differ from those active at later B cell developmental stages. (aai.org)
A second, potentially overlapping pathway, leading to anti-Ig-induced, immature B cell growth arrest and death, involves p53-dependent up-regulation of p21 WAF1 ( 8 ). (aai.org)
Drosopoulos KG, Roberts ML, Cermak L, Sasazuki T, Shirasawa S, Andera L, Pintzas A.: Transformation by oncogenic RAS sensitizes human colon cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by up-regulating death receptor 4 and death receptor 5 through a MEK-dependent pathway. (exbio.cz)
Conclusions These findings ascertained an conversation between p53, c-myc, p21, p27, Bcl-2, PI3K/Akt pathway, and CF-induced apoptosis in MSTO-211H and HCT-116 cells, suggesting that CF acts as an important regulator of cell growth in human malignancy cell lines. (bioinf.org)
However, BF + GCV only induced apoptosis via Fas/FasL signal pathway accompanied with increased P53 expression. (biomedcentral.com)
Interestingly, rbf1 -induced apoptosis leads to a debcl - and drp1 -dependent Reactive Oxygen Species production, which in turn activates the Jun Kinase pathway to trigger cell death. (sdbonline.org)
Unexpectedly, however, at later times (6 and 24 hours) NETs apparently triggered a cell death process in these APCs by a caspase- and Apoptosis induced factor (AIF)-dependent pathway, suggesting mitochondrial damage. (springeropen.com)
The signaling pathway is coupled to adenylate cyclase activation, induction of the Nur77 transcription factor, Nur77-dependent genes, such as Fas ligand and TRAIL, and the pro-apoptotic BH3-only protein Bim. (unideb.hu)
Furthermore, such approaches allow for predicting the Transforming Growth Factor b (TGF-b) pathway in quantities not yet measured. (lu.se)

Low ATP concentrations in hypoxic tumour cells disable the apoptotic cascade and induce cell death by necrosis. (bmj.com)
The antitumor effect of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in gliomas has thus far only been thoroughly established in tumor cell lines. (aacrjournals.org)
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (Apo2L/TRAIL) is a death receptor ligand that can induce apoptosis in a variety of cancer cell lines, including androgen-independent PC3 prostate carcinoma cells. (biomedcentral.com)
One agent that has received considerable attention as a novel apoptosis-inducing agent is tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL/Apo2L). (biomedcentral.com)
Necrosis is the death of a cell caused by external factors such as trauma or infection and occurs in several different forms. (wikipedia.org)
Most recently, other types of regulated necrosis have been discovered as well, which share several signaling events with necroptosis and apoptosis. (wikipedia.org)
Treatment of LNCaP cells with Nexrutine reduced tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced enzymatic as well as promoter activities of Cox-2. (nih.gov)
RT can directly induce cancer cell death through various mechanisms, such as apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. (nature.com)
The antibody LT95 reacts with an extracellular epitope on CD95 (Fas/APO-1), a 46 kDa single chain type I glycoprotein of the tumour necrosis factor/nerve growth factor (TNF/NGF) receptor superfamily, expressed on a variety of normal and neoplastic cells. (exbio.cz)
Hypoxic vascular endothelial cells activate white blood cells, which bind to the endothelium and release directly damaging substances (eg, reactive oxygen species, proteolytic enzymes) and inflammatory mediators (eg, cytokines, leukotrienes, tumor necrosis factor). (msdmanuals.com)

A hypoxic environment devoid of nutrients prevents the cell undergoing energy dependent apoptosis and cells become necrotic. (bmj.com)
Cells adapt to this environmental stress, so that after repeated periods of hypoxia, selection for resistance to hypoxia induced apoptosis occurs. (bmj.com)
3- 5 Therefore, during severe hypoxia or anoxia, the cell initiates a cascade of events that leads to apoptotic cell death, thereby preventing the accumulation of cells with hypoxia induced mutations. (bmj.com)
7 Severe hypoxia in the presence of energy stimulates cells to undergo apoptosis, whereas oxygen levels above 0.5% prevent cell death. (bmj.com)
We isolated primary tumor cells from 13 astrocytoma and oligoastrocytoma patients of all four WHO grades of malignancy and compared the levels of TRAIL-induced apoptosis induction, long-term tumor cell survival, caspase, and caspase target cleavage. (aacrjournals.org)
The progression from insulin resistance to type 2 diabetes is caused by the failure of pancreatic β cells to produce sufficient levels of insulin to meet the metabolic demand. (jci.org)
Moreover, the upregulation of HIF-2α in SW1990 cells induced VM formation, whereas the opposite results were found after silencing HIF-2α in AsPC-1 cells. (oncotarget.com)
RT-induced damage to cancer cells leads to different outcomes, such as survival, senescence, or death. (nature.com)
Because a PAH-induced, clonally nonrestricted deletion of B cells would have important implications for B cell repertoire development, the nature of the PAH-induced intracellular death signal was studied further. (aai.org)
As in clonal deletion models, and as predicted by the down-regulation of NF-κB, PAH-induced death of pro/pre-B cells was at least partially dependent on c-Myc down-regulation. (aai.org)
Treatment of WEHI-231 cells with Ig-specific antisera leads to growth arrest in the late G 1 phase of cell cycle concomitant with NF-κB inactivation, NF-κB-mediated c-Myc down-regulation, p27 Kip1 up-regulation, and apoptosis ( 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 ). (aai.org)
ROS production alone was not sufficient for apoptosis induction but may play a critical role in sensitizing cancer cells for apoptosis and therapy. (fu-berlin.de)
Apoptosis (programmed cell death) occurs in a wide variety of physiological NIK settings, where its role is to remove harmful, damaged or unwanted cells. (bioinf.org)
Low levels of pyruvate induced by a positive feedback loop protects cholangiocarcinoma cells from apoptosis. (cancerindex.org)
Oncogenic mutations or abnormal expression of signaling components disrupt the regulatory networks that govern cell function, thus enabling tumor cells to undergo dysregulated mitogenesis, to resist apoptosis, and to promote invasion to neighboring tissues. (eurekaselect.com)
The Vav family of Rho/Rac guanosine nucleotide exchange factors comprises three members in mammalian cells. (biomedcentral.com)
To clarify the molecular basis of si-Vav3- and docetaxel-induced apoptosis, we analyzed alterations in phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, extracellular signal-regulate kinase (ERK), c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and AR pathways using kinase inhibitors in LNCaPH cells. (biomedcentral.com)
In addition to increased B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) phosphorylation through JNK signaling in response to docetaxel, si-Vav3 enhanced docetaxel-induced apoptosis, as characterized by the accumulation of sub-G1 phase cells and DNA fragmentation, through Bcl-xL/Bcl-2-associated death promoter (Bad) dephosphorylation, resulting in increased caspase-9, caspase-3, and cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activation. (biomedcentral.com)
Interrupting Vav3 signaling enhances docetaxel-induced apoptosis in LNCaP cells under chronic hypoxia by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt, ERK, and AR signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
We found that the sole presence of N-cad induces constitutively active fibroblast growth factor (Fgf) signaling and a precocious involution resulting in massive apoptosis of alveolar cells. (biomedcentral.com)
However, from the beginning of puberty after thymus degeneration, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) persists due to the chronic activation of cytomegalovirus in humans causing repeated activation of T cells, which is considered the driving factor of human immune aging [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
One method is to target senescent T cells which have selective apoptosis function. (hindawi.com)
Reprogramming is a promising treatment, which redifferentiates T-induced pluripotent stem cells (T-IPSCs) into naïve and cytotoxic T cells or dedifferentiates within their own lineage [ 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
Our results would suggest that early in inflammation, NETs can activate the two main APCs (Mfs and cDCs), but as the process continues, NETs can then initiate apoptosis of these cells through mitochondrial harm. (springeropen.com)
Embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are also utilized for AKI recovery. (biomedcentral.com)
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a type of newly defined stem cell with properties similar to those of ESCs in terms of self-renewal and differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
however, in an environment where up to 95% of the cells undergo programmed cell death, a sufficient amount of adenosine is accumulated to trigger cell surface adenosine receptors. (unideb.hu)
Anti-apoptotic signals induced downstream of HER2 are known to contribute to the resistance to current treatments of breast cancer cells that overexpress this member of the EGFR family. (biomedcentral.com)
We show that the depletion of Mcl-1 is sufficient to induce apoptosis in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. (biomedcentral.com)
A successful therapy must therefore eliminate these cells known to be highly resistant to apoptosis. (hindawi.com)
In this paper, we describe the metabolic changes as well as the mechanisms of resistance to apoptosis occurring in cancer cells and cancer stem cells, underlying the connection between these two processes. (hindawi.com)
In normal cells, the fate of pyruvate depends on many factors, one of which is oxygen availability. (hindawi.com)
In contrast, cancer cells shift their metabolism toward lactate production even in the presence of oxygen [ 4 ], partly through genetic modifications that stabilize the transcription factor Hypoxia Inducible Factor (HIF) involved in the adaptation of the cells to hypoxia, under nonhypoxic conditions as well as generating an adaptive response to the hypoxic microenvironment (Figure 1 ). (hindawi.com)
However, this self-sufficient mechanism that enables recovery from hypoxia, can also be used by tumour cells enabling continued growth. (bhdsyndrome.org)
Over the last few decades, it has been studied that the mechanisms of cisplatin-induced kidney damage are complex and involved numerous cellular and molecular processes including inflammation, apoptosis, accumulation of cisplatin in renal tubular cells via renal drug transporters, Ctr1 and OCT2, and involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathways [ 3 ] [ 4 ]. (thieme-connect.com)
These immunologically active cells are not present in sufficient numbers to be directly responsible for epithelial cell death. (medscape.com)
Instead, they release diffusable cytokines, which mediate the inflammatory reaction and resultant apoptosis of epithelial cells. (medscape.com)
The experiments consist of kinetic (time- kinetic data is typically not sufficient to constrain the course) measurements after TGF-b stimulation under differ- parameter values to a single optimal solution, and multiple ent conditions: untreated cells and three cases in which parameter sets can explain the available data. (lu.se)
In other cells, apoptosis may be augmented, increasing cell death and thus worsening organ function. (msdmanuals.com)

The key regulator of this process, hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), can initiate apoptosis by inducing high concentrations of proapoptotic proteins, such as BNIP3, and can cause stabilisation of p53. (bmj.com)

Besides its roles in induction of apoptosis, Fas also triggers pro-inflammatory cytokine responses. (exbio.cz)

Apoptosis can be induced in response to hypoxia. (bmj.com)

In vitro , TRAIL-mediated apoptosis of prostate cancer cell lines can be enhanced by doxorubicin and correlates with the downregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein c-FLIP. (biomedcentral.com)
TRAIL induces apoptosis in a variety of cell lines in vitro and in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)
In this study, we investigated HIF-2α expression and VM by immunohistochemistry in 70 pancreatic cancer patients as well as the role of Twist1and Twist2 in HIF-2α-induced VM in vitro and in vivo . (oncotarget.com)

Moreover, induced Akt activity (p-AKT) (due to overexpression) is sufficient to block apoptosis triggered by many death stimuli [5]. (bioinf.org)
To block apoptosis, we conditionally deleted one allele of p53 in Ncadk.i. mice and observed a temporal rescue of alveolar morphology and function. (biomedcentral.com)

Impeded apoptosis was overcome in combinations with agonistic CD95 antibody or TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), resulting in up to 60% apoptosis and almost complete loss of cell viability. (fu-berlin.de)

sometimes referred to as cellular suicide) is the death of a cell as a result of events inside of a cell, such as apoptosis or autophagy. (wikipedia.org)
Apoptosis and autophagy are both forms of programmed cell death. (wikipedia.org)
The results suggested that BF-rTK + GCV induced tumor apoptosis without autophagy and necroptosis occurrence. (biomedcentral.com)
BF-rTK + GCV induced tumor apoptosis mediated by FasL and TNFR2 through the mitochondrial control of apoptosis via Bid and Bim without inducing necroptosis and autophagy. (biomedcentral.com)

The apoptosis was transduced by multiple signaling pathways mediated by FasL and TNFR2 and mainly activated the mitochondrial control of apoptosis via Bid and Bim, which was rescued by silencing Bid or/and Bim . (biomedcentral.com)
E-cad and N-cad have been shown to be able to interact with the receptors of different growth factors, which suggests that cadherins are involved in the modulation of signaling pathways. (biomedcentral.com)
Collectively our data demonstrate that adenosine-induced cell death involves signaling pathways originally found in negative selection of thymocytes and suggest a determining role of Bim and a regulatory role for Nur77. (unideb.hu)
Current evidence indicates that, through either of these pathways, HER2 signaling can regulate c-Myc, a multifunctional transcription factor involved in cell cycle progression (see [ 4 ] and references therein). (biomedcentral.com)
has identified a second, HIF-independent, hypoxia response which can modify cell survival and growth signalling pathways - the lactate-induced activation of NDRG3 -mediated signalling. (bhdsyndrome.org)
We hypothesized that podocytes are susceptible to filtered plasma components, including hormones and growth factors that stimulate signaling pathways leading to glomerulosclerosis. (medscape.com)

and that vitamin D reduces amyloid-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in primary cortical neurons. (atlaschiro.com)
We found that EPO time and dose-dependently induced protection against OGD in rat primary cortical neurons. (jneurosci.org)

The Drosophila retinoblastoma protein, Rbf1, induces a debcl and drp1 -dependent mitochondrial apoptosis. (sdbonline.org)
This study demonstrates that debcl and the pro-fission gene drp1 are necessary downstream of buffy to trigger a mitochondrial fragmentation during rbf1 -induced apoptosis. (sdbonline.org)
Notably, Debcl modulates Drp1 mitochondrial localization during apoptosis. (sdbonline.org)
These results provide a mechanism by which Drosophila Bcl-2 family proteins can control apoptosis and shed light on a link between Rbf1 and mitochondrial dynamics, in vivo. (sdbonline.org)
Countering NADH production, calcium action on the mitochondrial permeability transition pores increases inner membrane permeability thereby reducing proton potential, causing the matrix to swell and ultimately releasing cytochrome c (an initiator of apoptosis). (benbest.com)

2 In addition, hypoxia induces genetic instability by the induction of fragile sites causing gene amplification. (bmj.com)

Chronic ER stress promotes apoptosis, at least in part through the UPR-induced transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). (jci.org)
Using the Snail family as an example we LY2603618 (IC-83) discuss the concepts of functional redundancy and strategies employed to assay transcription factor families for "intra-member" compensation. (bioinf.org)
p53 is a transcription factor that plays an important role in preventing cancer development. (molvis.org)
These are frequently activated by fusion to other transcriptional proteins resulting in chimeric transcription factors. (stanford.edu)
Histone acetylation/deacetylation alters chromosome structure and affects transcription factor access to DNA. (cancerindex.org)
It may participate in the regulation of transcription through its binding with the zinc-finger transcription factor YY1. (cancerindex.org)
In astrocytes the OGD enhanced the nuclear translocation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), the major transcription factor regulating EPO expression. (jneurosci.org)
HFHS + CE mice had lower hepatic diacylglycerols and triacylglycerols content and reduced expression of key lipogenic transcription factors. (researchgate.net)

Apoptosis is initiated by binding to receptors DR4/DR5 (TRAIL-R1, 2), which is followed by assembly of the death inducing signaling complex and activation of caspase-8. (biomedcentral.com)
The apoptosis inhibitor c-FLIP is structurally similar to caspase-8 but lacks the cysteine residue essential for catalytic activity. (biomedcentral.com)
Proapoptotic caspase cascades were activated, and apoptosis was suppressed by caspase inhibition. (fu-berlin.de)

In both genetic and diet-induced models of insulin resistance, CHOP deficiency improved β cell ultrastructure and promoted cell survival. (jci.org)
There is some evidence that certain symptoms of "apoptosis" such as endonuclease activation can be spuriously induced without engaging a genetic cascade, however, presumably true apoptosis and programmed cell death must be genetically mediated. (wikipedia.org)
Studies of the prevalence of autoimmune disease in monozygotic twins show that genetic as well as environmental factors (such as infection) are necessary for the disease to develop ( 6 ). (cdc.gov)
Genetic factors are important in the development of autoimmune disease, since such diseases develop in certain strains of mice (e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus or lupus in MRL mice) without any apparent infectious environmental trigger. (cdc.gov)
There is evidence that, although incidence is almost always associated with environmental factors such as smoking or occupational exposure, susceptibility has a genetic component with early onset lung cancer following Mendelian inheritance. (bmj.com)
Previously, classical genetic studies involving cross breeding of mouse strains with differing susceptibilities have identified chromosomal areas associated with predisposition to developing spontaneous and chemically induced lung adenomas. (bmj.com)
e.g. inflammation, genotoxicity, and This chapter focuses on issues as- ellers, growth factors, growth factor epigenetic alterations) and can have sociated with the understanding and receptors, signal transducers, and both genetic and epigenetic origins. (who.int)

In this context, it is important to underline that the inhibitory effect of the anti-P-selectin ab on BDL-induced accumulation of leukocytes in sinusoids is likely to be an indirect effect, that is convincing data have shown that P-selectin is not expressed in sinusoidal endothelium (Steinhoff et al. (micrornamimic.com)

Usage of the murine IL-3 dependent Baf3 Pro-B cell line exhibited that overexpression of Snai2 was sufficient to confer resistance to apoptosis induced by growth factor withdrawal which was accompanied by exit from the cell cycle [21]. (bioinf.org)
One such entity is the so-called HER2 subtype, which is characterized by amplification and/or overexpression of this member of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family. (biomedcentral.com)

Regardless of the tumor heterogeneity, cotreatment with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib efficiently sensitized all primary glioma samples for TRAIL-induced apoptosis and tremendously reduced their clonogenic survival. (aacrjournals.org)
Cultured neurons express EpoR, and the Janus kinase-2 (JAK-2) inhibitor AG490 abolished EPO-induced tolerance against OGD. (jneurosci.org)

It seems that the antibody LT95 does not induce Fas mediated apoptosis, although it cross-blocks anti-Fas DX2 antibody that recognizes a functional epitope of Fas molecule. (exbio.cz)
The tumor tissues were analyzed using apoptosis antibody arrays, real time PCR and western blot. (biomedcentral.com)
A colorectal cancer model was used to decipher the molecular mechanism of BF-rTK + GCV (bifidobacterial recombination thymidine kinase/ganciclovir) using a human apoptosis antibody array kit in a murine cancer model in vivo . (biomedcentral.com)

This in turn leads to a reduction in growth factor signaling, vascular perturbations, and inflammation. (nature.com)
This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of protective effects of curcumin against cisplatin-induced kidney inflammation and apoptosis in rats. (thieme-connect.com)
Pre-treatment with curcumin significantly ameliorated inflammation and apoptosis induced by cisplatin. (thieme-connect.com)
These pro- has been implicated as contributing apoptosis, inflammation, and several liferating cel s replace dead cel s to the cancer phenotype, through pleiotropic responses. (who.int)

Understanding the regulation of apoptosis during hypoxia and the mechanisms of resistance to apoptosis might lead to more specific treatments for solid tumours. (bmj.com)
Suggested biological mechanisms for the beneficial effects of caloric restriction include decreased circulating levels of growth factors, anabolic hormones, and cytokines. (nature.com)
Danger signal evoked in the brain by the stressing preconditioning stimulus induces complex endogenous protective mechanisms resulting to a latent protective phenotype. (biomedcentral.com)
CF treatment on leukemia cell lines induces cell death due to apoptotic mechanisms and altering 123653-11-2 manufacture cell metabolism through HIF-1 and GLUT-1 regulation [3]. (bioinf.org)
More often, many different microorganisms have been associated with a single autoimmune disease, which indicates that more than one infectious agent can induce the same disease through similar mechanisms ( Table ) ( 9 ). (cdc.gov)
However, the molecular mechanisms behind the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of curcumin in the cisplatin-induced kidney damage have not been explored. (thieme-connect.com)
Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the possible molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of curcumin in cisplatin-induced kidney damage. (thieme-connect.com)
[ 1 ] Although risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes are linked to CKD, little is known about the signaling mechanisms that lead to progression with aging. (medscape.com)

In regards to cancer progression Snai2 and Snai1 are most commonly identified for their ability to induce epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) resulting in a more migratory and invasive LY2603618 (IC-83) cancer phenotype. (bioinf.org)
Hypoxia and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induce VM formation by remodeling the extracellular matrix. (oncotarget.com)
In this study, we induced iPSCs differentiation into RPCs using a nephrogenic cocktail of factors combined with the renal epithelial cell growth medium. (biomedcentral.com)
We showed that the differentiation efficiency of iPSCs to RPCs increased when cultured with renal epithelial cell growth medium after stimulation with a nephrogenic cocktail of factors. (biomedcentral.com)

Brain metastases are refractory to therapies that control systemic disease in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2+) breast cancer, and the brain microenvironment contributes to this therapy resistance. (bvsalud.org)

Apoptosis regulatory proteins are delicately balanced. (bmj.com)
TRAIL receptor (DR5) and proapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins (Puma and Bad) were upregulated, while anti-apoptotic factors (survivin, XIAP, cFLIP, Mcl-1, and Bcl-w) were downregulated. (fu-berlin.de)
Both proteins can localize at the mitochondrion , but the way they control apoptosis still remains unclear. (sdbonline.org)
The same disease can be induced by injecting mice with heart proteins mixed with adjuvant(s), which indicates that an active infection is not necessary for the development of autoimmune disease. (cdc.gov)
The mTOR signaling complex 1 (mTORC1) helps maintaining protein synthesis through phosphorylation of at least two direct targets, eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E-binding proteins (4E-BPs) and ribosomal protein S6 kinases (S6Ks) [ 3 ] that regulate the activity of EIF4F, a heterotrimeric complex required for the cap-dependent ribosome recruitment phase of translation initiation. (biomedcentral.com)

Stimulation of CD95 results in aggregation of its intracellular death domains, formation of the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) and activation of caspases. (exbio.cz)
Park DR, Thomsen AR, Frevert CW, Pham U, Skerrett SJ, Kiener PA, Liles WC: Fas (CD95) induces proinflammatory cytokine responses by human monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages. (exbio.cz)

It is hypothesized that necroptosis can serve as a cell-death backup to apoptosis when the apoptosis signaling is blocked by endogenous or exogenous factors such as viruses or mutations. (wikipedia.org)

Here we show that accumulated adenosine can induce apoptosis in immature mouse thymocytes, mostly via adenosine A(2A) receptors. (unideb.hu)

Here, we found that ICBs induce cerebral edema in some patients and mice with glioblastoma. (bvsalud.org)
Used in lieu of immunosuppressive corticosteroids, the angiotensin receptor blocker losartan prevented this ICB-induced edema and reprogrammed the tumor microenvironment, curing 20% of mice which increased to 40% in combination with standard of care treatment. (bvsalud.org)
However, in an mdm2 null background, just one allele of Tg p53 ( mdm2 −/− /Tg p53 t/0 mice) was sufficient to cause lens damage and microphthalmia. (molvis.org)

Neutrophil apoptosis may be inhibited, enhancing the release of inflammatory mediators. (msdmanuals.com)

A diverse range of physiological stimuli induce Akt kinase activity, including many trophic factors which promote survival, at least in part, through Akt activation via the phosphatidylinositide 3-OH kinase 123653-11-2 manufacture (PI3K) signaling cascade. (bioinf.org)
PI3K deactivates BAD via Akt-mediated phosphorylation and thus may inhibit hypoxia-induced apoptosis in neurons. (jneurosci.org)
PI3K is activated by growth factors resulting in, among others, the activation of Akt and mTOR. (hindawi.com)

A critical role in these processes was confirmed when reduction in NDRG3 abolished the hypoxia-induced expression of pro-angiogenic factors, increased cellular apoptosis under prolonged hypoxia and decreased tumour cell growth. (bhdsyndrome.org)

9 ] reported curcumin administration provided protection against cisplatin-induced renal tubular cell apoptosis. (thieme-connect.com)

Interrupting Vav3 signaling using siRNA enhanced docetaxel-induced cell growth suppression compared with that induced by docetaxel alone by inhibition of Akt and ERK phosphorylation, resulting in AR phosphorylation inhibition. (biomedcentral.com)
Of our identified host factors, 54 significantly alter IAV infection upon siRNA knockdown, and two factors, AHNAK and coatomer subunit COPB1, are also essential for productive infection by SARS-CoV-2. (cdc.gov)

We analyzed several knockout and transgenic mouse lines and found that adenosine-induced killing of mouse thymocytes requires Bim, occurs independently of "death receptor" signaling and is inhibited by Bcl-2 and Nur77. (unideb.hu)

We previously showed that blocking vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling can normalize tumor vessels in murine and human tumors, including GBM, breast, liver, and rectal carcinomas. (bvsalud.org)
This work establishes that, in HER2-overexpressing tumors, it is necessary, and maybe sufficient, to therapeutically impact on the Mcl-1/Bim balance for efficient induction of cancer cell death. (biomedcentral.com)

The concept of "programmed cell-death" was used by Lockshin & Williams in 1964 in relation to insect tissue development, around eight years before "apoptosis" was coined. (wikipedia.org)
Apoptosis or Type I cell-death. (wikipedia.org)
Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death (PCD) that may occur in multicellular organisms. (wikipedia.org)
Finally, in contrast to clonal deletion, PAH-induced pro/pre-B cell death was not dependent on p27 Kip1 or p21 WAF1 up-regulation but did coincide with p53 induction. (aai.org)

TRAIL is a type II membrane protein that can induce apoptosis by binding to death domain containing receptors DR4 and DR5 [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

It is also becoming clear that mitosis and apoptosis are toggled or linked in some way and that the balance achieved depends on signals received from appropriate growth or survival factors. (wikipedia.org)
The cellular factor which promotes centriole-disengagement at the end of mitosis would therefore constitute the licensing factor [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Restoration aims to reverse the degeneration of thymus by the combination of bioengineered thymus organoids and growth-promoting factors or cytokines such as IL-21, which may restore and stabilize the thymus environment. (hindawi.com)
Some of these mediators bind to cell surface receptors and activate nuclear factor kappa B (NF κ B), which leads to production of additional cytokines and nitric oxide (NO), a potent vasodilator. (msdmanuals.com)

Subsequent activation of caspases-3/7 (in a mitochondria-dependent or independent fashion) leads to execution of apoptosis [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In the absence of ischemic preconditioning (IPC), MCAO induces a large infarction (ischemia-sensitive phenotype). (biomedcentral.com)

The directed expression of Buffy in the dopamine producing neurons, via aDdc-Gal4 transgene, resulted in flies with increased climbing ability and enhanced survival, while the inhibition of Buffy in the dopaminergic neurons reduced climbing ability over time prematurely, similar to the phenotype observed in the alpha-synuclein-induced Drosophila model of PD. (sdbonline.org)
inhibition of Wnt/β‑catenin, using the antagonist ICG‑001, prevented exosome‑induced chondrogenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)

Anatomy31

Organisms9

Diseases12

Chemicals and Drugs134

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment18

Phenomena and Processes51

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Proliferation16

Oxidative stress5

Pathway13

Necrosis10

Cells39

Initiate apoptosis1

Induction of apoptosis1

Response to hypoxia1

Vitro3

Block apoptosis2

Ligand1

Autophagy4

Pathways6

Primary cortical neurons2

Mitochondrial5

Causing gene1

Transcription8

Caspase3

Genetic7

Accumulation1

Overexpression2

Inhibitor2

Antibody3

Inflammation4

Mechanisms8

Epithelial4

Resistance1

Proteins5

CD952

Necroptosis1

Immature1

Mice3

Neutrophil1

PI3K3

Hypoxia1

Renal1

SiRNA2

Occurs1

Tumors2

Cell death4

TRAIL1

Mitosis2

Cytokines2

Activation1

Ischemic1

Inhibition2