Successfully cloning cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Sir Ian Wilmut, the scientist who led the team that cloned Dolly the sheep in 1996, has died at 79. (yahoo.com)
Dolly was the first successful cloning of a mammal from an adult somatic cell, demonstrating the viability of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). (yahoo.com)
A year before Dolly, he successfully cloned two lambs (Megan and Morag) whose cells were taken from sheep embryos. (yahoo.com)
While Dolly proved that cells could be used to create a copy of the animal they came from, Wilmut's next experiment proved that they could also be altered. (yahoo.com)
When the world learned in 1997 of Dolly the sheep, the first clone produced from an adult mammal, a broad public discussion about the ethics of human cloning ensued, largely focused on the nature, meaning, and future of human procreation. (thenewatlantis.com)
Dolly, a Finn Dorset sheep, was introduced to the public in 1997 after scientists at the Roslin Institute at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland implanted the cell nucleus from a sheep into an egg that was subsequently fertilized to create a clone. (pewresearch.org)
1 No one has ever cloned a human being , though scientists have cloned animals other than Dolly , including dogs, pigs, cows, horses and cats. (pewresearch.org)
Still, a majority of adults (60%) say cloning animals like Dolly is morally wrong, compared with 34% who say it's morally acceptable. (pewresearch.org)
Several western scientists have been conducting their research in Asian countries in the past few years, including Cibelli, formerly of Advanced Cell Technology, an early U.S. pioneer of embryo research, as well as Alan Colman, now located in Singapore, one of the scientists who helped create the first mammalian clone, the sheep Dolly. (publicintegrity.org)
Those were side effects during the process that led to the cloning of Dolly the sheep. (wtnnews.com)
But it was the successful cloning of Dolly the Sheep in 1996 that made waves around the world for she was the first mammal to be created using the procedure. (nyln.org)
Even the world's most famous sheep clone, Dolly, who died recently suffered from problems linked to this gene. (irfi.org)
It seems that a little knowledge is a dangerous thing, and the authors have allowed themselves to over-interpretate their interesting results,' said Professor Ian Wilmut of the Roslin Institute, in Edinburgh, leader of the team, which cloned Dolly the sheep. (irfi.org)
Researchers have been hoping to harness the therapeutic potential of cloning ever since the cloning of Dolly the sheep in 1997. (nih.gov)
When an embryo like this is implanted into a uterus, as with Dolly, the process is called reproductive cloning. (nih.gov)
Professor Sir Ian Wilmut was part of a team at the Roslin Institute at the University of Edinburgh which successfully cloned Dolly in 1996. (stv.tv)
Tributes have been paid to the scientist who led the team which cloned Dolly the sheep 27 years ago after he died at the age of 79. (stv.tv)
Dolly was the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell, but not the first ever sheep to be cloned. (stv.tv)
Prof Wilmut hoped cloning would mean no species became extinct - but Dolly also helped to pioneer stem cell research. (stv.tv)
Scientists named Dolly after singer Dolly Parton, because she was cloned using a cell from the mammary gland of a six-year-old Dorset Finn ewe, and she was kept a secret for the first months of her life. (stv.tv)
Ian led the research team that produce the first cloned mammal in Dolly. (stv.tv)
He was a titan of the scientific world, leading the Roslin Institute team who cloned Dolly the sheep - the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell - which transformed scientific thinking at the time. (stv.tv)
Although many species produce clonal offspring in this fashion, Dolly, the lamb born in 1996 at a research institute in Scotland, was the first asexually produced mammalian clone. (who.int)
Somatic-cell nuclear transfer, the technique by which Dolly was created, was first used 40 years ago in research with tadpoles and frogs. (who.int)

An Australian ban on therapeutic cloning was lifted in December 2006 after a long debate in Federal parliament. (bioedge.org)
Robert P. Lanza of Advanced Cell Technology claimed his project is "proof of the principle that 'therapeutic cloning' can work. (wnd.com)
Therapeutic cloning, known as "clone and kill" because the embryo is not transplanted into a surrogate mother for development, is favored by many scientists. (wnd.com)
Therapeutic cloning, as distinct from reproductive cloning, will lead to unprecedented medical advances, say researchers. (wnd.com)
The human embryo is cloned, then used only for research or therapeutic treatments. (wnd.com)
Sen. Sam Brownback, R-Kan., is the sponsor of a bill, S. 1899, that provides a comprehensive ban on human cloning, both "therapeutic" cloning and reproductive cloning. (wnd.com)
Other policy options, such as supposed compromises that would prohibit "reproductive cloning" but permit "therapeutic cloning" by prohibiting not the act of creating a cloned embryo but the act of transferring a cloned embryo to a woman's uterus, would inherently mandate the wide-scale destruction of human embryos. (thenewatlantis.com)
He was the first to appreciate the therapeutic potential of stem cell therapy and has pioneered its development. (brandeis.edu)
A growing number of U.S. legislators seem prepared to support research on therapeutic cloning. (publicintegrity.org)
While use of therapeutic cloning to produce "replacement" body parts is possible, the grand opening of "Body Parts 'R Us" is years and probably decades away. (wtnnews.com)
But cloning for therapeutic reasons - meaning, carefully regulated research into disease using human embryonic embryos - is an entirely different matter. (wtnnews.com)
What's new is therapeutic cloning of human stem cells. (wtnnews.com)
Therapeutic cloning isn't being done in Wisconsin today, but Doyle wisely refused to cut off the possibility it might someday happen. (wtnnews.com)
Certainly, it's being done in South Korea and the United Kingdom, where therapeutic cloning was protected four years ago. (wtnnews.com)
In another strategy, called therapeutic cloning, the embryo can instead be used to create stem cells that are genetically identical to a patient. (nih.gov)
Therapeutic cloning has garnered a great deal of attention over the past few years, but until now it had only been achieved in the mouse. (nih.gov)
Their report, published in the same issue of the journal, confirms that therapeutic cloning has now been accomplished in primates for the first time. (nih.gov)
Although this study proves that the therapeutic cloning of primates is possible, there are still many hurdles to be overcome. (nih.gov)
The technique, scientists say, was not designed to clone humans but to advance the understanding of the process known as therapeutic cloning, which could lead to treatment of diseases like diabetes and Parkinson's disease. (cnn.com)
KAGAN: Supporters of therapeutic cloning say it holds tremendous promise of medical research, but ethical concerns arise because the research destroys human embryos. (cnn.com)
These anti-CD79 mAbs show therapeutic potential to induce reversible inhibition of BCR signaling and B cell function. (nationaljewish.org)
Direct neuronal reprogramming of a somatic cell into therapeutic neurons, without a transient pluripotent state, provides new promise for the large number of individuals afflicted by neurodegenerative diseases or brain injury. (lu.se)

The Threat of Human Cloning concludes by calling for laws prohibiting both human cloning and the creation of embryos for research. (thenewatlantis.com)
China enacted regulations early this year to allow the cloning of human embryos for research, and South Korea enacted similar legislation to allow research days ahead of the February announcement. (publicintegrity.org)
Some prohibit only cloning for reproductive purposes and allow the creation of cloned human embryos for research, whereas others prohibit the creation of cloned embryos for any purpose. (who.int)

In 2001 researchers at Advanced Cell Technology in Worcester, Massachusetts, United States, reported that 24 successfully cloned Holsteins had been monitored from birth to the age of four. (wikipedia.org)
A linkurl:report;http://stemcells.alphamedpress.org/cgi/reprint/2007-0252v1.pdf published online today that researchers have cloned human embryos is not that much of an advance, according to one stem cell expert, Douglas Melton, at Harvard University. (the-scientist.com)
Using eggs from adult women who had previously donated for successful fertility treatments, the researchers used SCNT to transfer DNA into the egg cells. (the-scientist.com)
In a 2013 Pew Research Center poll , half of all adults surveyed (50%) said that by 2050 researchers will be able to use cloning to bring back extinct species, with 48% predicting such a development won't occur. (pewresearch.org)
A six-person review committee consisting of stem cell researchers, an editor from the journal Nature, and members of the Science editorial boad determined that the editors of Science followed the correct review procedures at the time the papers were published. (lifenews.com)
Chinese scientists at various research institutions have reported successful experiments in human cloning, including the production of human-rabbit hybrid embryonic stem cells, according to the claims of Professor Lu Guangxiu at Xiangya Medical College, who told the Wall Street Journal in March of 2002 that researchers at the College had been successfully cloning embryos for two years. (publicintegrity.org)
While an international framework to regulate cloning remains stalled in the United Nations, some Asian countries are offering more stable climates for researchers to pursue their work. (publicintegrity.org)
Researchers are making great strides with hair cloning, but I have no idea how many years it's going to be before anything reliably safe and effective is commercially available. (baldingblog.com)
Researchers in North Carolina have successfully demonstrated that genetically altered stem cells from one species can be turned into a different sort of cell in another. (scienceblog.com)
Specifically, the researchers converted adult liver stem cells cloned from a male rat into functional adult bone marrow cells in female mice. (scienceblog.com)
hero" is the right word for how Hwang Woo-suk is revered by the media -- and by a large section of the Korean public who have bought into the false promises of embryonic stem cell and cloning researchers. (blogspot.com)
A Korean television station whose investigative report was the nail in the coffin that prompted human cloning scientist Hwang Woo-suk to admit he lied about egg donations his researchers made says he may have lied about the results of his research as well. (blogspot.com)
Researchers reported in Nature on November 22, 2007, that they successfully isolated 2 embryonic stem cell lines from cloned embryos made using cells from the skin of an adult rhesus macaque. (nih.gov)
Before this new study was published, Nature asked another group of researchers to confirm that the stem cells were genetically identical to the donor skin cells. (nih.gov)
The stem cells, the researchers showed, could turn into heart or nerve cells in the laboratory, and had other characteristics of established embryonic stem cell lines. (nih.gov)
SOHN JIE-AE, CNN CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): South Korean researchers report that they have created embryos through cloning, not for the purpose of making babies, but to create stem cells for scientific research. (cnn.com)
JIE-AE: The researchers took an egg from a Korean woman, removed all the material from that egg, then injected DNA from another cell from the same woman with a chemical bath. (cnn.com)
Now, the researchers are hoping to collect viable cells from the foal in order to clone the species, which the researchers readily admit will hopefully pave the way to the ultimate goal: cloning a woolly mammoth. (iflscience.com)

The director of the lobby group Australians for Ethical Stem Cell Research, David van Gend, criticised the issuing of the licence. (bioedge.org)
and stem cell research, written about by the Irish Council for Bioethics and the Telegraph among others. (progress.org.uk)
The 2009 Rosenstiel Award for Distinguished Work in Basic Medical Science will be awarded to three pioneers in stem cell research. (brandeis.edu)
The papers made fantastic claims about embryonic stem cell research studies that turned out to be false. (lifenews.com)
In handling fraudulent stem-cell research articles, journal editors went above and beyond existing procedures to try and verify the findings, but in today's competitive publishing environment, more stringent, less trusting safeguards are now essential,' the committe said, according to a Science statement LifeNews.com obtained. (lifenews.com)
Although stem cell research efforts have been in place for several years, the top countries in Asia have only recently begun to regulate the science. (publicintegrity.org)
More to the point, it's not happening in Wisconsin, where opponents of stem cell research and related work recently persuaded the Legislature to pass a bill that would make criminals out of potential Nobel laureates. (wtnnews.com)
Doyle and a significant number of legislators from both parties simply want to hold open the possibility of continuing all forms of stem cell research in Wisconsin, the state that pioneered the process less than 10 years ago. (wtnnews.com)
The debate over stem cell research is complicated enough without "sci-fi" claims that mislead policymakers and the public. (wtnnews.com)
And the MSM (mainstream media), who remain desperately committed to push embryonic stem cell research despite its failures, dangers, and immoral foundations, may soon be reeling at the fall of one of their heroes. (blogspot.com)
embryonic stem cell research has not had a good year. (blogspot.com)

Gene, the first cloned calf in the world was born in 1997 at the American Breeders Service facilities in Deforest, Wisconsin, United States. (wikipedia.org)
Polly, born in 1997, was the first genetically modified cloned mammal. (yahoo.com)
After years of experiments …cloning hit the big time in February 1997. (exposingsatanism.org)
General Assembly the following year,3 and the World Medical Association's Resolution on Cloning, endorsed in 1997, have confronted the issue but lack binding legal force. (who.int)

Dolly's successful birth in 1996 marked the first time a mammal was successfully cloned from an adult cell. (yahoo.com)
Twenty years ago today, the world's first clone made from the cells of an adult mammal made her public debut. (pewresearch.org)
That month, scientists reported the first successful attempt to reproduce a large, adult mammal through cloning. (exposingsatanism.org)

He did this by using intact nuclei from somatic cells from a Xenopus tadpole. (wikipedia.org)
It is also our view that there are no sound reasons for treating the early-stage human embryo or cloned human embryo as anything special, or as having moral status greater than human somatic cells in tissue culture. (wikiquote.org)

Although the latest scientific work related to cloning has been focused on potential medical applications, much of that research is relevant to the creation of cloned children. (thenewatlantis.com)

In 2001, scientists at Texas A&M University created the first cloned cat, CC (CopyCat). (wikipedia.org)
A purebred Hereford calf clone named Chloe was born in 2001 at Kansas State University's purebred research unit. (wikipedia.org)
Millie and Emma were two female Jersey cows cloned at the University of Tennessee in 2001. (wikipedia.org)
In 2001, Brazil cloned their first heifer, Vitória. (wikipedia.org)
There has been overwhelming opposition to human cloning since 2001. (pewresearch.org)
The United States currently has no comprehensive law, and legislation that would have banned both research and reproductive cloning has failed to reach a vote in the Senate after approval in the House of Representatives in July 2001. (publicintegrity.org)
In the middle of the year 2001 a group of scientists said cloning humans might be easier than cloning animals. (irfi.org)
Elaboration of an international convention against reproductive cloning of human beings has been under consideration in the United Nations since December 2001 when the subject was included in the agenda of the fifty- sixth session as a supplementary agenda item at the request of France and Germany. (who.int)

Chemically synthesised oligonucleotides can also be used if the target sequence size does not exceed the limit of chemical synthesis.Isolation of insert can be done by using shotgun cloning,c-DNA clones,gene machines(artificial chemical synthesis). (bionity.com)
The process known as "DNA cloning," "molecular cloning" or "gene cloning" has been used widely since the 1970s. (wtnnews.com)
Scientists at Duke University Medical Center in North Carolina say the reason of all these problems may be one specific gene, which is responsible for controlling the way in which cells grow. (irfi.org)
When this gene is not working properly, cells can grow in an uncontrolled way to cause cancer tumors to develop. (irfi.org)
Dr John Parrington, a cloning expert at University College London, pointed out that more than one gene behaved in a way that might cause problems in a growing cloned human embryo. (irfi.org)
1) Ligase strain - The gene for ligase has been cloned into the genome of lefty and righty cells. (igem.org)
The ectopic expression of human papilloma virus (HPV) E6/E7 gene has successfully been employed to establish these cell lines. (lu.se)
To induce differentiation and maturation of the immortalized cell lines, terminating the HPV-E6/E7 expression through a gene induction system has been believed to be essential. (lu.se)
Here, we report that erythroid cell lines established from human bone marrow using simple expression of HPV-E6/E7 are capable of normal erythroid differentiation, without turning gene expression off. (lu.se)
Our findings propose that it is not necessary to employ gene induction systems to establish immortalized erythroid cell lines sustaining differentiation potential and describe novel cellular characteristics for desired functionally competent clones. (lu.se)
CHC or DNM2 gene silence slightly increases the sensitivity of resistant cells to gefitinib without affecting MET activity, while GRB2 gene silence can simultaneously inhibit MET endocytosis and reduce MET activity, resulting in a significant reversal effect of gefitinib resistance. (bvsalud.org)

In 2019, the first Chinese commercially cloned cat, Garlic, was created by Sinogene Biotechnology. (wikipedia.org)
Cloning-to-produce-children could also be used to attempt to control the physical and even psychological traits of children, extending the eugenic logic of those who would use reproductive biotechnology to have the perfect child. (thenewatlantis.com)
The book is separated into three chapters covering biotechnology, animal cloning and human cloning. (progress.org.uk)
Whilst it is targeted at 14-18 year olds, 'Biotechnology and Cloning' assumes a high level of knowledge on an ambitious range of hard to grasp topics, none of which are directly explained in the book. (progress.org.uk)
Buy Biotechnology and Cloning from Amazon UK . (progress.org.uk)
China has reportedly been increasing its funding for cloning and other biotechnology research efforts. (publicintegrity.org)
Cloning in biotechnology refers to processes used to create copies of DNA fragments ( molecular cloning ), cells (cell cloning), or organisms . (wikiquote.org)
Developments in biotechnology have raised new concerns about animal welfare, as farm animals now have their genomes modified (genetically engineered) or copied (cloned) to propagate certain traits useful to agribusiness, such as meat yield or feed conversion. (wikiquote.org)

4 The public is divided about the prospect of using cloning to bring back to life species of animals that are currently extinct , such as the carrier pigeon or even the woolly mammoth. (pewresearch.org)
Given that we have an efficiency of 1% cloning for livestock species and if only one in a thousand cells are viable then around 100,000 cells would need to be transferred. (wikiquote.org)
Church proposed to use DNA from extinct species to clone and breed new organisms from those species. (asu.edu)
But three-dimensional reconstructions of the thylacine existed long before recent attempts at cloning the species. (edu.au)
To successfully clone a thylacine molecular biologists have to extract intact DNA from the cells of a specimen of the species, place this DNA in an artificial cell membrane, transfer the enclosed DNA into the live cell of some other animal, and then grow the cell in the womb of a surrogate host. (edu.au)
Most natural cloning occurs in those species that produce their descendants asexually, that is, without combining the male and female genetic material. (who.int)
Recently, research has increased in the area of transplanting embryonic cells across species and growing kidneys and endocrine pancreas cells in situ. (medscape.com)

In 2004, the first commercially cloned cat, Little Nicky, was created by Genetic Savings & Clone. (wikipedia.org)
The reality of genetic defects passed on to the cloned child ought to be discussed, according to Fernando Zegers-Hochschild, director of the Unit of Reproductive Medicine at Clinica Las Condes in Santiago, Chile. (wnd.com)
This form of genetic engineering would deny the children it produces an open future, burdening them with the expectation that they will be like the individuals from whom they were cloned. (thenewatlantis.com)
And cloning could make possible still more dramatic forms of genetic engineering. (thenewatlantis.com)
Thanks to the genetic code perfectly preserved in the still intact blood cells, the scientists then clone a dinosaur. (forbes.com)
In 1962 he made the stunning observation that it was possible to take a differentiated adult cell from a frog and to re-set its genetic program so that the reprogrammed nucleus could be implanted in an enucleated egg and direct the development of tadpoles. (brandeis.edu)
Part of the reason is that cloning can introduce profound genetic errors , which can result in early and painful death. (pewresearch.org)
Since then, the South Korean scientists have reported creating nearly a dozen new lines of human embryonic stem cells that for the first time carry the genetic signature of diseased or injured patients. (wtnnews.com)
But with cloning, parents can get the exact same child by having genetic material from the first cloned. (nyln.org)
For example many clones die early or they are born with genetic deformities, and develop terminal illnesses such as cancer. (irfi.org)
if it implants and the pregnancy goes to term, the resulting individual will carry the same nuclear genetic material as the donor of the adult somatic cell. (who.int)
However, an animal created through this technique would not be a precise genetic copy of the source of its nuclear DNA because each clone derives a small amount of its DNA from the mitochondria of the egg (which lie outside the nucleus) rather than from the donor of cell nucleus. (who.int)

Ever since, a number of mammals have been cloned - cows, pigs, cats and rhesus monkeys. (nyln.org)

Pampa, a Jersey calf, was the first animal cloned in Argentina (by the company Bio Sidus) in 2002. (wikipedia.org)
In 2002 individual thylacine genes were successfully replicated using a process known as PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). (edu.au)

Even an extinct animal, the Pyrenean ibex, was successfully cloned in 2009. (nyln.org)
As mentioned earlier, scientists were able to clone an extinct animal, the Pyrenean ibex. (nyln.org)
Bringing back extinct animals by cloning through ancient DNA is the dream of many - from conservationists to Spielberg - but it has not come to fruition yet. (iflscience.com)
The scientists from the University and the South Korean Sooam Biotech Research Foundation have said they are "confident of success" that they will be able to extract cells from the foal to clone the extinct animal and bring it back to life, however, it is not clear whether the cells would come from the blood sample. (iflscience.com)

Specifically, many wondered: If they're doing sheep now, how long until they clone humans? (yahoo.com)
Critics of reproductive cloning point out that it inevitably will be used to create a "master race" of humans. (wnd.com)
Twelve years have passed since humans first successfully cloned a horse. (cnn.com)
3 Americans are divided as to whether humans will be cloned in the near future. (pewresearch.org)
5 Fewer Americans are concerned with cloning animals than with the prospect of cloning humans , according to the same 2016 Gallup survey . (pewresearch.org)
An Italian fertility doctor, Dr. Severino Antinori announced his intention to clone humans, so that he can help infertile couples to have children. (irfi.org)
I hope that this will not be used to give encouragement to those who wish to clone humans,' he said. (irfi.org)
You can't say, taking this information in isolation, that it's easier to clone primates and humans,' he said. (irfi.org)
Smallpox vaccines containing vaccinia virus were used to successfully eradicate smallpox as a disease of humans ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)

Wilmut moved to the University of Edinburgh the following decade, focusing on using cloning to make stem cells for regenerative medicine. (yahoo.com)

SIV isolates that have been molecularly cloned share approxi-mately 75% of their genomic sequences with HIV-II and approximately 30% with NIV-I (10). (cdc.gov)
Molecularly cloned hormones, such as eltrombopag and avatrombopag , which stimulate megakaryocytes to produce platelets, have been used. (msdmanuals.com)

The report offers an ethical and policy analysis, articulating what makes cloning morally repugnant and calling for the practice to be definitively prohibited in the United States. (thenewatlantis.com)
2 Eight-in-ten American adults (81%) say cloning a human being is not morally acceptable, according to a May 2016 Gallup poll . (pewresearch.org)
Just 13% of adults in 2016 say cloning is morally acceptable. (pewresearch.org)
But the Bush clone (dubbed W2) believes just as strongly that human cloning is 'morally right. (humorgazette.com)

A Javan banteng calf was cloned from frozen cells using a cow as a surrogate, delivered via c-section on April 1, 2003, then hand raised at the San Diego Wild Animal Parks Infant Isolation Unit. (wikipedia.org)
Sooam Biotech, Korea cloned eight coyotes in 2011 using domestic dogs as surrogate mothers. (wikipedia.org)
In 1972, he became the first scientist to successfully freeze, thaw and transfer a calf embryo, which he called "Frostie," to a surrogate mother. (yahoo.com)
The object of reproductive cloning is to implant the cloned embryo into a surrogate mother and permit the human child to develop. (wnd.com)

[Molecular cloning] refers to the procedure of isolating a defined DNA sequence and obtaining multiple copies of it in vivo . (bionity.com)
Now, for the first time, scientists have identified a specific molecular pathway within cells that becomes mutated by ultraviolet light exposure, thereby speeding up melanoma development. (scienceblog.com)

The approach was applied to five different hybridomas producing human monoclonal antibodies and variable regions for both bold gamma and mu heavy chain and kappa and lambda light chain genes were successfully cloned. (lu.se)

The dense subepithelial mononuclear infiltrate in oral lichen planus is composed of T cells and macrophages, and there are increased numbers of intraepithelial T cells. (medscape.com)
Therefore, early in the formation of oral lichen planus lesions, CD8 + T cells may recognize an antigen associated with the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I on keratinocytes. (medscape.com)
[ 8 ] T cells in oral lichen planus contain mRNA for TNF and secrete TNF in vitro. (medscape.com)
The role of autoimmunity in the pathogenesis is supported by many autoimmune features of oral lichen planus, including its chronicity, onset in adults, predilection for females, association with other autoimmune diseases, occasional tissue-type associations, depressed immune-suppressor activity in patients with oral lichen planus, and the presence of autocytotoxic T-cell clones in lichen planus lesions. (medscape.com)
Current data suggest that oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T-cell-mediated autoimmune disease in which autocytotoxic CD8 + T cells trigger the apoptosis of oral epithelial cells. (medscape.com)
Sugerman PB, Satterwhite K, Bigby M. Autocytotoxic T-cell clones in lichen planus. (medscape.com)
Shan J, Ma JM, Wang R, Liu QL, Fan Y. Proliferation and Apoptosis of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Patients with Oral Lichen Planus. (medscape.com)
Younes F, Quartey EL, Kiguwa S, Partridge M. Expression of TNF and the 55-kDa TNF receptor in epidermis, oral mucosa, lichen planus and squamous cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)

Cloning is as much an art as it is a science," said Robert Lanza of Advanced Cell Technology in Worcester, Massachusetts. (exposingsatanism.org)

In the light of this information, Congress could settle for less stringent restrictions on embryo cloning studies, which scientists favor. (irfi.org)

concept of animal cloning, which has now been successfully carried out with sheep and a number of other mammals. (brandeis.edu)

August 2003: Prometea (left), the world's first horse clone, and her mother Stella Cometa pose in the stable of the Laboratory of Reproductive Technology in Cremona, around 80 km from Milan in northern Italy. (cnn.com)
Yet Tomatillo, and a handful of others, represent near-exact replicas of sporting excellence and pose an important question: are we going to start seeing clones at the world's top equestrian events? (cnn.com)

The other paper claimed Hwang's team successfully cloned a human embryo to be killed for her stem cells. (lifenews.com)
Last year, Hwang's team said it successfully cloned a human embryo from embryonic stem cells. (blogspot.com)
However, Korean television station MBC has conducted interviews with an unnamed member of Hwang's research team who says the cells were never cloned successfully. (blogspot.com)
According to MBC, the scientist "maintains that Hwang's team fabricated data because in reality it failed to clone a somatic cell and instead used a frozen embryo from the hospital to make stem cells. (blogspot.com)

However, following the successful derivation of human embryonic stem cells in 1998, the debate over human cloning largely shifted to the question of whether it is acceptable for scientists to create human embryos only to destroy them. (thenewatlantis.com)
After Gov. Jim Doyle vetoed a bill that would have banned cloning of human embryonic stem cells for research purposes, the legislative director of Wisconsin's Right to Life movement made a remark that seemed straight out of a science fiction movie. (wtnnews.com)
Using the SURVEYOR nuclease assay 13 , we assessed the ability of each Cas9-sgRNA complex to generate indels in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293FT cells through the induction of DNA doublestranded breaks (DSBs) and subsequent nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA damage repair (Online Methods). (cdc.gov)

The nucleus of an adult somatic cell (such as a skin cell) is removed and transferred to an enucleated egg, which is then stimulated with electric current or chemicals to activate cell division. (who.int)

Also, SIV is distinct from simian T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (STLY-I) which shares extensive genomic sequences with human T-lymphotropic virus type I and is associated with T-cell lymphomas in nonhuman primates (12). (cdc.gov)

They also reportedly charged $100,000 for each cloned puppy. (wikipedia.org)
The first obstacle to cloning your dog is that $100,000 cost. (wikiquote.org)

Japan subsequently enacted legislation in late 2000 criminalizing the cloning of human embryos for reproductive purposes. (publicintegrity.org)

Current technologies for treatment of many lymphomas, leukemias, transplant rejection and some autoimmune disorders include monoclonal antibodies (mAb) that target and deplete B cell populations. (nationaljewish.org)

South Korean scientists were the first to report successfully doing so in early 2004, but they produced just one cell line from 200 tries. (wtnnews.com)
Not even the South Korean scientists claim they're close to transplanting cells into a human, however. (wtnnews.com)
South Korean professor and cloning pioneer Hwang Woo-suk, is in yet more trouble. (blogspot.com)
South Korean scientists say they have taken a major step forward in cloning human embryos for medical research purposes. (cnn.com)

Competent cells may also be purchased commercially. (igem.org)

In 2000, Texas A&M University cloned a Black Angus bull named 86 Squared, after cells from his donor, Bull 86, had been frozen for 15 years. (wikipedia.org)

A blastocyst (cloned or not), because it lacks any trace of a nervous system, has no capacity for suffering or conscious experience in any form - the special properties that, in our view, spell the difference between biological tissue and a human life worthy of respect and rights. (wikiquote.org)

On the other hand, a chimera is defined as an organism in which cells from two or more different organisms have contributed. (frontiersin.org)
In biology , cloning is the process of producing similar populations of genetically identical individuals that occurs in nature when organisms such as bacteria , insects or plants reproduce asexually . (wikiquote.org)
The term applies not only to entire organisms but also to copies of molecules (such as DNA) and cells. (who.int)

Donor fibroblasts were obtained from an ear-skin biopsy of a male Afghan hound and cultured for two to five passages (in which fully grown cells are transferred to a new culture dish). (nature.com)
For SCNT, the chromosomes of the unfertilized canine oocytes were removed by micromanipulation, and a single donor cell was transferred into each enucleated oocyte. (nature.com)
We tested whether the cloned dogs were genetically identical by microsatellite analysis of genomic DNA from the donor Afghan, the cloned dogs and the surrogates (see supplementary information ). (nature.com)
Analysis of eight canine-specific microsatellite loci confirmed that the cloned dogs were genetically identical to their donor dog. (nature.com)
If reliable hair cloning ever does come about to allow for unlimited donor hair, I could see possibly more people having their existing hair thickened. (baldingblog.com)
However, though BC is emerging as a potential organ transplant option, challenges regarding organ size scalability, immune system incompatibilities, long-term maintenance, potential evolutionary distance, or unveiled mechanisms between donor and host cells remain. (frontiersin.org)
Thus, the clone would be genetically identical to the nucleus donor only if the egg came from the same donor or from her maternal line. (who.int)

Cloning is utilized in a wide array of biological experiments and technological applications such as large scale protein production. (bionity.com)
The team at USU has purchased competent cells for all experiments. (igem.org)
Further experiments will involve the characterization of the effectiveness of Curly 14 for modulating immune disease, understanding Curly 14 binding affinity, determination of the antibody binding site and the ability to destabilize and/or desensitize B cells in huSCID and human CD79 knockin mouse models. (nationaljewish.org)

The papers claimed the team created patient specific embryonic stem cells that would overcome the problems of a patient's immune system rejecting the cells in treatments. (lifenews.com)
The manipulated stem cells are then injected into a patient's spine. (medscape.com)

a , Snuppy, the first cloned dog, at 67 days after birth (right), with the three-year-old male Afghan hound (left) whose somatic skin cells were used to clone him. (nature.com)
Snuppy, an Afghan hound puppy, was the first dog to be cloned, in 2005 in South Korea. (wikipedia.org)
Hwang has since started a new animal cloning lab and hopes to continue the kind of research that led to the creation of Snuppy, the first cloned dog. (lifenews.com)

Other than a tiny number of weird scientists, it's hard to find anyone who likes the idea of implanting a cloned embryo into a woman's womb, risking not only the health of the "mother" but almost certainly producing babies with birth defects. (wtnnews.com)

Three more cloned calves were born in 1998. (wikipedia.org)

just a few stories about scientists around the world who claim - falsely, of course - to have cloned babies. (wtnnews.com)
The newly discovered obstacle makes it more likely than ever that rogue scientists' recent claims to have created cloned babies were fraud. (irfi.org)

In practice, however, a number of other features are desired and a variety of specialised cloning vectors exist that allow protein expression, tagging, single stranded RNA and DNA production and a host of other manipulations that are useful in downstream applications. (bionity.com)
Modern cloning vectors include selectable markers (most frequently antibiotic resistance markers) that allow only cells in which the vector, but not necessarily the insert, has been transfected to grow.Additionally, the cloning vectors may contain colour selection markers which provide blue/white screening (via α-factor complementation) on X-gal medium. (bionity.com)

On April 11, 2003, Washington Post Staff Writer, Rick Weiss, reported 'New research suggests that it may be a lot harder to clone people than to clone other animals, an unexpected scientific twist that could influence the escalating congressional debate over human cloning and embryo research. (irfi.org)
But opponents of human embryo research were afraid that the new research not only identifies previously unrecognized hurdles to human cloning, but also points the way to overcoming those hurdles. (irfi.org)

As such, some nations have banned human cloning because of the ethical issues that might arise. (nyln.org)
The breakthrough may eventually put to rest the ethical controversy surrounding stem cells. (nih.gov)
And their work is reigniting the ethical debate over human cloning of any kind. (cnn.com)

A Holstein heifer named Daisy was cloned by Dr. Xiangzhong (Jerry) Yang using ear skin cells from a high-merit cow named Aspen at the University of Connecticut in 1999, followed by three additional clones, Amy, Betty, and Cathy in 1999. (wikipedia.org)
In 1999, DNA was successfully extracted from a thylacine pouch-young preserved in ethanol at the Australian Museum in Sydney as part of an attempt to clone a thylacine. (edu.au)

In order to do this, the bacterial cells must first be made "competent. (igem.org)
The term "competent" is to describe a cell state in which there exist gaps or openings in the cell wall which will allow the plasmid containing the target genes to enter into the cell. (igem.org)
Several methods to make bacterial cells competent exist, such as the calcium chloride method and electroporation. (igem.org)
6. Take competent cells from the -80˚C freezer and place on an ice bath. (igem.org)
7. Pipette contents of tube up and down a few times then take 2 μl of the DNA solution and add to the competent cells. (igem.org)
Competent TOP10 bacterial cells were transformed with registry parts and plated. (igem.org)
p>The registry parts that had not been successfully cloned were again used to transform competent top 10 cells. (igem.org)

The foal on the right, seen in 2005, was the first to be cloned in North America under the guidance of Dr Katrin Hinrichs, of Texas A&M University. (cnn.com)

RepliCel Life Sciences Inc. today announced that it has been granted a patent by Japan's Ministry of International Trade and Industry for hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells and their use thereof. (baldingblog.com)
BrainStorm Cell Therapeutics), uses mesenchymal stem cells harvested from patients' own bone marrow that are engineered to secrete neurotrophic factors, proteins important for the survival and function of neurons. (medscape.com)

This antibody gave a positive result when used in the following formaldehyde fixed cell lines: DU145. (abcam.com)
This conjugation-ready format is designed for use with fluorochromes, metal isotopes, oligonucleotides, and enzymes, which makes them ideal for antibody labelling, functional and cell-based assays, flow-based assays (e.g. mass cytometry) and Multiplex Imaging applications. (abcam.com)
Anti-CD79 antibody induces B cell anergy that protects against autoimmunity. (nationaljewish.org)
This approach will permit analysis of B cell clonal ontogeny, antibody diversity and lymphoma cell progression and heterogeneity. (lu.se)

Drs. John B. Gurdon, Irving L. Weissman, and Shinya Yamanaka have been pioneers in studying stem cells and the reprogramming of highly differentiated adult cells into pluripotent cells capable of directing differentiation from a single cell to an adult animal. (brandeis.edu)
However, if we think back to what actually happened to the animal - it died, even if from the cold, the cells in the body would have taken some time to freeze. (wikiquote.org)
This time lag would allow for breakdown of the cells, which normally happens when any animal dies. (wikiquote.org)
Concerns have been raised even in animals as doubters worry about the implications of using a cloned animal in the food supply. (nyln.org)
Many scientists were dismayed and scientists involved in animal cloning warned of the many practical problems in cloning. (irfi.org)
Illustration of the movement of the three hemispheres of cells, the animal cap (dark green) the marginal zone (lime green) and the ventral cap (yellow) during frog gastrulation. (asu.edu)
To clone the animal they would have to extract and grow viable cells from the ancient DNA, something that has never been successfully done before. (iflscience.com)
These PCRs replicated only limited fragments of the DNA that was undamaged and may have been functional if introduced into a living animal cell. (edu.au)
Beyond this scientific interest, the commercial concern in animal cloning focuses on replicating large numbers of genetically identical animals, especially those derived from a progenitor that has been modified genetically. (who.int)

A tadpole was cloned as far back as 1952. (nyln.org)

Electroporation is used when extremely high transformation efficiencies are required, as in very inefficient cloning strategies. (bionity.com)
Reproductive cloning is expensive and highly inefficient. (wikiquote.org)

Exogenous application of the neurotrophic molecule hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) promotes neuronal cell survival in a variety of contexts, including protecting hair cells from aminoglycoside ototoxicity. (bvsalud.org)
4] Porcine skin has been grafted onto burn patients,[5] and pig neuronal cells have been transplanted into patients with Parkinson (Parkinson's) disease and Huntington (Huntington's) disease. (medscape.com)
Direct neuronal conversion of resident glial cells is advantageous since they are ubiquitously distributed brain cells able to self-renew and replenish their number, making them ideal candidates for endogenous repair. (lu.se)

The dramatic increase in efficiency - more than one cell line for every 20 attempts - could pave the way for treating conditions such as diabetes and spinal cord injury with stem cell transplants. (wtnnews.com)
More than 90% of cloning attempts fail to produce viable offspring. (wikiquote.org)
The new work by scientists in Pittsburgh provides an explanation for why hundreds of attempts to clone monkeys have all failed despite successes in several other mammals. (irfi.org)

In sexual reproduction, clones are created when a fertilized egg splits to produce identical (monozygous) twins with identical genomes. (who.int)

Anatomy15

Organisms18

Chemicals and Drugs38

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment23

Phenomena and Processes66

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Health Care1

Dolly24

Therapeutic22

Embryos for research3

Researchers18

Stem Cell Res11

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Mammal3

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Creation of cloned1

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Gene11

Biotechnology8

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Genetic12

Cows1

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Extinct4

Humans9

Wilmut1

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Genes were successfully1

Lichen planus8

Advanced Cell Technology in Worc1

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Sheep1

World's2

Hwang's4

Human embryonic3

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Primates1

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Reproductive purposes1

Monoclonal1

South Korean4

Commercially1

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Blastocyst1

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Snuppy3

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