Subsurface water. Medical search. Frequent questions

But there is only insufficient knowledge on which sources of heat exist underground, how they relate in their intensity of subsurface warming, and which consequences this warming implies on associated environments, ecosystems and resources. (researchgate.net)

Whether or not brine seepage explains the gullies phenomenon, dense, CaCl 2 -rich brines are to be expected in the deep subsurface of Mars, although they might be somewhat diluted (temperatures permitting) and of variable salt composition. (elsevierpure.com)
Microbial communities within deep subsurface environments were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene cloning. (princeton.edu)
Highly divergent lineages of Archaea, unique to South African deep subsurface fracture fluids, are also described. (princeton.edu)

Proudly building the interconnected and essential water and wastewater systems our communities need. (mccarthy.com)
In this study, three subsurface wastewater infiltration systems (SWISs) at different aeration were set up to study the transport of pore-water oxygen and quantify the amount of trapped gas. (watersa.net)
In these settings, women are typically responsible for collecting, storing, and using water and for disposing of wastewater ( 1 , 2 ). (cdc.gov)
Our study suggests that the potential health benefit of piped water supplied to each house is limited if no way to remove wastewater exists. (cdc.gov)

The variability of soil moisture in the root zone can be explained by the dynamics of the water table during the processes of irrigation and drainage through the furrows. (ufl.edu)
Furthermore, we discuss the intensities of subsurface warming, the density of induced heat fluxes, as well as their abundance, and draw implications for depending processes and ecosystems in the subsurface and the potential of recycling this waste heat with geothermal installations. (researchgate.net)
MA-MISS will provide important information about mineralogy, petrology, and geological processes of sedimentary materials of the Martian subsurface. (wikipedia.org)
The study of the Martian subsurface will provide important constraints on the nature, timing and duration of alteration and sedimentation processes on Mars, as well as on the complex interactions between the surface and the atmosphere. (wikipedia.org)
Reconstruct a stratigraphic column for clues on subsurface geological processes. (wikipedia.org)
The first observation concerning land settlement linked to subsurface processes was made in 1926 by the American geologists Pratt and Johnson, who wrote that ''the cause of subsidence is to be found in the extensive extraction of fluid from beneath the affected area. (unipd.it)
δD and δ¹⁸O values of waters from near-surface aquifers in Saskatchewan plot near the global Meteoric Water Line indicating that the waters present are meteoric in origin and generally have not been involved in appreciable evaporation or water-rock exchange reactions, as both processes enrich the samples differentially in D and ¹⁸O. (usask.ca)
Conventional methods of quantifying subsurface interactions in streams are often insufficient in characterizing hydrological processes and demand better techniques to measure complex dynamics. (ung.edu)
Point-measurements are incomplete and do not provide direct data on hyporheic exchange, a mixing of surface and subsurface water under and around a stream capable of influencing ecosystem processes. (ung.edu)
and to a lesser extent on the biological processes taking place in water bodies. (mcgill.ca)
Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts publishes high quality papers in all areas of the environmental chemical sciences, including chemistry of the air, water, soil and sediment. (rsc.org)
In addition to application intensities and fundamental physicochemical pesticide properties, these include precipitation and recharge patterns in relation to pesticide application events, (mainly superficial) sorption and degradation processes efficiencies, multiple-scale subsurface physical heterogeneity directing water and solute flow (particularly the presence of preferential flow pathways), and groundwater turnover rates. (lu.se)

Abstract] Water-filled test bed design and fabrication. (unifi.it)

7) "Processed" means the action of reducing liquid waste to a state that will allow injection by subsurface drip dispersal into an area without creating pollution. (texas.gov)
and (d) mitigating environmental impact through aquifer recharge and/or surface water injection. (unipd.it)
While measuring time-dependent changes due to injection, surface-borehole FEM detected 600 L of brine with the receiver at a depth of 91 m, over 35 m from the injection point and over 60 m above the water table. (cdc.gov)

Pure liquid water is totally unstable on the Martian surface: without a significant atmosphere, pure water just evaporates as quickly as it forms. (universetoday.com)
Ma_MISS on ExoMars: Mineralogical Characterization of the Martian Subsurface. (wikipedia.org)
In the Martian subsurface, in intimate contact with the Ca-rich basaltic regolith, NaCl-rich early brines should have reacted to become Ca-rich. (elsevierpure.com)

Water was applied in the open furrows from the north side, and a drainage ditch was located at the south end of the field (oriented east-west). (ufl.edu)
Therefore, the study justifies the water-saving nature of CA+, while maintaining higher productivity and meeting the transpiration demand of crops and halting unnecessary evaporation and deep drainage losses. (nih.gov)
Provide surface and subsurface drainage. (maine.gov)
Women play a major role in domestic water management in areas where safe water and drainage are not available in the house. (cdc.gov)
However, water management may also be a health issue in large villages and periurban communities that are supplied with piped water but have inadequate sanitation or drainage facilities. (cdc.gov)
For most women, those who lived in houses without a drainage system, the biggest problem was that all water used in the house had to be carried outside and thrown into the street or canal. (cdc.gov)

Problem: Locating subsurface conductive solutions is important for many applications, including in situ mining and environmental protection. (cdc.gov)

Adoption of innovative agronomic management practices, i.e., conservation agriculture (CA) and sub-surface drip irrigation (SSDI) are considered as key strategies for much needed interventions to address the challenges of water scarcity under projected climate change. (nih.gov)
Intensifying land use and atmospheric climate change condition the changing thermal state of the subsurface at different scales and intensities. (researchgate.net)
climate change effects, which are severe droughts and shortage in rainfalls, which influenced the water retention of the groundwater aquifer and, as a result, stresses the aquifer. (hargeisawateragency.org)
From that perspective, HWA has taken the responsibility to establish water sustainability projects to reduce the stress on the aquifer while mitigating the effects of climate change. (hargeisawateragency.org)

Subsurface dams augment aquifer storage in semi-arid basement terrains with high drought propensity. (hargeisawateragency.org)

The dissolved constituents, which range from 200 to 3700 mg/1, are derived from the interaction of the recharging waters with sediments during infiltration to, and residence in, the aquifers, so that the chemical compositions of subsurface waters are controlled by the local geology. (usask.ca)
In this study, field experiments and numerical simulations for different drip irrigation treatments in a sandy loam soil were conducted to investigate soil water and salinity distribution as well as dye infiltration patterns. (lu.se)

This chapter may be cited as the Subsurface Area Drip Dispersal System Act. (texas.gov)
8) "Subsurface area drip dispersal system" means a waste disposal system that injects processed commercial, industrial, or municipal waste into the ground at a depth of not more than 48 inches and spreads the waste over a large enough area that the soil hydrologic absorption rate and crop/plant root absorption rate are not exceeded. (texas.gov)
A person may not operate a subsurface area drip dispersal system without first obtaining a permit from the commission. (texas.gov)
On receiving an application for a permit, the executive director shall inspect the location of the proposed dispersion area to determine the local conditions and the probable effect of the subsurface area drip dispersal system. (texas.gov)
b) The commission may hold a public hearing on a permit application for a subsurface area drip dispersal system if the commission determines that a hearing is necessary and in the public interest. (texas.gov)
c) The commission shall hold a public hearing on a permit application for a subsurface area drip dispersal system if a hearing is requested by a local government located in the county of the proposed disposal site or by an affected person. (texas.gov)
Soil water and salinity distribution under different treatments of drip irrigation. (lu.se)
and subsurface drip irrigation (T3), were used. (lu.se)

These structures reduce or stop the lateral flow of groundwater to store water underground and raise the groundwater table. (hargeisawateragency.org)
In addition, HYDRUS-2D/3D can be used as a fast and cost effective assessment tool for water flow and salt movement for specific sites having similar soil conditions. (lu.se)
Flow of water through filter element(s) or media in a reverse direction to dislodge and remove accumulated dirt, debris, or filter aid from the filter tank. (cdc.gov)
Additional water samples were collected during low flow at the same sites for further geochemical analysis to determine water provenance. (bvsalud.org)
Influence of subsurface variability in distinct (hydro)geologic environments affecting flow system characteristics and methods for characterization and monitoring. (lu.se)
The role of flow system understanding for predicting transport and fate of contaminants to assess risks and remediation needs for water resource protection. (lu.se)

The Water Environments and Ecosystems - Physical (63 credits, including the core) is a a concentration open only to students in the B.Sc. (mcgill.ca)

The characterization of microwave subsurface holographic RADAR sensors is not simple because the investigated medium is generally not homogeneous, and the soil electromagnetic properties change with moisture content. (unifi.it)

Water from a subsurface ocean on Jupiter's moon, Europa, could reach the surface through seeps or erupt from hot water vents. (geology.com)

The rock that lies below ground must be game, however, as water can easily seep through sand, for example, but not through boulder marl, which has a lower permeability. (berlin.de)
Subsurface dams are barriers of low permeability that are constructed underground. (hargeisawateragency.org)

Hydraulic fracturing and subsurface trespass in Pennsylvania: Briggs v. Southwestern Energy Production Co. (bricker.com)
The plaintiffs asserted trespass and conversion claims against Southwestern on the basis of its drilling activities but did not expressly allege that Southwestern's hydraulic fracturing operations physically intrude into the subsurface under their property. (bricker.com)
The case was appealed and, upon review, a two-judge panel of the Superior Court reversed the trial court decision, holding that hydraulic fracturing may give rise to liability in trespass, "particularly if subsurface fractures, fluid or proppant[s] cross boundary lines, resulting in the extraction of natural gas from beneath an adjoining landowner's property. (bricker.com)
A hydraulic condition caused by a difference in water pressure that causes water from one piped system to enter another piped system (such as water from an irrigation system that enters a drinking water system by either backpressure or backsiphonage. (cdc.gov)
A hydraulic condition caused by negative or subatmospheric pressure within a piped water system, resulting in backflow. (cdc.gov)

What happens if Montana fails to stop the coming invasion of zebra and quagga mussels threatening the state's water bodies? (mtpr.org)

Life in Europa's subsurface oceans could be supported in similar ways. (geology.com)

A statement to the public advising that tap water should be boiled before drinking because of suspected or known microbial contamination. (cdc.gov)

This suggests a large body of conductive material (salty water) at a depth of 30 kilometers (about 20 miles) or less. (geology.com)
Objective: Improve the ability to locate subsurface conductive solutions by evaluating and comparing applicable geophysical methods. (cdc.gov)

Therefore, the solution here is sustainable aquifer management and establishing water sustainability projects such as constructing dams to harvest rainwater and recharge the aquifer. (hargeisawateragency.org)
To construct subsurface dams, a trench is built across a stream or valley until the depth of the bedrock or a layer of clay is reached. (hargeisawateragency.org)
My PhD project is based on sand dams: small, concrete structures constructed across ephemeral streams, behind which sand accumulates, in which water is stored from the rainy season for use in the dry season. (waterwisercdt.ac.uk)
I am exploring the causes and impacts of lateral, longitudinal, and vertical losses of the water stored in sand dams to the sub-surface environment. (waterwisercdt.ac.uk)

In Florida, in agricultural production areas with a high water table due to a shallow impermeable layer, vegetable crops have been intensively cultivated with irrigation by adjusting the water table level. (ufl.edu)
A traditional seepage system in Northeast Florida uses PVC pipes to transport water from pumps to irrigation furrows (shallow open ditches). (ufl.edu)
In other words, eutectic brine compositions could be present in the shallow subsurface of Mars, for the same reasons that eutectic magma compositions are common on Earth. (elsevierpure.com)
Because they are shallow and unconfined, alluvial aquifers experience fluctuating water levels and are susceptible to contamination. (cdc.gov)

Map the distribution of subsurface water and CO 2 ices. (wikipedia.org)
It has an exotic surface made from different types of ices - water, nitrogen and methane. (agu.org)

The re-contamination level for nationally managed waters was derived in November 2019. (deltares.nl)

The course includes hands-on training experience including life cycle analysis, environmental chemistry, water, solid waste, hazardous waste, risk assessment and air pollution. (uaeu.ac.ae)

Thanks to the incredible data returned by New Horizons, we were able to observe tectonic features on Pluto's surface, update our thermal evolution model with new data and infer that Pluto most likely has a subsurface ocean today," said Noah Hammond, a graduate student in Brown's Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, and the study's lead author. (agu.org)
It was those tectonic features that got scientists thinking that a subsurface ocean was a real possibility for Pluto. (agu.org)
The New Horizons spacecraft spied extensional faults on Pluto, a sign that the dwarf planet has undergone a global expansion possibly due to the slow freezing of a subsurface ocean. (agu.org)
The idea that Pluto has a subsurface ocean is not new, but the study provides the most detailed investigation yet of its likely role in the evolution of key features such as the vast, low-lying plain known as Sputnik Planitia (formerly Sputnik Planum). (astronomynow.com)

The stable isotope and chemical compositions of water samples from several Upper Cretaceous and Quaternary aquifers in Saskatchewan were measured to determine the source of recharge within the individual aquifers and the various factors that have affected the waters in these aquifers since their formation. (usask.ca)
Isotopic compositions in conjunction with water level records for the aquifers indicate that the predominant recharge occurs in the spring, coinciding with melting of winter snow accumulations in the province. (usask.ca)
Variations in the isotopic compositions of water samples from individual aquifers studied suggest that little or no interaction occurs between aquifers, even those located within the same stratigraphic zones. (usask.ca)
Drilling boreholes for sampling is expensive and can increase contamination by mixing water from different aquifers. (cdc.gov)

This water would reveal the chemistry of the subsurface ocean and may contain microbes that live below. (geology.com)
Results - There were no consistent significant differences in canopy development, midday stem water potential, berry growth, juice chemistry, and productivity between vines receiving their water from below ground rather than above. (ives-openscience.eu)
Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, Volume 5: Water Pollution , 23 (6), 415-430. (princeton.edu)

Tia Silvasy May 18th, 2022 Microirrigation is an efficient way to water vegetable gardens and conserve our precious water supply. (ufl.edu)

A lot of my time was spent collecting geophysical data, which we used to image the subsurface up to 25-30m deep, and data to constrain the geophysics, such as topography, water levels, rock depth, and soil profiles. (waterwisercdt.ac.uk)

Common examples of unforeseen subsurface conditions include the unexpected encountering of hard rock, flows of pressurised groundwater, or hazardous materials requiring remediation. (ibanet.org)

Karstic sediment consequently represents a potential source of "legacy" pollution to the water resources and fragile habitats found in these globally distributed landscapes. (bvsalud.org)
For the future, regional as well as nationwide monitoring of pesticides in groundwater needs to be expanded and regulated for sound groundwater and pollution risk management and in order to be able to comply with environmental directives and the EU Water Framework Directive. (lu.se)

Having some blocks with subsurface lines allows growers to irrigate the subsurface blocks during the day and above ground blocks at night, reducing evaporative losses. (ives-openscience.eu)
Mathematical models are developed for the prediction of heat losses from subsurface pipes carrying hot water. (who.int)

Many of the courts that we sell will go over existing concrete slabs, driveways or other surfaces so the subsurface preparation is limited. (versacourt.com)
Moons like Europa and Enceladus have always been suspect because of their fractured surfaces and water plumes, but Mimas is heavily cratered with no evidence of surface remodeling. (extremetech.com)
Most trichloroethylene in surface waters or on soil surfaces evaporates into the atmosphere, although its high mobility in soil may result in it moving into groundwater below the soil surface. (cdc.gov)
A biofilm is more likely to grow abundantly in places where water does not move, such as the inner surfaces of water pipes, water storage tanks, or water heaters. (cdc.gov)

The furrows empty into an outlet ditch equipped with water retention structures (culvert pipes with boards) that are used to retain and control the water table at the appropriate water level (Figure 2). (ufl.edu)
Right: Water retention structures are used to back up the water to raise the water table level. (ufl.edu)
Simulated soil water balance indicated higher cumulative root water uptake (CRWU), lower cumulative evaporation (CE) and higher soil water retention in CA+ (PB-SSD+ crop residue at 150 and 120 kg N ha -1 ) than CA and CT plots. (nih.gov)

A geologic formation or part of a formation (such as gravel, sand, or porous stone) that supplies water to wells or springs. (cdc.gov)

The innovative software employs electric field measurements, collected at ground level or with airborne sensors, to map the subsurface distribution of water, mineral deposits, and clays. (gfxspeak.com)

Ice is less dense than water, so when it freezes, it expands. (agu.org)

In terms of water use efficiency, seepage systems are one of the most inefficient methods of irrigation because they require large volumes of water to raise the water table up to the crop root zone. (ufl.edu)
In CA+ based plots significantly higher biomass production and radiation use efficiency were observed with reduced water use than CA and CT. (nih.gov)
The trapping efficiency - the ability to accumulate water ice - is also comparable. (astronomynow.com)

Wheter you pull the pad or you don't, the first step to making any flood job easier, faster, and more profitable is to start with sub-surface extraction using the Water Claw. (sycorp.ca)
The water source for a PWS that is a well, spring, or other subsurface extraction of water. (cdc.gov)

This report sets out options for the setting of quality requirements for PFAS in the application of soil and dredged material and the distribution of dredged material in fresh surface waters. (deltares.nl)
The isotopic compositions of surface waters in Saskatchewan vary substantially. (usask.ca)

When the water contains other compounds such as salt, researchers and industry professionals can infer the distribution. (gfxspeak.com)
If these compounds reach the subsurface ocean, they can be valuable nutrients to start and sustain life. (geology.com)
Chlorine that has combined with organic or inorganic compounds in the water and is no longer an effective disinfectant for recreational water. (cdc.gov)

A microscopic alien showed up in water samples from the Tiber Reservoir, opening the door to a wide range of potentially devastating impacts for Montana's fisheries, outdoor enthusiasts and industries. (mtpr.org)
2008). and cultural desires for `the perfect smile' and Posttreatment sensitivity is usually related consequently they often elect for invasive treatment to small microscopic enamel defects and subsurface of disease free teeth (THEOBALD et al. (bvsalud.org)

This archive package contains water temperature data collected using subsurface temperature recorders (STRs) that aid in the monitoring of seawater temperature variability at permanent coral reef sites in Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary as part of the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program's (CRCP' s) National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP). (noaa.gov)
Water temperature time series data are used to help scientists assess and understand how coral reefs respond to thermal stress. (noaa.gov)
Variations in the δD and δ¹⁸O values result from differences in the source of recharge (i.e. summer versus winter precipitation), surface temperature, size of the water body, and degree of evaporation that occurs in each body. (usask.ca)
The regions still receive indirect sunlight, but if the temperature stays below about -240 °F (-151 °C), the permanently shadowed area is a cold trap - a good place for water ice to accumulate and remain stable. (astronomynow.com)
The method of images is used to calculate the heat loss from a hot water pipe buried at a given depth below the surface of a homogeneous soil with a constant soil surface temperature. (who.int)
The heat loss is described as a function of the difference between the temperature of the water and the temperature of the soil surface. (who.int)
The energy balance is used to determine the longitudinal temperature distribution of the water. (who.int)
The method is extended to describe the heat loss and the longitudinal temperature distribution for a system of equally spaced, parallel, subsurface pipes with water flowing in the same direction in neighboring pipes. (who.int)
Two dimensional steady temperature profiles in soil resulting from a warm water pipe having a wall temperature of 37.8C were computed for several pipe configurations and surface heat transfer coefficients of 1.36 and 136 cal.sec-1.m-2C-1. (who.int)

With our knowledge of the water and subsurface system, and the distribution of substances in that system, we have been advising governments recently about their policies on PFAS contamination. (deltares.nl)
A study of the options for quality requirements relating to the distribution of saline dredged materials containing PFAS in coastal waters. (deltares.nl)
Field evaluations of soil moisture content in the crop root zone have shown non-uniform water distribution across the field (Figure 3). (ufl.edu)
Anthropogenic microparticles (of synthetic, semisynthetic, or modified natural compositions) are globally pervasive, yet little is known about their distribution and storage in the subsurface despite their potential threats to belowground environments . (bvsalud.org)
water distribution systems, bathrooms, for each sample was measured using a swimming pools and fountains [5,6]. (who.int)

Water geochemical and sediment particle size data collected at a branch indicated at least two distinct water sources to the cave . (bvsalud.org)

This type of irrigation system is commonly called seepage irrigation or subirrigation (water table control) and relies on groundwater as the main source of irrigation water. (ufl.edu)
Traditional seepage irrigation system used to manage the water table for a potato crop in Hastings, Florida. (ufl.edu)
The challenge of a seepage irrigation system is to maintain the water table just below the root zone to provide the crop with enough soil moisture to meet the evapotranspiration requirements, while at the same time avoiding root zone saturation, which may negatively impact the crop. (ufl.edu)
The lack of soil moisture uniformity across the bed demonstrates the limitations of the seepage system to supply water to the crop, in that some areas of the field are overirrigated while other areas are underirrigated. (ufl.edu)
As we explore more of our solar system, water has been appearing in some surprising places. (extremetech.com)
It is up to 50% more water-efficient than a traditional sprinkler system, and it provides water directly to the plant instead of applying spray in a "one size fits all" pattern. (ufl.edu)
this problem is exacerbated by the high water table associated with the irrigation system. (cdc.gov)
in al-Garda, water hardness in the canal measured 210-280 mg/L, compared to 450 mg/L for water from the piped system. (cdc.gov)
The models are used to calculate the land area which can be heated with an underground piping system carrying the cooling water from the condensers of a 1000 megawatt nuclear powered steam generation electric power plant. (who.int)
A Water system that purchases water from another system (parent). (cdc.gov)
A public water system (PWS) that supplies water to the same population year-round. (cdc.gov)
A water system has a Consecutive status if it purchases water from another system. (cdc.gov)
A consecutive system is considered a "Child" since it purchases water from the parent. (cdc.gov)
Note: If a Consecutive water system in SDWIS purchases non-fluoridated water, and then adds fluoride to adjust to optimum, it should be Adjusted in WFRS, not Consecutive. (cdc.gov)
The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requires public water systems to provide an annual report to customers summarizing that quality of the water in that water system. (cdc.gov)
Each water system has a unique EPA PWS ID number consisting of a 2-digit alpha State code and 7 digit number. (cdc.gov)
A system that delivers or is supposed to deliver optimally fluoridated water to its consumers, regardless of whether or not the system adds fluoride. (cdc.gov)
A system can deliver optimally fluoridated water if it does not add fluoride by being Natural, Consecutive, or Defluoridated. (cdc.gov)
Data in MWF is pulled from the CDC Water Fluoridation Reporting System (WFRS) and states chose whether or not to participate in the MWF database. (cdc.gov)
Note: A water system can have zero (0) population if it is a merchant wholesale system. (cdc.gov)
A fluoridated water system that has a natural fluoride concentration above the minimum control range. (cdc.gov)

It may also influence the speed of water diffusion into the material bulk and its potential degradation. (bvsalud.org)

In this trial, irrigation was installed underground in an effort to minimize water loss due to evaporation, better direct the water to the vines, and reduce weed growth in the difficult to control undervine area. (ives-openscience.eu)
2 On-screen plot entitled "H2O flux" shows ecosystem water fluxes transpiration, soil evaporation, evaporation of intercepted rainfall, runoff and the sum (total) of these fluxes. (lu.se)

The subsurface is expected to recharge three boreholes and contribute significant benefits to the natural environment and the groundwater aquifer. (hargeisawateragency.org)

If an existing subsurface does not exist, we typically recommend installing a concrete base for most basketball, volleyball and multi-sport game courts due to its performance, durability and longevity. (versacourt.com)
The amount of fluoride in the water as reported by the PWS (typically in mg/L). (cdc.gov)

If There's Subsurface Water Across Mars, Where is it Safe to Land to Avoid Contamination? (universetoday.com)
Mars Multispectral Imager for Subsurface Studies (MA-MISS) is a miniaturized imaging spectrometer designed to provide imaging and spectra by reflectance in the near-infrared (NIR) wavelength region and determine the mineral composition and stratigraphy. (wikipedia.org)
The ExoMars programme is an astrobiology project focused on the search for biosignatures in the subsurface of Mars, and to better understand the geological evolution and habitability of Mars. (wikipedia.org)
The ExoMars Rover Instrument Suite: Ma_MISS - Mars Multispectral Imager for Subsurface Studies. (wikipedia.org)
We now know Mars is not entirely bone dry, and the moon has deposits of water ice. (extremetech.com)
A thawing "brine sandwich" provides one explanation (among many) for the "young gullies" recently attributed to seepage of liquid water on Mars. (elsevierpure.com)

Berlin can cover its drinking water needs completely from the groundwater below the city. (berlin.de)

4 (1984) suggested that micro-fissures and micro-cracks are generated during finishing/polishing procedures, which would accelerate water diffusion and surface deterioration, the use of resin sealant being an attempt to fill these defects, as it would preserve the integrity of the surface and improve the longevity of the restoration 5-7 . (bvsalud.org)
Therefore, water diffusion may affect the sealant in a similar way it affects composite restoratives, which would compromise physical properties important to maintain the integrity of the surface. (bvsalud.org)

In the most recent report for application in fresh surface water, more data have been used to determine the HVN for nationally managed waters again. (deltares.nl)
Graham Grant, chief executive officer of Seequent, said, "The acquisition will add new geophysical data processing capabilities to our workflows to help advance subsurface investigation and modelling. (gfxspeak.com)
These data are then processed to estimate subsurface electrical properties. (gfxspeak.com)
Waterborne disease outbreaks are classified according to the strength of the epidemiologic, clinical laboratory, and environmental data implicating water as the source of the outbreak. (cdc.gov)
A public CDC data application that allows all consumers to learn about the level of fluoride in their drinking water. (cdc.gov)

Seemingly, it is only the groundwater environments devoid of influence of waters having recharged since the onset of widespread pesticide use that may be regarded as completely safe and unaffected. (lu.se)

Tom Longendyke cleans mussels from a screen that filters water going into a treatment plant in St. Paul, Minnesota. (mtpr.org)
Mussels cling to a screen that filters water going into a treatment plant in St. Paul, Minnesota. (mtpr.org)
This paper compares the legal treatment given to unforeseen subsurface conditions in several jurisdictions and will comment on the FIDIC Emerald Book form of contract. (ibanet.org)
Irrigation fed weeds in the subsurface treatment grew in the alleyway, where they could be controlled with a normal mowing pass, rather than specialized under vine equipment. (ives-openscience.eu)
Papers that are focused primarily on water engineering and treatment technologies or on the environmental behaviour of engineered nanomaterials would be better suited to our sister journals, Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology and Environmental Science: Nano . (rsc.org)
If this concentration is reached or exceeded, certain actions (such as further treatment and monitoring) must be taken to comply with a drinking water regulation. (cdc.gov)
This slimy "home" acts as a barrier to water treatment chemicals, like chlorine, helping the germs survive and multiply. (cdc.gov)

SubSurface" looks into Montana's future (or one possible future) to see how the invasive mussels changed the Great Lakes region, and examines Montana's efforts to detect and prevent their spread. (mtpr.org)
Organisms on Earth have been discovered in the subglacial lakes of Antarctica and in the hot ion-rich waters of hydrothermal vents. (geology.com)

Aim: To evaluate the water sorption, solubility and surface roughness of commercial surface sealants for restorations. (bvsalud.org)
Water sorption (WS) and solubility (SL) were assessed as recommended by the ISO 4049/2000 and were expressed in μg/mm3. (bvsalud.org)
b) surface roughness will increase after water sorption and solubility, with no difference between sealants. (bvsalud.org)

Then, dye patterns were captured using a digital camera and soil water and pore water electric conductivity were measured by a WET-sensor. (lu.se)

A study of the options for quality requirements for the application of soil and dredged material containing PFAS in fresh surface water. (deltares.nl)
The next step was to examine which principles could be applied to quality limits: 1) environmental protection in line with the WFD standards for water, 2) standstill level of the receiving environment (the coastal zone) and 3) standstill level in the source environment (Dutch surface water). (deltares.nl)
In this study, we report high‐quality draft genomes of two novel comammox Nitrospira from the terrestrial subsurface, representing one clade A and one clade B comammox organism. (osti.gov)
Industry trials with subsurface irrigation showed that water use could be reduced by 30% with no loss in yield or quality compared with aboveground irrigation. (ives-openscience.eu)
A number of factors influenced women's water management choices, and hence, their use of the canal: effort involved, water quality and cost, and an appreciation of the opportunity for social interaction with relatives and neighbors. (cdc.gov)
Water quality was also an issue. (cdc.gov)

Depending on resistivity or conductivity, the returned signal helps geoscientists establish the nature of the subsurface. (gfxspeak.com)
To ensure the homogeneity of the medium and a well-defined value of dielectric permittivity and conductivity (attenuation), we designed and fabricated a testbed filled with water. (unifi.it)
The USBM, the University of Arizona, Sandia National Laboratories, and Zonge Engineering and Research, Inc., conducted cooperative field tests of six electromagnetic (EM) geophysical methods to compare their effectiveness in detecting salt water brine of conductivity 3.6 S / m collecting at the water table, 157 m subsurface. (cdc.gov)

Mapping surface soil water content with the ground wave of. (spiedigitallibrary.org)
The genesis of AGS software was to ensure clean drinking water for future generations by mapping groundwater across Denmark. (gfxspeak.com)
This fast, cost-effective method of subsurface mapping can cover large areas (10s-1000s of km 2 ) in a few days. (gfxspeak.com)
It requires no new drilling or ground access, and, using 3D modeling and visualization software, provides a quick turnaround for mapping the subsurface. (gfxspeak.com)
Using subsurface mapping, your project team can find and plan around unforeseen underground and underwater obstacles. (mccarthy.com)

The stated objectives of the MA-MISS experiment are: Determine the composition of subsurface materials. (wikipedia.org)

The natural and geotechnical conditions found in the subsurface of a project site and surrounding areas are often a point of stress for parties during contract negotiation, execution and dispute resolution. (ibanet.org)
Most of these areas likely have been cold enough to trap water ice for a billion years, suggesting that ice deposits could exist there now. (astronomynow.com)
Divert water from boggy areas by installing tile or a french drain lined with gravel. (maine.gov)

Anatomy6

Organisms29

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs77

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment26

Psychiatry and Psychology4

Phenomena and Processes78

Disciplines and Occupations9

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture6

Information Science5

Health Care42

Geographicals8

Associated environments1

Deep subsurface3

WASTEWATER4

Processes12

Abstract1

Injection3

Martian3

Drainage6

Locating1

Climate change4

Aquifer storage1

Infiltration2

Drip8

Flow6

Ecosystems1

Characterization1

Seeps1

Permeability2

Hydraulic5

State's1

Oceans1

Microbial1

Conductive2

Dams4

Shallow4

Ices2

20191

Assessment1

Pluto4

Aquifers4

Chemistry3

20221

Geophysics1

Remediation1

Pollution2

Losses2

Surfaces4

Retention3

Geologic1

Sensors1

Expands1

Efficiency3

Extraction2

Surface waters2

Compounds3

Microscopic2

Temperature9

Distribution5

Distinct1

System21

Degradation1

Evaporation2

Boreholes1

Typically2

Mars6

Groundwater below1

Diffusion2

Data5

Influence1

Treatment7

Lakes2

Sorption3

Pore-water1

Quality6

Conductivity3

Mapping5

Determine1

Areas3