• In enzymology, a 2-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.52) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction acyl-CoA + 2-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } CoA + 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are acyl-CoA and 2-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate, whereas its two products are CoA and 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate. (wikipedia.org)
  • The systematic name of this enzyme class is acyl-CoA:2-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate O-acyltransferase. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here we show that SLC4 (Yor175c), a gene of hitherto unknown function, encodes a second 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase. (unifr.ch)
  • SLC4 harbors a membrane bound O-acyl transferase (MBOAT) motif, and down regulation of SLC4 strongly reduces 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase activity in microsomes from slc1Δ cells. (unifr.ch)
  • 2008). AGPAT6 is a novel microsomal glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase. (geneticsmr.com)
  • 2008). Identification of a novel sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase isoform, GPAT4, as the enzyme deficient in Agpat6-/- mice. (geneticsmr.com)
  • Functional characterization of the human 1-acylglycerol- 3-phosphate-O-acyltransferase isoform 10/glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase isoform 3. (geneticsmr.com)
  • 2005). Cloning and characterization a novel human 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3- phosphate acyltransferase gene AGPAT7. (geneticsmr.com)
  • The entire pathway for triacylglycerol synthesis consists of four enzymatic steps, which catalyze sequential reactions starting from sn -glycerol-3-phosphate and ending with triacylglycerol (TG) ( Fig. 1 ). (aocs.org)
  • This pathway begins with the acylation of glycerol-3-phosphate (G-3-P) by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases (GPATs) at the sn -1 position followed by a second acylation of lysophosphatidate (LPA) at the sn -2 position by lysophosphatidate acyltransferases (LPAATs). (aocs.org)
  • Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LPAT) is a key enzyme in biosynthesis pathway of vegetable oil in plant. (chinacrops.org)
  • We constructed a full-length cDNA library of peanut ( Arachis hypogaea ) seed via a large number of sequences of expressed sequence tag (EST) and gene functional annotation, a lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase gene, designated AhLPAT, and its genomic DNA sequence were isolated from peanut. (chinacrops.org)
  • Cloning and Expression Analysis of Lysophosphatidic Acid Acyltransferase (LPAT) Encoding Gene in Peanut[J]. Acta Agron Sin, 2012, 38(02): 245-255. (chinacrops.org)
  • 2]Maisonneuve S, Bessoule J J, Lessire R, Delseny M, Roscoe T J. Expression of rapeseed microsomal lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase isozymes enhances seed oil content in Arabidopsis. (chinacrops.org)
  • Characterization of a human lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase that is encoded by a gene located in the class III region of the human major histocompatibility complex. (geneticsmr.com)
  • Lipin-1 is the best-characterized protein of the lipin family. (aocs.org)
  • Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Jagged 1 Protein (JAG1) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids. (kits-elisa.com)
  • Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Human Jagged 1 Protein (JAG1) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates, cell culture supernates and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species. (kits-elisa.com)
  • Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Jagged 1 Protein from Human in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids. (kits-elisa.com)
  • Description: Quantitativesandwich ELISA kit for measuring Human Protein jagged-1 (JAG1) in samples from serum, plasma, tissue homogenates. (kits-elisa.com)
  • Description: A sandwich quantitative ELISA assay kit for detection of Mouse Jagged 1 Protein (JAG1) in samples from tissue homogenates or other biological fluids. (kits-elisa.com)
  • However, the lipid profiles generated by microsomes from slc1Δ and slc4Δ cells are different and this suggests that Slc1p and Slc4p have a different substrate specificity or have access to different lyso-glycerophospholipid substrates because of a different subcellular location. (unifr.ch)
  • 2007). A "silent" polymorphism in the MDR1 gene changes substrate specificity. (geneticsmr.com)
  • In yeast it is generated from lyso-phosphatidic acid, which is acylated by Slc1p, a sn-2-specific, acyl-Coenzyme A-dependent 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase. (unifr.ch)
  • Microsomes from slc1Δ and slc4Δ cells incubated with [¹⁴C]-oleoyl-Coenzyme A in the absence of lyso-phosphatidic acid and without CTP still incorporate the label into glycerophospholipids, indicating that Slc1p and Slc4p can also use endogenous lyso-glycerophospholipids as substrates. (unifr.ch)
  • Thus, Slc1p and Slc4p may not only be active as 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferases, but also be involved in fatty acid exchange at the sn-2 position of mature glycerophospholipids. (unifr.ch)
  • Lipins also act in the nucleus as transcriptional co-activators with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator-1α (PGC-1α) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α to regulate target genes involved in fatty acid oxidation. (aocs.org)
  • Mice lacking lipin-1 ( fld or fatty liver dystrophy) develop fatty livers and hypertriglyceridemia in the pre-weaning period, and are also devoid of mature adipose tissue [reviewed in 1]. (aocs.org)
  • PGC-1α and PPARα are both master regulators of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid oxidation, respectively [reviewed in 6]. (aocs.org)
  • The functions of the lipins in co-regulating the effects of PGC-1α and PPARα and also acting as a PAP demonstrate the unique abilities of lipins to regulate both glycerolipid synthesis and fatty acid oxidation. (aocs.org)
  • Functional characterization of human 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase isoform 8: cloning, tissue distribution, gene structure, and enzymatic activity. (geneticsmr.com)
  • lyrata (Lyre-leaved rock-cress) Triacylglycerol lipase 2 gene At5g1418 MUA22.18 MUA22.19 MYZUS PERSICAE-INDUCED LIPASE 1 , arath-Q8LPF5 Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) Arabidopsis lyrata subsp. (inrae.fr)
  • Lipid molecules have these properties because they consist largely of long hydrocarbon tails which are lipophilic in nature as well as polar headgroups (e.g. phosphate-based functionality, and/or inositol based functionality). (medmuv.com)
  • The sequence of AhLPAT cDNA was 1 629 bp, and its genomic sequence was 5 331 bp. (chinacrops.org)
  • The PAP activities of the lipins depend on a conserved C-terminus domain with sequence homology to the haloacid dehalogenase or HAD-like domain [1]. (aocs.org)
  • The DxDxT catalytic motif is present in all HAD-like domains, along with a characteristic and conserved sequence of α-helices and β-sheets [3]. (aocs.org)
  • Diacylglycerol is the direct precursor for the production of the zwitterionic phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine (Fig. 1 ). (aocs.org)
  • PAP controls the balance between phosphatidate, which is needed for the synthesis of acidic phospholipids, and diacylglycerol, which is used to synthesize triacylglycerols, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, respectively [1]. (aocs.org)
  • To generate mice lacking TGs in adipose tissue (ADGAT DKO), we crossed adipose tissue-specific Dgat1 knockout mice (Cre-transgene expressed under control of the mouse adiponectin promoter 3 ) with Dgat2 flox mice 4 . (elifesciences.org)
  • For example, lipin-1 is the major PAP in adipose tissue, and cardiac and skeletal muscle since lipin-1-deficient mice had little if any detectable PAP activity [2]. (aocs.org)
  • lyrata (Lyre-leaved rock-cress) F15A23.3 triacylglycerol lipase 1 precursor (EC 3.1.1.3) , arath-LIP2 Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) Arabidopsis lyrata subsp. (inrae.fr)
  • The phosphatidate formed is dephosphorylated by the PAP activity of the lipins and lastly diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGATs) act on diacylglycerol (DG) to form triacylglycerol (TG). (aocs.org)
  • 3) that were divided into two major clusters corresponding to the main phases observed during the preadipocyte culture: proliferation and differentiation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Proliferation cluster comprised 1028 genes up-regulated from days 3 to 8 of culture meanwhile the differentiation cluster was characterized by 2140 induced genes from days 15 to 21. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We generated mice lacking both known TG synthesis enzymes, DGAT1 and DGAT2 1 , 2 , in adipocytes. (elifesciences.org)
  • Whole cell extracts (30 µg lysate) of 3T3-L1 (Lane 1), 3T3-L1 differentiated to adipocytes (Lane 2), Mouse Adipose (Lane 3), Rat Adipose (Lane 4), Mouse Brown Fat (Lane 5) and Mouse Skeletal Muscle (Lane 5) were electrophoresed using Novex® NuPAGE® 4-12 % Bis-Tris gel (Product # NP0322B. (thermofisher.com)
  • Here, we focus on the recently obtained knowledge considering structural genes as well as transcriptional and post-translational regulators involved in the metabolic pathways underlying both appearance and internal quality such as those involved in chlorophyll, carotenoid, cell wall, central and secondary metabolism (Table 1 , Figure 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Despite the importance of the PAP reaction, identification of the genes responsible for encoding PAP enzymes remained elusive until 2006 when the yeast PAP was identified and was shown to be an orthologue of a family of three mammalian proteins called lipins [reviewed in 1]. (aocs.org)
  • Conserved domains prediction indicated that AhLPAT comprised a typical conserved acyltransferase domain and a conserved lysophospholipid acyltransferases domain. (chinacrops.org)
  • RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS- Human microvascular HMEC-1 endothelial cells were incubated in low and high glucose concentrations (5 and 30 mmol/l, respectively), and activation of nrf2 was assessed by nuclear translocation. (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Lipin-1 and -2 have a second function as transcriptional co-activators acting in a complex with transcriptional regulators called peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) [1,3] (Fig. 1). (aocs.org)
  • Indeed, affinity-purified Slc1p displays Mg²⁺-dependent acyltransferase activity not only towards lyso-phosphatidic acid but also lyso forms of phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol. (unifr.ch)
  • Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + [heparan sulfate]-glucosamine = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + [heparan sulfate]-glucosamine 3-sulfate. (virtualflybrain.org)
  • Lipin-3 is most highly expressed in the intestine as shown by the analysis of mRNA distribution in different tissues [4]. (aocs.org)
  • This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups. (wikipedia.org)
  • From August 2018 to August 2021, 15 patients with DFU who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, including 12 males and 3 females, aged 42-65 years, with a history of type 2 diabetes for 5-19 years. (bvsalud.org)
  • Strategies: On this unmatched 1:1 case-control examine, blood samples from 46 real-time RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 hospitalized circumstances and 45 wholesome donors (adverse controls) have been studied. (kits-elisa.com)
  • The ongoing intensification of salmonids aquaculture industry has led to the development of diets with high lipid content, which can induce an increase in subcutaneous, intramuscular and especially in visceral fat depots [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The duration of the operation was (226.9±22.8) minutes (range: 210 to 255 minutes), estimated blood loss was (93.8±25.9) ml (range: 75 to 150 ml), the retention time of the postoperative drainage tube was (4.8±1.3) days (range: 3 to 7 days), and the duration of postoperative hospitalization was (11.1±3.6) days (range: 9 to 14 days). (bvsalud.org)
  • The follow-up time in this group was 3 to 9 months, the follow-up patients underwent imaging and other examinations, which showed a significant improvement in hydronephrosis on the affected side, and the value of renal pelvic separation on the affected side was (1.4±0.8) cm (range: 0 to 2.3 cm). (bvsalud.org)
  • Five cases on the left side, 3 cases on the right side, the length of the ureteral structure was (3.1±0.7) cm (range: 2.2 to 4.5 cm). (bvsalud.org)
  • flaps in 14 patients survived completely, and the flap in 1 patient developed partial necrosis at 3 weeks after stage â ¡ surgery, which was healed after debridement and skin grafting. (bvsalud.org)