Substrate specificity for mitogen activated protein kinase. Medical search. Frequent questions

They negatively regulate members of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase superfamily (MAPK/ERK, SAPK/JNK, p38), which is associated with cellular proliferation and differentiation. (nih.gov)
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) activate pathways mediated by serine-threonine kinases, such as the PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase)-Akt pathway, the Ras-MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase)-RSK (ribosomal S6 kinase) pathway, and the mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin)-p70 S6 pathway, that control important aspects of cell growth, proliferation, and survival. (omicsdi.org)
We identified a subset of proteins with RxRxxS/T sites for which phosphorylation was decreased by RTK inhibitors (RTKIs), as well as by inhibitors of the PI3K, mTOR, and MAPK pathways, and we determined the effects of small interfering RNA directed against these substrates on cell viability. (omicsdi.org)
Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a regulatory link between the membrane-associated Ras GTPases and the MAPK/ERK cascade, and this critical regulatory link functions as a switch determining cell fate decisions including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, survival and oncogenic transformation. (inamericawithgrace.com)
The kinases of this family that have been suggested to play a role in apoptosis are the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, specifically p42/44 ERK, p38 MAPK and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), protein kinase B (PKB), or Akt and protein kinase C (PKC). (inamericawithgrace.com)
os-4 (MAPK kinase kinase), os-5 (MAPK kinase), and os-2 (MAPK). (llu.edu)
Here we demonstrate that p38 MAPK gamma (p38γ) acts as a CDK-like kinase and thus cooperates with CDKs, regulating entry into the cell cycle. (nature.com)
The pathways involve a triple kinase core cascade comprising of the MAP kinase (MAPK), which is phosphorylated and activated by a MAPK kinase (MAPKK or MKK), which itself is phosphorylated and activated by a MAPK kinase kinase (MAPKKK or MKKK). (umbc.edu)
PBS2 and Wis1 are components of stress-activated MAPK cascades in budding and fission yeast, respectively. (umbc.edu)
Wis1 phosphorylates and activates the MAPK Sty1 (also called Spc1 or Phh1), which stimulates a transcriptional response to a wide range of cellular insults through the bZip transcription factors Atf1, Pcr1, and Pap1. (umbc.edu)
p38 kinases are activated by the MAPK kinases MKK3 and MKK6, which in turn are activated by upstream MAPK kinase kinases including TAK1, ASK1, and MLK3, in response to cellular stresses or inflammatory cytokines. (umbc.edu)
Using highly sensitive MAP kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation assays, we demonstrate that four wild tomato species and the closely related potato ( S. tuberosum ) do not respond to the FACs N-linolenoyl-L-glutamine and N-linolenoyl-L-glutamic acid, excluding a domestication effect. (springer.com)
Dual specificity protein phosphatase 4 (DUSP4) is a critical negative regulator of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and is often deleted or epigenetically silenced in tumors. (biomedcentral.com)
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades transmit environmental signals and induce stress and defence responses in plants. (biorxiv.org)
Highlight Double MAPK phosphatase mutant plants ap2c1 mkp1 exhibit constitutive, autoimmune-like stress responses, dependent on their substrate MAPK MPK6. (biorxiv.org)
The present study explored the effect of NAC on LPS‑induced apoptosis of HUVECs and determined the participation of the p38 mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in the process of apoptosis. (spandidos-publications.com)
Signal transduction through the RAF-MEK-ERK pathway, the first described mitogen-associated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, mediates multiple cellular processes and participates in early and late developmental programs. (amsterdamumc.org)
Pathogenic variants promote increased phosphorylation of the kinase, which enhances translocation to the nucleus and boosts MAPK signaling in vitro and in vivo. (amsterdamumc.org)
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cell signalling pathways feature three sequentially acting protein kinases making up a signalling module: an MKKK (MAPK kinase kinase) that phosphorylates and thereby activates an MKK (MAPK kinase), which then activates the MAPK by phosphorylation. (idpbynmr.eu)

They regulate all cellular processes by transducing inter- and intracellular signals via the phosphorylation of specific protein substrates. (dissertation.com)
To gain further knowledge about the PI3K-AKT-mTOR-S6K and the RAF-MEK-ERK-RSK signaling networks in myotubes, we analyzed changes in protein phosphorylation levels upon pathway activation and direct kinase inhibition on a global scale. (omicsdi.org)
To deepen our understanding of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR-S6K and the RAF-MEK-ERK-RSK signaling network in myotubes, we globally analyzed changes in protein phosphorylation levels upon kinase inhibition within these pathways. (omicsdi.org)
In contrast, BI-D1870 does not affect the agonist-triggered phosphorylation of substrates for six other AGC kinases. (omicsdi.org)
Moreover, BI-D1870 does not suppress the phorbol ester- or EGF-induced phosphorylation of CREB (cAMP-response-element-binding protein), consistent with the genetic evidence indicating that MSK, and not RSK, isoforms mediate the mitogen-induced phosphorylation of this transcription factor. (omicsdi.org)
In mouse hepatocytes, p38γ induces proliferation after partial hepatectomy by promoting the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma tumour suppressor protein at known CDK target residues. (nature.com)
In this study we used phosphorylation of the transcription factor cAMP response element-binding protein as a functional readout to identify cells responding to EGF and FGF-2. (beauty104.com.tw)
The beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 (beta ARK1) is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK) family that mediates the agonist-dependent phosphorylation and desensitization of G protein-coupled receptors. (duke.edu)
Homeodomain-interacting protein kinases (HIPKs) belong to the CMGC kinase family and are closely related to dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinases (DYRKs). (nature.com)
HIPKs belong to the CMGC group of serine/threonine kinases and are part of the dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase (DYRK) family. (nature.com)
The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) ERK2/MAPK1 and ERK1/MAPK3 (hereafter referred to collectively as ERK1/2) are activated by phosphorylation in a canonical Raf MEK ERK kinase cascade in response to most growth factors and cytokines, and ERK1/2 phosphorylate more than 150 cytosolic and nuclear substrates [5], [6]. (scienza-under-18.org)
Considering that a host of intracellular proteins are affected by proteasome inhibition, coupled with evidence that knockdown of MKP3 expression enhances growth factor-stimulated ERK phosphorylation in some contexts [13] but not in others [16], led us to question whether or not the diminution of ERK signaling in MG132-treated cells could be attributed solely to upregulation of MKP3 and other DUSPs. (scienza-under-18.org)
This has led to the development of a range of ERK1/2 inhibitors (ERKi) that either inhibit kinase catalytic activity (catERKi) or additionally prevent the activating pT-E-pY dual phosphorylation of ERK1/2 by MEK1/2 (dual-mechanism or dmERKi). (babraham.ac.uk)
Dual threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation activate both ERKs, at Thr202/Tyr204 for human ERK1 and Thr185/Tyr187 for human ERK2. (assaysolution.com)

Extracellular regulated kinases (ERK) 1 and ERK2 are authentic substrates for the dual-specificity protein-tyrosine phosphatase VHR. (wikipedia.org)
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the dual specificity protein phosphatase subfamily. (nih.gov)
DUSP9, a Dual-Specificity Phosphatase with a Key Role in Cell Biology and Human Diseases. (nih.gov)
Expression of Dual-Specificity Phosphatase 9 in Placenta and Its Relationship with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. (nih.gov)
Find Dual Specificity Phosphatase 3 Antibodies for a variety of species such as anti-Human Dual Specificity Phosphatase 3, anti-Mouse Dual Specificity Phosphatase 3, anti-Rat Dual Specificity Phosphatase 3. (antibodies-online.com)
Find Dual Specificity Phosphatase 3 Antibodies validated for a specific application such as WB, ELISA, IHC, IF (cc). (antibodies-online.com)
Find Dual Specificity Phosphatase 3 Antibodies with a specific Host. (antibodies-online.com)
Find available monoclonal or polyclonal Dual Specificity Phosphatase 3 Antibodies. (antibodies-online.com)
Find Dual Specificity Phosphatase 3 Antibodies with a specific conjugate such as Biotin, FITC, HRP. (antibodies-online.com)
Two variant classes are identified, one of which directly disrupts binding to MKP3, a dual-specificity protein phosphatase negatively regulating ERK function. (amsterdamumc.org)
Assay Genie Pre-coated ELISpot kits include precoated PVDF plates, Detection antibody, Alkaline phosphatase conjugate, BSA, BCIP/NBT ready-to-use substrate buffer. (assaygenie.com)

We have previously examined the specificities of 28 commercially available compounds, reported to be relatively selective inhibitors of particular serine/threonine-specific protein kinases [Davies, Reddy, Caivano and Cohen (2000) Biochem. (nih.gov)
Secondly, I studied the functional roles of two extremely conserved phosphosites that exist ubiquitously in the activation T-loops of most protein-serine/threonine kinases. (dissertation.com)
V-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 ( B-RAF) is a gene that codes a protein B-Raf, which is a serine/ threonine-protein kinase. (inamericawithgrace.com)
Proto-oncogene with serine/threonine kinase activity involved in cell survival and cell proliferation and thus providing a selective advantage in tumorigenesis (PubMed:15528381, PubMed:1825810, PubMed:31548394). (inamericawithgrace.com)
STRAP (Serine/Threonine Kinase Receptor Associated Protein) is a Protein Coding gene. (inamericawithgrace.com)
A topological analysis predicted PknB, the serine/threonine protein kinase of S. The serine/threonine-specific protein kinase Akt (protein kinase B), when phosphorylated by phosphotidylinositol-3-kinase, is a key mediator of tolerance. (inamericawithgrace.com)
The great majority are serine/threonine kinases, which phosphorylate the hydroxyl groups of serines and threonines in their targets. (inamericawithgrace.com)
Regarded as constitutively active enzymes, known to participate in many, diverse biological processes, the intracellular regulation bestowed on the CK1 family of serine/threonine protein kinases is critically important, yet poorly understood. (inamericawithgrace.com)
The specificity of serine/threonine kinases is partly determined by interactions with a few residues near the phospho-acceptor residue, forming the so-called kinase-substrate motif. (inamericawithgrace.com)
Akt is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase that plays a critical role in controlling the balance between survival and death pathways in cells. (inamericawithgrace.com)
Serine/threonine (S/T) protein kinases are crucial components of diverse signaling pathways in eukaryotes, including the model filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa. (inamericawithgrace.com)
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that functions as the major effector of the Ras protein, a small GTPase. (proteinkinase.biz)
PKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine or tyrosine residues on protein substrates. (umbc.edu)
The MAPKK subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other protein serine/threonine kinases, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. (umbc.edu)
Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase. (umbc.edu)
Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs), p38 subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. (umbc.edu)
The DUSPs represent a large family of phosphatases [ 9 ] with varying tissue expression, cellular localization and serine/threonine substrates. (biomedcentral.com)
DYRKs are named after their characteristic dual-specificity, as they auto-phosphorylate a conserved tyrosine in their activation loop, but phosphorylate substrates on serine and threonine residues 2 . (nature.com)
C-terminally adjacent to the HID follows a proline, glutamate, serine, and threonine (PEST)-rich domain, mediating proteasomal degradation of these kinases. (nature.com)
A group of enzymes removing the SERINE- or THREONINE-bound phosphate groups from a wide range of phosphoproteins, including a number of enzymes which have been phosphorylated under the action of a kinase. (bvsalud.org)

Here, we report that de novo missense variants in MAPK1, encoding the mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (i.e., extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 2, ERK2), cause a neurodevelopmental disease within the RASopathy phenotypic spectrum, reminiscent of Noonan syndrome in some subjects. (amsterdamumc.org)
Our data support a model in which the identified pathogenic variants operate with counteracting effects on MAPK1 function by differentially impacting the ability of the kinase to interact with regulators and substrates, which likely explains the minor role of these variants as driver events contributing to oncogenesis. (amsterdamumc.org)
Affinity and binding kinetics of CPTC-MAPK1-1 antibody and full-length MAPK1 recombinant protein were measured using biolayer interferometry. (cancer.gov)
MAPK1 full length recombinant protein was amine coupled onto AR2G biosensors. (cancer.gov)
MAPK1 recombinant protein was amine coupled onto a Series S CM5 biosensor chip. (cancer.gov)
MAPK1 protein expression was not detected. (cancer.gov)
Indirect ELISA using CPTC-MAPK1-1 antibody as primary rabbit antibody against full length recombinant MAPK1 protein. (cancer.gov)
MAPK1 recombinant protein was coated on the plate and detected using goat anti-rabbit antibody and TMB. (cancer.gov)
Protein Array in which CPTC-MAPK1-1 is screened against the NCI60 cell line panel for expression. (cancer.gov)
Necessary for the normal dephosphorylation of the long-lasting phosphorylated forms of spinal MAPK1/3 and MAP kinase p38 induced by peripheral surgery, which drives the resolution of acute postoperative allodynia (By similarity). (nih.gov)
ERK1 and ERK2 (also known as MAPK3 and MAPK1) are 44 and 42 kDa Ser/Thr kinases, respectively. (assaysolution.com)

Dual-specificity mitogen-activated protein kinases kinases (MAPKKs) are the immediate upstream activators of MAPKs. (edu.sa)
They simultaneously phosphorylate the TXY motif within the activation loop of MAPKs, allowing them to interact with and regulate multiple substrates. (edu.sa)
p38 kinases are mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), serving as important mediators of cellular responses to extracellular signals. (umbc.edu)
The p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases (MAPKs) are a family of four related Ser/Thr kinases activated by proinflammatory cytokines and environmental stresses. (rndsystems.com)

The substrate specificities of the ERK1 and ERK2 protein kinases are very similar. (proteinkinase.biz)
Gonzalez FA, Raden DL, Davis RJ (1991) "Identification of substrate recognition determinants for human ERK1 and ERK2 protein kinases" J. Biol. (proteinkinase.biz)
Our results suggest that ERKi, including current clinical candidates, act as 'kinase degraders', driving the proteasome-dependent turnover of their major target, ERK2. (babraham.ac.uk)
This assay has high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of Porcine Total ERK2. (assaysolution.com)
ERK1 and ERK2 were initially isolated and cloned as kinases activated in response to insulin and NGF. (assaysolution.com)

Ganglioside conversion by Neu3 sialidase further activates the ERK pathway. (jneurosci.org)
The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is an essential quality control mechanism directing degradation of mislocated, misfolded, and damaged proteins, and, by tempering the expression levels Carnosol of specific signaling proteins, it also exerts a level of control over cell physiology [1]. (scienza-under-18.org)
However, recent studies have suggested that BRAFi/MEKi and ERK1/2i resistance can arise through activation of a parallel signalling pathway leading to activation of ERK5, an unusual protein kinase that contains both a kinase domain and a transcriptional transactivation domain. (babraham.ac.uk)
Role of intrinsically disordered regions in kinase signalling pathways: Substrate recognition in the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway. (idpbynmr.eu)
My work focuses on the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signalling pathway. (idpbynmr.eu)
In the poster section, Joanna Shisler (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [UIUC], Urbana) reported that the modified virus, Ankara, activates nuclear factor κB through the mitogen-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, possibly facilitating the host immune response. (cdc.gov)
In the poster section, Joanna Shisler (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [UIUC], Urbana) reported that the modified virus, Ankara, activates nuclear factor κB through the mitogen-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal–regulated kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, possibly facilitating the host immune response. (cdc.gov)

This kinase is activated by upstream kinases, resulting in its translocation to the nucleus where it phosphorylates nuclear targets. (wikipedia.org)
ERK signaling is usually inappropriately activated in a wide array of human cancers, which can be caused by an activating mutation in one of the upstream signaling proteins or through overexpression of growth factors or growth factor receptors [7], [8]. (scienza-under-18.org)
Because MMP-13 and its regulatory networks are suitable targets for the development of effective early treatment strategies for OA, we discuss the specific targets of MMP-13, including upstream regulatory proteins, DNA methylation, non-coding RNAs, and autophagy-related proteins of MMP-13, and their therapeutic potential to inhibit the development of OA. (biomedcentral.com)

MAP kinases, also known as extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), act in a signaling cascade that regulates various cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and cell cycle progression in response to a variety of extracellular signals. (wikipedia.org)
The extensively examined extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) 1/2 from the mitogen-activated protein kinase family were used as a model in this study. (dissertation.com)
proteasome inhibition interferes with cell cycle progression, upregulates tumor suppressors such as p53, and diminishes activation of pro-proliferation pathways such as those controlled by NFB and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) [3], [4]. (scienza-under-18.org)

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3, also known as p44MAPK and ERK1, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAPK3 gene. (wikipedia.org)
It has been suggested that MAPK3, along with the gene IRAK1, is turned off by two microRNAs that were activated after the influenza A virus had been made to infect human lung cells. (wikipedia.org)

This most likely occurs from defects in postreceptor insulin signal transduction at the level of insulin receptor substrate-1 and phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinase ( 6 - 9 ) as well as defects in trafficking and/or function of GLUT4 ( 10 , 11 ), the major insulin-regulated GLUT isoform expressed in skeletal muscle ( 12 ). (diabetesjournals.org)
The FGFs are heparin -binding proteins and interactions with cell-surface associated heparan sulfate proteoglycans has been shown to be essential for FGF signal transduction. (beauty104.com.tw)

Hormones and growth factors induce the activation of a number of protein kinases that belong to the AGC subfamily, including isoforms of PKA, protein kinase B (also known as Akt), PKC, S6K p70 (ribosomal S6 kinase), RSK (p90 ribosomal S6 kinase) and MSK (mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase), which then mediate many of the physiological processes that are regulated by these extracellular agonists. (omicsdi.org)
Protein kinases (PKs), MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK) subfamily, fungal PBS2-like proteins, catalytic (c) domain. (umbc.edu)

The mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling pathways are important mediators of cellular responses to extracellular signals. (umbc.edu)
Akt pathways have effects on apoptosis, protein synthesis, metabolism and cell cycle. (springer.com)
AMPK pathways inhibit biosynthetic pathways with energy consumption, such as protein, fatty acid and glycogen synthesis. (springer.com)
NF-κB pathways can be mainly activated by two pathways. (springer.com)

G protein-coupled receptor activation leads to the membrane recruitment and activation of G protein-coupled receptor kinases, which phosphorylate receptors and lead to their inactivation. (duke.edu)
Recombinant HIPKs and DYRK1A are auto-activated and phosphorylate the negative elongation factor SPT5, the transcription factor c-Myc, and the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II, suggesting a direct function in transcriptional regulation. (nature.com)

The most frequently analyzed family member, p38 alpha, also known as SAPK2a and MAPK14, was initially purified as a kinase critical to the signaling cascade linking IL-1 to MAPKAPK-2 and the small heat shock protein HSP27. (rndsystems.com)

These phosphatases inactivate their target kinases by dephosphorylating both the phosphoserine/threonine and phosphotyrosine residues. (nih.gov)
Different members of the family of dual specificity phosphatases show distinct substrate specificities for various MAP kinases, different tissue distribution and subcellular localization, and different modes of inducibility of their expression by extracellular stimuli. (nih.gov)

Catalytic domain of fungal PBS2-like dual-specificity MAP kinase kinases. (umbc.edu)
Poly-ubiquitinated proteins, targeted by E3 ubiquitin ligases, can be acknowledged and degraded by the 26S proteasome, a multi-subunit, Carnosol multi-catalytic protease machine [2]. (scienza-under-18.org)
While the structures of the catalytic domains of the involved kinases are known, the N-terminal intrinsically disordered regulatory domains pose a bigger challenge because of their flexibility and therefore call for NMR. (idpbynmr.eu)

A beta-adrenergic receptor kinase-like enzyme is involved in olfactory signal termination. (duke.edu)
Bbeta-adrenergic receptor kinase-1 levels in catecholamine-induced myocardial hypertrophy: regulation by beta- but not alpha1-adrenergic stimulation. (duke.edu)
beta2-Adrenergic receptor regulation by GIT1, a G protein-coupled receptor kinase-associated ADP ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein. (duke.edu)
Essential role of beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 in cardiac development and function. (duke.edu)
Expression of a beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 inhibitor prevents the development of myocardial failure in gene-targeted mice. (duke.edu)
Functional desensitization of the isolated beta-adrenergic receptor by the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase: potential role of an analog of the retinal protein arrestin (48-kDa protein). (duke.edu)
The beta-adrenergic receptor kinase is an enzyme, possibly analogous to rhodopsin kinase, that multiply phosphorylates the beta-adrenergic receptor only when it is occupied by stimulatory agonists. (duke.edu)
Functionally active targeting domain of the beta-adrenergic receptor kinase: an inhibitor of G beta gamma-mediated stimulation of type II adenylyl cyclase. (duke.edu)
The beta-adrenergic receptor kinase (beta ARK) phosphorylates its membrane-associated receptor substrates, such as the beta-adrenergic receptor, triggering events leading to receptor desensitization. (duke.edu)
We also found that chitin elicitor receptor kinase OsCERK1 and a mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, the OsMKK4-OsMPK6 cascade, play essential roles in the elicitor-induced production of diterpenoid phytoalexins. (go.jp)

Our results suggest that the combined use of Roscovitine and Kenpaullone may be useful for identifying substrates and physiological roles of cyclin-dependent protein kinases, whereas the combined use of Kenpaullone and LiCl may be useful for identifying substrates and physiological roles of glycogen synthase kinase 3. (nih.gov)
BI-D1870 is cell permeant and prevents the RSK-mediated phorbol ester- and EGF (epidermal growth factor)-induced phosphoryl-ation of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta and LKB1 in human embry-onic kidney 293 cells and Rat-2 cells. (omicsdi.org)
We then performed kinase enrichment analysis and successfully identified glycogen synthase kinase-3α (GSK3A) as the key kinase that may play an important role in the regulation of sperm motility. (bvsalud.org)

Glucose transport can be activated in skeletal muscle in response to insulin via activation of phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinase and in response to contractions or hypoxia, presumably via activation of 5′ AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). (diabetesjournals.org)

Pharmacological inhibition of ERK1/2 restores GSK3β activity and protein synthesis levels in a model of tuberous sclerosis. (wikipedia.org)
p38γ shares high sequence homology, inhibition sensitivity and substrate specificity with CDK family members. (nature.com)

The consensus sequence for ERK1 substrates has been identified as -Pro- Leu-Ser/Thr-Pro. (proteinkinase.biz)
1996) "A structural basis for substrate specificities of protein Ser/Thr kinases: primary sequence preference of casein kinases I and II, NIMA, phosphorylase kinase, calmodulin-dependent kinase II, CDK5, and Erk1" Mol Cell Biol. (proteinkinase.biz)
This may be relevant to the suggestion of kinase-independent effects of ERK1/2 and the therapeutic use of ERKi. (babraham.ac.uk)

p38 substrates include other protein kinases and factors that regulate transcription, nuclear export, mRNA stability and translation. (umbc.edu)
Once activated, p38 phosphorylates a number of targets, including the nuclear transcription factors ATF2 and Max. (rndsystems.com)
Once activated, p38 alpha phosphorylates a number of targets, including the cytoplasmic kinases MNK 4 and PRAK5 and the nuclear transcription factors ATF2 1 and STAT1. (rndsystems.com)

Of these, indirubin-3'-monoxime, SP 600125, KT 5823 and ML-9 were found to inhibit a number of protein kinases and conclusions drawn from their use in cell-based assays are likely to be erroneous. (nih.gov)
Suitable as substrate for kinase activity assays and for western blot analyses. (proteinkinase.biz)
Thus, the principle of protein or peptide haptenation could be used in in vitro assays to predict the sensitization potential of a new chemical entity. (cdc.gov)

Using castration and azoospermia transgenic mouse models, in the present study, we showed that quiescin sulfhydryl oxidase 1 (QSOX1) protein expression and secretion are positively correlated with the presence of testosterone and sperm cells. (bvsalud.org)
Taken together, our data demonstrated that testosterone and sperm maturation status are key regulators of mouse epididymal QSOX1 protein expression and secretion. (bvsalud.org)
Interestingly, replication stress in Brca2-null cells activates p53 and the expression of its target genes, including senescence-inducing Ink4/Arf. (biomedcentral.com)
A reduction of 75% in the expression of TK mRNA and protein was observed in HSV-1-infected cells that expressed these functional EGS RNAs. (azd1152.com)
In this study, one of these EGS variants was used to target the overlapping region of the mRNAs encoding HCMV essential immediately-early (IE) proteins IE1 and IE2, which are the viral major transcriptional activators responsible for activation of viral gene expression (1). (azd1152.com)
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can regulate the expression of apoptotic factors, including caspase‑3, Bcl‑2 and Bcl‑2‑associated X protein (Bax). (spandidos-publications.com)
The expression of caspase‑3, Bax, Bcl‑2, phosphorylated (p)‑p38MAPK/total (t‑)p38MAPK and p‑endothelial e nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)/t‑eNOS proteins were determined by western blotting. (spandidos-publications.com)
(B) Expressions of RNASET2 in human tissues were analyzed in the Human Protein Atlas database, and the resulting transcript expression values, denoted normalized expression (NX), were calculated for each gene in every sample. (frontiersin.org)
the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae is a well-known expression host used to express homologous and heterologous proteins in a number of industrial applications. (liverpool.ac.uk)

SIMKK-YFP plants showed enhanced activation of Arabidopsis MPK3 and MPK6 kinases upon salt treatment and exhibited high sensitivity against salt stress at the seedling stage, although they were salt insensitive during seed germination. (edu.sa)

In order to assess the importance of S/T kinases to Neurospora biology, we embarked on a global analysis of 86 S/T kinase genes in Neurospora. (inamericawithgrace.com)
This domain occurred 388 times on human genes ( 899 proteins). (umbc.edu)
This domain occurred 379 times on human genes ( 870 proteins). (umbc.edu)

Comparisons of primary, secondary and tertiary structures supported the hypothesis that protein kinases and choline kinases evolved from an ancient aminoacyl-tRNA ligase. (dissertation.com)

Additionally, I describe a novel method to produce a more unbiased polyclonal generic phosphotyrosine antibody than the monoclonal antibodies that are commonly used to enrich and track tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins. (dissertation.com)

Krishnamurthy VV , Fu J, Oh TJ, Khamo J , Yang J, Zhang K . A Generalizable Optogenetic Strategy to Regulate Receptor Tyrosine Kinases during Vertebrate Embryonic Development. (neurotree.org)

Starting from a manually aligned and annotated map of 492 typical human protein kinase domains, I first explored the origin of ePKs using a modified BLAST method in various species. (dissertation.com)
Proteins found in any species of fungus. (lookformedical.com)
The basis of hapten- molecular mechanisms of the sensitization pro- protein binding work is the hypothesis that upon cess will result in novel opportunities for the skin absorption, only protein-reactive chemicals development of alternative methods for assessing (or those that can be metabolically or chemically skin sensitization hazard and relative potency of converted to protein-reactive species) are able to chemicals. (cdc.gov)

BI-D1870 is a specific inhibitor of the p90 RSK (ribosomal S6 kinase) isoforms in vitro and in vivo. (omicsdi.org)

The tools and knowledge resulting from this research should enable improvements in the characterization of protein kinases and establishing their linkages to a variety of human diseases for the development of better diagnostic tests and therapeutic drugs. (dissertation.com)
functional characterization of nat/ncs2 proteins of aspergillus brasiliensis reveals a genuine xanthine-uric acid transporter and an intrinsically misfolded polypeptide. (liverpool.ac.uk)

A series of caspases proteins have been shown to be activated by the death induced signal complex [a form of death ligand that binds to the corresponding death receptor on the cell surface ( 13 )], which in turn induces apoptosis. (spandidos-publications.com)

Gene Ontology analysis indicated that these secreted proteins exhibit functions known to facilitate sperm membrane organization, cellular activity, and sperm-egg recognition. (bvsalud.org)

Various protein kinases are regulating the intracellular signaling network of skeletal muscle cells. (omicsdi.org)

Proteomic analysis of SIMKK-YFP overexpressors indicated the differential regulation of proteins directly or indirectly involved in salt stress responses. (edu.sa)

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) family. (wikipedia.org)
This gene product shows selectivity for members of the ERK family of MAP kinases and is localized to the cytoplasm and nucleus. (nih.gov)
The combined use of SU 6656 and either PP1 or PP2 may be useful for identifying substrates of Src family members. (nih.gov)
We developed a large-scale proteomic approach to identify more than 300 substrates of this kinase family in cancer cell lines driven by the c-Met, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), or platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRalpha) RTKs. (omicsdi.org)
The Akt kinase family comprises three highly homologous isoforms: Akt1 (PKBα), Akt2 (PKBβ), and Akt3 (PKBγ) [4,14]. (inamericawithgrace.com)
Homeodomain-interacting protein kinases (HIPKs) are an evolutionarily conserved kinase family comprising the members HIPK1, HIPK2, and HIPK3 in vertebrates, and, additionally, HIPK4 in mammals. (nature.com)
Within the HIPK family, HIPK1 and HIPK2 are the most closely related members, sharing about 93% sequence identity in their kinase domains, while HIPK3 is slightly less conserved with 87% identity. (nature.com)
Has a specificity for the ERK family (PubMed:9858808). (nih.gov)

Lundberg, A. S. & Weinberg, R. A. Functional inactivation of the retinoblastoma protein requires sequential modification by at least two distinct cyclin-cdk complexes. (nature.com)
These proteins had a high degree of amino acid identity but were determined to be distinct mitogens. (beauty104.com.tw)

Description of the protein which includes the UniProt Function and the NCBI Gene Summary. (nih.gov)

p38γ and δ promote heart hypertrophy by targeting the mTOR-inhibitory protein DEPTOR for degradation. (nature.com)

Its pathophysiology is likely to involve insulin resistance at the level of both skeletal muscle and visceral adipose tissue and altered fluxes of metabolic substrates between these tissues that in turn impair liver metabolism. (erudit.org)

I also examined the substrate specificities of more than 200 human protein kinases with peptide microarrays populated with semi-optimal substrate sequences. (dissertation.com)

Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different protein isoforms have been described. (wikipedia.org)

Here, we characterize RRG-1, a response regulator protein from the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa . (llu.edu)

Buffer only and biosensors having no recombinant protein were used as references for background subtraction. (cancer.gov)

Several proteomics studies have already been performed to search for key regulators at the protein level. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy18

Organisms10

Chemicals and Drugs146

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment25

Phenomena and Processes57

Information Science4

Health Care2

MAPK19

Phosphorylation14

Phosphatase11

Serine20

MAPK111

MAPKs4

ERK25

Pathway7

Upstream3

ERKs3

MAPK32

Signal Transduction2

Subfamily2

Pathways4

Phosphorylate2

Signaling cascade1

Phosphatases2

Catalytic3

Receptor kinase10

Glycogen3

Phosphoinositide1

Inhibition2

ERK13

Nuclear3

Assays3

Expression9

Sensitivity1

Genes3

Choline1

Antibodies1

Regulate1

Species3

Ribosomal1

Characterization2

Apoptosis1

Cellular1

Intracellular1

Regulation1

Family8

Distinct2

Gene1

Degradation1

Tissues1

Peptide1

Isoforms1

Neurospora1

Buffer1

Regulators1