These bacteria subsequently employ 1,2-CTD in the last step of the degradation of aromatic compounds to aliphatic products. (wikipedia.org)
A number of bacteria that can degrade a variety of aromatic compounds have been identified and the pathways involved in the degradation have been extensively characterized [ 3 , 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Peripheral enzymes, particularly oxygenases and dehydrogenases, were found to transform structurally diverse substrates into one of these central intermediates by bringing about the hydroxylation of the aromatic nucleus (Fig. 2A ), and hence it is thought that bacteria have developed these enzymes to extend their substrate range [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Enzymes induced in 4-fluorobenzoate-utilizing bacteria have been classified into three groups on the basis of their specificity towards cis- and trans-dienelactone. (inrae.fr)
Binds1
When substrate binds, Arg206 forms a second ion pair with the anionic substrate and the Arg206/Glu36 ion pair weakens. (inrae.fr)
Cleavage3
In the convergent mode, structurally diverse aromatic compounds are converted to one of a few aromatic ring cleavage substrates such as catechol, gent sate, protocatechuate and their derivatives [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
In this divergent mode, a metal-dependent dioxygenase channels these dihydroxylated intermediates into one of the two possible pathways: the meta -cleavage pathway or the ortho -cleavage pathway [ 7 - 9 ] (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
4-OH-E1 meta-cleavage was catalyzed by a dioxygenase encoded by IM701_20340 or IM701_21000 or IM701_09625. (bvsalud.org)
Enzyme4
the 1,2-CTD enzyme produced by Pseudomonas arvilla is the exception to this rule, containing two highly homologous subunits that can form either a homo- or hetero- dimer. (wikipedia.org)
Specific activities of Catechol-2,3-dioxygenase and effects of temperature and pH and their stabilities on the enzyme relative activities were observed. (openmicrobiologyjournal.com)
As the thiolate anion is not energetically favoured in the hydrophobic interior of the enzyme, it swings into the active site where it can be stabilized by the His202 imidazolium and the dipole of helix C. The Cys123 thiolate which now lies adjacent to the acyl carbon of the substrate, is thus generated only in the presence of substrate. (inrae.fr)
Alternative sites for cell density regulation of the enzyme could rely on its sensitivity to sulfhydryl groups. (embl.de)
Enzymes2
The two enzymes were identified to be a part of two separate catechol dioxygenase families: 1,2-CTD was classified as an intradiol dioxygenase while 2,3-CTD was classified as an extradiol dioxygenase. (wikipedia.org)
Oxygenases belong to the oxidoreductive group of enzymes (E.C. Class 1), which oxidize the substrates by transferring oxygen from molecular oxygen (O 2 ) and utilize FAD/NADH/NADPH as the co-substrate. (biomedcentral.com)
Oxygen2
Oxygen is bonded to the substrate through a series of trans influences and stabilizing hydrogen bonding between the substrate and other active site amino acid residues. (wikipedia.org)
Oxygenases can further be grouped into two categories i.e. monooxygenases and dioxygenases on the basis of number of oxygen atoms used for oxidation. (biomedcentral.com)
Experiments1
The catalytic mechanism of catechol 1,2-dioxygenase was elucidated using a combination of O18 labeling experiments and crystallography. (wikipedia.org)
Compounds2
Many of these compounds have been reported to be toxic to the living organisms [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Two compounds, Compound 1 (1,4-dihydrophenanthrolin-4-one-3-carboxylic acid) and Compound 5 [8-(N-butyl-N-ethylcarbamoyl)-1,4-dihydrophenathrolin-4-one-3-carboxylic acid], with comparable potencies in vivo, were chosen to investigate the effect of the inhibition of the hydroxylation of newly synthesized uterine collagen on the turnover of this protein in vivo. (embl.de)
Active site1
Our inhibitor binding studies suggest that its substrate, dienelactone, is held in the active site by hydrophobic interactions around the lactone ring and by the ion pairs between its carboxylate and Arg-81 and Arg-206. (inrae.fr)
INTRODUCTION1
The introduction of methoxy and acetyl groups increased the insect antifeedant activity. (go.jp)
Common1
The 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran derivative, 7-acetyl-4,6-dimethoxy-2-isopropenyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran, had an ED 50 value of 1.3 μg (5.4×10 -9 mol)/cm 2 against the common cutworm. (go.jp)
Water1
rather, the enolate anion abstracts a proton from water and, in doing so, supplies the hydroxyl for deacylation. (inrae.fr)
Show1
The results show that under pH 3-6, the adsorption of U(VI) by YF1 live cells increased with the increase of the pH. (bvsalud.org)
Product1
2-keto-4-pentenoic acid might be an emblematic product of such process. (bvsalud.org)
Oxidative1
Meanwhile, in the oxidative degradation of hydroquinone under a supercritical condition (409.9°C and 24.5 MPa) and subcritical condition (359.9°C and 24.5 MPa), -benzoquinone was to be an important intermediate [ 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Toxic1
The formation of hydroquinone and -benzoquinone at early stages of phenol oxidation increases the toxicity of phenol wastewaters, showing that these compounds were more toxic and less degradable than the original pollutant [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
Degradation1
In order to improve our knowledge of the microbial paracetamol degradation pathway, we inoculated a bioreactor with sludge of a hospital WWTP (Pharmafilter, Delft, NL) and fed it with paracetamol as the sole carbon source. (biorxiv.org)
Complex2
In the process of deprotonating the C3 hydroxyl group, Tyr200 dissociates from the catalytic complex. (wikipedia.org)
Covalent attachment via an isopeptide bond to its substrates requires prior activation by the E1 complex SAE1-SAE2 and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I, and can be promoted by an E3 ligase such as PIAS1-4, RANBP2 or CBX4. (nih.gov)