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CulicidaeCelliaMosquitoesContributions of the American Entomological InstituteSpecies of the subgenusAnophelinaeCulexAedesNyssorhynchus and AnophelesKerteszia1937GeneraMalariaSeven subgeneraMyzomyiaAlbimanusTheobaldStethomyiaGambiaeHarbachBaimaiaArgyritarsisMaculipennisSubfamilySystematics1932LarvaMosquitoLutziiSinensisChristophersTaxonomicWidelyVectorClassification
Culicidae12
Cellia10
  • The system of subgenera originated with the work of Christophers, who in 1915 described three subgenera: Anopheles (widely distributed), Myzomyia (later renamed Cellia) (Old World) and Nyssorhynchus (Neotropical). (wikipedia.org)
  • The number of species currently recognised within the subgenera is given here in parentheses: Anopheles (206 species), Baimaia (one), Cellia (239), Kerteszia (12), Lophopodomyia (six), Nyssorhynchus (34) and Stethomyia (five). (wikipedia.org)
  • The larger subgenera (Anopheles, Cellia, and Nyssorhynchus) have been subdivided into sections and series, which in turn have been divided into groups and subgroups. (wikipedia.org)
  • The ability of males to synthesize and transfer 20E has evolved specifically in a subset of Anopheles species from the Cellia subgenus 7 , which populates Africa and comprises the most dangerous malaria vectors, including Anopheles gambiae 5 . (nature.com)
  • A full description of the adult, pupa and larva of Anopheles ( Cellia ) cameroni De Meillon and Evans, from the Cape Province, South Africa. (si.edu)
  • Subgenus Cellia representing bulk of Pakistani mosquitoes showed a monophyletic lineage (bootstrap value: 97). (org.pk)
  • The divergence time between Subgenera Anopheles and Cellia was estimated at approximately 6 million years ago i.e. between mid to late Pliocene. (org.pk)
  • Within the family Anophelinae six subgenera are recognized: Stethomyia, Lophopodomyia, Kerteszia, Nyssorhynchus (all South American), Cellia (Old World only) and Anopheles (worldwide). (animalgiftsgalore.com)
  • Four of these proposed genera, Cellia, Kerteszia, Nyssorhynchus and Stethomyia, are currently recognized as subgenera of Anopheles and the other 14 are regarded as synonyms of one or other of subgenera Anopheles, Cellia or Nyssorhynchus. (scientistsagainstmalaria.net)
  • Christophers proposed three generic subdivisions, which F.M. Edwards and Francis Metcalf Root formally recognized as subgenera Anopheles, Myzomyia (=Cellia) and Nyssorhynchus. (scientistsagainstmalaria.net)
Mosquitoes12
  • Malaria cases and deaths are once more on the rise 4 owing to several factors including widespread insecticide resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes, which are the only vectors for human malaria parasites. (nature.com)
  • not determine which sibling species of the complex are present in those provinces, Mosquitoes of the Anopheles maculipennis and since then no further studies have been complex have been incriminated as some of carried out to determine current distribu- the main malaria vectors in Europe and the tion. (who.int)
  • Malaria is caused by plasmodia-ancient, single-celled protozoans transmitted to humans by the bites of female Anopheles mosquitoes. (nationalacademies.org)
  • The present study explored the phylogenetic utility of mt-ND5 gene sequences for mosquitoes in genus Anopheles . (org.pk)
  • The region of Cacao, in French Guiana, provides an excellent study site to understand the presence and abundance of Anopheles mosquitoes, their species dynamics and the transmission risk of malaria across various environments. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Land cover/use maps (based on high spatial resolution satellite images) were shown to be particularly useful when studying the presence, density and diversity of Anopheles mosquitoes at local scales and in very heterogeneous landscapes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Anopheles was introduced as a genus of mosquitoes in 1818 by Johann Wilhelm Meigen, a German entomologist famous for his revolutionary studies of Diptera. (scientistsagainstmalaria.net)
  • Little was done on the taxonomy of Anopheles until the discovery during the last two decades of the 19th century that mosquitoes transmit microfilariae and malarial protozoa, which initiated a drive to collect, name and classify these insects. (scientistsagainstmalaria.net)
  • Anopheles is undoubtedly the most studied and best known genus of mosquitoes, largely because of their great impact on human health. (scientistsagainstmalaria.net)
  • As vectors of causative agents of malaria and filariasis, Anopheles mosquitoes have affected the lives of more humans than any other insects. (scientistsagainstmalaria.net)
  • As a result of more than a century of studies by medical entomologists, taxonomists and geneticists, 537 species of Anopheles are currently known and most have been formally named (87%) (Appendix 2), but until recently little work has been done to understand the evolution and phylogenetic relationships of these mosquitoes. (scientistsagainstmalaria.net)
  • The inability to distinguish these sibling species from one other using standard morphological analysis has led to the use of biochemical tools in other organisms such as Anopheles mosquitoes. (biomedcentral.com)
Contributions of the American Entomological Institute1
  • Literature used here includes: Faran, 1980, Albimanus Section of subgenus Nyssorhynchus (Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, vol. 15: 1-215. (echocommunity.org)
Species of the subgenus2
  • Ultrastructure of eggs of Anopheles rondoni , Anopheles lutzii , and Anopheles parvus , three species of the subgenus Nyssorhynchus. (si.edu)
  • 3) to contribute to the identification of species of the subgenus Nyssorhynchus, especially because some species are involved in the transmission of human Plasmodium, several arboviruses, and filariases. (fapesp.br)
Anophelinae1
  • The genus Anopheles belongs to a subfamily Anophelinae with three genera: Anopheles Meigen (nearly worldwide distribution), Bironella Theobald (Australia only: 11 described species) and Chagasia Cruz (Neotropics: four described species). (wikipedia.org)
Culex1
  • In general Culex pipiens study, his work on Anopheles claviger often relates to the realm of Aedes rusticus, thereby connecting several areas of interest. (research.com)
Aedes2
  • The subgenus Stegomyia of Aedes in Southeast Asia. (springer.com)
  • By contrast to these well-studied anthropophilic species, information on thenutritional effects of sugar on survival and fecundity of non-anthropophilic species is limited.Hence, it remains unclear whether the ability to thrive on human blood alone is a characteristicof anthropophilic species, and whether that ability represents a key adaptation to ananthropophilic feeding strategy.The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus Skuse, is both a member of the same subgenus as Ae. (xdocs.net)
Nyssorhynchus and Anopheles1
  • The main subjects will be Neotropical subgenera, especially the subgenus Nyssorhynchus and Anopheles darlingi. (fapesp.br)
Kerteszia3
  • Christophers (1924) included Kerteszia in subgenus Nyssorhynchus , and Edwards (1932) followed this concept rather than the schemes proposed by either da Costa[ Lima (1928) , who recognised Kerteszia and Nyssorhynchus as subgenera of genus Nyssorhynchus , or Dyar (1928) , who treated these taxa as distinct subgenera of genus Anopheles . (myspecies.info)
  • Groups A ( Nyssorhynchus ) and B ( Myzorhynchella ) together equate the current concept of subgenus Nyssorhynchus , and Group C ( Kerteszia ) equates subgenus Kerteszia . (myspecies.info)
  • This system recognized Kerteszia as an informal group within subgenus Nyssorhynchus. (scientistsagainstmalaria.net)
19371
  • Subgenus Lophopodomyia was proposed by P.C.A. Antunes in 1937 and subgenus Baimaia was introduced by Ralph E. Harbach and his colleagues in 2005. (scientistsagainstmalaria.net)
Genera4
  • Altogether 36 species have been recorded during the recent study, bringing the total Moldovan mosquito fauna to 40 species in 9 genera and 11 subgenera. (bioone.org)
  • Theobald proposed 18 genera for species of Anopheles based on the distribution and shape of scales on the thorax and abdomen. (scientistsagainstmalaria.net)
  • During the first three decades of the 20th century, 37 genera (including the 18 recognized by Theobald) were established for species of Anopheles. (scientistsagainstmalaria.net)
  • Frederick Knab in North America, one of the early critics of Theobald's classification, stated that "the subject was made needlessly difficult by hasty work and by the sub-division of the old genus Anopheles into numerous ill-defined and fancifully differentiated genera. (scientistsagainstmalaria.net)
Malaria6
  • The first species complex was described in 1926 when the problem of nontransmission of malaria by Anopheles gambiae was solved by Falleroni, who recognised that An. (wikipedia.org)
  • La malaria en el Amazonas: conocimientos, prácticas, prevalencia de parasitemia y evaluación entomológica en mayo de 1997. (ajtmh.org)
  • In the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae , the ecdysteroid 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) appears to have evolved to both control egg development when synthesized by females 2 and to induce mating refractoriness when sexually transferred by males 3 . (nature.com)
  • Because egg development and mating are essential reproductive traits, understanding how Anopheles females integrate these hormonal signals can spur the design of new malaria control programs. (nature.com)
  • Anopheles darlingi is a major vector for malaria in Central and South America. (scite.ai)
  • Almost all are in genus Anopheles, which worldwide is the only mosquito genus that transmits human malaria. (echocommunity.org)
Seven subgenera1
  • The genus has been subdivided into seven subgenera based primarily on the number and positions of specialized setae on the gonocoxites of the male genitalia. (wikipedia.org)
Myzomyia1
  • Series Neocellia ( Anopheles splendidus, Anopheles stephensi, Anopheles annularis, Anopheles pulcherrimus ) diverged some 5.7 million years ago from Myzomyia ( Anopheles culicifacies and Anopheles fluviatilis ), while speciation within the respective series took place during the Pleistocene about 0.7 million years ago. (org.pk)
Albimanus4
  • Subgenus Nyssorhynchus has been divided in three sections: Albimanus (19 species), Argyritarsis (11 species) and Myzorhynchella (four species). (wikipedia.org)
  • A revision of the Albimanus section of the subgenus Nyssorhynchus of Anopheles . (si.edu)
  • Da Costa Lima (1928) split subgenus Nyssorhynchus into two groups, Groups A and B, which partially correspond to the contemporary Argyritarsis and Albimanus sections introduced by Faran (1980) . (myspecies.info)
  • Levi Castillo (1949) divided the subgenus into the Albimanus and Argyritarsis groups, and included three series within the former. (myspecies.info)
Theobald2
  • The genus Bironella has been divided into three subgenera: Bironella Theobald (two species), Brugella Edwards (three species) and Neobironella Tenorio (three species). (wikipedia.org)
  • Theobald, however, was not the only person to propose generic names for species of Anopheles. (scientistsagainstmalaria.net)
Stethomyia2
  • Frederick Wallace Edwards in 1932 added the subgenus Stethomyia (Neotropical distribution). (wikipedia.org)
  • Subgenus Stethomyia is an outlier with respect to these two taxa. (wikipedia.org)
Gambiae3
Harbach2
  • Two additional subgenera have since been recognised: Baimaia (Southeast Asia only) by Harbach et al. (wikipedia.org)
  • In view of the previous terms applied to different levels of classification within subgenus Nyssorhynchus , Harbach (1994) recognized the 'groups' and 'subgroups' of Faran (1980) and Linthicum (1988) and the 'complexes' of Faran (1980) as Series, Groups and Subgroups, respectively, to bring the informal classification of subgenus Nyssorhynchus more in line with that established for subgenera Anopheles and Cellia . (myspecies.info)
Baimaia1
  • The subgenus Baimaia may be elevated to genus level, as it appears to be a sister group to Bironella and all other Anopheles. (wikipedia.org)
Argyritarsis1
  • In another scheme, Galvão (1943) divided the subgenus into two series, the Argyritarsis and Tarsimaculatus series, which correspond to Groups A and B of da Costa Lima (1928) . (myspecies.info)
Maculipennis3
  • The type species of the genus is Anopheles maculipennis. (wikipedia.org)
  • ABSTRACT A diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using species-specific primers and direct sequencing was used to identify members of the Anopheles maculipennis complex in the north-west and central regions of the Islamic Republic of Iran. (who.int)
  • RESUME Une PCR (amplification en chaîne par polymérase) diagnostique avec des amorces spécifiques d'espèces et un séquençage direct ont été utilisés pour la détermination des membres du complexe Ano- pheles maculipennis dans les régions du nord-ouest et du centre de la République islamique d'Iran. (who.int)
Subfamily1
  • Bironella appears to be the sister taxon to the Anopheles, with Chagasia forming the outgroup in this subfamily. (wikipedia.org)
Systematics1
19321
  • Edwards (1932) divided subgenus Nyssorhynchus into three groups. (myspecies.info)
Larva2
  • Sobre la existencia de Anopheles annulipalpis en la provincia de Mendoza (R. A.).-descripción de su larva. (si.edu)
  • From the characters of the male terminalia, larva and pupa, the species must be included in the subgenus Arthuromyia of which it represents the third known species. (unal.edu.co)
Mosquito3
Lutzii1
  • 11/04248-1 - Redescription of Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) lutzii, and Resurrection of An. (fapesp.br)
Sinensis24
Christophers1
Taxonomic1
  • Taxonomic units between subgenus and species are not currently recognised as official zoological names. (wikipedia.org)
Widely1
  • The Hawaiian species of Drosophila (estimated to be more than 500, with roughly 380 species described) are sometimes recognized as a separate genus or subgenus, Idiomyia,[3][47] but this is not widely accepted. (ottsigns.com)
Vector1
Classification2