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Applications Tested: This APB5 antibody has been tested by flow cytometric analysis of NIH/3T3 cells. (thermofisher.com)

By analysing iNKT cells from lymphoid tissues of mice and humans we demonstrate that their T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire is highly diverse and is distinct for cells from various tissues resulting in differential lipid-antigen recognition. (elifesciences.org)
One major discovery was that members of the chemokine receptor family serve as cofactors for HIV entry into cells. (cdc.gov)
These studies implicate the 5-HT1A receptor as an important determinant of predisposition to mental illness. (biomedcentral.com)
In 1997, a team led by David Julius discovered the protein receptor that binds capsaicin by screening a cDNA library of approximately 16,000 clones that were transfected into HEK293 cells. (abclonal.com)
1 While meticulously searching for cells that responded to capsaicin with calcium influx, they were able to find a single clone encoding the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1, or TRPV1, which has the ability to sense elevated temperatures. (abclonal.com)
Additional reported applications (for relevant formats of this clone) include: costimulation 1 (clone 2E2 has been shown to enhance T-cell receptor mediated activation and cytokine secretion) and blocking 2,3 . (biolegend.com)
PDGFRb is a cell surface tyrosine kinase receptor for members of the platelet-derived growth factor family. (thermofisher.com)
CD3 and CD3 are two highly related components of the T cell receptor (TCR)CCD3 complex which is essential for the assembly and transmission transduction of the T cell receptor on mature T cells. (tech-strategy.org)

Using a genetically engineered mouse model, we generated mammary-specific Dusp4 -deleted primary epithelial cells to investigate the necessary conditions in which DUSP4 loss may drive breast cancer oncogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Notably, colonisation of the vagina requires yeast adherence to vaginal epithelial cells. (paperzz.com)

While no mutations were found in the exons of the DCC gene in endometrial cancers, chromosome 18 was found to be capable of suppressing tumorigenicity of endometrial cancer cells in nude mice by the procedure of microcell fusion, with DCC expression elevated in most of the suppressed hybrids. (medmuv.com)
We found that Dusp4 loss alone is insufficient in mediating tumorigenesis, but alternatively converges with loss in Trp53 and MYC amplification to induce tumorigenesis primarily through chromosome 5 amplification, which specifically upregulates Dbf4 , a cell cycle gene that promotes cellular replication by mediating cell cycle checkpoint escape. (biomedcentral.com)
Replication studies in the mother and daughter showed a skewed X inactivation pattern in lymphocytes, with the normal X chromosome preferentially inactivated. (bmj.com)
Intriguingly, we found that the X chromosome breakpoint in the daughter could not be defined by a single breakpoint spanning genomic clone and further analysis showed a 650 kb submicroscopic duplication between DXS7067 and DXS7060 on either side of the X chromosome translocation breakpoint. (bmj.com)

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) infects cattle, integrates into host DNA as a provirus, and induces malignant B-cell lymphoma. (biomedcentral.com)
Among sporadic endometrial cancers, when present, the microsatellite instability is confined to the malignant cells, and is not seen in the adjacent normal epithelium. (medmuv.com)
ALL is a malignant clonal proliferation of lymphoid progenitor cells, most commonly of the B-cell lineage (B-ALL). (biomedcentral.com)
Also, the term "primary cutaneous CD4 + small/medium T-cell lymphoma" was changed to "primary cutaneous CD4 + small/medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder" because of its indolent clinical behavior and uncertain malignant potential. (medscape.com)

In particular, the invention relates to methods of inducing differentiation of embryonic stem cells into muscle cells or vascular endothelial cells. (justia.com)
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are derived from the embryo and are pluripotent, thus possessing the capability of developing into any organ, cell type or tissue type. (justia.com)
However, the molecular pathways that lead to specification and terminal differentiation of specific cell types, such as myocytes, from embryonic stem cells during development are not entirely clear. (justia.com)
culturing a stem cell in the presence of an embryonic cell and/or extracellular medium of an embryonic cell, under conditions that induce differentiation of the stem cell. (justia.com)
CD140b is expressed by embryonic tissues and mesenchymal-derived cells of the adult mouse tissues. (thermofisher.com)
28 from 3 embryonic stem [Ha sido] clones) sent the Ha sido cell genome. (tech-strategy.org)

Studies of the effect of host genes on sus- million people, including 300,000 children under ceptibility to HIV infection were facilitated by the 5 years of age. (cdc.gov)
The discovery of the gene sequences and predicted protein structures, role of CCR5 alleles has prompted studies of but their ligands have not been identified the possible role of many other host genes in (orphan receptors). (cdc.gov)
During differentiation the expression of stem cell specific genes and markers are often lost and cells acquire gene expression profiles of somatic cells or their precursors. (justia.com)
Generally, when a stem cell culture is induced to differentiate, the differentiated population is analysed for particular cell types by expression of genes, markers or phenotypic analysis. (justia.com)
Methods of inducing differentiation in stem cells and muscle cells produced therefrom may be used for the study of cellular and molecular biology of tissue development, for the discovery of genes and proteins such as differentiation factors that play a role in tissue development and regeneration. (justia.com)
DUSP4 alterations lead to hyperactivation of MAPK signaling in many cancers, including breast cancer, which often harbor mutations in cell cycle checkpoint genes, particularly in TP53. (biomedcentral.com)
Interestingly, replication stress in Brca2-null cells activates p53 and the expression of its target genes, including senescence-inducing Ink4/Arf. (biomedcentral.com)
the development of T cells, we generated a mouse strain having a disruption in both CD3 and CD3 genes (CD3? (tech-strategy.org)

Tissue homeostasis is critically dependent on the function of tissue-resident lymphocytes, including lipid-reactive invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells. (elifesciences.org)
In the case of the infectious cycle, viruses reach target lymphocytes by cell-to-cell transfer and establish by entry of viral single-stranded RNA, reverse transcription of the viral RNA, integration as a provirus into the host genome, expression of viral proteins, and budding of new virions. (biomedcentral.com)
Cells expressing Tim-3 are present at high levels in the CNS of animals at the onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a disease mediated by lymphocytes secreting Th1-like cytokines. (biolegend.com)
One cell suspensions of thymocytes, LN cells, spleen cells, PBL, and little intestine intraepithelial lymphocytes (iIEL) had been prepared as defined (26, 27). (tech-strategy.org)
Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) (see the image below) is a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by localization of neoplastic T lymphocytes to the skin, with no evidence of extracutaneous disease at the time of diagnosis. (medscape.com)

pS2 and CDK9 were also enriched across the IGSs of IMR90 fibroblasts, indicating that enrichments are not limited to tumorigenic cells (Extended Data Fig. 1h, i ). (nature.com)

The chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are clonal disorders characterized by overproduction of mature myeloid cells. (oncohemakey.com)

Consistent with this, iNKT cells from different organs show distinct basal activation, proliferation and clonal expansion. (elifesciences.org)
Between clonal expansion and cell proliferation, the survival of infected cells requires the silencing of viral expression before the immune response. (biomedcentral.com)
Knockdown of TUG1 inhibited the proliferation, motility, and invasiveness of cultured ICC cells, and decreased tumor burden in a xenograft mouse model. (oncotarget.com)

Siglecs (sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins) are single-pass cell surface receptors that have inhibitory activities on immune cells. (mdpi.com)
The discovery of TRPV1 led to studies to unveil other temperature-sensing receptors. (abclonal.com)

Since its discovery in 2000, initial in vitro studies have found that the engagement of Siglec-8 with a monoclonal antibody or with selective polyvalent sialoglycan ligands induced the cell death of eosinophils and inhibited mast cell degranulation. (mdpi.com)

Pre- hematopoietic and other cells, but the Duffy sence of one copy of the deleted CCR5 gene also antigen of erythrocytes (DARC) is the only influences the course of disease as the onset of member expressed on cells of erythroid lineage. (cdc.gov)
Mutations in TET2, other epigenetic regulators, and other regulators of cytokine signaling are not specific to the classic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) but may influence prognosis and play roles in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) dysregulation and progression to accelerated or blast-phase disease. (oncohemakey.com)
Moreover, in human studies, JAK2V617F has been identified in the stem cell-enriched CD34 + CD38 − CD90 + Lin − compartment, common myeloid progenitors, granulocyte-monocyte precursors, and megakaryocyte-erythroid precursors as well as natural killer cells, B cells, and T cells in some patients, confirming its origin in an early hematopoietic progenitor. (oncohemakey.com)

Previously we have shown that DDB2, a protein involved in the Global Genome Repair, interacts directly with PCNA and, in human cells, the loss of this interaction affects DNA repair machinery. (biomedcentral.com)

The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
Cytogenetics advances of B-ALL have led to the discovery of numerous additional genetic changes, including mutations involving key cellular pathways in lymphoid development, tumor suppression, and cell cycle regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
The activating effects of the mutation are thought to reflect disruption of the normal autoinhibitory function of the JH2 domain, within which JAK2V617F is found, and have been shown to affect downstream pathways, including STATs (especially STAT5), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and MAP kinase pathways in cell lines and animal models. (oncohemakey.com)

The present invention relates to methods of inducing differentiation of stem cells. (justia.com)
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells which can give rise to a succession of mature functional cells. (justia.com)
The process of differentiation in stem cells involves selective development of immature cells to committed and fully mature cells of various lineages. (justia.com)
Differentiation of stem cells is known be triggered by various growth factors and regulatory molecules. (justia.com)
Whilst differentiation of some lineage specific stem cells can be induced with a degree of certainty, a differentiation outcome of a population of pluripotent stem cells is less predictable. (justia.com)
In particular, the induction of stem cells to differentiate into muscle cells (myocytes) is useful for muscle transplantation and therapeutic purposes, as well as providing potential human disease models in culture (e.g. for testing pharmaceuticals). (justia.com)
The induction of cardiomyocyte differentiation in stem cells is especially useful in developing therapeutic methods and products for heart disease and abnormal heart conditions. (justia.com)
Therefore there remains a need for providing effective methods of inducing differentiation of stem cells into specific cell types, such as myocytes or endothelial cells. (justia.com)

TRPV1 is a ligand-activated non-selective cation channel mainly expressed in nociceptive neurons, which are preferentially sensitive to noxious and painful stimuli. (abclonal.com)

This suggests that unique tissue-specific factors (including local lipid antigens, cytokines and/or hormones) may shape the population of iNKT cells resident in those tissues, ultimately regulating local immune responses. (elifesciences.org)
These cells can participate in inflammatory responses by releasing mediators that attract or activate other cells, contributing to the pathogenesis of allergic and non-allergic diseases. (mdpi.com)
Heterologous immunization with defined RNA and subunit vaccines enhances T cell responses that protect against Leishmania donovani. (ac.ir)
Conclusions Targeting subdominant T cell responses with lower avidity against pMHC affinity neoepitopes showed potential for improving PD-1 immunotherapy. (bmj.com)

This study identifies a novel mechanism for breast tumorigenesis implicating Dusp4 loss and p53 mutations in cellular acquisition of Dbf4 upregulation as a driver of cellular replication and cell cycle checkpoint escape. (biomedcentral.com)

Tet lo demonstrated precursor exhausted or progenitor T cell phenotypes marked by higher expression of Tcf-1 and T-bet, and lower expression of the exhaustion markers CD39, PD-1 and Eomes compared with Tet hi , whereas Tet hi cells were terminally exhausted. (bmj.com)

In an alternate model, influenza vaccine peptide-bearing tetramers were able to detect influenza-specific T cells only after PBMC from influenza-vaccinated individuals were expanded in vitro by a 7-day culture with Ag ( 6 ). (aai.org)
Anti-Siglec-8 antibody administration in vivo to humanized and transgenic mice selectively expressing Siglec-8 on mouse eosinophils and mast cells confirmed the in vitro findings, and identified additional anti-inflammatory effects. (mdpi.com)
The induction of a specific differentiated cell type can be useful for transplantation or drug screening and drug discovery in vitro. (justia.com)
In vitro studies showed that Tet lo exhibits higher cytotoxicity than Tet hi . (bmj.com)

Used together, these scholarly research showed that Compact disc3 and Compact disc3 play an important, yet overlapping partially, role in the introduction of both and T cell CH5424802 biological activity lineages. (tech-strategy.org)

2021. Cell. (biolegend.com)

Here, we collected blood samples from a single, naturally infected Holstein cow at three disease progression stages (Stage I: polyclonal stage, Stage II: polyclonal toward oligoclonal stage, Stage III: oligoclonal stage) and successfully visualized the kinetics of clonal expansion of cells carrying BLV integration sites using our BLV proviral DNA-capture sequencing method. (biomedcentral.com)
Our results are the first to demonstrate clonal expansion after the massive depletion of cells carrying BLV integration sites in a naturally infected cow. (biomedcentral.com)

A growing number of studies demonstrated that lncRNAs are key regulators of tumor growth [ 3 , 4 ]. (oncotarget.com)
Further insights on the roles of CD8 + specificities and TCR avidity of naturally arising tumor-specific T cells, where both high and low avidity T cells recognizing the same peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) coexist in the same tumor, are crucial for understanding T cell exhaustion and resistance to PD-1 immunotherapy. (bmj.com)
Tetramer staining was performed to determine the frequency and avidity of CD8 + T cells targeting the tumor-specific epitope GSW11 and confirmed with tetramer competition assays. (bmj.com)

Unlike most other cancers studied so far, endometrial cancer is not characterized by a small number of loci that are involved by loss of heterozygosity. (medmuv.com)
Recent studies of endometrial cancers arising in US women, however, show the prevalence of such mutations to be significantly lower (11% versus 31%) than in Japan . (medmuv.com)
Overexpression of HER-2/neu has been associated with advanced stage, deep myometrial invasion, and poor survival in endometrial cancers in several studies. (medmuv.com)

Less than 5% of cattle develop B-cell leukemia/lymphoma after a prolonged latency period [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Early patch-stage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. (medscape.com)
Related articles include Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphoma and Cutaneous Pseudolymphoma . (medscape.com)
Among the changes to CTCL classification were the addition of primary cutaneous acral CD8 + T-cell lymphoma as a new provisional entity. (medscape.com)

Despite this prototypical TCR repertoire gene usage, in recent years it has become apparent that there are variations within the iNKT cell repertoire that ultimately impact the antigen recognition capacity and consequently the functional outcomes during an immune response. (elifesciences.org)

Beyond the common features shared by all iNKT cells (including their CD1-restriction and innate-like properties), cells found in discrete tissues have distinct phenotypes and functions that critically modulate the outcome of immunity ( Crosby and Kronenberg, 2018 ). (elifesciences.org)

TotalSeq™-A antibodies are compatible with 10x Genomics Single Cell Gene Expression Solutions . (biolegend.com)

Within peripheral tissues iNKT cell recent thymic emigrants exhibit a different TCR repertoire than mature cells, suggesting that the iNKT population is shaped after arrival to the periphery. (elifesciences.org)
Nonetheless, how signals from the tissue environment shape the iNKT cell population to best fit their function in their tissues of residency remains unclear. (elifesciences.org)

The Host Cell Reactivation assay (HCR) allows studying the DNA repair capability in different types of human cells. (biomedcentral.com)
To clarify this issue, we decided to apply a transfection-based assay, named Host Cell Reactivation (HCR), to investigate DNA lesions removal efficacy in the presence of DDB2 Wt protein or DDB2 mutated one. (biomedcentral.com)

To maximize performance, it is strongly recommended that the reagent be titrated for each application, and that you centrifuge the antibody dilution before adding to the cells at 14,000xg at 2 - 8°C for 10 minutes. (biolegend.com)
A test is defined as the amount (µg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 µL. (thermofisher.com)

A marked Ab and T cell response to Bb outer surface protein A (OspA) often develops during prolonged episodes of arthritis. (aai.org)
We have analyzed the Ag-specific CD4 + T cells in treatment-resistant Lyme arthritis, using class II tetramers, and have shown that arthritis-associated Borrelia burgdorferi ( Bb) sensu stricto outer surface protein A (OspA)-specific T cells can be identified with this technology. (aai.org)
In addition, mannosebinding-lectin (MBL) is an epithelial-cell associated host protein that binds to Candida mannan, activates complement, and thus inhibits Candida growth. (paperzz.com)
CD366 (Tim-3) is a transmembrane protein also known as T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain containing protein-3. (biolegend.com)
TotalSeq™ reagents are designed to profile protein levels at a single cell level following an optimized protocol similar to the CITE-seq workflow. (biolegend.com)

Fig.11 and ?and44 and em B /em , T cells were absent in the thymus and periphery of Compact disc3? (tech-strategy.org)

Background CD8 + T cells are a highly diverse population of cells with distinct phenotypic functions that can influence immunotherapy outcomes. (bmj.com)

deletion (20-22), no cases of HIV infection had while others are selective in terms of ligand been reported in studies of more than 60 persons binding. (cdc.gov)

Since iNKT cell activation can prevent or promote immunopathology in diverse disease contexts, the strict control of peripheral iNKT cell homeostasis is vital to regulate local immunity. (elifesciences.org)
12. Scott P. Development and regulation of cell-mediated immunity in experimental leishmaniasis. (ac.ir)

The model experimentally infected by BLV showed that early infection is characterized by a massive depletion of proviral clones and polyclonal propagation. (biomedcentral.com)

Since T cells normally take into account only an extremely small percentage of thymocytes and peripheral T cells, we evaluated T cell advancement in the tiny intestine, where T cells represent a significant population from the iIEL in wild-type mice. (tech-strategy.org)

Given the previously reported role of DUSP4 as a p53 target, a potential cell cycle checkpoint, and in mediating senescence downstream of replication stress, we hypothesized that DUSP4 may be a critical oncogenic driver in breast cancer. (biomedcentral.com)

For Proteogenomics analysis, the suggested starting amount of this reagent for titration is ≤ 1.0 µg per million cells in 100 µL volume. (biolegend.com)

Although this most common gynecologic cancer carries the best prognosis, it is important to differentiate between the classic endometrioid tumors that tend to be estrogen dependent and well differentiated, from other less common high-risk uterine malignancies, such as uterine papillary serous carcinomas (UPSCs), clear cell carcinomas, mixed mullerian tumors (MMTs), or sarcomas, which appear to have a different biology. (medmuv.com)
High avidity T cells (Tet hi ), if present, were only found in progressing PD-1 refractory tumors. (bmj.com)

To analyze the nature of response to OspA and LFA-1α L , we used OspA-specific T cell hybrids from DR4 transgenic mice, as well as cloned human cells specific for OspA 165-184 , the immunodominant epitope, from five DRB1*0401 + patients, using OspA-MHC class II tetramers. (aai.org)

Thus, it is of great interest to characterize Ag-specific T cells in individuals afflicted by these illnesses. (aai.org)

In this study, we investigated the role of TUG1 in the pathogenesis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). (oncotarget.com)

We find that together with loss-of-function mutations in p53 and, to some degree, potentiated by cMyc overexpression, Dusp4 deletion aids in cell cycle checkpoint escape while simultaneously potentiating hallmarks of replicative stress, including multinucleation and Chk1 phosphorylation. (biomedcentral.com)

Although OspA 165-184 stimulated nearly all OspA-specific human T cell clones tested to proliferate and secrete IFN-γ and IL-13, LFA-1α L326-345 stimulated ∼10% of these clones to proliferate and a greater percentage to secrete IL-13. (aai.org)
In any case, the respective cell types may then be selectively cultured to enrich their percentage population to eventually obtain a single cell type and culture. (justia.com)

iNKT cells have been traditionally defined by the expression of an invariant TCR α-chain (Vα14-Jα18 in mice or Vα24-Jα18 in humans) and their capacity to recognise the glycolipid antigen α-galactosylceramide (αGalCer) presented on CD1d. (elifesciences.org)
In contrast to mice deficient in CH5424802 biological activity either CD3 or CD3 chains, early thymic development mediated by pre-TCR is completely clogged, and TCR-+ or TCR-+ T cells were absent in the CD3? (tech-strategy.org)
mice, T cells had been once again nondetectable in the intestine (Fig. (tech-strategy.org)
mice are consistent with the biochemical evidence that CD3 is definitely preferentially required over CD3 in prothymocytes for the assembly of the pre-TCRCCD3 complex (22). (tech-strategy.org)

Figure 2) Upon activation by capsaicin or heat, TRPV1 undergoes a transition from closed- to open-gate, allowing sodium and calcium ions to flow into the neuron, thereby depolarizing the cell. (abclonal.com)
Functional characterization of high and low avidity GSW11-specific CD8 + T cells was conducted using flow cytometry and bulk RNA-seq. (bmj.com)

Among these, Siglec-8 is a CD33-related family member selectively expressed on human mast cells and eosinophils, and at low levels on basophils. (mdpi.com)

Furthermore, cross-reaction between the bacterial OspA and human LFA-1α L at the T cell level and the inability to detect Bb in the joint implicate an autoimmune mechanism. (aai.org)

This method allows studying the DNA repair capability in different types of human cells [ 11 ] and may be employed as a marker for genetic instability and cancer risk [ 12 , 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

In ET, there is thrombocytosis with a normal red cell mass. (oncohemakey.com)

Placing the cells under conditions which induce specific cell types has been one form of an attempt to regulate the differentiation outcome. (justia.com)
The MPNs comprise a set of clonal HSC disorders, characterized by the overproduction of 1 or more mature myeloid cell types. (oncohemakey.com)

Yet, if and how the tissue environment shapes the antigen specificity of iNKT cells remains unknown. (elifesciences.org)

Previous lncRNAs profile studies have demonstrated aberrant expression of a series of lncRNAs, including taurine upregulated gene 1 (TUG1), in ICC specimens [ 5 ]. (oncotarget.com)
These early studies demonstrated that expression of JAK2V617F in retroviral bone marrow transplantation models caused erythrocytosis, confirming its relevance to human MPNs. (oncohemakey.com)
However, no surface expression of the TCRCCD3 complex could be detected in cells lacking both CD3 and (15, 16). (tech-strategy.org)

Therefore, these analyses indicate that deficiency in CD3 and blocked T cell advancement beyond the CD8+ stage completely. (tech-strategy.org)

Accordingly, glutamine consumption, α-KG production, and ATP levels were dramatically decreased by TUG1 knockdown in ICC cells, and this effect was reversed by miR-145 inhibition. (oncotarget.com)
Cryptolepine-induced cell death of Leishmania donovani promastigotes is augmented by inhibition of autophagy. (ac.ir)

Anatomy15

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Chemicals and Drugs48

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment31

Phenomena and Processes61

Disciplines and Occupations1

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20211

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