Structure amyloid beta peptides. Medical search. Frequent questions

Copper ions bind to biomolecules (e.g., peptides and proteins) playing an essential role in many biological and physiological pathways in the human body. (mdpi.com)
Yale School of Medicine researchers have described for the first time the structure of a member in an enigmatic family of proteins linked to Alzheimer's disease, a crucial early step in understanding key mechanisms of the disease and designing drugs to combat dementia. (yale.edu)
The Yale team described the crystal structure of a protease - a protein that acts like molecular scissors, cutting up proteins into component parts - found in membranes of an a single-celled organism. (yale.edu)
This includes a genome-wide screen for modifiers of gamma-secretase, one of the proteases involved in Aß generation as well as a targeted search for RNA binding proteins capable to posttranscriptionally regulate beta- and alpha-secretase. (alzheimer-europe.org)
They share the mutual feature of aggregation-prone proteins and the building up of molecular-supramolecular structure, such as inter-neuronal plaques in the brain of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients, characterized by an extraordinary strength. (uninsubria.it)
SAAs, SAP and APP, elucidating the structure and function of amyloid proteins in invertebrates (such as nematods, annelids, molluscs, insects, ascidians) and highlighting their striking pattern of functional conservation when compared to human amyloid-like fibrils, thus focusing on possible new studies and applications for innovative therapies, particularly for AD, the most common and worldwide type of dementia. (uninsubria.it)
Amyloidosis results from the accumulation of pathogenic amyloids-most of which are aggregates of misfolded proteins-in a variety of tissues. (medscape.com)
[ 5 ] Only 10% of amyloidosis deposits consist of components such as glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), apolipoprotein-E (apoE), and serum amyloid P-component (SAP), while nearly 90% of the deposits consist of amyloid fibrils that are formed by the aggregation of misfolded proteins. (medscape.com)
[ 6 ] In humans, about 23 different unrelated proteins are known to form amyloid fibrils in vivo. (medscape.com)
Fast photochemical oxidation of proteins: FPOP) has shown great promise in the elucidation of the regions of a protein's structure that are changed upon interaction with other macromolecules, ligands, or by folding. (wustl.edu)
Prof. Reif's (b. 1968) group examines the structure of membrane proteins and amyloid fibrils using MAS (magic angle spinning) solid-state NMR spectroscopy. (tum.de)
Methodical new approaches are developed to gather information on the structure and dynamics of uniform isotope-labeled proteins in the solid phase. (tum.de)
The self-assembly of peptides and proteins into cross- beta amyloid structures is a defining characteristic of amyloid pathologies including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, type 2 diabetes, and prion encephalopathies. (rochester.edu)
The researchers reported that 20 percent more brain cells survived exposure to amyloid- B proteins after getting treated with the two most active terpenoids from common ragweed. (plantmedicine.news)
We use structure based modeling and computational protein design methods to optimize the protein sequence of proteins and peptides in order to control their assembly. (lu.se)
Misfolding of proteins sometimes leads to the formation of certain type of aggregates, amyloids, which can cause diseases such as Alzheimer's, ParkinsonÕs, type II diabetes and Creutzfeldt-Jakob. (lu.se)
osteopontin and cystatin C. In an independent multivariate orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), these proteins were also identified as major contributors to the separation between AD and non-AD in both cohorts. (lu.se)

The peptides derive from the amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP), which is cleaved by beta secretase and gamma secretase to yield Aβ in a cholesterol-dependent process and substrate presentation. (wikipedia.org)
Significant efforts have been focused on the mechanisms responsible for Aβ production, including the proteolytic enzymes gamma- and β-secretases which generate Aβ from its precursor protein, APP (amyloid precursor protein). (wikipedia.org)
Previous studies suggest that membrane lipids may regulate proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) to generate amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta). (edu.au)
Amyloid-beta precursor protein ( APP ) is an integral membrane protein expressed in many tissues and concentrated in the synapses of neurons . (handwiki.org)
[6] APP is best known as the precursor molecule whose proteolysis generates amyloid beta (Aβ), a polypeptide containing 37 to 49 amino acid residues, whose amyloid fibrillar form is the primary component of amyloid plaques found in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients. (handwiki.org)
Amyloid-beta precursor protein is an ancient and highly conserved protein . (handwiki.org)
Mutations in critical regions of amyloid precursor protein, including the region that generates amyloid beta (Aβ), cause familial susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease. (handwiki.org)
Potentially toxic Aβ peptides are generated from the copper-binding amyloid precursor protein (APP) by two independent proteolytic events (Bayer et al. (springer.com)
Crystal structures of bovine chymotrypsin and trypsin complexed to the inhibitor domain of Alzheimer's amyloid beta-protein precursor (APPI) and basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI): engineering of inhibitors with altered specificities. (expasy.org)
In a parallel study, I demonstrated that the beta-site cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), which cleaves the amyloid precursor protein (APP) to release the amyloid beta peptide (Abeta), is also involved in regulating synaptic plasticity. (umd.edu)
Previous studies in the literature have resulted in conflicting reports on the potential neurotoxicity of the beta-cleaved Alzheimer's disease C-terminal fragment (beta-CTF) of beta-amyloid precursor protein in vivo. (amsterdamumc.org)

Amyloid β-protein (Aβ) oligomers, intermediates of Aβ aggregation, cause cognitive impairment and synaptotoxicity in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). (nih.gov)
Regarding Alzheimer's disease, amyloid beta-peptide aggregation into beta-sheets is the main hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
A set of twenty-five thioxanthene-9-one and xanthene-9-one derivatives, that were previously shown to inhibit cholinesterases (ChEs) and amyloid β (Aβ40) aggregation, were evaluated for the inhibition of tau protein aggregation. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
The formation of dendritic structures is proposed to follow a two-step mechanism: (1) pseudo-spherical particles are pre-nucleated through a diffusion-limited aggregation process, pre-defining the dendritic geometry, and (2) such pre-nucleated structures coalesce by incorporating conformationally restrained CRENKA molecules from the solution to their surfaces, forming a continuous dendritic structure. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
There is some evidence that apolipoprotein E (apoE) binds to Aß peptide and modulates its aggregation into plaques. (brightfocus.org)
This could lead to developing inhibitors for Aß peptide aggregation and, ultimately, to better treatments or even a way to prevent AD. (brightfocus.org)
1) The characterization of the physicochemical parameters that give rise to protein aggregation and fibril formation, with a focus on the Alzheimer's disease amyloid- beta peptide and HIV SEVI amyloid. (rochester.edu)
This peptide sequence is often used in beta amyloid structure and aggregation studies. (watsonbio.com)

The most "famous" member of the family is a human protein called presenilin, which has been implicated in the production of amyloid beta, peptides that cause Alzheimer's disease. (yale.edu)

Several efforts have been made recently to develop conformation-specific antibodies that target the tertiary structure of Aβ oligomers. (nih.gov)
The plaques are composed of a tangle of Aβ oligomers and regularly ordered aggregates called amyloid fibrils, a protein fold shared by other peptides such as the prions associated with protein misfolding disease, also known as Proteinopathy. (wikipedia.org)
An alternative hypothesis is that amyloid oligomers rather than plaques are responsible for the disease. (wikipedia.org)
Oligomers of Aβ peptide are implicated as the most probable causative agent in Alzheimer's disease. (nature.com)
We previously analyzed the IM-MS spectra of WT Aβ 1-40 and found that the population of oligomers of a given order (e.g. trimers, tetramers, pentamers, etc.) splits into two distinct structural variants, differing in their collisional cross section and, therefore, their structure 17 . (nature.com)
Oligomers of the same order exhibit either more extended or more compact structures (see for example Fig. 2 in ref. 17 ). (nature.com)
However, in people with Alzheimer's disease, beta-amyloid monomers cluster into oligomers, which can contain up to 12 monomers. (anesthesiaexperts.com)
This is," says corresponding study author Valerie Daggett, who is a professor of bioengineering at UW, "about targeting a specific structure of [beta-amyloid] formed by the toxic oligomers. (anesthesiaexperts.com)
The recent study reveals that beta-amyloid oligomers adopt the alpha-sheet shape as they form longer clumps and plaques. (anesthesiaexperts.com)
The team used traditional and state-of-the-art spectroscopes to watch how beta-amyloid progressed from monomers to oligomers to plaques in cultured human brain cells. (anesthesiaexperts.com)
The team showed that treating samples of brain tissue from a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease with alpha sheets of synthetic peptide led to an 82 percent reduction in beta-amyloid oligomers. (anesthesiaexperts.com)
Finally, the researchers showed that it could be possible to use alpha sheets of synthetic peptide to test for levels of beta-amyloid oligomers. (anesthesiaexperts.com)

E22Q, forms long fibrillar bundles that may be twisted, as well as short fibrils, densely packed fibril clusters, and amorphous structures. (alzforum.org)
Amyloid fibrils and fibril-like structures are currently estimated to represent many different products of several genes in humans and play a key role in many types of proteinopathies, commonly associated with ageing process. (uninsubria.it)
Amyloid fibrils are protein polymers comprising identical monomer units (homopolymers). (medscape.com)
Amyloidosis is a clinical disorder caused by extracellular and/or intracellular deposition of insoluble abnormal amyloid fibrils that alter the normal function of tissues. (medscape.com)
The modern era of amyloidosis classification began in the late 1960s with the development of methods to solubilize amyloid fibrils. (medscape.com)

Fibrillar aggregates of the amyloid-β protein (Aβ) are the main component of the senile plaques found in brains of Alzheimer's disease patients. (nih.gov)
Aggregates with poorly defined morphology are obtained from solutions with low and moderate CREKA concentrations at pH 4, whereas well-defined dendritic microstructures with fractal geometry are obtained from CRENKA solutions with similar peptide concentrations at pH 4 and 7. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Research is focused on aggregates of the Alzheimer's beta amyloid peptide. (tum.de)
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is tightly linked to oxidative stress since amyloid beta-peptide (Aβ) aggregates generate free radicals. (upf.edu)

But just as it had originally been the case in other fields of synthetic chemistry, such as molecular or solid state chemistry, the outcome of such a deposition with respect to the structure of the individual molecule or the structural arrangement of many molecules is very hard to predict without prior experimental input. (degruyter.com)
Empirical rules and heuristics can be used to "explain" the structures observed after deposition. (degruyter.com)
It has been suggested that apoE4 increases amyloid deposition, and it is commonly accepted that the conversion of Aß protein from a soluble form to an insoluble aggregate is associated with a structural or conformational change in the protein. (brightfocus.org)
Polymorphisms that slightly vary native peptides or inflammatory processes set the stage for abnormal protein folding and amyloid fibril deposition. (medscape.com)
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by extracellular deposition of Aβ peptides in senile plaques and intracellular accumulation of hyperphosphorylated τ protein in neuronal cells as neurofibrillary tangles. (springer.com)

plaques in Alzheimer's patients select the pathogenic target structures. (the-scientist.com)
Two papers in October 15 Nature Medicine , show that vaccines designed to clear amyloid-beta (Aβ) protein in Alzheimer's patients are selective for the pathogenic target structures and can be further refined to become more selective. (the-scientist.com)

Amyloid beta (Aβ or Abeta) denotes peptides of 36-43 amino acids that are the main component of the amyloid plaques found in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease. (wikipedia.org)
Proteolytic processing of beta-CTF released Abeta. (amsterdamumc.org)

Aβ is the main component of amyloid plaques, extracellular deposits found in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease. (wikipedia.org)
An amyloid fibrillar form of these peptides is the major component of amyloid plaques found in individuals with Alzheimer's disease and in aged individuals with trisomy 21 (DOWN SYNDROME). (rush.edu)

These peptide fragments, which accumulate in the brains of AD patients, play an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. (neurosciencenews.com)
APP undergoes extensive post-translational modification including glycosylation , phosphorylation , sialylation, and tyrosine sulfation , as well as many types of proteolytic processing to generate peptide fragments. (handwiki.org)

Although central nervous system-resident microglia are believed to be ineffective at phagocytosing and clearing amyloid-β (Aβ), a major pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), it has been suggested that peripheral myeloid cells constitute a heterogeneous cell population with greater Aβ-clearing capabilities. (neurosciencenews.com)
Toxic beta-amyloid is a distinguishing hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. (anesthesiaexperts.com)

However the central sequence KLVFFAE is known to form amyloid on its own, and probably forms the core of the fibril. (wikipedia.org)

NMR investigations of protein structure and dynamics in response to environmental changes. (cardiff.ac.uk)
The researchers found that the amyloid beta protein structure that was able penetrate the cell had a specific type of beta sheet in which its peptides stacked onto each other, similar to a layer cake. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
Native or wild-type quaternary protein structure is usually born from a single translated protein sequence with one ordered conformation with downstream protein interactions. (medscape.com)
The novel test developed to validate conformational invariance during labeling can be applied generally to any footprinting methodology where perturbation to protein structure by the footprint labeling is suspected. (wustl.edu)

They are involved in the formation of protein folding/degradation signalling pathway, maintaining the normal spatial structure and normal biological function of protein [ 3 ]. (ijpsonline.com)
Raha S, Ghosh A, Dutta D, Patel DR, Pahan K. Activation of PPARa enhances astroglial uptake and degradation of ß-amyloid. (rush.edu)

It interacts also with anticoagulant protein S and with serum amyloid P component. (lu.se)

Our results suggest that monomeric amyloid beta-peptide 1-40 contributes to mimic insulin effects in the brain, which could be good when neurons have an extra requirement of energy beside the well-known protective effects on insulin intracellular signalling, while its accumulation and subsequent oligomerization blocks the insulin receptor producing insulin resistance and compromising neuronal metabolism and protective pathways. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

The "amyloid hypothesis" - that the plaques are responsible for the pathology of Alzheimer's disease - is accepted by the majority of researchers, but is not conclusively established. (wikipedia.org)
Abstract for "Impact of peripheral myeloid cells on amyloid-β pathology in Alzheimer's disease-like mice" by Stefan Prokop, Kelly R. Miller, Natalia Drost, Susann Handrick, Vidhu Mathur, Jian Luo, Anja Wegner, Tony Wyss-Coray, and Frank L. Heppner in Journal of Experimental Medicine . (neurosciencenews.com)
Modifiers and novel antibodies specifically recognizing neurotoxic Aß assemblies will be validated for their potential not only to prevent amyloid plaque formation, but also spreading of pathology as well as neurotoxicity. (alzheimer-europe.org)
Christoph Hock and colleagues at the University of Zurich , Switzerland, performed immunohistochemical examinations of the brains of both transgenic mice and human patients with β-amyloid pathology. (the-scientist.com)

The fly is modified so that it expresses a peptide called Amyloid Beta, found in protein-based plaques of humans with Alzheimer's disease. (nocamels.com)

Controlling interactions of RNA molecules in cells using peptides and nucleic acid analogues. (cardiff.ac.uk)
We have published our work on Cu interactions with human serum albumin , amyloid beta (the peptide famous for its involvement in Alzheimer's disease), and the human cellular copper transport protein 1 (Ctr1) . (duke.edu)
The structure reveals extensive main chain interactions between C3dand only one short consensus repeat (SCR) of CR2 and substantial SCR side-sidepacking. (embl.de)
Instead, no regular assembly is obtained from solutions with high peptide concentrations, as their dynamics is dominated by strong repulsive peptide-peptide electrostatic interactions, and from solutions at pH 10, in which the total peptide charge is zero. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Here she leads a multidisciplinary research group focused on developing new approaches, primarily utilising mass spectrometry, to investigate the structure, function and interactions of macromolecules important in biology. (edu.au)
The ability to 'see' the atomic detail of these assemblies, including their structures and interactions with other molecules, provides an opportunity to understand their biological activity. (edu.au)
This is due to the ability of mass spectrometry to precisely identify biomolecules, binding interactions, detect individual species present in a mixture, and offer conformational information for large, dynamic and heterogeneous structures, with physiological relevance. (edu.au)
Research in the Pukala group is directed towards development of new approaches, primarily using mass spectrometry, to obtain insight into the structure, function and interactions of macromolecules, with a focus on enhancing understanding of multi-molecular systems involved in disease. (edu.au)
Reorganization following a brain injury inevitably perturbs the dynamic equilibrium, which can affect many aspects of neuronal structure and function including intrinsic neuronal properties, synaptic interactions, and connectivity within and between networks. (frontiersin.org)
The Nilsson group is focused on understanding the noncovalent interactions that drive peptide self-assembly in order to facilitate novel approaches to perturb and control these processes and to exploit these interactions to enable new strategies for the noncovalent synthesis of functional and dynamic self-assembled materials. (rochester.edu)
The atomic interactions between subunits in protein assemblies are finely tuned to control affinity as well as quaternary structure. (lu.se)

Human alpha(2)-macroglobulin-proteinase complexes bind to their receptor, the lowdensity lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP), through a discrete138-residue C-terminal receptor binding domain (RBD), which also binds to thebeta-amyloid peptide. (embl.de)
It also shows that the synthetic peptide alpha sheet binds only to beta-amyloid oligomer alpha sheets and that this neutralizes their toxicity. (anesthesiaexperts.com)

Aβ can also form the deposits that line cerebral blood vessels in cerebral amyloid angiopathy. (wikipedia.org)
Deposits of beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptide represent an important target for research into AD. (neurosciencenews.com)
They observed that antibodies from sera of patients who received a primary injection of pre-aggregated Aβ 42 recognized β-amyloid plaques, diffuse Aβ deposits and vascular β- amyloid in brain blood vessels. (the-scientist.com)
Various descriptive classification systems were proposed based on the organ distribution of amyloid deposits and clinical findings. (medscape.com)

Research suggests that soluble oligomeric forms of the amyloid beta may be causative agents in the development of Alzheimer's disease. (wikipedia.org)
NMR studies of amyloid-beta peptides (the causative agents of Alzheimer's Disease) in complex with metal ions. (cardiff.ac.uk)

Evaluation of the effects of phosphorylation of synthetic peptide substrates on their cleavage by caspase-3 and -7. (salvesenlab.org)
Now, scientists have designed a synthetic peptide, or small protein, that can block beta-amyloid in its early and most harmful stages. (anesthesiaexperts.com)
The synthetic peptide, which has only 23 amino acids, folds into structures called alpha sheets. (anesthesiaexperts.com)
A team from the University of Washington (UW) in Seattle and other research centers in the United States designed and produced the synthetic peptide and also tested it in cells and animals. (anesthesiaexperts.com)
The researchers designed the synthetic peptide alpha sheets to target beta-amyloid while it is at the oligomer-forming stage. (anesthesiaexperts.com)
The study shows, she adds, that it is possible to devise synthetic peptide alpha sheets whose structures "complement" those of beta-amyloid as it assumes a toxic form, "while leaving the biologically active monomers intact. (anesthesiaexperts.com)
In addition, treating the live mice with alpha sheets of synthetic peptide reduced their beta-amyloid oligomer levels by 40 percent within 24 hours. (anesthesiaexperts.com)
These showed that treatment with alpha sheets of synthetic peptide was able to delay paralysis due to beta-amyloid. (anesthesiaexperts.com)
This synthetic peptide consists of amino acids 22 to 40 of beta amyloid protein. (watsonbio.com)

At monomeric state, amyloid beta-peptide is not toxic but its function in brain, if any, is unknown. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Here we show, by in silico study, that monomeric amyloid beta-peptide 1-40 shares the tertiary structure with insulin and is thereby able to bind and activate insulin receptor. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
We validated this prediction experimentally by treating human neuroblastoma cells with increasing concentrations of monomeric amyloid. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
Our results confirm that monomeric amyloid beta-peptide 1-40 activates insulin receptor autophosphorylation, triggering downstream enzyme phosphorylarions and the glucose Transporter 4 translocation to the membrane. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
We have used FPOP to characterize the oligomeric structures of three human apolipoprotein E: ApoE) isoforms and a monomeric mutant in their lipid-free states. (wustl.edu)

Finally, we find by FPOP that ApoE interacts with beta-amyloid peptide 1-42 at a specific site in its N-terminal domain. (wustl.edu)

Researchers have known that the peptide amyloid beta plays a role in causing Alzheimer's disease, but they are still working to determine how it becomes toxic. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
Researchers have found that amyloid beta must change its internal structure into a long, flat structure called a beta sheet to be absorbed into the cell and become toxic. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
Alzheimer's researchers have had a long-standing debate on whether amyloid beta is toxic before entering the nerve cell or after entering the cell. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
Alzheimer's is a relentless disease in which toxic clusters of beta-amyloid protein collect in brain cells. (anesthesiaexperts.com)
The tests showed that alpha sheets of the peptide reduced the toxic impact of beta-amyloid in cultured human brain cells. (anesthesiaexperts.com)
The researchers say that the findings could lead to treatments that clear away toxic beta-amyloid in its early forms. (anesthesiaexperts.com)
But not all forms of beta-amyloid are toxic. (anesthesiaexperts.com)
At first, scientists thought that plaques were the most toxic form of beta-amyloid that produced symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, such as loss of memory and thinking capacity. (anesthesiaexperts.com)
However, due to growing evidence, an increasing number of experts are suggesting that the earlier oligomer stages of beta-amyloid are likely to be the most toxic to brain cells. (anesthesiaexperts.com)
Studies have linked the illness with amyloid- B peptides, which accumulate into toxic plaques that damage and kill nerve cells. (plantmedicine.news)
The compounds displayed the ability to reduce the toxic effects of amyloid- B peptides on neurons. (plantmedicine.news)
Ten out of the 14 compounds displayed protective effects against the toxic effects of amyloid- B . The compounds with the highest activity achieved moderate levels of neuroprotection that depended on the dosage applied. (plantmedicine.news)

Alzheimer disease (AD) is biologically defined by the presence of β-amyloid-containing plaques and tau-containing neurofibrillary tangles. (medscape.com)
Pathologic hallmarks of the disease include beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and reactive gliosis. (medscape.com)

Spectroscopic studies and atomistic molecular dynamics simulations reveal significant differences between the secondary structures of CREKA and CRENKA. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

In vivo validations include studies in innovative zebrafish models, which allow life imaging of neuronal cell death, as well as the establishment of microPET amyloid imaging for longitudinal studies in individual animals. (alzheimer-europe.org)
4) The development of cyclic amphipathic peptides for the in vivo delivery of therapeutic oligonucleotides. (rochester.edu)

With this knowledge, the researchers can investigate what happens next to amyloid beta once inside the cell and how it interacts with the mitochondria. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)

Monomer forms of beta-amyloid carry out essential jobs in brains cells. (anesthesiaexperts.com)

MRI can be considered the preferred neuroimaging examination for Alzheimer disease because it allows accurate measurement of the 3-dimensional (3D) volume of brain structures, especially the size of the hippocampus and related regions. (medscape.com)

Carriers of this mutation develop a severe hereditary form of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), known as hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis, Dutch type (HCHWA-D). This disease is associated with recurrent strokes during the fifth and sixth decades of life often causing focal neurological symptoms and signs, including focal seizures. (alzforum.org)

Furthermore, AR-A014418 inhibits neurodegeneration mediated by beta-amyloid peptide in hippocampal slices. (rcsb.org)

Amyloid β-induced impairments in hippocampal synaptic plasticity are rescued by decreasing mitochondrial superoxide. (colorado.edu)

This finding supports studies that have found beta-amyloid plaques in the brains of people without Alzheimer's disease. (anesthesiaexperts.com)

Amyloid beta-Peptides" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (rush.edu)

Investigation of the immunogenic properties of cyclic peptides with potential applications in anti-cancer vaccines. (cardiff.ac.uk)
Functional Delivery of siRNA by Disulfide-Constrained Cyclic Amphipathic Peptides. (rochester.edu)

Thus, microglia in AD are unable to fulfill their primary purpose, which is the elimination of foreign substances or abnormal structures such as pathological beta-amyloid peptides. (neurosciencenews.com)
Amyloid protein assemblies are not limited to pathological conditions, but also exist as evolutionarily conserved motifs with defined biological function. (rochester.edu)

BACE1 is a key enzyme involved in the production of amyloid ß-peptide (Aß) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains. (upf.edu)

Design, synthesis, and in vitro evaluation of aza-peptide aldehydes and ketones as novel and selective protease inhibitors. (salvesenlab.org)
This substitution is adjacent to the beta secretase cleavage site and results in a 40% reduction in the formation of amyloid beta in vitro. (handwiki.org)

3) The development of low molecular weight phenylalanine derivatives that undergo self-assembly and hydrogelation to provide a range of supramolecular materials that are cost-effective alternatives to higher molecular weight peptides. (rochester.edu)

Dr. Frank Heppner explains that "in order to make these peripheral macrophages interested in Aβ peptides, AD mice harboring blood-borne macrophages instead of resident microglia in the brain were given an Aβ vaccine - an approach that is currently being investigated in several clinical trials, and remains the subject of intense discussion. (neurosciencenews.com)
To readdress this question by rigorous quantitative methods, we analyzed transgenic mice expressing human beta-CTF with the I45F mutation (SPA4CT) under control of the prion protein promoter by stereological techniques. (amsterdamumc.org)

Many studies suggested that deep CMBs may relate to hypertensive small vessel disease (HTN-SVD) and strictly lobar CMBs for cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), 1 but the risk factors of CMBs are not entirely clear. (dovepress.com)

Afterward, they tested both old and new compounds by treating cultured neurons that produced amyloid-beta peptides. (plantmedicine.news)

[12] The amyloid beta region of the protein, located in the membrane-spanning domain, is not well conserved across species and has no obvious connection with APP's native-state biological functions. (handwiki.org)

The way that amyloid beta (Aß) peptide is deposited into insoluble plaques in Alzheimer's disease is still unknown. (brightfocus.org)

Amyloids are implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. (nih.gov)

We thus modelled the docking of oligomeric amyloid peptide 1-40 to insulin receptor. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
beta-peptide 1-40 blocks insulin receptor, impairing its activation. (ibecbarcelona.eu)
By biological system analysis, we have carried out a mathematical model recapitulating the process that turns amyloid beta-peptide binding to insulin receptor from the physiological to the pathophysiological regime. (ibecbarcelona.eu)

While abnormal keratin filament structure and function can explain hypohidrosis and epithelial differentiation abnormalities, the absence of dermatoglyphics is not well understood. (medscape.com)

Furthermore, one will need to be able to predict the structure patterns generated during the self-organization of whole layers of (bio)molecules on the surface. (degruyter.com)
But we are still far away from an unbiased structure prediction of thermodynamically and/or kinetically stable structures of molecules on surfaces. (degruyter.com)
Similarly, the powerful global search techniques that have been applied to, and sometimes specifically developed for, the structure prediction of crystals and single molecules in vacuum or solvent can also be employed for the prediction of the structure(s) of molecules on surfaces. (degruyter.com)
This methodology may extend knowledge on the oligomeric structures despite the necessity to transfer the molecules from solution to the gas phase. (nature.com)

Anatomy23

Organisms16

Diseases15

Chemicals and Drugs110

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment36

Psychiatry and Psychology4

Phenomena and Processes51

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care2

Proteins17

Precursor11

Aggregation8

Implicated in the production of amyloid1

Oligomers12

Fibrils5

Aggregates4

Deposition5

Pathogenic2

Abeta2

Component of amyloid plaques2

Fragments2

Hallmark of Alzheimer's disease2

Known to form amyloid1

Protein Structure4

Degradation2

Serum amyloid P1

Intracellular1

Pathology4

Humans1

Interactions11

Binds2

Deposits4

Causative2

Synthetic9

Monomeric5

ApoE1

Toxic12

Neurofibrillary tangles2

Secondary1

VIVO2

Interacts1

Monomer1

Alzheimer Disease1

Amyloidosis1

Neurodegeneration1

Hippocampal1

Brains of people1

MeSH1

Cyclic2

Pathological2

BACE11

Vitro2

Molecular1

Mice2

Cerebral1

Neurons1

Membrane1

Insoluble1

Neurodegenerative1

Insulin3

Abnormal1

Molecules4