• Complaints of weakness, dizziness, headache, and trauma lend themselves to rapid evaluation and diagnosis through the use of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (medscape.com)
  • [ 1 , 2 ] Computed tomography is the diagnostic procedure of choice for acute injury, while magnetic resonance imaging has greater value for evaluation in the subacute and long term. (medscape.com)
  • The magnetic field of each magnet is due to microscopic currents of electrically charged electrons orbiting nuclei and the intrinsic magnetism of fundamental particles (such as electrons) that make up the material. (wikipedia.org)
  • If all magnetic dipoles for each magnet are known then the net force on both magnets can be determined by summing all the interactions between the dipoles of the first magnet and the dipoles of the second magnet. (wikipedia.org)
  • The field of a magnet is the sum of fields from all magnetized volume elements, which consist of small magnetic dipoles on an atomic level. (wikipedia.org)
  • Magnetic pole model: In the magnetic pole model, the pole surfaces of a permanent magnet are imagined to be covered with so-called magnetic charge, north pole particles on the north pole and south pole particles' on the south pole, that are the source of the magnetic field lines. (wikipedia.org)
  • If the magnetic pole distribution is known, then the magnetic pole model gives the exact distribution of the magnetic field intensity H both inside and outside the magnet. (wikipedia.org)
  • The net effect of these microscopic bound currents is to make the magnet behave as if there is a macroscopic electric current flowing in loops in the magnet with the magnetic field normal to the loops. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Ampèrian loop model gives the correct magnetic flux density B both inside and outside the magnet. (wikipedia.org)
  • Far away from a magnet, its magnetic field is almost always described (to a good approximation) by a dipole field characterized by its total magnetic dipole moment, m. (wikipedia.org)
  • This is true regardless of the shape of the magnet, so long as the magnetic moment is non-zero. (wikipedia.org)
  • The magnetic moment of a magnet is therefore a measure of its strength and orientation. (wikipedia.org)
  • A loop of electric current, a bar magnet, an electron, a molecule, and a planet all have magnetic moments. (wikipedia.org)
  • Both the torque and force exerted on a magnet by an external magnetic field are proportional to that magnet's magnetic moment. (wikipedia.org)
  • The direction of the magnetic moment points from the south to north pole of a magnet (inside the magnet). (wikipedia.org)
  • For example, the direction of the magnetic moment of a bar magnet, such as the one in a compass is the direction that the north poles points toward. (wikipedia.org)
  • Due to the high magnetic field, ferromagnetic materials or tools introduced into the proximity of the scanner become projectiles which may present a lethal risk to personnel working in the vicinity of the magnet and to subjects participating in the experiments. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • The high magnetic field in and around the magnet may disturb the function magnetic implants such as cardiac pacemakers and other implanted electronic devices. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • In our experimental set-up the force is obtained from a combination of a permanent magnet, which provides a strong magnetic field constant, and an alternating magnetic field provided by a specially designed Helmholtz coils pair. (upm.es)
  • Suspension magnet DND-MC E sits above a conveyor carrying material and as the material passes under the magnet, ferrous metal is attracted up and out of the non-magnetic burden. (powtech.de)
  • The magnetic attractive force of an electro suspension magnet is stronger at distance with a higher magnetic gradient (attracting and extracting smaller ferrous metals) than a permanent design. (powtech.de)
  • And for applications where the suspension magnet requires switching off, the only option is the electromagnetic version, where the magnetic field is easily switched on and off. (powtech.de)
  • At the start of the experiment the BGS magnet settings were chosen to guide products with a magnetic rigidity of 2.143 T·m to the center of the [focal plane detector] FPD. (wikiversity.org)
  • Adopting high quality magnet, so it has stronger magnetic force and more wide range in iron absorption. (magneticseparatormachine.com)
  • With special seal deal, so it can prevent the magnet pulverization and increase the life span of the magnetic rod. (magneticseparatormachine.com)
  • The Big Easy" EasySep™ Magnet generates a high-gradient magnetic field in the interior cavity that is strong enough to separate cells labeled with EasySep™ Magnetic Particles without the use of columns. (stemcell.com)
  • 10 Magnet Strong exchangeable lens that has maximum hold and is easy to exchange. (vizer.eu)
  • 4 Magnet Strong exchangeable mask for an easy snap-on buff. (vizer.eu)
  • with small magnet gaps that allow the required integrated gradients to be achieved within short lengths as well as short distances between consecutive magnets. (iucr.org)
  • MAGNETOM Prisma is your 3T PowerPack: unmatched 3T magnet, XR 80/200 gradient coil, parallel transmit architecture TimTX TrueShape, and receive architecture Tim 4G. (siemens-healthineers.com)
  • The initial sedimentation rate of the nanoparticles in water and under magnetic fields is higher for less concentrated suspensions (c 0 = 0.1 g/l) than for more concentrated ones (c 0 = 1 g/l). (scirp.org)
  • Different types of magnetic nanoparticles are synthesized to improve the sensitivity of magnetic detection (figure: a cluster of MnFe2O4 particles encased in a silica shell). (harvard.edu)
  • By controlling the radiofrequency pulse and gradient waveforms, computer programs produce specific pulse sequences that determine how an image is obtained (weighted) and how various tissues appear. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Sedimentation dynamics of magnetite ( γ -Fe 3 O 4 ) nanopowders (10 - 20 nm) in water in the presence of a gradient magnetic field was studied by optical and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) relaxometry methods. (scirp.org)
  • In particular, they are and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) refinement. (lu.se)
  • Adding diffusion-sensitizing gradients to an imaging sequence (spatial encoding) constitutes the basis for diffusion-weighted MR imaging. (ajronline.org)
  • In basic MPI, the local magnetic field distribution is scanned to encode the spatial information, and the magnetization signal with odd-order harmonics is detected from MNPs inside a selected region when an alternating magnetic field is applied to the MNPs. (intechopen.com)
  • Spatial encoding can provide tomographic images the gradients in velocity, pressure, diffusion, chemical potential, and temperature throughout the reactor bed. (confex.com)
  • First, by tracking a magnetic bead with high spatial and temporal resolution, we observe overall DNA length changes along the force axis. (bvsalud.org)
  • Together with our diffusion probe hardware, this new gradient amplifier will produce magnetic field gradients up to ~1600 gauss/cm, which is ~30-fold stronger than typical NMR instruments can produce. (utmb.edu)
  • Random motion of water molecules (diffusion) in the presence of a strong magnetic gradient results in MR signal loss as a result of the dephasing of spin coherence ( Fig. 1 ). (ajronline.org)
  • The application of a pair of strong gradients to elicit differences in the diffusivity of water molecules among various biologic tissues is known as diffusion sensitization or diffusion weighting [ 22 , 23 ]. (ajronline.org)
  • The degree of diffusion weighting is described by the b value, a parameter that is determined by the type of sensitizing gradient scheme implemented in the MR experiment. (ajronline.org)
  • Thus, the b value (diffusion sensitization) can be increased by using stronger ( G ) and longer (δ) pulsed gradients or by lengthening the time between the pulsed gradients (Δ). (ajronline.org)
  • Diagram shows loss of intensity of MR signal (S, solid line ) resulting from inefficient rephasing of dephased spins because of displacement of water molecules (diffusion) between application of bipolar gradients ( G ). With decreased diffusion (reduced displacement of water molecules), rephasing process is more efficient and signal loss is predominantly caused by T2 decay ( dotted line ). (ajronline.org)
  • Degree of diffusion sensitization (b value) is determined by duration (δ) and strength (height) of sensitizing pulsed-gradients ( G ), and time interval between two pulsed gradients (Δ). (ajronline.org)
  • The key component of a microstructural diffusion MRI 'super-scanner' is a dedicated high-strength gradient system that enables stronger diffusion weightings per unit time compared to conventional gradient designs. (edu.au)
  • Our thermometry technique has a strong temperature dependence and exploits self-diffusion, allowing us to produce thermal maps of gases in heterogeneous reactions. (confex.com)
  • The structural map showed the dominance of short-ranged (∼0.29 to ∼1.48 km) linear magnetic anomalies. (degruyter.com)
  • The magnetic data contains anomalies with a wide dynamic amplitude range that is dependent on the source's geometry, depth, and magnetization [ 6 ]. (degruyter.com)
  • The study reveals a strong contrast between the northeastern lake basin, characterized by a regional magnetic low punctuated by stronger local magnetic lows, many of which host hydrothermal vent activity, and the northwestern lake basin with higher-amplitude magnetic anomalies and no obvious hydrothermal activity or punctuated magnetic lows. (wiley.com)
  • Venous imaging (magnetic resonance venography, or MRV) provides the best images of venous abnormalities, including thrombosis and anomalies. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Magnets exert forces and torques on each other through the interaction of their magnetic fields. (wikipedia.org)
  • Both of these are modeled quite well as tiny loops of current called magnetic dipoles that produce their own magnetic field and are affected by external magnetic fields. (wikipedia.org)
  • Scientists have discovered a new relation among electric and magnetic fields and differences in temperature, which can result in swirling vortices of electrons and holes in semiconductor devices and emit sideways magnetic fields. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Berkeley Lab scientists and their colleagues have discovered a new relation among electric and magnetic fields and differences in temperature, which may lead to more efficient thermoelectric devices that convert heat into electricity or electricity into heat. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Wu and his colleagues found that temperature gradients in semiconductors, when one side of the device is hotter than the opposite side, can produce electronic vortices -- whirlpools of electric current -- and can, at the same time, create magnetic fields at right angles to both the plane of the swirling electric currents and the direction of the heat gradient. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Wu says, "There are four well-known effects that relate thermal, electric, and magnetic fields" -- for example, the familiar Hall effect, which describes the voltage difference across an electric conductor in a perpendicular magnetic field -- "but in all these effects the magnetic field is an input, not an outcome. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In the machine room and technical yard fringe fields are sufficiently strong to present a physical hazard to unscreened subjects and personnel. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • In this area fringe, gradient, or RF magnetic fields present a physical hazard to unscreened participants and personnel. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • The temperature dependence of susceptibility was investigated in the temperature range from 2?K to 300?K in applied magnetic fields 100?mT and 1?T. The diamagnetic contribution to the susceptibility was estimated using Pascal's constants [ 13 ] and subtracted from the total susceptibility. (hindawi.com)
  • 1 T) magnetic fields. (aps.org)
  • The pair initially set out to see whether it was possible to use a technique known as quantum Monte Carlo to study the quantum Hall effect - a phenomenon in physical systems that exhibit strong magnetic fields and very low temperatures, and manifests as an energy current that runs across the temperature gradient. (cosmosmagazine.com)
  • Observations from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) indicate highly sheared and strong magnetic fields. (iac.es)
  • The inferred velocity vectors are largely (anti-)parallel to the inclined magnetic fields, suggesting that the observed Doppler shift contains a significant contribution from the projected field-aligned flows. (iac.es)
  • The sensitivity of ribbon mics is determined largely by the strength of the magnetic field encompassing the diaphragm, and the magnetic structures available 50 or 60 years ago could only generate such powerful fields by employing massive magnets. (soundonsound.com)
  • For example, neodymium magnets have been developed which are vastly more powerful than anything available before, allowing strong magnetic fields to be established using a fraction of the space required in the '50s. (soundonsound.com)
  • The magnetic motor has been carefully designed to keep the flux field where it is needed between the pole pieces and to minimise unwanted stray external fields, although the external 'ears' running down the sides of the mic body form part of the magnetic circuit around the ribbon and are capable of picking up paper clips without any difficulty! (soundonsound.com)
  • MRI uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce images of thin slices of tissues (tomographic images). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Normally, protons within tissues spin to produce tiny magnetic fields that are randomly aligned. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Mandel, K. and Hutter, F. (2012) The Magnetic Nanoparticle Separation Problem. (scirp.org)
  • In the absence of scale separation, we find destabilization is also possible, but only if a particular resonance occurs between the magnetic drift and the mode, and finite Larmor radius effects are neglected. (aip.org)
  • Nanoflare heating through small-scale magnetic reconnection events is one of the prime candidates to explain heating of the solar corona. (aanda.org)
  • Nanoflares are heating events associated with small-scale magnetic reconnection in the solar atmosphere. (aanda.org)
  • Non-thermal electrons accelerated by magnetic reconnection in the corona collide with the dense TR and chromospheric plasma, giving rise to changes in temperature and density. (aanda.org)
  • This might be connected with the formation of gel structures due to strong magnetic attraction between ferromagnetic nanoparticles. (scirp.org)
  • Solar models accounting for angular momentum transport by hydrodynamic and magnetic instabilities were computed for different initial velocities and disc lifetimes on the pre-main sequence to reproduce the surface rotation velocities observed for solar-type stars in open clusters. (aanda.org)
  • We first show that models computed with angular momentum transport by magnetic instabilities and a recent prescription for the braking of the stellar surface by magnetized winds can reproduce the observations of surface velocities of stars in open clusters. (aanda.org)
  • A rapid rotation of the core of the Sun, as suggested by reported detections of gravity modes, is thus found to be compatible with angular momentum transport by magnetic instabilities. (aanda.org)
  • 10^8$), field gradient, and microwave cavity realizations. (aps.org)
  • This tool uses a magnetic particle and a strong magnetic field gradient to apply defined forces to the molecule of interest. (bvsalud.org)
  • Given the high density of mobile electrons at the surface of the N-type layer and the high density of mobile holes at the surface of the P-type layer, but few mobile charges in the depletion layer, the electric field is strongest near the junction. (sciencedaily.com)
  • It is generally accepted that flare energy is transported by electrons accelerated to non-thermal energies as magnetic field lines reconnect. (aanda.org)
  • Gleich and Weizenecker proposed the magnetic particle imaging (MPI) approach ( Gleich & Weizenecker, 2005 ), whereby the positions of these magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) accumulated in cancerous tissue can be detected by applying a local alternating magnetic field from a source positioned outside the body. (intechopen.com)
  • The higher the conductivity of the chain is, the stronger are the exchange interactions between paramagnetic atoms of iron in complex ( I ). Due to this, we performed a study of the complex by means of Mössbauer spectroscopy which is very sensitive to the changes of energy [ 11 ] and by the measurement of the temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility in a wide temperature range from 2?K to 300?K. (hindawi.com)
  • In contrast, here we include non-axisymmetry explicitly via the dependence of the magnetic drift on the field line label α , i.e., across the magnetic field, but within the magnetic flux surface. (aip.org)
  • The magnetic field B ≤ 0.3 T, dB/dz ≤ 0.13 T/cm was produced by the system of permanent strip magnets. (scirp.org)
  • The most elementary force between magnets is the magnetic dipole-dipole interaction. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is often more convenient to model the force between two magnets as being due to forces between magnetic poles having magnetic charges spread over them. (wikipedia.org)
  • This model works well in predicting the forces between simple magnets where good models of how the magnetic charge is distributed are available. (wikipedia.org)
  • The device creates strong magnetic field gradients using the self-assembly of micrometer- sized permanent magnets. (harvard.edu)
  • By incorporating a high-Q microwave cavity into the plasma confinement region [1], we observed significantly enhanced cooling rates when the cyclotron frequency, controlled by scanning the axial magnetic field, is near a cavity resonance [2]. (aps.org)
  • Large changes were observed in magnetic field configuration due to the emergence of new magnetic flux regions (EFR). (ias.ac.in)
  • Close to axisymmetry, we find that an averaging effect of the magnetic drift on the flux surface causes global (on the surface) stabilization, as compared to the most unstable local mode. (aip.org)
  • High-resolution observations from the Hinode/Spectro-Polarimeter further exhibit a clear correlation between the Doppler velocity and the cosine of the magnetic inclination, which is in agreement with HMI results and consistent with a field-aligned flow of about 9.6 km s-1. (iac.es)
  • Since the magnetic field pins the anisotropy axis of the particle, the lateral fluctuations follow the geometry of a pendulum with a short pendulum length along and a long pendulum length perpendicular to the field lines. (bvsalud.org)
  • Geometric stabilization of the electrostatic ion-temperature-gradient driven instability. (aip.org)
  • B y virtue of its highly charged phosphate backbone, double- providethistypeofinformation.ArecentMDstudythusshowed helical DNA is engaged in strong electrostatic interactions. (lu.se)
  • When the material go through the bar, the magnetic particle will be absorbed on the bar by the strong magnetic attraction. (magneticseparatormachine.com)
  • Along the western lake shoreline are sinuous-shaped, high-amplitude magnetic anomaly highs, interpreted as lava flow fronts of upper units of the West Thumb rhyolite. (wiley.com)
  • Our hypothesis is that by means of an alternating gradient magnetic force, the MMPs follow straight line trajectories of a controlled length, in a repetitive way, and MMPs can produce cell death by interacting with cellular structures. (upm.es)
  • The most common strong alternative and complement to experimental methods to methods to obtain protein structures are X-ray crystallography obtain insight in biochemical processes. (lu.se)
  • We study the constraints that a measurement of the core rotation rate of the Sun could bring on magnetic angular momentum transport in stellar radiative zones. (aanda.org)
  • These solar models predict both a flat rotation profile in the external part of the solar radiative zone probed by pressure modes and an increase in the rotation rate in the solar core, where the stabilizing effect of chemical gradients plays a key role. (aanda.org)
  • The effects of a non-axisymmetric (3 D ) equilibrium magnetic field on the linear ion-temperature-gradient (ITG) driven mode are investigated. (aip.org)
  • Of particular value are temperature maps, not only because temperature control is essential for optimal reactor operation, but also because thermal gradients contain information about the energetics of a reaction. (confex.com)
  • The most commonly used agents are gadolinium derivatives, which have magnetic properties that affect proton relaxation times. (msdmanuals.com)
  • 2022. Mutation-related magnetization-transfer, not axon density, drives white matter differences in premanifest Huntington's disease: Evidence from in vivo ultra-strong gradient MRI . (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • After the pulse, protons relax and resume their baseline alignment within the magnetic field of the MRI device. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Preductal and postductal oxygen saturation measurements via pulse oximetry will often show a 10% or higher gradient difference, which is dependent on the magnitude of left-to-right shunting at the foramen ovale (with preductual saturations being higher). (medscape.com)
  • This review, written from the perspective of the UK National Facility for In Vivo MR Imaging of Human Tissue Microstructure, an initiative to establish a shared 300 mT/m-gradient facility amongst the microstructural imaging community, describes ten advantages of ultra-strong gradients for microstructural imaging. (edu.au)
  • We consider the strongly driven, toroidal branch of the instability in a global (on the magnetic surface) setting. (aip.org)
  • Besides, when there is a deep burden of conveyed material, high magnetic forces are needed to extract the ferrous metal from underneath the non-metallic material and the electromagnets are able to cope with this task. (powtech.de)
  • 8. Kenjeres S. (2009), "Recent Achievements in Multi-Scale Modelling and Simulations of Magnetofluiddynamic Phenomena: From Origin of Planetary Magnetic Field to Improved Magnetic Drug Targeting", Proceedings of the 7th World Conference on Experimental Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, ExHFT-7, June 28 - July 03, 2009, Krakow, Poland, Eds. (tudelft.nl)
  • It is particularly a most attractive challenge to combine strong theoretical and experimental efforts to obtain an understanding of some fundamental issues that could hardly be achieved by separate efforts. (lu.se)
  • PCR chambers, magnetic labeling channels and an NMR probe are integrated. (harvard.edu)
  • Simultaneously, the magnetic tweezers probe the DNA unwinding during R-loop formation by the bound Cascade complexes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is used to image arteries with good diagnostic accuracy and is less invasive than conventional angiography. (msdmanuals.com)
  • In a gradient magnetic field enhanced by a steel grid, sedimentation of the nanopowder (c 0 = 0.1 g/l) for 180 minutes resulted in reduction of the iron concentration in water down to 0.4 mg/l. (scirp.org)
  • The magnetic moment is a vector: it has both a magnitude and direction. (wikipedia.org)
  • Here, we describe a combined magnetic tweezers and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy setup to carry out correlated single-molecule fluorescence spectroscopy and force/twisting experiments. (bvsalud.org)
  • We present a hybrid single-molecule technique combining magnetic tweezers and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) measurements. (bvsalud.org)
  • An Overview of NQR Signal Detection Algorithms , Magnetic Resonance Detection of Explosives and Illicit Materials (NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics), 2014. (lu.se)
  • 2022). Physiological effects of human body imaging with 300 mT/m gradients. (edu.au)
  • The magnetic survey includes lake surface, regional aeromagnetic, and near-bottom autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) data. (wiley.com)
  • Meanwhile the heat gradient sets up a drift current at right angles to the electric field. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In this talk, we present the recently developed code KNOSOS (KiNetic Orbit-averaging SOlver for Stellarators), a freely-available open-source code that provides a fast computation of low collisionality neoclassical transport in three-dimensional magnetic confinement devices by rigorously solving the radially local bounce-averaged drift kinetic equation coupled to the quasineutrality equation. (cern.ch)
  • Our magnetic separators are featured with a fabrication of quality, attractive design, extensity of application use, high effectiveness of tramp metal removal and acceptable price. (powtech.de)
  • The magnetic susceptibility and magnetization were studied using a commercial Quantum Design MPMS device. (hindawi.com)
  • The AUV magnetic survey shows decreased magnetization at the periphery of the active Deep Hole hydrothermal vent. (wiley.com)
  • By calibrating the efficiency of magnetic angular momentum transport in regions of strong chemical gradients, a determination of the solar core rotation rate through gravity modes is of prime relevance not only for the Sun, but for stars in general, since radial differential rotation precisely develops in these regions during the more advanced stages of evolution. (aanda.org)
  • Here we study the strong Doppler shift signature in the central penumbral light bridge of solar active region NOAA 12673. (iac.es)
  • Advanced methods such as enhanced horizontal gradient amplitude (EHGA) involving a 3D model and tilt depth method (TDM) were used in this study. (degruyter.com)
  • Additional warning signs in the entrance to the magnetic security zones (zones 3 and 4) state that the entrance is restricted to authorized personnel only. (weizmann.ac.il)
  • This gradient in temperature induces zonal winds that can reach the order of 1 km/s to redistribute heat to the night side. (umontreal.ca)
  • The hot spot is the hottest spot of the planet and is a telltale of these strong winds. (umontreal.ca)
  • When surrounded by the strong magnetic field of an MRI device, the magnetic axes align along that field. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Nous avons aussi développé un modèle local afin de dériver des équations analytiques nous permettant de mieux comprendre les résultats observés en plus de comparer les résultats du modèle en une dimension avec ceux du modèle local. (umontreal.ca)
  • Previous studies have focused on particular features of non-axisymmetric systems, such as strong local shear or magnetic ripple, that introduce inhomogeneity in the coordinate along the magnetic field . (aip.org)
  • A multiscale magnetic survey of the northern basin of Yellowstone Lake was undertaken in 2016 as part of the Hydrothermal Dynamics of Yellowstone Lake Project (HD-YLAKE)-a broad research effort to characterize the cause-and-effect relationships between geologic and environmental processes and hydrothermal activity on the lake floor. (wiley.com)