Stress induces peripheral glucose endoplasmic reticulum stress. Medical search. Frequent questions

PM2.5 exposure leads to hepatic insulin resistance (IR) that was accompanied by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis (Laing et al. (deepdyve.com)
Many studies have shown that activation of islet autophagy may enhance antioxidant response, leading to reduced oxidative stress and reduced apoptosis in high glucose stress [ 15 , 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
The expressions of retinal GLP-1R, mitochondria-dependent apoptosis-associated genes, reactive gliosis markers, and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related pathway genes were studied by western blotting and immunohistochemistry in vivo and in vitro. (molvis.org)
Zbtb38, also called CIBZ, is highly expressed in spinal cord and it functions as a negative regulator in SCI-induced apoptosis. (oncotarget.com)
We show here that Zbtb38 is downregulated under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which promotes ER stress-associated apoptosis in human bone marrow neuroblastoma cells. (oncotarget.com)
In the traumatic SCI mice, ER stress presented in injured spinal cord induced repression of Zbtb38 expression and triggered Zbtb38-mediated apoptosis. (oncotarget.com)
Restoring Zbtb38 function in injured spinal cord by injection of lentivirus containing Zbtb38 into SCI mice, significantly alleviated secondary damage of spinal cord with decreased ER stress-associated apoptosis and partially recovered spinal cord functions. (oncotarget.com)
SYVN1/GPX5 axis affects ischemia/reperfusion induced apoptosis of AC16 cells by regulating ROS generation. (e-century.us)
Exosomes containing miR-122-5p secreted by LPS-induced neutrophils regulate the apoptosis and permeability of brain microvascular endothelial cells by targeting OCLN. (e-century.us)

In various mouse and rat models of obesity and type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus, eCBs generated in various renal cells activate CB 1 receptors and contribute to the development of oxidative stress, inflammation, and renal fibrosis. (degruyter.com)
Since NADPH and α-KG function in cellular detoxification processes in response to oxidative stress, IDH1 also indirectly participates in mitigating oxidative damage. (wikipedia.org)
The indices of DPN phenotypes in db/db mice, pathomorphology of the sciatic nerve, intraepithelial nerve fibers (IENF) of the foot pad, levels of blood lipids and oxidative stress, and inï¬ ammatory reaction were used to appraise the HGWD efficacy. (bvsalud.org)
On the other hand, regulation of mitochondrial dynamics is essential for CNS health maintenance and leading to the induction of IL-10 and reduction of TNF-α secretion, increased cell viability and diminished cell injury in addition to reduced oxidative stress. (frontiersin.org)
This was shown to be mediated by adipose tissue expansion promoting hypoxia of poorly vascularized tissues, which constitutes the driving force for the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), a sensor of oxidative stress [24]. (encyclopedia.pub)
On the onset of hyperglycemia, however, elevated mitochondrial aerobic respiration and activity of the electron transport chain, as well as advanced glycated end products, aggravates oxidative stress, which presents another activator of inflammatory cascades mediated by NF-κB, cAMP-regulated element-binding protein, and activator protein 1 [31]. (encyclopedia.pub)
Additionally, neurohormonal stimulation by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) was shown to play a role in aggravating oxidative stress and inflammation [32]. (encyclopedia.pub)
Up-regulation of P-glycoprotein expression by means of glutathione depletion- induced oxidative stress in rat brains microvessel endotelial cells. (fosite.ru)

β cells are the targets of glibenclamide and the only highly differentiated insulin-secreting cell in the human body, which secrete a certain amount of insulin to maintain glucose homeostasis [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) a magic enzyme: it's role in diabetes mellitus and glucose homeostasis, interactions with fluroquionlones. (scielo.br)
Therefore, it is the need of the day to properly understand functions and mechanisms of GSK-3, especially its role in glucose homeostasis via effects on glycogen synthase. (scielo.br)
Markers of Parkinson (PD) and Alzheimer (AD) diseases are able to induce innate immune pathways induced by alterations in mitochondrial Ca 2+ homeostasis leading to neuroinflammation. (frontiersin.org)
In the prediabetic stage, changes in glucose and insulin homeostasis have been shown to be linked to inflammation pathogenesis even before the advent of hyperglycemia [18, 19]. (encyclopedia.pub)
Our data show that treatment with FIN improves kidney and vascular damage in a new rat model of DKD with T1D associated with a reduction in inflammation, fibrosis and osteogenic factors independently from changes in glucose homeostasis. (met-vasc.com)
The lattice model has been validated in immune regulation, cancer progression and glucose homeostasis in mice. (gr.jp)
Glycogen storage disease (GSD) type I, also known as von Gierke disease, is a group of inherited autosomal recessive metabolic disorders of the glucose-6- phosphatase system which helps maintain glucose homeostasis. (medscape.com)

Subsequent increase in inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and loss of intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) was also observed, leading to neurobehavioral and nerve functional deficits in diabetic rats. (iasp-pain.org)
We therefore investigated the effects of PM2.5 exposure on insulin resistance and the disorders of hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism via hypothalamic inflammation. (deepdyve.com)
Although the treatment did not affect hepatic inflammation or endoplasmic reticulum stress, it inhibited the expression of the enzymes for gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis in the liver. (deepdyve.com)
Therefore, our current finding indicates an important role of hypothalamic inflammation in PM2.5 exposure-mediated hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism disorder. (deepdyve.com)
Recently, the role of inflammation in the central nervous system, particularly the hypothalamus in diet-induced IR progress, has been noted in rodent models and human (Posey et al. (deepdyve.com)
2017). The inhibition of hypothalamic inflammation by intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of IKK2 inhibitor (IMD-0354) rectified PM2.5-induced glucose intolerance, IR, energy metabolism dysfunction, and attenuated peripheral inflammation in response to PM2.5 exposure (Song et al. (deepdyve.com)
The overexpression of profibrotic cytokine, namely transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) due to excessive inflammation and tissue damage, induces kidney fibrosis. (researchgate.net)
We then discuss how obesity leads to insulin resistance via a complex interplay among systemic fatty acid excess, microhypoxia in adipose tissue, ER stress, and inflammation. (jci.org)
Anti-inflammatory Activity of Isomaltodextrin in a C57BL/6NCrl Mouse Model with Lipopolysaccharide-induced Low-grade Chronic Inflammation (Doctoral dissertation). (inventbiotech.com)
We have studied the relationship between clinical and biochemical parameters and C-peptide and anti-inflammatory IL-10, as well as selected markers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction such as: CCL2, CRP, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1 and E-selectin in obese women with various degree of glucose metabolism disturbance. (medsci.org)
Additionally, hyperinsulinemia-induced lipid storage was shown to promote adipose tissue-specific inflammation and a subsequent acute phase response [22, 23]. (encyclopedia.pub)
梁耀仁，「Amelioration of LPS-Induced Inflammation Response in Microglia by AMPK Activation. (fju.edu.tw)

In this context, the association between T2DM and AD is very complex where several molecular pathways are interlinked such as insulin resistance, peripheral inflammatory response, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, among others [ 13 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
[ 11 ] PIs have also been shown to activate endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways by depleting the calcium in adipocytes. (medscape.com)
Here, we review some of the recent advances and studies that highlight the roles of these changes as well as antigen presentation and stress response pathways in beta cells in the onset and propagation of the autoimmune process in type 1 diabetes. (springer.com)

Pharmacological Inhibition of Porcupine, Disheveled and β-catenin in Wnt Signaling Pathway Ameliorates Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Rats. (iasp-pain.org)
Central IKK2 Inhibition Ameliorates Air Pollution-Mediated Hepatic Glucose and Lipid Metabolism. (deepdyve.com)
2017). Whether central inhibition of IKK2 could reverse the dysfunction of glucose and lipid metabolism remains unknown. (deepdyve.com)
The drug treatments for diabetes currently include insulin, insulin secretagogues, promotion of peripheral tissue glucose use, inhibition of intestinal glucose absorption, and insulin sensitizers [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
The hallmarks of impaired insulin sensitivity in these three tissues are decreased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake into skeletal muscle, impaired insulin-mediated inhibition of hepatic glucose production in liver, and a reduced ability of insulin to inhibit lipolysis in adipose tissue. (jci.org)
In addition, they create a large production of reactive oxygen species, which leads to the production of cytokines, macrophage recruitment, and inhibition of glucose transport 4 (GLUT-4), along with a deficiency in insulin signaling and the hormones leptin and adiponectin. (medscape.com)

2007). Emerging evidence from both epidemiological and experimental studies indicates the adverse consequences of PM2.5 exposure on diabetes, including worsening of whole-body insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance impairment, lipid accumulation, and glucose metabolism dysfunction (Hwang et al. (deepdyve.com)
2010), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, impaired hepatic glucose metabolism (Zheng et al. (deepdyve.com)
As an isocitrate dehydrogenase, IDH1 catalyzes the reversible oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to yield α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) as part of the TCA cycle in glucose metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
Diabetes causes suppressed glucose oxidation leading to inefficient energy production, enhanced fatty acid metabolism, and increased susceptibility to myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury. (biomedcentral.com)
Janowska J, Chudek J, Olszanecka-Glinianowicz M, Semik-Grabarczyk E, Zahorska-Markiewicz B. Interdependencies among Selected Pro-Inflammatory Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction, C-Peptide, Anti-Inflammatory Interleukin-10 and Glucose Metabolism Disturbance in Obese Women. (medsci.org)
Obese patients were spited in subgroups based on the degree of glucose metabolism disorder. (medsci.org)

The Er1 F/− EV cargo is taken up by recipient cells leading to an increase in insulin-independent glucose transporter levels, enhanced cellular glucose uptake, higher cellular oxygen consumption rate and greater tolerance to glucose challenge in mice. (nature.com)
In the ischemic myocardium, an increase in glucose uptake and subsequent ATP generated through glycolysis helps to sustain myocardial electric and mechanical performance, maintains cellular ultrastructure, promotes myocardial recovery. (biomedcentral.com)
Accordingly, mechanism of enhancing myocardial energetic efficiency by stimulating glucose availability and utilization has led to the vigorous pursuit of therapeutic approaches designed to augment glucose uptake and oxidation. (biomedcentral.com)
One such area of interest is the ability to modulate myocardial glucose uptake and its impact on cardioprotection. (biomedcentral.com)
Isolated muscles exhibited complete resistance to insulin and diminished insulin -stimulated glucose uptake. (bioscientifica.com)

However, there are no reports as yet on involvement of Wnt signaling pathway in one of the most debilitating neurovascular complication of diabetes, i.e, diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). (iasp-pain.org)
Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (50 mg/kg) to male Sprague Dawley rats. (iasp-pain.org)
Due to a rapid drop in glycated haemoglobin (from over 14% to 6% in 4 months), treatment-induced neuropathy of diabetes (TIND) was hypothesised. (bvsalud.org)
An abnormal increase in blood glucose may be due to a defect in insulin self-secretion caused by the immune system (type 1 diabetes mellitus, T1DM), or resistance to the cellular effects of insulin, as well as insufficient insulin secretion (type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM) [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable disease throughout the world in which there is persistently high blood glucose level from the normal range. (scielo.br)
One potential benefit of fenugreek is improving elevated blood glucose and lipid levels associated with chronic conditions such as diabetes and obesity. (lww.com)
Human investigations suggest that fenugreek can be beneficial as an adjunct in controlling high blood glucose and lipid levels in people with diabetes. (lww.com)
GLP-1 has insulinotropic, insulinomimetic, and glucagonostatic effects, thereby exerting multiple complementary actions to lower blood glucose in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (biomedcentral.com)
We advance the hypothesis that antigen presentation by beta cells, their stress responses and functional heterogeneity are critical factors that will provide clues towards solving the enigma posed by islet autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes. (springer.com)
Dr. Aturk's research is focused on immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced type 1 diabetes. (cuanschutz.edu)

In this study, we investigated the role of autophagy in glibenclamide-induced insulin secretion in pancreatic β cells. (hindawi.com)
These results suggest that glibenclamide-induced autophagy plays an inhibitory role in promoting insulin secretion by activating the AMPK pathway instead of altering the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). (hindawi.com)
However, not all induced autophagy is beneficial. (hindawi.com)
In insulin-producing β cells, excess autophagy degrades insulin granules, resulting in decreased insulin contents and systemic glucose intolerance, whereas in insulin-responsive cells, activating autophagy decreases endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and improves insulin sensitivity [ 17 , 18 ]. (hindawi.com)
Here, we show that persistent DNA damage accumulation in tissue-infiltrating macrophages carrying an ERCC1-XPF DNA repair defect ( Er1 F/− ) triggers Golgi dispersal, dilation of endoplasmic reticulum, autophagy and exosome biogenesis leading to the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in vivo and ex vivo. (nature.com)

Thus, SUs can close the K ATP channel in pancreatic β cells, followed by membrane depolarization and open the voltage-dependent Ca 2+ channels (VDCCs) to increase intracellular calcium (Ca 2+ ), resulting in insulin secretion and decreasing blood glucose [ 4 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
T2D results from a reduced ability of the pancreatic beta cells to secrete enough insulin to stimulate glucose utilisation by peripheral tissues. (europa.eu)
An increase in insulin demand and production secondary to insulin resistance is accompanied by elevated pancreatic endoplasmic reticulum stress initiating pro-oxidative and proinflammatory processes [20, 21]. (encyclopedia.pub)

Returning to a chow diet significantly reduced body weight and glucose intolerance. (met-vasc.com)

Intrathecal administration of Wnt signaling inhibitors (each at doses of 10 and 30 µM) in diabetic rats showed improvement in pain-associated behaviors (heat, cold & mechanical hyperalgesia) and nerve functions (motor, sensory nerve conduction velocities and nerve blood flow) by decreasing the expression of Wnt pathway proteins, inflammatory marker, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), ER stress marker, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and improving IENFD. (iasp-pain.org)
RESULTS: HGWD reversed DPN phenotypes in db/db mice, improved peripheral nerve structure, ameliorated the level of blood lipids and nerve growth factor in plasma, enhanced antioxidant capacity, and alleviated inflammatory responses. (bvsalud.org)
We find that high glucose in EV-targeted cells triggers pro-inflammatory stimuli via mTOR activation. (nature.com)
serum aminotransferases, inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α), glucose and insulin levels. (p450inhibitors.com)
Our study reveals a sex-dependent effect of EO diet in both tissues, and an influence on the expression of genes mainly involved in immune, inflammatory and stress pathway. (biomedcentral.com)

Short-term dietary intervention improves endothelial dysfunction induced by high-fat feeding in mice through upregulation of the AMPK-CREB signaling pathway. (met-vasc.com)

Initially, this causes impaired glucose tolerance, i.e. a reduced capacity to clear glucose from the blood following a glucose load. (europa.eu)
Before sacrifice, body weight, intraperitoneal glucose and insulin tolerance test (IP-ITT) were performed to evaluate peripheral parameters and also behavioral tests to determine cognitive decline. (biomedcentral.com)

Activity coordination in these key tissues by the central and peripheral nervous system remains understudied, despite their fundamental importance. (exeter.ac.uk)

Perspective: This study emphasizes the involvement of Wnt signaling pathway in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). (iasp-pain.org)
In fact, it has also been demonstrated that peripheral alterations in the insulin pathway observed in patients with T2DM contribute to alterations in brain insulin, leading to an increase of Aβ accumulation and a decrease of its clearance, which induce neuronal damage and, therefore, cognitive decline, creating a vicious cycle of pathogenesis [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

IDH1 also participates in the regulation of glucose-induced insulin secretion. (wikipedia.org)
Previous studies have shown that glibenclamide can improve insulin secretion at low-normal glucose, which may increase the risk of hypoglycemia when attempting to maintain tight glucose control [ 8 ]. (hindawi.com)

High-intensity interval versus moderate-intensity continuous training: Superior metabolic benefits in diet-induced obesity mice. (inventbiotech.com)
Hydroxytyrosol ameliorates insulin resistance by modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress and prevents hepatic steatosis in diet-induced obesity mice. (inventbiotech.com)
Saponins from Boussingaultia gracilis prevent obesity and related metabolic impairments in diet-induced obese mice. (inventbiotech.com)
Results: Creation of a SFBL induced a dramatic increase in intraluminal bacterial counts compared to sham mice. (p450inhibitors.com)
In the present study, we aimed to evaluate central and peripheral effects of dexibuprofen (DXI) in the progression of AD in APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) female mice, a familial AD model, fed with high fat diet (HFD). (biomedcentral.com)
Moreover, Wu and coworkers have proven the existence of peripheral metabolic changes in plasma and liver of AD mice models, suggesting that AD development is not only caused by alterations in the brain but also that systemic impairment plays a key role in the pathology [ 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Epicatechin mitigates anxiety-related behavior in a mouse model of high fat diet-induced obesity. (stanford.edu)

This study aimed to elucidate if a short-term dietary intervention consisting in replacing the high-fat diet with a standard diet for 2 weeks could reverse obesity-induced endothelial dysfunction via AMPK-CREB activation. (met-vasc.com)

At the end of the exposure, fasting blood glucose and serum insulin were evaluated before epididymal adipose tissue and liver were collected, flow cytometry, quantitative PCR and Western blot were performed at euthanasia. (deepdyve.com)
plasma, serum, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated. (stanford.edu)

While the heart is capable of utilizing a variety of available substrates to generate adenosine triphosphate, this metabolic flexibility is compromised under circumstances in which the heart is stressed, particularly by myocardial ischemia. (biomedcentral.com)
The injured myocardium develops an evolving dependence on glucose as its preferred metabolic substrate while development of myocardial insulin resistance is associated with the progression of heart failure and increased incidence as well as severity of the damaged hearts. (biomedcentral.com)
Insulin, glucose and potassium (GIK) are touted as useful metabolic adjuvant, associated with improvement of cardiac function in acute myocardial function, but the general acceptance of this therapeutic approach is limited by requirements for concomitant infusion of glucose and concerns regarding hypoglycemia. (biomedcentral.com)

As beta cell mass decreases and beta cell secretory capacity further deteriorates, there is a progressive increase in the fasting glucose concentration, eventually culminating in overt hyperglycaemia. (europa.eu)

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is currently incurable since treatments applied to clinic are limited to minimizing secondary complications and the mechanisms of injury-induced spinal cord damage are poorly understood. (oncotarget.com)

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction (HGWD) is a classic traditional Chinese herbal formula from "Synopsis of Golden Chamber," which is used to treat blood stagnation and has been used for alleviating diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in the clinic. (bvsalud.org)
We explored the effect of FIN in a novel model of type 1 diabetic Munich Wistar Frömter (MWF) rat (D) induced by injection of streptozotocin (15 mg/kg) and additional exposure to a high-fat/high-sucrose diet. (met-vasc.com)

Similar results were found in primary rat Müller cells under high glucose culture in vitro. (molvis.org)

This study investigated the capacity of the dietary flavonoid (-)-epicatechin (EC) to mitigate HFD-induced obesity-associated alterations in memory and mood. (stanford.edu)

Our findings link changes in the hippocampus and the gut microbiota in a context of HFD-induced obesity and anxiety. (stanford.edu)

She obtained her PhD in Nutritional Biology at UC Davis, where she worked in the laboratory of Dr. Patricia Oteiza investigating the mechanisms involved in the beneficial effects of (-)-epicatechin on high-fat-induced intestinal permeability and endotoxemia. (stanford.edu)

Alternatively, lipoatrophy is exemplified by peripheral fat wasting with loss of subcutaneous tissue in the face, arms, legs, and buttocks. (medscape.com)

The disease is chiefly manifested in the form of elevated levels of blood glucose. (heraldopenaccess.us)

[ 2 ] In 1978, Narisawa et al proposed that a transport defect of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) into the microsomal compartment may be present in some patients with GSD type I. (medscape.com)

Cytoplasmic stress responses in Er1 F/− macrophages. (nature.com)
The circulating leptin signals the status of body energy stores to the brain and induces the satiety responses through neurotransmmiters. (biomedcentral.com)

Islet cells respond to physiological stimuli including glucose, fatty acids, hormones and neurotransmitters. (exeter.ac.uk)

The loss of beta cell mass in T2D is probably secondary to chronic exposure to high glucose and Free fatty acid (FFA) levels (glucolipotoxicity). (europa.eu)
A Fatty Diet Induces a Jejunal Ketogenesis Which Inhibits Local SGLT1-Based Glucose Transport via an Acetylation Mechanism-Results from a Randomized Cross-Over Study between Iso-Caloric High-Fat versus High-Carbohydrate Diets in Healthy Volunteers. (gu.se)

Liang YJ、Jian JH、Chen CY、Hsu CY、Shih CY、Leu JG，「L-165,041, troglitazone and their combination treatment to attenuate high glucose-induced receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) expression. (fju.edu.tw)

GSD type Id is deficiency in a transporter that translocates free glucose molecules from microsomes into the cytosol. (medscape.com)

In the presence of a robust compensatory insulin secretory response to insulin resistance, glucose levels can remain relatively normal. (jci.org)
Significant relationships were found between levels of glucose and sICAM-1and also E-selectin and HOMA-IR. (medsci.org)

A major advantage over conventional insulin is the fact that the insulinotropic actions of GLP-1 are dependent upon ambient glucose concentration, mitigating the risks of hypoglycemia. (biomedcentral.com)

It is present in both the central nervous system and peripheral organs including the kidney. (degruyter.com)

Within cells, IDH1 has been observed to localize to the cytoplasm, peroxisome, and endoplasmic reticulum. (wikipedia.org)

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