Strand rna. Medical search. Frequent questions

The positive-sense genome can act as messenger RNA (mRNA) and can be directly translated into viral proteins by the host cell's ribosomes. (wikipedia.org)
Colored transmission electron- micrograph (TEM) of ribosomes translating a messenger RNA (mRNA) strand for protein synthesis. (alamy.com)
Attached to them is a hair-like mRNA strand. (alamy.com)
Ribosomes move along the mRNA strand while reading these genetic instructions. (alamy.com)
The mRNA in the sample responded more strongly to the RNA label, De Peña explained, whereas the dsRNA had a higher affinity to the DNA dye. (genengnews.com)
QIAseq Stranded RNA Library Kits provide a superior method for generating Illumina compatible RNA-seq libraries from total RNA or mRNA enriched samples. (qiagen.com)
For applications such as gene expression, fusion gene or mutation detection, QIAseq Stranded mRNA Select Kits include an optimized mRNA enrichment protocol with all the reagents and components required to build high-quality RNA-seq libraries. (qiagen.com)
The RNAi approach conscripts a subset of microRNA (miRNA) processing machinery, allowing exogenously supplied RNA of specific sequence to stimulate turnover of accordingly-specific mRNA [6]. (chromatographytoday.com)
Whole-transcriptome analysis of blood-derived RNA requires the removal of two forms of abundant RNA-ribosomal RNA (both cytoplasmic and mitochondrial) as well as globin mRNA, which is present in high levels in whole blood. (thesixteendigital.com)
Positive-sense RNA viruses possess a single-stranded RNA genome that can serve as messenger RNA (mRNA) that can be directly translated to produce an amino acid sequence. (msdmanuals.com)

The replication of the positive-sense RNA genome proceeds through double-stranded RNA intermediates, and the purpose of replication in these membranous invaginations may be the avoidance of cellular response to the presence of dsRNA. (wikipedia.org)
The aim is to address concerns over tiny amounts of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) impurities that form during the manufacture of vaccines and other drugs. (genengnews.com)
Because of the double-stranded structure of dsRNA, the team reasoned that it would respond to the dye like double-helix DNA. (genengnews.com)
The researchers found that, by running the samples independently with each dye, they could detect which RNA was dsRNA by whether it responded more to the DNA or RNA dye. (genengnews.com)
The specialized ribonuclease Dicer initiates RNA interference by cleaving double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) substrates into small fragments about 25 nucleotides in length. (nih.gov)
In this review, we discuss the current status of these RNAi- based products and the different delivery strategies by which insects can be targeted by the RNAi-triggering double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecules. (unl.edu)
ADAR1 binds to dsRNA in both the canonical A-form and in the poorly defined Z-conformation (Z-RNA). (biorxiv.org)
Using ADAR1 Zα-domain mutant human cells and knock-in mice, we demonstrate that abrogated binding of ADAR1 to Z-RNA leads to reduced A-to-I editing of dsRNA structures formed by pairing of inversely oriented SINEs. (biorxiv.org)
This shows that the interaction between ADAR1 and Z-RNA restricts sensing of self-dsRNA and prevents AGS development. (biorxiv.org)
Phosphorylation of the plant encoded, double-stranded (dsRNA)-dependent protein kinase (pPKR) is significantly enhanced over basal levels during early phases of virus and viroid infection. (elsevierpure.com)

Positive-strand RNA viruses (+ssRNA viruses) are a group of related viruses that have positive-sense, single-stranded genomes made of ribonucleic acid. (wikipedia.org)
Positive-strand RNA viruses encode an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) which is used during replication of the genome to synthesize a negative-sense antigenome that is then used as a template to create a new positive-sense viral genome. (wikipedia.org)
Positive-strand RNA viruses are divided between the phyla Kitrinoviricota, Lenarviricota, and Pisuviricota (specifically classes Pisoniviricetes and Stelpavirictes) all of which are in the kingdom Orthornavirae and realm Riboviria. (wikipedia.org)
Positive-sense RNA viruses include pathogens such as the Hepatitis C virus, West Nile virus, dengue virus, and the MERS, SARS, and SARS-CoV-2 coronaviruses, as well as less clinically serious pathogens such as the coronaviruses and rhinoviruses that cause the common cold. (wikipedia.org)
Host cell proteins recruited by +ssRNA viruses during replication include RNA-binding proteins, chaperone proteins, and membrane remodeling and lipid synthesis proteins, which collectively participate in exploiting the cell's secretory pathway for viral replication. (wikipedia.org)
Numerous positive-strand RNA viruses can undergo genetic recombination when at least two viral genomes are present in the same host cell. (wikipedia.org)
Recombination in RNA viruses appears to be an adaptation for coping with genome damage. (wikipedia.org)
Positive-strand RNA viruses are common in plants. (wikipedia.org)
The ability of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of these viruses to switch RNA templates suggests a copy choice model of RNA recombination that may be an adaptive mechanism for coping with damage in the viral genome. (wikipedia.org)
Positive-strand RNA viruses are found in three phyla: Kitrinoviricota, Lenarviricota, and Pisuviricota, each of which are assigned to the kingdom Orthornavirae in the realm Riboviria. (wikipedia.org)
The Negative-strand RNA viruses section of Virology Journal aims to publish research articles and reviews covering all aspects of segmented and non-segmented negative strand RNA viruses from all eukaryotes. (biomedcentral.com)
A cold case: non-replicative recombination in positive-strand RNA viruses. (pasteur.fr)
Genetic recombination is a major force driving the evolution of some species of positive sense RNA viruses. (pasteur.fr)
If this is the case, then non-replicative recombination may play a unique role in the evolution of positive sense RNA viruses. (pasteur.fr)
Positive-strand RNA viruses have been the cause of several recent outbreaks and epidemics, including the Zika virus epidemic in 2015, the SARS outbreak in 2003, and the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. (utmb.edu)
On June 18-22, 2022, researchers focusing on positive-strand RNA viruses met for the Keystone Symposium "Positive-Strand RNA Viruses" to share the latest research in molecular and cell biology, virology, immunology, vaccinology, and antiviral drug development. (utmb.edu)
The ADAR1 protein is also thought to inhibit the replication and spread of certain viruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C, by modifying their RNA. (medlineplus.gov)
RNA viruses that have their genetic material encoded in the form of single-stranded, positive-sense RNA. (bvsalud.org)
Some viruses have an outer envelope consisting of protein and lipid, surrounding a protein capsid complex with genomic RNA or DNA and sometimes enzymes needed for the first steps of viral replication. (msdmanuals.com)
either DNA or RNA viruses may have single or double strands of genetic material. (msdmanuals.com)
Single-strand RNA viruses are further divided into those with (+) sense and (-) sense RNA. (msdmanuals.com)
Negative-sense RNA viruses possess a single-stranded negative-sense genome that first must synthesize a complementary positive-sense antigenome, which is then used to make genomic negative-sense RNA. (msdmanuals.com)
DNA viruses typically replicate in the host cell nucleus, and RNA viruses typically replicate in the cytoplasm. (msdmanuals.com)
Certain single-strand, (+) sense RNA viruses termed retroviruses use a very different method of replication. (msdmanuals.com)
Because RNA transcription does not involve the same error-checking mechanisms as DNA transcription, RNA viruses, particularly retroviruses, are particularly prone to mutation. (msdmanuals.com)
the genome of RNA viruses ranges from 3.5 kilobases (some retroviruses) to 27 kilobases (some reoviruses), and the genome of DNA viruses ranges from 5 kilobases (some parvoviruses) to 280 kilobases (some poxviruses). (msdmanuals.com)

QIAseq Stranded RNA Library Kits are intended for molecular biology applications. (qiagen.com)
QIAseq Stranded RNA Library Kits use a unique protocol, which does not require actinomycin D to retain strand specificity or dUTP to ensure stranded library construction, thereby ensuring highly sensitive detection of low-expression RNA molecules with increased complexity and transcript coverage. (qiagen.com)
QIAseq Stranded RNA Library Kits use CleanStart HiFi PCR Mastermix to ensure high-fidelity amplification of libraries and to protect from PCR contamination. (qiagen.com)
Analyze stranded RNA-seq data with ease using the GeneGlobe-integrated RNA-seq Analysis Portal - an intuitive, web-based data analysis solution created for biologists and included with QIAseq Stranded RNA Library Kits. (qiagen.com)

they recruit the positive-strand viral genome to viral replication complexes formed in association with intracellular membranes. (wikipedia.org)
RNA recombination appears to be a major driving force in determining genome architecture and the course of viral evolution among Picornaviridae (e.g. poliovirus). (wikipedia.org)
HIV), genome damage appears to be avoided during reverse transcription by strand switching, a form of recombination. (wikipedia.org)
Strand-specific, massively parallel cDNA sequencing (RNA-seq) is a powerful tool for transcript discovery, genome annotation and expression profiling. (nature.com)
Panel A. RNA-seq reads from the Human Brain Poly A+ RNA cDNA library were mapped against the human genome. (takarabio.com)
Noroviruses have got a single-stranded positive feeling 7-8 kb RNA genome which encodes a polyprotein precursor processed with a virus-encoded 3C-want cysteine protease (3CLpro) to create mature nonstructural protein. (bio2009.org)
Retroviruses use reverse transcription to create a double-stranded DNA copy (a provirus) of their RNA genome, which is inserted into the genome of their host cell. (msdmanuals.com)

Positive-strand RNA virus genomes usually contain relatively few genes, usually between three and ten, including an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. (wikipedia.org)
All positive-strand RNA virus genomes encode RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, a viral protein that synthesizes RNA from an RNA template. (wikipedia.org)
a plastid-encoded bacterial-type RNA polymerase (PEP) and a nuclear-encoded phage-type RNA polymerase (NEP), which recognize distinct types of promoters. (frontiersin.org)
Endogenous bornavirus-like L (EBLL) elements are inheritable sequences derived from ancient bornavirus L genes that encode a viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) in many eukaryotic genomes. (elsevierpure.com)
We report the single-strand Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (ssRPA) method, which merges the fast, isothermal amplification of RPA with subsequent rapid conversion of the double-strand DNA amplicon to single strands, and hence enables facile hybridization-based, high-specificity readout. (wustl.edu)

Total RNA sequencing based on reduced rRNA content and other type of highly abundant RNAs in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic samples. (scilifelab.se)
Total RNA-sequencing with ribosomal depletion offers a comprehensive whole transcriptome analysis by capturing diverse RNA molecules (not small RNA) such as mRNAs, non-coding RNAs that are not polyadenylated and unspliced transcripts. (scilifelab.se)
The total-RNA samples are depleted from abundant transcripts, such as ribosomal RNA, using RiboZero Plus depletion reagents. (scilifelab.se)
Runs with illumina total RNA-sequencing data. (scilifelab.se)
For strand-specific RNA-seq libraries from RNA-depleted or poly(A)-enriched samples, we recommend the reconfigured versions of the kit below, SMART-Seq Total RNA Mid Input (Cat. (takarabio.com)
The SMARTer Stranded Total RNA Sample Prep Kit - Low Input Mammalian provides a complete solution for sensitive and streamlined total RNA analysis. (takarabio.com)
The kit is designed to work with a wide range of input amounts (10-100 ng) of total RNA of any quality. (takarabio.com)
SMART-Seq Total RNA Mid Input is an equivalent replacement. (takarabio.com)
TruSeq Stranded Total RNA with Ribo-Zero Globin kits deliver a clear and comprehensive view of the transcriptome from blood-derived RNA, with a fast, efficient sequencing library preparation workflow. (thesixteendigital.com)
TruSeq Stranded Total RNA with Ribo-Zero Globin leverages Ribo-Zero chemistry to efficiently remove both forms of abundant RNA in a single, rapid step. (thesixteendigital.com)

This tool is for ordering Single-strand RNA and RNA-DNA chimeras. (horizondiscovery.com)

Coronaviruses have the largest known RNA genomes, between 27 and 32 kilobases in length, and likely possess replication proofreading mechanisms in the form of an exoribonuclease within nonstructural protein nsp14. (wikipedia.org)
However, this is true only in certain cases, and Dicer and trans-activation response RNA-binding protein - TRBP - or protein activator of PKR - PACT - are often "essential" for achieving maximal levels of strand selection, the report, appearing in RNA , notes. (genomeweb.com)
In a 2011 paper , he and his colleagues in the lab of UC Berkeley researcher Jennifer Doudna examined Dicer and TRBP and PACT, its double-stranded RNA-binding protein partners, to see if they sense the thermodynamics of duplex RNAs in human cells the same way they do in flies. (genomeweb.com)
Now, researchers from Gene Center Munich at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), led by Dr Julian Stingele, have demonstrated that RNA crosslinking damage is toxic because it impairs protein synthesis. (drugtargetreview.com)
Whereas the roles of protein-DNA interactions in HR and NHEJ have been fairly well defined, the functions of small and long non-coding RNAs and RNA-DNA hybrids in the DNA damage response is just beginning to be elucidated. (preprints.org)
Langland, J , Langland, L & Roth, D 1998, ' Differential localization and accumulation of the plant double stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase during virus infection ', Plant Physiology and Biochemistry , vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 395-400. (elsevierpure.com)
J Med Chem 2005) and extended it to macromolecular complexes involving proteins and protein-RNA complexes beyond topoisomerases (Pommier et al. (cancer.gov)
The ADAR gene provides instructions for making a protein called RNA-specific adenosine deaminase 1 (ADAR1). (medlineplus.gov)
This protein is involved in making changes to (editing) ribonucleic acid (RNA), a chemical cousin of DNA. (medlineplus.gov)
In addition, the ADAR1 protein controls the function of certain chemical messengers called neurotransmitters at particular sites in the body by modifying the RNA blueprint for receptor proteins that interact with the neurotransmitters. (medlineplus.gov)
While the function of this protein in the skin is unknown, researchers suggest that incorrect RNA editing may result in pigment-producing cells (melanocytes) that are more or less active than normal, resulting in the skin spots that occur in this disorder. (medlineplus.gov)

Double-Stranded RNA Technology to Control Insect Pests: Current Status" by Olivier Christiaens, Steve Whyard et al. (unl.edu)

The kit provides whole transcriptome analysis with accurate measurement of strand orientation, unbiased coverage, high transcript mapping, and gene counts. (takarabio.com)
These kits couple the benefits of Ribo-Zero ribosomal RNA reduction chemistry with RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) technology for whole-transcriptome analysis of human, mouse, or rat samples. (thesixteendigital.com)

Relatively simple, synthetic, double-stranded RNAs can be powerful viral pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) mimics, inducing a panoply of antiviral and antitumor responses that act at multiple stages of host defense. (elsevierpure.com)
2. Extraction of respiratory specimens in was performed using the QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit (QIAGEN). (cdc.gov)
they also probed the antisense strand of the S gene ( S antisense ), which is only produced during viral replication. (medscape.com)

Exploiting the RNA interference (RNAi) gene mechanism to silence essential genes in pest insects, leading to toxic effects, has surfaced as a promising new control strategy in the past decade. (unl.edu)

Illuminas Ribo-Zero Plus depletion kit supports ribosomal RNA (rRNA) depletion from human, mouse, rat, and bacterial species in addition to globin RNAs. (scilifelab.se)
This low-input kit contains the Illumina Indexing Primer Set, and the entire protocol-from rRNA depletion through the creation of Illumina-specific, indexed RNA-seq libraries-takes only about 5 hours. (takarabio.com)

Annotating genomes with massive-scale RNA sequencing. (nature.com)

The University of Tokyo team, however, only looked at a "very limited set" of duplex RNAs with "very particular parameters in terms of the end nucleotides and terminal mismatches" - all of which could have affected their findings. (genomeweb.com)
It was previously concluded that Dicer is dispensable for asymmetric RISC loading, but our expanded set of duplex RNAs has demonstrated that this conclusion is true only for certain types of duplex RNAs such as those with unfavorable 5' nucleotides on the passenger strand or with terminal mismatches," they wrote in RNA . (genomeweb.com)
SEQuoia Express Stranded RNA Library Prep Kit constructs high quality stranded libraries that capture coding and noncoding RNAs that are greater than 200 nucleotides. (bio-rad.com)

Weighing each method's performance and ease, we identified the dUTP second-strand marking and the Illumina RNA ligation methods as the leading protocols, with the former benefitting from the current availability of paired-end sequencing. (nature.com)

The SMARTer Stranded method allowed assignment of sequencing reads to the correct gene in the case of overlapping PHC1 and M6PR transcripts. (takarabio.com)
Panel C. Comparison of CDR1 gene counts obtained using either a strand-agnostic or strand-aware method. (takarabio.com)
RNA double strand hybridization is a hallmark for gene expression regulation . (bvsalud.org)

Transcript assembly and quantification by RNA-Seq reveals unannotated transcripts and isoform switching during cell differentiation. (nature.com)
Recombinant human Argonaute2 alone is capable of acquiring a guide RNA strand by associating with siRNAs or microRNAs, triggering targeted cleavage of transcripts in vitro , according to a paper published last month. (genomeweb.com)
The kit provides the reagents required to efficiently capture RNA transcripts from samples containing a broad range of input material. (bio-rad.com)

RNAi component strands, or those of other therapeutic modes, may harbor one or two phosphorothioate linkages. (chromatographytoday.com)

Toxic compounds known as aldehydes are produced in the body by metabolic processes, particularly upon alcohol consumption, which bind to cellular macromolecules like DNA, RNA, and proteins, and crosslink them. (drugtargetreview.com)

This means the need for additional reagents, a longer workflow, and more input RNA lost. (thesixteendigital.com)

Crosslinking damage to single stranded RNA, caused by aldehydes, is repaired by newly discovered mechanism involving ribosomes. (drugtargetreview.com)
It is thus possible that the non-replicative recombination observed in virus-focused studies may in fact reveal a more generalized mechanism that is non-specific to virus RNAs. (pasteur.fr)

Here, we evaluated the effectiveness of a single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) as an adjuvant to enhance the efficacy of inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) in mouse models. (korea.ac.kr)

In tombusviruses and carmoviruses, RNA recombination occurs frequently during replication. (wikipedia.org)

Figure 2: Key criteria for evaluation of strand-specific RNA-seq libraries. (nature.com)

Figure 4: Strand specificity and evenness of transcript coverage. (nature.com)

Pellicular anion-exchange chromatography applied to RNAi assays for monitoring strand stoichiometry and RNA stability. (chromatographytoday.com)
RNAi products require both single strand and duplex impurity assays. (chromatographytoday.com)

ADAR1 converts adenosines into inosines within double-stranded (ds) RNA. (biorxiv.org)
Mutations in the Z-RNA binding Zα-domain of ADAR1 are common in AGS patients. (biorxiv.org)
How loss of ADAR1/Z-RNA interaction contributes to disease development is unknown. (biorxiv.org)
The adenosine-to-inosine editing performed by ADAR1 is thought to change certain areas of the body's own RNA that the immune system might interpret as belonging to a virus that should be attacked. (medlineplus.gov)
The role of RNA editing by ADAR1 in prevention of innate immune sensing of self-RNA. (medlineplus.gov)

These assays are chromatographic, and typically employ two steps: First, as is common to other single-stranded therapeutics, denaturing conditions must resolve both guide and passenger strand, and thus may reveal impurities formed during the annealing process. (chromatographytoday.com)
This allows analysis of possible duplex impurities, such as those arising from annealed impurities from the guide, passenger, or both strands. (chromatographytoday.com)

An RNA virus that infects Archaea? (virology.ws)

Library performance can vary with lower input amounts and lesser quality RNA. (scilifelab.se)

The protocol supports a broad range of RNA inputs, from 1 ng to 1000 ng. (scilifelab.se)

They are monophyletic and descended from a common RNA virus ancestor. (wikipedia.org)
Parvovirus B19 is a small, single-stranded DNA virus that replicates in dividing cells and thus has a remarkable tropism for human erythroid progenitor cells. (medscape.com)
HBV is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus. (medscape.com)
HCV is an enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus. (medscape.com)
Rubella virus is the sole member of the Rubivirus genus (Togaviridae family) and is a single-stranded RNA virus. (medscape.com)
Influenza is a single-stranded, helically shaped, RNA virus of the orthomyxovirus family. (cdc.gov)
Rabies virus is an enveloped, negative, single-stranded RNA virus. (cdc.gov)
Virus ARN cuyo material genético está codificado en forma de ARN monocatenario de sentido positivo. (bvsalud.org)
RÉSUMÉ Nous avons passé en revue les manifestations dermatologiques liées à l'infection chronique par le virus de l'hépatite C (VHC) et leur rapport avec l'état hépatique. (who.int)

Some people have thought that Ago2 in humans can load double-stranded RNAs strand-selectively … on its own," he said. (genomeweb.com)

In the presented work the dissociation constants of complementary equally sized RNA single strands were measured at the single molecule level applying fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). (bvsalud.org)

Which is the complementary strand of RNA? (soetrust.org)
In this function, single stranded regulatory RNA forms Watson-Crick base pairs with complementary messenger RNA . (bvsalud.org)

Effects of Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome mutations predicted from ADAR-RNA structures. (medlineplus.gov)

For example, small and large RNAs from the same sample cannot be sequenced in a single sequence run. (rna-seqblog.com)
A DNA strand has the sequence ACCGAGCTT. (soetrust.org)

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