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Chlamydia InfectionsChlamydia trachomatisChlamydiaChlamydia muridarumChlamydophila psittaciChlamydophila InfectionsLymphogranuloma VenereumPsittacosisGonorrheaGenital Diseases, FemaleFemale Urogenital DiseasesDNA, BacterialAntibodies, BacterialSpecies SpecificitySequence Analysis, DNAUterine CervicitisUrethritisPolymerase Chain ReactionMale Urogenital DiseasesRNA, Ribosomal, 16SPelvic Inflammatory DiseaseBacterial Outer Membrane ProteinsGenes, BacterialAnti-Bacterial AgentsSexually Transmitted Diseases, BacterialTrachomaBacterial Typing TechniquesDNA, RibosomalUrethraNeisseria gonorrhoeaeCervix UteriAntigens, BacterialMice, Inbred StrainsEscherichia coliVirulenceSerotypingMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMolecular Sequence DataAzithromycinBacterial ProteinsBacteriological TechniquesSalpingitisInclusion BodiesFluorescent Antibody Technique, DirectMutationAmino Acid SequenceChlamydiaceae InfectionsConjunctivitis, InclusionCulture MediaChlamydiaceaeSexually Transmitted DiseasesLigase Chain ReactionRNA, BacterialPlasmidsUrethral DiseasesGenome, BacterialGene Expression Regulation, BacterialUterine Cervical DiseasesReproductive Tract InfectionsPhenotypeUrineSensitivity and SpecificityPorinsBase CompositionMass ScreeningGenotypePneumonia, BacterialGenes, rRNAArthritis, ReactiveVaginal DiseasesDrug Resistance, MicrobialNucleic Acid Amplification TechniquesSpecimen HandlingReagent Kits, DiagnosticHeLa CellsNucleic Acid HybridizationPrevalenceChaperonin 60Cloning, MolecularContact TracingGenetic VariationVaginaBase SequenceBacterial VaccinesGenital Diseases, MaleDoxycyclineBacterial AdhesionEvaluation Studies as TopicSoil MicrobiologyMice, Inbred BALB CPolymorphism, Restriction Fragment LengthConjunctivitisVirulence FactorsPhylogenyMycoplasma genitaliumUrogenital SystemDNA FingerprintingFallopian Tube DiseasesImmunoglobulin AConjunctivitis, Bacterial

Cases of chlamydiaPneumoniaeSyphilisBacteriaTrachomatis strainMycoplasmaObligate intracellularDifferent strainsChlamydophilaBacterialBacteriumDiagnosis of chlamydiaGonorrhea and chlamydiaIndividuals with chlamydiaCaused by susceptible strainsChlamydialSTIsInfectionPsittaci strainSpeciesVaccineAnalClinicalLymphogranulomaWhole genome sequencesPsittacosisGenomeOcularEnterococcusAzithromycinKoalasOrganismsAsymptomaticVitroSTDsNeisseriaGenomesUrethritisHealthcareBronchitisGeneticMicroorganismsPredominantlyPelvic

Cases of chlamydia6

• Public health departments report staggering increases in cases of chlamydia, gonorrhea and syphilis with more than 2 million cases recorded in 2016. (sott.net)
• It's like nobody cares about STDs anymore and yet there's all these public health departments in various states around the country, North Carolina, California, Nevada, it seems like everywhere all their health departments are reporting millions of new cases of chlamydia, gonorrhea and syphilis, especially in the last few years. (sott.net)
• Spread between oral, vaginal or anal sex, the chlamydia trachomatis bacteria can cause NGU in approximately 4 out of 10 cases of chlamydia. (onlineclinic.co.uk)
• Reported cases of chlamydia declined 13% from 2019. (medscape.com)
• The CDC attributed the decline in reported cases of chlamydia - which historically accounts for the largest proportion of STDs in the United States - to a drop in screening and underdiagnosis during the pandemic rather than a reduction in new infections. (medscape.com)
• These data show that nearly 2.3 million cases of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis were reported to CDC for 2017, exceeding the previous 2016 record by more than 200,000 cases. (cdc.gov)

Pneumoniae7

• OBJECTIVE--To study the clinical characteristics of respiratory tract illness caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae. (nih.gov)
• There was no serologic evidence of coexisting Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia trachomatis, or respiratory viral infection in 96% of patients with asthmatic bronchitis and asthma. (nih.gov)
• Chlamydophila pneumoniae , Chlamydophila psittaci , and Chlamydia trachomatis . (medscape.com)
• Respiratory specimens were analysed by RT-PCR for rhinovirus, enterovirus and respiratory syncytial virus and by PCR for adenovirus, Chlamydia pneumoniae , Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Bordetella pertussis . (bmj.com)
• Chlamydia pneumoniae PCR was positive in 11 healthy controls (36.6%), 11 mild asthmatics (20.8%), and 11 moderate asthmatics (22%), and PCR positive asthmatics had lower FEV 1 /FVC than negative cases (78.2% v 80.8%, p = 0.023). (bmj.com)
• Atypical bacteria, Chlamydia pneumoniae , and Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections may precede asthma onset or exacerbate asthma, 3 and these bacteria might be involved in chronic asthma. (bmj.com)
• Chlamydia pneumoniae and, in recent studies, Chlamydia trachomatis , may not only induce asthma exacerbations but may also be involved in the pathogenesis of chronic asthma. (medscape.com)

Syphilis5

• By 1990, penicillin-resistant strains of gonorrhea were present in all fifty states, and by 1992 syphilis was at a 40-year high. (probe.org)
• Reported cases of gonorrhea, syphilis, and congenital syphilis surpassed 2019 levels, while chlamydia declined. (medscape.com)
• According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) , two decades ago the rates of gonorrhea and syphilis had dropped significantly, and new diagnostic techniques made diagnosis of chlamydia easier. (wildirismedicaleducation.com)
• Moreover, individuals with chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis are more likely to contract human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and to transmit the virus to their sex partners. (wildirismedicaleducation.com)
• These alarming data show that from 2013 to 2017, increases in STDs continued, syphilis cases almost doubled, gonorrhea increased by 67%, and chlamydia rates remained at record highs. (cdc.gov)

Bacteria4

• Acquisition and synthesis of folates by obligate intracellular bacteria of the genus Chlamydia. (jci.org)
• They can treat strains of bacteria that are resistant to penicillin. (healthline.com)
• So far, the main strains to look out for are herpes, chlamydia, and a bacteria called spirochaete. (maxim.com)
• LGV is caused by serotypes L1, L2, and L3 of the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis . (msdmanuals.com)

Trachomatis strain3

• This study applied high-resolution MLST on samples of individuals from a selected young urban screening population to assess the relationship of C. trachomatis strain types with ethnicity and self-reported urogenital symptoms. (bmj.com)
• Then, we selected 48 genes that may encode uncharacterised effectors (e. g. no detectable amino acid identity to other proteins or with a particular putative biochemical activity) from the genome of C. trachomatis strain L2/434/Bu. (europa.eu)
• The final plasmid construct, pBVR2, was successfully transformed into C. trachomatis strain L2-434. (oregonstate.edu)

Mycoplasma1

• The most common cause of nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) is Chlamydia trachomatis (15-40% of cases), followed by Mycoplasma genitalium (15-20% of cases). (medscape.com)

Obligate intracellular2

• Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular human pathogen that exhibits stage-specific gene transcription throughout a biphasic developmental cycle. (plos.org)
• Chlamydia trachomatis are obligate intracellular bacterial pathogens that cause ocular and genital infections, which are a significant public health concern worldwide. (europa.eu)

Different strains4

• Next, the team plans to conduct further testing of different BD584 formulations to see how they fare against different strains of chlamydia. (medicalnewstoday.com)
• So I think a lot of the misconceptions, the understanding around it has changed, but it's also the "lesser known" chlamydia, gonorrhea, things like that, are changing now and there are different strains that are being discovered and that's I think what's interesting and might catch people off-guard. (sott.net)
• Using whole genome sequencing, the researchers show that the exchange of DNA between different strains of Chlamydia to form new strains is much more common than expected. (bmj.com)
• Current clinical tests only give a positive or negative result and can not identify different strains. (bmj.com)

Chlamydophila1

• Chlamydia pecorum, also known as Chlamydophila pecorum is a species of Chlamydiaceae that originated from ruminants, such as cattle, sheep and goats. (wikipedia.org)

Bacterial7

• Chlamydia trachomatis is the leading cause of both bacterial sexually transmitted infection and infection-derived blindness world-wide. (plos.org)
• For patient education information, see the Infections Center and the Sexual Health Center , as well as and Bacterial Pneumonia and Chlamydia . (medscape.com)
• CtGEM typing was developed to subdivide the bacterial species Chlamydia trachomatis on the basis of genome phylogeny and anatomical tropism. (edu.au)
• And the mechanisms of this vaccine might also prove useful for developing a chlamydia vaccine in humans, he added, since the bacterial culprits are related. (popsci.com)
• It is unclear whether it is most common due to the compatibility of the two infections, or down to the fact that chlamydia is the most common bacterial STI to contract, meaning the numbers are naturally higher. (onlineclinic.co.uk)
• For example, in 1976, chlamydia first appeared in increasing numbers in the U.S. Chlamydia, particularly dangerous to women, is now the most common bacterial STD in the country. (probe.org)
• Chlamydia psittaci infection among humans (psittacosis) and pet birds (avian chlamydiosis), also known as parrot disease, parrot fever, and ornithosis, is a zoonotic bacterial disease. (health.mil)

Bacterium6

• Researchers have made progress toward the first ever vaccine for chlamydia, after revealing how a novel antigen reduced symptoms triggered by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis - the most common cause of the disease. (medicalnewstoday.com)
• Inclusion conjunctivitis is a particularly long-lasting form of conjunctivitis caused by certain strains of the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis . (merckmanuals.com)
• Gonorrhea, caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae , is the second most commonly reported sexually transmitted infection (STI) in Canada, after chlamydia. (canada.ca)
• Avian chlamydiosis is a disease that occurs in birds, especially parrots, and is caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Chlamydia psittaci. (bvsalud.org)
• Trachoma is a blinding disease caused by particular strains of the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis . (who.int)
• Trachoma is caused by certain serotypes of Chlamydia trachomatis, a bacterium that infects the conjunctiva of the eye. (who.int)

Diagnosis of chlamydia1

• Objectives To determine the relative contribution of general practices (GPs) to the diagnosis of chlamydia and gonorrhoea in England and whether treatment complied with national guidelines. (bmj.com)

Gonorrhea and chlamydia3

• Because gonorrhea and chlamydia are reportable to the state health departments in the United States,[11] confirmatory diagnostic testing is recommended. (medscape.com)
• Gonorrhea and chlamydia can often be asymptomatic, detectable only through STI screening. (helsinkitimes.fi)
• Untreated gonorrhea and chlamydia can lead to infertility, a consequence that may not become apparent until years later. (helsinkitimes.fi)

Individuals with chlamydia1

• As a result, most individuals with chlamydia are unaware they have it, so the infection often goes untreated. (medicalnewstoday.com)

Caused by susceptible strains1

• MEFOXIN is indicated for the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms in the diseases listed below. (rxlist.com)

Chlamydial3

• On infecting the mice with Chlamydia muridarum - a species of C. trachomatis - they found the antigen reduced chlamydial shedding by 95 percent . (medicalnewstoday.com)
• Thus, the plasmid can be successfully transformed into chlamydia without a chlamydial origin of replication and can exist in multiple states within a transformed population. (oregonstate.edu)
• another type of conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis , is not due to a genital chlamydial infection. (merckmanuals.com)

STIs2

• If you have chlamydia, youll be encouraged to be tested for other STIs as you can have more than one STI at the same time. (chlamydiaexplained.com)
• 5 Untreated gonorrhoea For estimates of all three STIs, uncertainty bounds were and chlamydia can cause pelvic inflammatory disease, calculated by bootstrapping (10 000 replications). (who.int)

Infection8

• Vaccination would be the best way to way to prevent a chlamydia infection, and this study has identified important new antigens which could be used as part of a vaccine to prevent or eliminate the damaging reproductive consequences of untreated infections. (medicalnewstoday.com)
• What is more, they suggest BD584 has the potential to protect against all strains of C. trachomatis , including those that cause trachoma - a type of eye infection. (medicalnewstoday.com)
• Chlamydia is one of the most significant threats to koalas, and so treatment after infection is simply not enough, said Australia Zoo Wildlife Hospital veterinarian and research coordinator Amber Gillett in a statement . (popsci.com)
• Although many koalas with chlamydia can be treated using traditional antibiotics, some animals cannot be saved due to the severity of their infection. (popsci.com)
• David Mabey became interested in trachoma, caused by ocular infection with Chlamydia trachomatis , and in genital C. trachomatis infection, while working in the Gambia. (lshtm.ac.uk)
• Gonorrhea is the second most commonly reported sexually transmitted infection (STI) in Canada after chlamydia, and rates for this STI have been increasing since 1997. (canada.ca)
• Chlamydiae initiate infection by attaching to the outer membrane of susceptible host cells. (medscape.com)
• Infection with L 1 , L 2 , or L 3 serovars of Chlamydia trachomatis may result in a disease characterized by genital lesions, suppurative regional lymphadenopathy, or hemorrhagic proctitis. (cdc.gov)

Psittaci strain1

• In contrast to C. trachomatis, neither C. psittaci strain was affected by trimethoprim. (jci.org)

Species4

• Chlamydia (C.) psittaci , the causative agent of avian chlamydiosis and human psittacosis, is a genetically heterogeneous species. (biomedcentral.com)
• Plasmid transformation requires a replicon derived from the native Chlamydia plasmid, and these transformations are species-specific. (oregonstate.edu)
• Enterococcus faecalis [formerly Streptococcus faecalis]), Staphylococcus aureus (including penicillinaseproducing strains), Escherichia coli, Klebsiella species, Haemophilus influenzae , and Bacteroides species . (rxlist.com)
• Chlamydia Three species of Chlamydia cause human disease, including sexually transmitted infections and respiratory infections. (msdmanuals.com)

Vaccine11

• The disruption of this pathway could generate a strain incapable of surviving a typical human immune response and would represent an attractive candidate as an attenuated growth vaccine. (plos.org)
• Based on their results, Bulir and colleagues suggest BD584 is a promising candidate for a chlamydia vaccine. (medicalnewstoday.com)
• If the BD584 antigen proves successful as a chlamydia vaccine, the researchers say it would be administered through the nose. (medicalnewstoday.com)
• About 400 koalas are currently undergoing a clinical trial for a chlamydia vaccine in Queensland, Australia. (popsci.com)
• The researchers will also microchip the vaccine recipients and observe how they fare over the next year, and whether their vaccinations help lessen chlamydia transmissions in their areas. (popsci.com)
• I think this trial will be closely watched by the human chlamydia vaccine world," he said. (popsci.com)
• in which researchers found that European infectious bronchitis vaccine does not protect against U.S. strains. (zootecnicainternational.com)
• Inclusion of the European 4/91 vaccine also failed to provide significant protection against current variant strains of infectious bronchitis. (zootecnicainternational.com)
• Outbreaks of infectious bronchitis (IB) may be the consequence of improper vaccine application and associated vaccine back-passage or may be due to novel, non-vaccine related strains, often referred to as variants. (zootecnicainternational.com)
• A limited number of vaccine strains are available to control IB. (zootecnicainternational.com)
• Since live IBV vaccines are known to interfere with live Newcastle disease virus vaccine replication and resultant immunity, it is likely that interference can also occur between IBV vaccine strains. (zootecnicainternational.com)

Anal2

• Chlamydia is usually transmitted through having vaginal, anal, or oral sex with an infected person. (medicalnewstoday.com)
• The only certain means to avoid chlamydia is to not have vaginal, anal, or oral sex. (chlamydiaexplained.com)

Clinical4

• NATtrol™ Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) Positive Control contains intact organisms and should be run in a manner identical to that used for clinical specimens. (gentaur.shop)
• Each NATtrol™ CT Positive Control Pack contains 6 x 1.25 mL vials of NATtrolTM Chlamydia trachomatis formulated in a Purified Protein Matrix that is fully commutable with true clinical specimens. (gentaur.shop)
• The CT Positive Controls contain Chlamydia trachomatis cells inactivated by ZeptoMetrix's patented NATtrol™ process formulated in a proprietary Purified Protein Matrix that mimics the composition of a true clinical specimen. (gentaur.shop)
• In clinical practice those found to be chlamydia positive after treatment were assumed to have been re-infected but this may not be the case. (bmj.com)

Lymphogranuloma1

• Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is a disease caused by 3 unique strains of Chlamydia trachomatis and characterized by a small, often asymptomatic skin lesion, followed by regional lymphadenopathy in the groin or pelvis. (msdmanuals.com)

Whole genome sequences1

• To assess whether there are genetic markers associated with host tropism we comparatively analyzed whole-genome sequences of 61 C. psittaci strains, 47 of which carrying a 7.6-kbp plasmid. (biomedcentral.com)

Psittacosis1

• Chlamydia (C.) psittaci is known as the etiological agent of avian chlamydiosis and human psittacosis [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Genome1

• Determination of the DNA genome sequence of this strain has been or is being determined either in whole or in part. (nih.gov)

Ocular1

• The rationale was facilitation of surveillance for ocular strains, although the method is applicable to essentially any C. trachomatis surveillance application that does not require high resolution. (edu.au)

Enterococcus1

• including strains producing and not producing penicillinase, methicillin-resistant strains), some strains of Enterococcus spp. (jcenonline.com)

Azithromycin1

• The recent emergence of strains resistant to azithromycin and with decreased susceptibility to cephalosporins are threatening the last available treatment options Footnote 9 . (canada.ca)

Koalas4

• Did koalas catch killer Chlamydia from sheep? (wikipedia.org)
• Chlamydia is one of the most significant threats to koalas. (popsci.com)
• The chlamydia epidemic in koalas has been ravaging populations since the 1990s, especially along the east and southeast Australian coasts. (popsci.com)
• Chlamydia manifests in koalas similarly to humans. (popsci.com)

Organisms1

• Chlamydiaceae and Chlamydia-like organisms in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus)--organ distribution and histopathological findings" (PDF). (wikipedia.org)

Asymptomatic1

• Like other chlamydiae, C. psittaci can also cause asymptomatic infections. (biomedcentral.com)

Vitro1

• NATtrol™ Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) Positive Control is an unassayed in vitro diagnostic external run control intended to be used with qualitative molecular assays for detection of nucleic acids from this organism. (gentaur.shop)

STDs1

• It is evident the systems that identify, treat, and ultimately prevent STDs are strained to near-breaking point. (cdc.gov)

Neisseria1

• Nishijima et al and transmission of antimicrobial resistance in strains data sets identified through literature review and of- of Neisseria gonorrhoeae , with documented transmis- ficial data reported by governments, all of which were sion of multidrug-resistant strains within the Region, ful y anonymized ( Supplementary information file ). (who.int)

Genomes1

• In the course of evolution, the genomes of all Chlamydia spp. (biomedcentral.com)

Urethritis3

• We do know that gonorrhoea is never involved, as this is caused by another strain of urethritis called gonococcal urethritis. (onlineclinic.co.uk)
• Chlamydia is the most frequent cause of non-specific urethritis. (onlineclinic.co.uk)
• Chlamydia and Mycoplasmal Mucosal Infections Sexually transmitted urethritis, cervicitis, proctitis, and pharyngitis (that are not due to gonorrhea) are caused predominantly by chlamydiae and less frequently by mycoplasmas. (msdmanuals.com)

Healthcare1

• Steven Morse, PhD, an infectious disease expert at Columbia University Medical Center, New York City, said, "The SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic strained our public health and healthcare systems to their limit. (medscape.com)

Bronchitis3

• Home Poultry Facts Health Use of multiple strains of infectious bronchitis vaccines to induce protection against. (zootecnicainternational.com)
• Dr. Jack Gelb and colleagues recently completed a research project in which they examined the use of multiple strains of infectious bronchitis vaccines to induce protection against new infectious bronchitis variants. (zootecnicainternational.com)
• Modified live vaccines are commercially available to help control the disease, which is caused by the numerous strains of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). (zootecnicainternational.com)

Genetic1

• Recent advances in genetic manipulation of Chlamydia were employed to inactivate rsbV1 , as well as to increase the expression levels of rsbW or rsbV1 , in vivo . (plos.org)

Microorganisms1

• Because many strains of the following gram-positive microorganisms have been shown to be resistant to tetracyclines, culture and susceptibility testing are especially recommended. (nih.gov)

Predominantly1

• A steady rise in chlamydia infections has been noted for years, predominantly affecting young adults. (helsinkitimes.fi)

Pelvic1

• As of 1993, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which is almost always caused by gonorrhea or chlamydia, was affecting 1 million new women each year. (probe.org)