Strain viruses whose genome diarrhea viruses bovine viral. Medical search. Frequent questions

However, heterologous infection of mice with the rhesus group A rotavirus strain MMU 18006 was associated with extramucosal spread and hepatitis, but infections with bovine group A rotavirus WC3 and the homologous murine group A rotavirus EDIM were not ( 5 ), suggesting that some group A rotavirus strains may have unique or unexpected biological properties. (cdc.gov)
Moreover, all the pigs survived the challenge with the parental strain when pigs were immunized twice with 105 TCID50 of Arm07ΔMGF, although viremia and fever were not completely prevented after the challenge infection. (bvsalud.org)
Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 and 2 (BVDV 1 and 2) (the genus Pestivirus, the family Flaviviridae) is distributed worldwide and causes severe economical losses due to the decreased fertility, abortions, diarrhea, respiratory symptoms, and persistent infection in intrauterinary infected calves. (uvlf.sk)
There is no evidence presented to substantiate contamination of human virus vaccines with infectious BVDV, but they urge people to beware of the risk of infection because iatrogenic infections have been reported for veterinary virus vaccines contaminated with infectious BVDV. (whale.to)
Infection by different strains of BVDV can have different clinical symptoms. (zoologix.com)
Infection is normally faeco-oral, and the virus primarily replicates in the small intestinal villi, resulting in desquamation and malabsorptive diarrhoea. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Bovine Viral Diarrhea and Mucosal Disease Complex Bovine viral diarrhea/mucosal disease is a pestivirus infection of cattle and other ruminants. (merckvetmanual.com)
The virulence of the strain and the age of the calf are important parameters in the pathogenesis of a rotaviral infection. (news-medical.net)
Over 2 million adults in the United States have hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and new infections have continued to rise. (cdc.gov)
In the US, the most common types of viral hepatitis are hepatitis A, B, and C. While each can produce similar symptoms, each hepatitis virus affects the liver differently, has different routes of transmission and infection, and typically affects different populations. (cdc.gov)
An animal may get infected by bovine viral diarrhoea virus after birth or through fetal congenital infection before birth (usually in the first 100 days of the gestation period. (cowcaretaker.com)
Bovine viral diarrhoea is also called bovine pestivirus infection. (cowcaretaker.com)
Cattle herds struggling with BVD shed lesser virus for a short time if they have antibodies when acute infection occurs. (cowcaretaker.com)
BRDC or bovine respiratory disease complex is a respiratory system infection common in young weaning cattle that is caused by several factors such as bacterial and viral respiratory pathogens. (cowcaretaker.com)
Objective -To compare experimentally induced concurrent infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and bovine rotavirus (BRV) with infection of either virus alone in calves. (avma.org)
Concurrent BVDV and BRV infections acted synergistically in the intestinal tract, causing more severe enteric disease than infection with either virus alone. (avma.org)
the finding of extra rna fragments with respect to the regular 11 genome segments suggests the possibility of simultaneous or sequential infection by more than one electropherotype in a single diarrhea event or occurrence of modification in the length of the rna segments during an infection. (liverpool.ac.uk)
virus-specific immunity in neonatal and adult mouse rotavirus infection. (liverpool.ac.uk)
mouse rotavirus (epizootic diarrhea of infant mice) was used as a model to study the role of virus-specific immunity in infection and diarrheal disease. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Hitherto reports confirm infection of humans through rotaviruses of animal origin, exclusively via direct transmission or through gene reassortments between animal and human strain of rotaviruses. (benthamopen.com)
SBV genome was detected in all vaccinated animals and 3 out of 4 controls in serum samples taken after challenge infection. (biomedcentral.com)
ZIKV infection diagnosis relies on serology-which is challenging due to cross-reactions with other flaviviruses and/or absence or low titer of IgM and IgG antibodies at early phase of infection- virus isolation, which is labor intensive, time consuming and requires appropriate containment. (biomedcentral.com)
The non-specific clinical presentation can be confused with most other arboviruses particularly dengue and chikungunya virus infection. (biomedcentral.com)
However, pigs inoculated with SwH1N1 virus and subsequently infected with pH1N1 had very mild lung lesions, apparently attributed to the remaining lesions caused by SwH1N1 infection. (vetres.org)
Caused by viral infection from external parasites, it infects the intestinal epithelium and spreads to lymphoid organs. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
Predominance of BoCD8-positive T lymphocytes in vascular lesions in a 1-year-old cow with concurrent malignant catarrhal fever and bovine viral diarrhea virus infection. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Pestivirus NS3 polyprotein peptidase (EC 3.4.21.113, border disease virus NS3 endopeptidase, BDV NS3 endopeptidase, bovine viral diarrhea virus NS3 endopeptidase, BVDV NS3 endopeptidase, classical swine fever virus NS3 endopeptidase, CSFV NS3 endopeptidase, p80) is an enzyme. (wikipedia.org)
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a pathogen of commercial consequence in cattle. (bvsalud.org)
In this study, we generated red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) VLPs presenting the BVDV E2 protein (domain I to IIIb) of the Nose (BVDV-1) or KZ-91-CP (BVDV-2) strain by exploiting SpyTag/SpyCatcher technology. (bvsalud.org)
In addition, this prime-boost regimen induced strong (1:800 to 1:3,200) and weak (~1:10) neutralization titers against homologous and heterologous BVDV strains, respectively. (bvsalud.org)
This virus (BVDV, Ho916) is preserved under viral storage medium at -80C. (european-virus-archive.com)
This Bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1[BVDv non cytopathic-W5 ncp] is preserved under Viral Storage Medium -80C.Tests for the presence of mycoplasmae were not performed. (european-virus-archive.com)
This Bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1[BVDv cytopathic-W5 cp] is preserved under Viral Storage Medium -80C.Tests for the presence of mycoplasmae were not performed. (european-virus-archive.com)
The aim of this study was to compare the susceptibility of different cell lines derived from various tissues to non-cp and cp strains of BVDV. (uvlf.sk)
We examined five cell lines: Bovine embryonic lungs (BEL), bovine turbinated (BT), Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK), calf oesopharyngeal (KOP-R), and sheep fetal thymus (SFT-R), which were inoculated with two cp BVDV strains (NADL and Oregon C24V) and two non-cp BVDV strains (PT810 and CS8644). (uvlf.sk)
According to titer of virus, the KOP-R cell line was the most susceptible for the isolation of cp BVDV strains and SFT-R and BEL cell lines for non-cp BVDV strains. (uvlf.sk)
Any of the cell cultures tested was universal for all BVDV strains. (uvlf.sk)
Paradoxically, the lowest harvest of all BVDV strains tested was found in the cell line MDBK, which is one of the most frequently used cell line for the isolation of BVDV. (uvlf.sk)
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is one of the RNA viruses, which causes a severe disease in cattle. (whale.to)
Since BVDV is able to cross the bovine placenta easily, the fetal bovine tissues and serums also become infected with the virus. (whale.to)
Therefore, it is quite possible for an adventitious BVDV to be present in live virus prepared in cell cultures supplemented with fetal bovine serums. (whale.to)
Detection of BVDV contamination in virus vaccines has been hampered because most of the BVDV strains are noncytopathic in cell cultures. (whale.to)
BVDV RNA was demonstrated in human live virus vaccines produced in Japan, Italy and Switzerland. (whale.to)
BVDV in fetal bovine serum that is used to grow the substrate cells used for the preparation of the virus vaccines is a likely source of the contamination. (whale.to)
The present data so not necessarily indicate that the virus vaccines examined were contaminated with infectious BVDV, but any adventitious viral agents in a vaccine is undesirable. (whale.to)
Since noncytopathic strains of BVDV are capable of incorporating the host cellular RNA into their genomes, BVDV contamination would raise another issue with regard to the safety of virus vaccines produced in continuous cell lines which are potentially oncogenic. (whale.to)
In conclusion, the fetal bovine serums should be standardized for the production of vaccines, and be examined for the presence of noncytopathic strains of BVDV. (whale.to)
Dr. Ryo Harasawa of the University of Tokyo (Japan), Dr. Massimo Giangaspero of the University of Milan (Italy), and their colleagues in Germany, Belgium and Italy examined for the presence of BVDV in virus vaccines produced in Europe, US, and Japan, by using reverse transcription-PCR. (whale.to)
They also recommend that the virus vaccines be screened for the presence of adventitious BVDV by sensitive PCR in advance and PCR-positive vaccines be further examined for the presence of infectious BVDV by culture methods. (whale.to)
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus classified as a pestivirus belonging to the Flaviviridae family. (zoologix.com)
Three BVDV strains have been identified, designated as genotype 1, 2 and 3 on the basis of antigenic variation and differences in sequences in the 5' UTR of the viral genome. (zoologix.com)
Multivariate analysis reveals that BVDV field isolates do not show a close VN-based antigenic relationship to US vaccine strains. (usda.gov)
Bovine viral diarrhea or BVD is a common cattle disease caused by the notorious bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). (cowcaretaker.com)
Mucosal disease occurs when persistently infected cattle (PI cattle) suffering from BVDV-1 acquire a more severe BVDV strain. (cowcaretaker.com)
Objective -To determine the comparative virulence of 5 isolates of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) type II by inoculating 6- to 9-month-old beef calves with isolates originating from the tissues of cattle affected with naturally occurring, transient, acute, nonfatal infections or naturally occurring, peracute, fatal infections. (avma.org)
Results -Calves inoculated with BVDV 23025 or 17583 developed more severe clinical signs of disease (fever and diarrhea), more severe lymphopenia, and more severe lesions (alimentary epithelial necrosis, lymphoid depletion, and BVDV antigen deposition in lymphatic tissues), compared with calves inoculated with BVDV 713, 5521, or 17011. (avma.org)
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance -Results of our study indicate that BAV-7 infections can be found in postweaning commingled calves and may develop more commonly in calves with concurrent infections with viruses such as bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). (avma.org)
Objective -To evaluate economic effects and health and performance of the general cattle population after exposure to cattle persistently infected (PI) with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in a feedlot. (avma.org)

An early study documented that complexity of the coronavirus murine hepatitis virus quasispecies influenced the pathogenic potential of this virus for mice [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Canine enteric coronavirus (CECoV) is an RNA virus belonging to the coronavirus family. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Betacoronaviruses contain a diverse range of viruses, including the recently-emerged Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-CoV2 (the causeof COVID-19), as well as the original SARS-CoV that emerged in 2002, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus from 2012 (MERS-CoV). (liverpool.ac.uk)
Other important members of the betacoronavirus group include mouse hepatitus virus (MHV) which is used in many experimental models of coronavirus biology, as well as human coronavirus (HCoV) OC43, bovine coronavirus (BCoV) and equine coronavirus (ECV), which are associated with respiratory (HCoV) or enteric (BCoV, ECV) infections in their target species. (liverpool.ac.uk)
BACKGROUND: Bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is a primary cause of neonatal calf diarrhea worldwide, and is also associated with acute diarrhea in adult cattle during the winter season, resulting heavy economic losses to both dairy and beef industry throughout the world. (ac.ir)
The coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) infects mice and serves as an ideal model of viral pathogenesis, mainly because experiments can be conducted using animal-biosafety level-2 (A-BSL2) containment. (hindawi.com)
A high abundance of bovine nidovirus, influenza D, bovine rhinitis A and bovine coronavirus was found in the samples. (biomedcentral.com)

Coronaviruses (CoVs) that cause severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), such as SARS-CoV/SARS-CoV-2, and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), such as MERS-CoV, are members of a large family of enveloped, single-stranded, positive-strand RNA viruses. (hindawi.com)
Pestivirus is a genus of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genomes in the family Flaviviridae, which also includes Border Disease Virus (BDV) and Classical Swine Fever Virus (CSFV). (cowcaretaker.com)
The genome consists of single-stranded RNA of 7.3-7.7 kilobases. (medscape.com)
Like all flaviviruses, ZIKV is a single-stranded RNA virus with a positive-polarity RNA genome of approximately 11 kb. (biomedcentral.com)
Influenza viruses belong to the Orthomyxoviridae family and are characterized by a segmented viral genome consisting of eight single stranded RNA fragments of negative polarity encoding 10 proteins [ 27 ]. (vetres.org)

Immortalized porcine kidney macrophage (IPKM) cells are highly susceptible to major African swine fever virus (ASFV) isolates. (bvsalud.org)
Host plants pre-infected with a mild isolate of a virus frequently become protected against secondary infections (superinfections) by more severe isolates of the same virus, or closely related viruses, but remain susceptible to more distantly related viruses. (frontiersin.org)
While a unified mechanistic understanding of cross protection remains elusive, it is important to note that similar superinfection exclusion (SIE) effect can be induced by symptomatic - in place of mild - virus isolates as well, as long as the primary and superinfecting viruses are genetically closely related. (frontiersin.org)

Genome sequencing revealed a heterologous rotavirus of avian origin, which could provide a model for investigating rotavirus neurovirulence. (cdc.gov)
We detected a group A rotavirus strain in the brain of a fox with neurologic disorders. (cdc.gov)
Based on the antigenic sites located on the VP6 protein of the inner capsid, rotavirus strains are classified into five main (A, B, C, D, E) and two additional tentative (F, G) serotype groups, which are also known as serogroups. (news-medical.net)
The rotavirus strains classified into serogroups A, B, and C are pathogenic for humans and various animal species. (news-medical.net)
In 1969, bovine rotavirus was the first group A rotavirus isolated in cell culture and confirmed as a cause of diarrhea in calves. (news-medical.net)
Canine rotaviruses appear to group together with the G3P[3] rotavirus strains. (news-medical.net)
Phylogenetic analyses of the rotavirus genome expose repeated intersections between the evolution of human and animal rotavirus strains, possibly as a consequence of multiple events of transmission between various animal species. (news-medical.net)
the distribution of viral antigen in intestinal tissues was determined by immunofluorescent staining with anti-simian rotavirus (sa-11) serum. (liverpool.ac.uk)
rotavirus antibody determination by the neutralization test and electron microscopic detection of viruses in children with acute gastroenteritis]. (liverpool.ac.uk)
monoclonal antibodies were derived against the sa11 simian, nic bovine, and wa human rotavirus strains and characterized by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, plaque neutralization, and hemagglutination inhibition. (liverpool.ac.uk)
dose effect on experimental reproduction of rotavirus diarrhoea in colostrum-deprived newborn calves. (liverpool.ac.uk)
genome double-stranded rnas isolated from purified human reovirus (serotype 3) and rotavirus (wa strain) were modified at the 3' termini by addition of oligo(c) approximately 15 with t4 rna ligase. (liverpool.ac.uk)
The prominent gastroenteric virus is rotavirus, which is a double-stranded RNA virus with a segmented nature of genome enabling higher reassortment events and generates unusual strains with unique genomic constellations derivative of parental rotavirus strains. (benthamopen.com)
There is a need to understand the ecology and evolutionary biology of emerging rotavirus strains to design effective control programs. (benthamopen.com)
Several viral infections in humans have been tracked to have animal-origin and conversely, reverse-zoonosis is also not unusual [ 1 Choudhary P, Minakshi P, Ranjan K, Basanti B. Zooanthroponotic transmission of rotavirus in Haryana State of Northern India. (benthamopen.com)
Molecular characterization of unusual bovine rotavirus A strains having high genetic relatedness with human rotavirus: Evidence for zooanthroponotic transmission. (benthamopen.com)
BACKGROUND Although first detected in animals, the rare rotavirus strain G10P[14] has been sporadically detected in humans in Slovenia, Thailand, United Kingdom and Australia among other countries. (scielo.br)
Earlier studies suggest that the strains found in humans resulted from interspecies transmission and reassortment between human and bovine rotavirus strains. (scielo.br)
OBJECTIVES In this study, a G10P[14] rotavirus genotype detected in a human stool sample in Honduras during the 2010-2011 rotavirus season, from an unvaccinated 30-month old boy who reported at the hospital with severe diarrhea and vomiting, was characterised to determine the possible evolutionary origin of the rare strain. (scielo.br)

Objective】 Through genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of GD2107 strain of multi-drug resistant Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP),the genome database information of APP was enriched,the phylogenetic tree based on Apx Ⅳ gene was constructed,and the evolutionary relationship of the strain was analyzed,so as to provide reference for exploring the pathogenic mechanism of APP and clinical prevention and control of porcine infectious porcine contagious pleuropneumia (PCP). (chvm.net)
Conclusion】 In this study, we completed the whole genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of the multi-drug resistant strain GD2107, fully understood the structure and function of the genome of the strain, and explored the related genes in drug resistance and pathogenic mechanism. (chvm.net)
The evolutionary relationship showed that the strain had a certain regional epidemic, which provided a reference for preventing the epidemic of PCP and exploring the pathogenic mechanism of APP. (chvm.net)
The nocturnal bats have been accepted harbouring many pathogenic viruses and serving as natural reservoirs. (benthamopen.com)
In this study, these difficulties were overcome by cloning the entire AlHV-1 genome as a stable, infectious and pathogenic bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC). (microbiologyresearch.org)
The application of molecular techniques in food is large, several authors comment on the detection and quantification of strains of pathogenic microorganisms present in foods and the presence of toxins and waste allergens not related to specific goods in production lines. (peertechzpublications.com)

Gammacoronaviruses mainly consist of avian respiratory viruses, the most notable of which is infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a disease seen mainly in poultry production. (liverpool.ac.uk)
The most virulent and commonly isolated strains belong to serogroup A and are known to cause acute infectious diarrhea in children, as well as various domestic mammalian and avian species. (news-medical.net)
Serogroup D, F, and G strains have been isolated only from avian species. (news-medical.net)
Avian rotaviruses represent a diverse group of intestinal viruses, which may induce subclinical manifestations. (news-medical.net)
However, these avian rotaviruses can also cause several diseases in poultry with symptoms of diarrhea, growth retardation, or runting and stunting syndromes. (news-medical.net)
Furthermore, there has been strong evidence on the zoonotic transfer of avian strains. (news-medical.net)
The recent pandemic caused by human influenza virus A(H1N1) 2009 contains ancestral gene segments from North American and Eurasian swine lineages as well as from avian and human influenza lineages. (vetres.org)
In April 2009, a new A(H1N1) influenza virus was identified containing a distinct combination of gene segments from both North American and Eurasian swine influenza lineages as well as from avian and human lineages [ 8 , 21 ], which rapidly reached pandemic proportions. (vetres.org)
Influenza viruses circulating in swine are closely related to the human H1N1 and H3N2 strains and reports of sporadic cross-species transfer of swine and avian influenza viruses to humans have been documented repeatedly during recent decades [ 18 ]. (vetres.org)
Biomarker expression patterns in Bovine, Canine, Porcine and Avian. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)

To determine the derivation of the virus, we further examined its genomic and biological features. (cdc.gov)
Most phylogenetic relationships among RNA viruses have been established using the consensus (or population) genomic sequences that represent a weighted average of multiple, closely related sequences present at each time point, in each virus sample obtained for analysis [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Having the largest genome of postitive-stranded RNA virus (approximately 30,000 base pairs(, permits a high degree of genomic adaptability, allowing these viruses to tolerate changes in their genome whilst maintaining function. (liverpool.ac.uk)
The genome of this pathogen, consisting of 11 segments of double-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA), is characterized by genetic variability including point mutations, genomic reassortment, and genome rearrangements that lead to its considerable diversity. (news-medical.net)
Applications of modern biotechniques in deciphering the genomic data at a higher pace have added voluminous information on virus biology, although there is quiet perceptive paucity on knowing the connotation of virus evolutions. (benthamopen.com)
Both termini of the genomic contain sequences that do not encode viral proteins, known as the 5′ and the 3′ untranslated region. (biomedcentral.com)

Phylogenetic and PAQ analysis provide adequate procedures to describe the evolution of viral sequences subjected to lethal mutagenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Summary: Comparative genomics remains a pivotal strategy to study the evolution of gene organization, and this primacy is reinforced by the growing number of full genome sequences available in public repositories. (omictools.com)
Additionally, we obtained the complete or near-complete genome of bovine rhinitis B, enterovirus E1, bovine viral diarrhea virus (sub-genotypes 1a and 1c) and bovine respiratory syncytial virus, and partial sequences of other viruses. (biomedcentral.com)

Most of these viruses refer to segments isolated from cattle or pigs, which have been detected primarily in developing countries with a close cohabitation of humans and animals. (news-medical.net)
From bovine viral diarrhea and mucosal disease to bloat, here are five common diseases in cattle that you must watch for in your new herd to ensure optimal animal health and eliminate production losses. (cowcaretaker.com)
Cattle that have been fed material that includes nervous tissue are at increased risk of having bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). (scienceopen.com)
Similarly, the housing of camels indoors with cattle increases the risk that the camels will acquire bovine tuberculosis. (scienceopen.com)
Serological and molecular study of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in cattle from selected districts in Uganda [Article]. (sva.se)
Mapping geographical areas at risk for tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) by analysing bulk tank milk from Swedish dairy cattle herds for the presence of TBE virus-specific antibodies [Article]. (sva.se)
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is one of the most common diseases in intensively managed cattle, often resulting in high morbidity and mortality. (biomedcentral.com)
This study highlights the use of untargeted sequencing approaches to study the unrecognised range of microorganisms present in healthy or diseased animals and the need to study previously uncultured viral species that may have an important role in cattle respiratory disease. (biomedcentral.com)
While the severity of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) varies, it can account for up to 70% of the mortality observed in intensive beef production systems (i.e., feedlot cattle) [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

The results indicated the greater sensitivity of the newly developed assay and its ability to detect anti-ASFV antibodies earlier after virus inoculation. (bvsalud.org)
In the 1970s and 1980s, typing of Norwalk-like virus (NLV) relied solely on immunologic methods involving human clinical samples as the source of antigens and antibodies. (medscape.com)
Diagnostic tests for CSFV detection include RT-qPCR, virus isolation, immunofluorescence assay, and detection of antibodies by serologic tests such as ELISA and virus neutralization. (merckvetmanual.com)
These tests are crucial in pregnant animals since doing an antibody test in new calves proves futile because of shielding (maternal antibodies ingested by the calf through colostrum will bind the virus and prevent its detection using antibody-based tests. (cowcaretaker.com)
several strain sa11-specific antibodies were found to have neutralizing and hemagglutination-inhibiting capacity. (liverpool.ac.uk)
A novel cELISA was established and optimized based on the strategy that 6B211 can compete with C-strain induced neutralizing antibodies in pig serum to bind capture antigen C-strain E2. (biomedcentral.com)
Tests included viral isolation in cell culture from peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) and detection of serum BAV-7 antibodies by use of microtitration viral neutralization. (avma.org)
Prevalence of peste des petits ruminants virus antibodies in sheep and goats sera from. (aosis.co.za)

MicroRNA profiles for different tissues from calves challenged with Mycoplasma bovis or challenged with Mycoplasma bovis and bovine viral diarrhea virus. (usda.gov)
Replacement of villous enterocytes is slow in newborn calves, which means that newborn calves are susceptible to disease caused by strains that are only moderately virulent. (news-medical.net)
Objective -To detect bovine adenovirus serotype 7 (BAV-7) infections in calves by use of viral isolation and serologic testing. (avma.org)
Concurrent bovine viral diarrhea virus infections were detected in most calves from which BAV-7 was isolated. (avma.org)

On the other hand, molecular detection of the virus by PCR is a rapid, specific, sensitive and cost effective method for identifying viremic individuals (Weinstock, et al. (zoologix.com)
therefore, the detection of the virus in the feces does not entail a definite diagnosis. (news-medical.net)
epidemic acute gastroenteritis in newborn infants with the immunoelectronoptic detection of virus]. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Several independently conducted studies show that HiDi® DNA polymerase is ideally suited for use in asPCR in numerous research areas ranging from mutation detection to genome editing. (mypols.de)
This novel cELISA is a rapid, simple, safe and cost effective approach for detection of C-strain CSF vaccine-induced immune response. (biomedcentral.com)
RT-qPCR assay for detection of mink astrovirus in outbreaks of diarrhea on Danish mink farms [Article]. (sva.se)
Importantly, not only did these studies identify previously unrecognised viral species, but they also consistently observed an abundance of viruses not part of the regular veterinary diagnostic laboratory detection range, including influenza D virus (IDV), bovine rhinitis viruses A and B (BRAV and BRBV), parvoviruses and bovine herpesviruses other than bovine alphaherpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1). (biomedcentral.com)

The optimized assay could detect 20 viral copies of pBluescript SK+ plasmid containing inserted PCV2 DNA. (uvlf.sk)
The dynamic range of quantitative analysis covered a 7-order interval ranging from 20 to 2.108 genome equivalents per assay with the best result in the range from 2.102 to 2.107 viral copies. (uvlf.sk)
A comparison of LUX real time PCR with TaqMan PCR and SYBR Green PCR indicated that the amount of viral copies determined using linear calibration curve differed from assay to assay but not more than an order. (uvlf.sk)
In this study, we presented a neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) based competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) with the emphasis on the replacement of VNT for C-strain post-vaccination monitoring. (biomedcentral.com)
It is a reliable tool for sero-monitoring of C-strain vaccination campaign because it is a rapid, simple, safe and cost effective assay that can be used to monitor vaccination-induced immune response at the population level. (biomedcentral.com)
Procedures -PI status was determined by use of an antigen-capture ELISA (ACE) and confirmed by use of a second ACE, reverse transcriptase-PCR assay of sera, immunohistochemical analysis, and virus isolation from sera. (avma.org)
The analytical sensitivity of the assay was evaluated to be 32 genome-equivalents and 0.05 plaque forming unit (pfu). (biomedcentral.com)

The molecular events and evolutionary forces underlying lethal mutagenesis of virus (or virus extinction through an excess of mutations) are not well understood. (biomedcentral.com)
Although primarily based on observations made with TCV, this new model could be broadly applicable to other viruses as it provides a molecular basis for maintaining virus genome fidelity in the face of the error-prone nature of virus replication process. (frontiersin.org)
At the molecular level, the genomes of superinfecting viruses are all but undetectable in most of the cross-protected plants, suggesting a failure of cellular entry or multiplication by the superinfectors (e.g. (frontiersin.org)
In the 1990s, however, newer molecular techniques to amplify, sequence, and express the genome of NLV strains allowed researchers to genetically and antigenically characterize NLV strains. (medscape.com)
molecular cloning of double-stranded rna virus genomes. (liverpool.ac.uk)

Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is a high consequence pathogen. (merckvetmanual.com)
To improve our understanding of this important human pathogen, the C. jejuni NCTC11168 genome was sequenced and published in 2000. (omictools.com)
Schmallenberg virus (SBV), an arthropod borne pathogen, spread rapidly throughout the majority of Europe since 2011. (biomedcentral.com)
Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito borne flavivirus is a pathogen affecting humans in Asia and Africa. (biomedcentral.com)
Development and evaluation of a core genome multilocus sequence typing scheme for Paenibacillus larvae, the deadly American foulbrood pathogen of honeybees [Article]. (sva.se)

For adenovirus-positive aerosol samples, 500 μL of sample was inoculated into adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial (A549) cells (ATCCR CCL 185™) with Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) 2% (v/v) Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS), and incubated at 37°C. After 72 hours, inoculated shell vials were observed for cytopathic effect (CPE) daily for ten days. (datexis.com)

Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the evolutionary relationship between this strain and APP strain from China (CP063424.1) was the closest. (chvm.net)
Here we apply for the first time phylogenetic methods and Partition Analysis of Quasispecies (PAQ) to monitor genetic distances and intra-population structures of mutant spectra of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) quasispecies subjected to mutagenesis by base and nucleoside analogues. (biomedcentral.com)
An estimate of the complexity and internal relationships among genomes within a mutant spectrum can be obtained through application of distance-based phylogenetic methods, such as neighbour-joining (NJ) [ 15 ] or maximum likelihood [ 16 ] procedures. (biomedcentral.com)
Here we present Genomicus, a new synteny browser that can represent and compare unlimited numbers of genomes in a broad phylogenetic view. (omictools.com)
FINDINGS The next generation sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of the 11-segmented genome of the G10P[14] strain allowed classification as G10-P[14]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A3-N2-T6-E2-H3. (scielo.br)

8. Schilling-Loeffler K, Viera-Segura O, Corman VM, Schneider J, Gadicherla AK, Schotte U, Johne R. Cell Culture Isolation and Whole Genome Characterization of Hepatitis E Virus Strains from Wild Boars in Germany. (unog.ch)

This study continuously maintained the virulent ASFV strain, Armenia2007 (Arm07), to establish an attenuated ASFV strain with minimum genetic alteration in a susceptible host cell line, immortalized porcine kidney macrophage (IPKM). (bvsalud.org)
There is now increasing evidence that animal rotaviruses can infect humans, either through direct transmission of the virus or by contributing one or several genes to reassortants with essentially a human strain genetic background. (news-medical.net)
We validated the algorithm's predictions by characterizing 646 genetic system variants, encoded in plasmids and genomes, expressed in six gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial hosts. (omictools.com)
MAIN CONCLUSIONS The genetic characterisation of the G10P[14] strain from Honduras suggests that its genome resulted from multiple reassortment events which were possibly mediated through interspecies transmissions. (scielo.br)

Plants pre-infected with a mild variant of a virus frequently become protected against more severe variants of the same virus through the cross protection phenomenon first discovered in 1929. (frontiersin.org)
Recent investigations in our labs, by analyzing the whole-plant dynamics of a turnip crinkle virus (TCV) population, coupled with cell biological interrogation of individual TCV variants, revealed possible novel mechanisms for cross protection and the closely related process of superinfection exclusion (SIE). (frontiersin.org)
Rapid repair of human disease-specific single-nucleotide variants by One-SHOT genome editing. (mypols.de)
The authors evaluated the entire genome of a 40-year old man and compared it to several databases of disease-related gene variants. (blogspot.com)
The genome analysis revealed variants associated with diseases in the man's family (osteoarthritis, vascular disease and early sudden death). (blogspot.com)
Notably, the majority of the emerging viruses enclose RNA genome and these are more prone for insertions/mutation in their genome, leading to evolving viral variants. (benthamopen.com)

African swine fever (ASF) is an infectious Suidae disease caused by the ASF virus (ASFV). (bvsalud.org)
Cloning and mutagenesis of the murine gammaherpesvirus 68 genome as an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome. (microbiologyresearch.org)

Because no field-available vaccine exists, African swine fever virus (ASFV) control and eradication solely depend on good farm biosecurity management and rapid and accurate diagnosis. (bvsalud.org)
These findings suggest that this naturally attenuated, spontaneously occurring ASFV strain may provide a novel platform for ASF vaccine development. (bvsalud.org)
Fortunately, effective vaccines are available to help prevent hepatitis A and hepatitis B. Although no vaccine is available for hepatitis C, life-saving treatment can cure the virus. (cdc.gov)
C-strain CSF vaccine is the most frequently used vaccine for CSF control and prevention. (biomedcentral.com)
Animals of group 1 (C01-C04) were immunized intramuscularly twice 4 weeks apart with 3 mL of a trivalent inactivated vaccine for AKAV, AINOV and CHUV (Nisseiken Bovine Abnormal Parturition Trivalent Inactivated Vaccine, Nisseiken Co., Ltd, Japan). (biomedcentral.com)

The Norovirus genus contains more than 40 different strains that are divided into 5 genogroups based on sequence similarity. (medscape.com)

Norwalk virus was officially renamed norovirus by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses in 2002. (medscape.com)
Between 1968 and 2002, 606 strains including 10 human ZIKV strains were isolated in Central and West Africa countries and reported by the WHO Collaborating Center for Arbovirus and Viral Hemorrhagic Fever of Pasteur Institute in Dakar [ 20 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Circoviruses belong to the family of small DNA viruses, which infect a number of animal species. (uvlf.sk)
These viruses are highly prevalent in bovine and ovine populations and can infect pigs. (merckvetmanual.com)
Results of serological assays and nucleotide chain recognition methods have shown that many strains of rotaviruses isolated from mammalian species have the ability to infect humans. (news-medical.net)
The emergence of this A(H1N1) 2009 poses a potential global threat for human health and the fact that it can infect other species, like pigs, favours a possible encounter with other influenza viruses circulating in swine herds. (vetres.org)

Investigation of these two viruses may reveal further evidence of cross-species transmission. (liverpool.ac.uk)
These viruses are relatively closely related to each other and a range of viruses in wildlife species like bats which they may have evolved. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Most domestic animal species can play a role in the spread of the virus by acting as natural reservoirs of the virus or as intermediate or end hosts. (news-medical.net)
Due to the ability of the virus to overcome the barriers between species, it is also clear that animal strains may act as a natural source of viral genomes, thus promoting mutations and creating new viral genotypes with unknown virulence. (news-medical.net)
The re-annotation also utilises sequence data from additional Campylobacter strains and species not available during the original annotation. (omictools.com)
Ample data is available in support of the emergence of new viruses or virus strains which have established in uncommon host species or exhibiting species jumping, making their survival in the bionetwork conceivable. (benthamopen.com)

NSP1 and NSP5 were AU-1-like and NSP3 was T6, which suggests that multiple reassortment events occurred in the evolution of the strain. (scielo.br)

The study of MCF pathogenesis has been impeded by an inability to produce recombinant virus, mainly due to the fact that AlHV-1 becomes attenuated during passage in culture. (microbiologyresearch.org)
The availability of the AlHV-1 BAC is an important advance for the study of MCF that will allow the identification of viral genes involved in MCF pathogenesis, as well as the production of attenuated recombinant candidate vaccines. (microbiologyresearch.org)

The whole genome of bacterial DNA was sequenced by whole genome sequencing (WGS) method.Based on Illumina NovaSeq and PacBio SequeI sequencing platforms,the whole genome sequencing results were analyzed by gene function annotation and bioinformatics analysis (including basic genome information,functional element analysis and subsystem analysis,etc. (chvm.net)

Bovine clinical samples used in this study were submitted to KSVDL for routine diagnostic testing. (datexis.com)
What: Scientists at Stanford and Harvard Universities collaborated to assess the clinical usefulness of analyzing a patient's full genome for disease risks and unusual drug responses. (blogspot.com)
The work brings closer to reality the concept that whole-genome sequencing might one day play a clinical role. (blogspot.com)
Clinical assessment incorporating a personal genome. (blogspot.com)

Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious and often fatal viral disease of swine. (merckvetmanual.com)
Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious viral disease of swine, including wild (feral) and domestic pigs [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

A mutant strain was successfully isolated via repeated plaque purification in combination with next-generation sequencing analysis. (bvsalud.org)
Whole Genome Sequencing and Biological Characteristics Analysis of Multidrug-resistant Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae GD2107 Strain[J]. China Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2022, 49(10): 4019-4031. (chvm.net)
The authors view their work as a proof of concept that whole-genome sequencing can yield clinically useful information for individual patients. (blogspot.com)

Norovirus, formerly referred to as Norwalk virus, is a very contagious virus that causes acute gastroenteritis. (medscape.com)
Several notifiable emerging viruses like influenza, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), Ebola, Hendra, Nipah and Zika viruses have become the leading causes of epidemics and losses thereto in both human and animals. (benthamopen.com)

Adaptation to less susceptible, non-target host cells is one of the most common techniques used to attenuate virulent viruses. (bvsalud.org)
Importantly, BAC-derived AlHV-1 virions replicated comparably to the virulent (low-passage) AlHV-1 parental strain and induced MCF in rabbits that was indistinguishable from that of the virulent parental strain. (microbiologyresearch.org)

However, this may induce many mutations and large-scale rearrangements in the viral genome, resulting in immunostimulatory potential loss of the virus in vivo. (bvsalud.org)

Grapevine fanleaf virus RNA1-encoded proteins 1A and 1BHel suppress RNA silencing. (harvard.edu)
A series of new outbreaks followed over the years, caused by mutation of the initial type, CPV-2, to CPV-2a and then minor further changes in the capsid proteins, leading to the CPV-2b strain (Parrish et al. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)

Group A rotaviruses are a major cause of diarrhea in humans and animals. (cdc.gov)
Indications are that bats can also harbour rotaviruses, and help in virus spread. (benthamopen.com)

In Europe, H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2 subtypes of swine influenza virus currently have a high prevalence in commercial farms. (vetres.org)
The mortality of swine influenza virus (SIV) infected pigs is usually low, although morbidity may approach 100% [ 14 ]. (vetres.org)

Classical swine fever is caused by a small, enveloped RNA virus in the genus Pestivirus of the family Flaviviridae. (merckvetmanual.com)
The etiologic agent of CSF, classical swine fever virus (CSFV), is one member of the genus Pestivirus of the Flaviviridae family [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

results showed that glycosylation of vp7 is not required for normal viral morphogenesis and infectivity and suggested that the nonstructural glycoprotein is involved in assembly of the outer capsid. (liverpool.ac.uk)
Parvoviruses are small non-enveloped viruses made up of a spherical capsid that carries a single-strand DNA chain. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)

Our new mechanistic model postulates that, for RNA viruses like TCV, SIE manifests a viral function that denies progeny viruses the chance of re-replicating their genomes in the cells of their "parents," and it collaterally targets highly homologous superinfecting viruses that are indistinguishable from progeny viruses. (frontiersin.org)

African swine fever is a hemorrhagic viral disease with a mortality rate of nearly 100% in pigs. (bvsalud.org)
Virus neutralization test (VNT) is widely used for serological survey of classical swine fever (CSF) and efficacy evaluation of CSF vaccines. (biomedcentral.com)

Fetal bovine turbinate cells (courtesy of Swedish Veterinary Institute) propagated in Eagle's minimal essential medium (BioWhittaker, Belgium) in 96 well plates were incubated with 50 μl filtered swab samples for 30 min. (datexis.com)

Different examples of identical or (almost identical) transfer of animal rotaviral segments of the virus to humans are described in the literature. (news-medical.net)

SBV, a member of the Simbu serogroup within the genus Orthobunyavirus , is closely related to Akabane virus (AKAV) and Aino virus (AINOV) among others. (biomedcentral.com)

This method was used successfully to detect ZIKV strains from field-caught mosquitoes. (biomedcentral.com)

In infected pregnant cows, the virus is transmitted to a fetus with a high degree of efficiency, leading to fetal loss, malformations or birth of a persistently infected calf. (zoologix.com)

Whilst this large family of viruses includes some important human pathogens, it is important to emphasise that CECoV is not closely related to human coronaviruses like SARS-CoV2, the cause of COVID-19. (liverpool.ac.uk)

Despite its widespread use in managing important plant virus diseases, the mechanism of cross protection remains poorly understood. (frontiersin.org)
Undetected, these could lead to diarrhea, loss of body weight and infected meat, but fortunately, most diseases aren't fatal for cows. (cowcaretaker.com)
Virology experts recommend following a vaccination program for various bovine diseases, and vaccines for BVD are available as either killed virus or modified live virus vaccines. (cowcaretaker.com)
Human lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the cause of two major diseases, ATLL and HAM/TSP in a percentage of carriers. (biomedcentral.com)

Expression profiles and interaction of microRNA and transcripts in response to bovine leukemia virus exposure. (usda.gov)
Neonatal and susceptible young growing pigs are exposed to viruses that are shed by carriers, including sows, or through exposure to the virus in their environment. (news-medical.net)

The isolated strain, Arm07ΔMGF, which was obtained from a viral fluid at a passage level of 20, lacked 11 genes in total in the MGF300 and MGF360 regions and showed marked reduction in virulence against pigs. (bvsalud.org)
The C-strain antibody can be tested in pigs as early as 7 days post vaccination with the cELISA. (biomedcentral.com)

Viruses in genogroups I, II, and IV are primarily human pathogens, although genogroup II contains a porcine-specific virus. (medscape.com)

Genome-wide transcript analysis showed that B. anthracis undergoes considerable changes in gene expression during growth in iron-depleted media, including the regulation of known and candidate virulence factors. (omictools.com)

Comparative study of various cell lines susceptibility to cytopathic and non-cytopathic strains of Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 and 2. (uvlf.sk)

In 2013 viral hepatitis, of which hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are the most common types, surpassed HIV and AIDS to become the seventh leading cause of death worldwide. (cdc.gov)
An RNA-based system to study hepatitis B virus replication and evaluate antivirals. (harvard.edu)

Despite this growth, bioinformatic tools available to visualize and compare genomes and to infer evolutionary events remain restricted to two or three genomes at a time, thus limiting the breadth and the nature of the question that can be investigated. (omictools.com)
Evolutionary biology has become one of the imperative determinants explaining the origin of several viruses which were either identified decades back or are recognized lately using metagenomic approaches. (benthamopen.com)

Anatomy10

Organisms102

Diseases28

Chemicals and Drugs30

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment24

Phenomena and Processes60

Disciplines and Occupations2

Information Science4

Health Care6

Geographicals2

Infection26

BVDV32

Coronavirus7

Single-stranded5

Isolates3

Rotavirus19

Pathogenic6

Avian10

Genomic6

Sequences3

Cattle9

Antibodies8

Calves4

Detection7

Assay7

Molecular5

Pathogen5

Fetal bovin1

Phylogenetic5

Characterization1

Genetic4

Variants6

Infectious2

Vaccine5

Different strains1

20022

Infect4

Species6

Reassortment events1

Pathogenesis2

Bacterial1

Clinical4

Disease of swine2

Sequencing3

Acute2

Virulent2

Mutations1

Proteins2

Rotaviruses2

Influenza2

Flaviviridae2

Capsid2

Homologous1

Swine2

Turbinate1

Humans1

Genus1

Detect1

Calf1

Closely related1

Diseases4

Exposure2

Pigs2

Porcine1

Virulence1

Cytopathic1

Hepatitis B vir2

Evolutionary2