Strain expresses ampicillin resistance. Medical search. Frequent questions

Rep_3, replicon of pSC138, the Tn 6092 -containing resistant plasmid of strain SC-B67. (cdc.gov)
pHT01 is a plasmid used as a cloning vector for expressing proteins in Bacillus subtilis. (wikipedia.org)
The plasmid also carries genes to confer resistance to ampicillin and chloramphenicol. (wikipedia.org)
Plasmid pHT01 is generally stable in both B. subtilis and Escherichia coli, and can be used for protein expression in these host strains. (wikipedia.org)
Plasmid DNA exposed to saliva for 24h was still capable of transforming E. coli to ampicillin resistance, but at low efficiency: 20 cfu (colony forming units) per ml compared with 1.6 x103 cfu per ml after 24h in sterile water. (gmwatch.org)
The nptII gene in transgenic potato plants coding for kanamycin resistance, transforms naturally competent cells of the soil bacteria Pseudomonas stutzeri and Acinetobacter BD413 (both harboring a plasmid with an nptII gene containing a small deletion (hence nonfunctional) with the same high efficiency as nptII genes on plasmid DNA ( 3x10-5 -1x10-4) despite the presence of a more than 106 fold excess of plant DNA. (gmwatch.org)
The protocol involves insertion of an I- Sec I restriction site linked to an antibiotic resistance gene into the target plasmid using λ-Red mutagenesis, followed by the transformation with a temperature-sensitive auxiliary plasmid which carries I- Sec I nuclease expressed from a tetracycline-inducible promoter. (springeropen.com)
Finally, the auxiliary plasmid is removed by incubation at 42 °C and the plasmid-less strains are verified on antibiotic-containing media. (springeropen.com)
For example, insertions led to the acquisition of antibiotic resistance genes in the virulence plasmid of the serovar Typhimurium, thus making it not only a virulence determinant, but also the source a multi-drug resistance phenotype (Herrero-Fresno et al. (springeropen.com)
Resistance to trimethoprim can arise by chromosomal mutations that cause overproduction of dihydrofolate or plasmid encoded trimethoprim-resistant dihydrofolate reductases. (diseasepdf.com)
A virB inactivation mutant BMΔvirB (BM with a promoter of the virB operon deleted) and complementary strains BM-IVGT (BMΔvirB containing complementary plasmid pBBR1-IVGT) were constructed previously (Wang et al. (a-inhibitor.com)
Twenty ESBL producing strains (15%) including Escherichia coli (n = 9), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 7), Klebsiella oxytoca (n = 2) and Enterobacter aerogenes (n = 2) were detected and further analyzed for their resistance transfer features, plasmid profile and nature of the resistance genes. (scielo.br)
Commonly used conditions for ampicillin resistant plasmid clones. (dnasu.org)
The Chaperone Plasmid Set consists of five different plasmids, each of which is designed to express multiple molecular chaperones that function as a "chaperone team" to enable protein folding. (takarabio.com)
Each plasmid carries an origin of replication derived from pACYC and a Cm r gene, which allows use with E. coli expression systems utilizing ColE1-type plasmids containing an ampicillin resistance gene as a marker. (takarabio.com)
The second step is to prepare competent cells from this new strain and transform this strain with a plasmid expressing the target protein. (takarabio.com)

Tryptophan requirement in the Escherichia coli strain (Tryptophan operon). (europa.eu)
In Caenorhabditis elegans , RNAi can be achieved by feeding worms Escherichia coli expressing dsRNA corresponding to a specific gene [ 21 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Escherichia coli rapidly develops resistance, particularly that associated with multiple drug resistance (MDR) when exposed to selected antimicrobials. (vin.com)
In this study, the prevalence, phenotypes, and clonal relationships of Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) strains isolated from minks were investigated. (hindawi.com)
The aims of this research work were to determine the patterns of antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from the meat of wild or domestically reared pigeons from Spain, to detect the presence of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes, and to carry out a phylogenetic classification of the isolates. (mdpi.com)
The antibiotic resistance profiles of Escherichia coli ( E. coli ), isolated from different water sources in D. Tonderai Kawadza1 the Mmabatho locality were evaluated. (marysfamilymedicine.org)

Characterization of phenotypes associated with virulence plasmids requires a system for efficiently curing strains of their virulence plasmids. (springeropen.com)
Satellite colonies can be decreasedby using 2x ampicillin when selecting for plasmids. (diseasepdf.com)
The ESBLs are encoded by large plasmids that can confer the information between strains as well as different species of organisms. (vin.com)
Expression of ESBL is often associated with multidrug resistance and dissemination by resistance plasmids. (scielo.br)
The acquisition of resistance genes through a mechanism involving mobile genetic elements, such as plasmids and transposons, is considered a major contributor to antimicrobial resistance [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
A previous study also demonstrated that E. coli can carry resistance plasmids and can easily acquire resistance transfer genes [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
The emergence and spread of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in intensive care units (ICU) is said to be due to clonal dissemination of a few epidemic strains as well as horizontal transmission of resistance gene-carrying plasmids among bacterial organisms (Wu et al . (scialert.net)

All isolates were resistant to ampicillin and ceftriaxone. (cdc.gov)

1 The solid form of the antibiotics can be added directly to sterilized media that has been cooled to approximately 55°C. If kept at 4°C tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and streptomycin platesare usually good for several months, but kanamycin plates and ampicillin plates may only lastfor several weeks. (diseasepdf.com)
RESULTS: QACFG and triclosan showed the highest selectivity for variants with reduced susceptibility to chloramphenicol, tetracycline, ampicillin, acriflavine and triclosan. (birmingham.ac.uk)
Gentamicin and Ceftazidime but resistant to Ampicillin;Amoxycillin and Chloramphenicol. (bvsalud.org)
Of the 230 E. coli isolates tested, marked antibiotic resistances (over 70%) were University, Mafikeng observed for erythromycin, tetracycline, ampicillin, chloramphenicol and norfloxacin. (marysfamilymedicine.org)

Antibiotics abuse has caused increased bacterial resistance, which severely limits the application of antibiotics to the treatment of bacterial infections. (springeropen.com)
However, the inappropriate use of antibiotics in clinical and non-clinical treatment has led to increased spread of bacterial resistance and damaged the human micro-ecological balance, often resulting in the failure of clinical antibacterial treatment. (springeropen.com)
While bacterial resistance to antibiotics has increased, the number of synthesized or discovered antibiotics has steadily reduced in the past ten years (Powers 2004 ). (springeropen.com)
In order to fight effectively against this bacterial resistance and to limit the cases of therapeutic failures, the search for new, more efficient molecules capable of effectively eradicating the mutant strains responsible for bacterial diseases must be encouraged (Brochot et al. (springeropen.com)
An important strategy for tackling bacterial resistance involves the utilization of drug combinations, and natural products derived from plants hold significant potential as a rich source of bioactive compounds that can act as effective adjuvants. (biomedcentral.com)

The bacteria designated by the acronym SERMOR-PROVENF (SER = Serratia, MOR = Morganella, PROV = Providencia, EN = Enterobacter, F = freundii for Citrobacter freundii ) have similar, although not identical, chromosomal beta-lactamase genes that are inducible. (medscape.com)
The bla gene originates from the cloning vector PUC18 and is not expressed in maize, but has bacterial regulatory sequences that would allow it to become functional were it to be transferred back into bacteria. (gmwatch.org)
The researchers investigated the survival of DNA from transgenic maize and the transfer of the antibiotic resistance bla gene to bacteria in the presence of saliva, rumen fluid and silage effluent, which are relevant to horizontal gene transfer in the oral cavity, the rumen, and in silage. (gmwatch.org)
In nature, that's how, once in a while, new viruses and bacteria that cause disease epidemics are generated, and how antibiotic and drug resistance spread to the disease agents, making infections much more difficult to treat. (i-sis.org.uk)
Timentin is useful for selecting for penicillin resistance in cultures of gram negative bacteria that secrete large amounts of ß-lactamase - resistant cells are protected by ß- lactamase retained within the periplasm, while exogenous ß-lactamase is inactivated by the clavulinic acid, allowing the Ticarcillin to inhibit growth of any sensitive cells in the population. (diseasepdf.com)
Resistance to antibiotics occurs because of the changing nature of bacteria that no longer can be killed. (modernjmicrobiol.com)
Given the rising occurrence of antibiotic resistance due to the existence and ongoing development of resistant bacteria and phenotypes, the identification of new treatments and sources of antimicrobial agents is of utmost urgency. (biomedcentral.com)
Extracts and phases obtained from the medicinal plant M. albicans demonstrated synergistic effects when combined with the commercial antibiotics ampicillin and ciprofloxacin, against multi-drug resistant bacteria S. aureus and A. baumannii , restoring their antibacterial efficacy. (biomedcentral.com)
This resistance has spread to strains of E. coli and other gram-negative bacteria (Iroha et al . (scialert.net)
The BETA-LACTAMASES hydrolyze the beta lactam ring, accounting for BETA-LACTAM RESISTANCE of infective bacteria. (lookformedical.com)
Many urinary tract bacteria are capable of expressing drug resistance. (bvsalud.org)

Insect-resistant maize line CG00526-176 contains three bacterial genes: the cry1A(b) specific to lepidopterans, the bar gene conferring tolerance to glufosinate, and a bla gene encoding TEM-1 b-lactamase (ampicillin resistance). (gmwatch.org)
GMDNA often contains antibiotic resistance marker genes needed in the process of making GM organisms, but serves no useful function in the GM organism. (i-sis.org.uk)
Thus, genes for resistance develop along with genes directing antibiotic production and organisms are "primed" to develop resistance. (vin.com)
Microflora of the GI tract can serve as reservoir of resistance genes. (vin.com)
In all the samples, 50 E. coli strains were isolated and then assigned to serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility test, detection of antimicrobial resistance genes and the Class 1 integrons, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). (hindawi.com)
Our results showed that farmed minks could be reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli with Class 1 integron cassettes and resistance genes, which were likely to pose a threat to public health. (hindawi.com)

The vector carries the inducible tetracycline promoter/operator for the regulated expression of proteins, the Strep -tag for N-terminal and the FLAG-tag for C-terminal fusion to the recombinant protein as well as the Ampicillin Resistance cassette. (neuromics.com)
5 Certain strains are only resistant to half this concentration of tetracycline. (diseasepdf.com)

Considerations for empirical therapy include an assessment regarding potential resistance to antibiotics, the infection site, anticipated achievable tissue concentrations of antibiotic, and predicted antibiotic adverse effects. (medscape.com)
When necessary, antibiotics were added to a final concentration of 100 μg mL−1 ampicillin and 25 μg mL−1 gentamicin. (a-inhibitor.com)
and B. licheniformis recorded high sensitivity (71%) against most antibiotics, in addition, B. subtilis showed resistance to Aztreonam only. (modernjmicrobiol.com)
Bacterial strains that are resistant to different antibiotics will multiply then spread so that they become more serious. (modernjmicrobiol.com)
Furthermore, their individual effects and synergistic potential in combination with antibiotics were examined against clinical strains of both S. aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii . (biomedcentral.com)
Three key compounds commonly found in the samples, namely gallic acid, quercitrin, and corosolic acid, did not exhibit significant antibacterial activity when assessed individually or in combination with antibiotics against clinical bacterial strains. (biomedcentral.com)
Pathogens previously susceptible to several drugs have increasingly shown resistance profiles, due to the extensive use of antibiotics. (biomedcentral.com)
Investigations have shown that ESBL enzymes also confer resistance to other classes of antibiotics (Fashae et al . (scialert.net)
Monitoring resistance to antibiotics in wild animals may assist in evaluating tendencies in the evolution of this major public health problem. (mdpi.com)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis exhibited multi-drug resistance to the antibiotics tested. (bvsalud.org)
13 water sources in the Mmabatho locality, The surfacing of antibiotic resistance usually results from the misuse of antibiotics as growth-promoters in North-west Province, animal production, for therapy and prophylaxis.14 Because humans consume these animal products, there South Africa. (marysfamilymedicine.org)
ABSTRACT Concerns have been expressed about the overuse of antibiotics in inpatient settings. (who.int)

E. coli strain DH5a was the test micro-organism for horizontal gene transfer. (gmwatch.org)

More disconcerting, resistance is easily conferred to more pathogenic organisms. (vin.com)
Some E. coli strains are potentially pathogenic, including enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), and enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), which may cause intestinal or urologic diseases [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
The treatment of pathogenic E. coli infections is becoming complicated because of the rapid emergence and dissemination of antibiotic-resistant strains, which may consequently result in an increasing number of clinical treatment failures in bacterial-mediated diseases and further threaten public health with the possibility of transmission to humans through aerosols, environmental contact or other methods [ 2 , 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
The level of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic and commensal E. coli has steadily increased and has become a global health concern [ 7 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)

Histidine requirement in the Salmonella typhimurium strains (Histidine operon). (europa.eu)
Spontaneous reversion of the test strains to histidine (Salmonella typhimurium strains) independence is measured routinely in mutagenicity experiments and expressed as the number of spontaneous revertants per plate. (europa.eu)
NeuA2 southern blot Genomic DNA samples of Salmonella enterica, L. interrogans serovar Lai str. (plk-receptor.com)
Cases were defined as a laboratory-confirmed Salmonella Typhimurium infection highly related (within 0-6 allele differences) to the outbreak strain based on whole-genome sequencing analysis by core-genome multilocus sequence typing with illness onset occurring during 27 August 2020-14 May 2021. (cdc.gov)

This study was therefore designed to investigate the in vitro therapeutic outcome of combining an aminoglycoside (gentamicin) and some floroquinolones including ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, perfloxacin and gatifloxacin at different ratios against E. coli isolates expressing ESBL enzymes. (scialert.net)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa was sensitive to gentamicin (87.5) and ceftazidime (85.7) but showed resistance to ciprofloxacin (57.2). (bvsalud.org)
Quinupristin/dalfopristin-resistant E. faecium from retail chickens are more likely than isolates from pork or human stools to also express high-level gentamicin resistance. (cdc.gov)

It can be used with any E. coli strain because the tet-promoter works independently from the genetic background of E.coli . (neuromics.com)
Preliminary studies can be carried out in bacterial expression systems, using the strong T5 promoter, which is recognized by E. coli polymerase, and allows efficient expression of proteins in any E. coli strain. (qiagen.com)
Inserts encoding proteins of interest are cloned into appropriate constructs and transformed into a suitable E. coli strain for expression. (qiagen.com)
The enteroinvasive E . coli strain, which produces shigellosis-like diseases in children and adults. (marysfamilymedicine.org)
The enteroaggressive E . coli strain, which produces persistent gastroenteritis and diarrhoea in infants and children,5,6 and is prevalent in developing countries. (marysfamilymedicine.org)

The occurrence of various cases and multidrug resistance confirm that TB has not been completely conquered. (bvsalud.org)

Ampicillin and amoxicillin, first- and second-generation cephalosporins, and cephamycins are strong AmpC beta-lactamase inducers. (medscape.com)
2008). The resistance is probably because of the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) enzyme that was derived from the wide spread TEM-1/2 and SHV-1 family. (scialert.net)

Gegenüber Ampicillin zeigten ca. 21 % der S. aureus-Stämme, aber nur 12 % der koagulasenegativen Staphylococcus spp. (fu-berlin.de)
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains formed 25of this species. (bvsalud.org)

Because most Enterobacter species are either very resistant to many agents or can develop resistance during antimicrobial therapy, the choice of appropriate antimicrobial agents is complicated. (medscape.com)
With rare exceptions, E cloacae complex species are resistant to the narrow-spectrum penicillins that traditionally have good activity against other Enterobacteriaceae such as E coli (eg, ampicillin, amoxicillin) and to first-generation and second-generation cephalosporins (eg, cefazolin, cefuroxime). (medscape.com)
Our approach provides an alternative to genetic transformation of plant species with dsRNA-expressing constructs capable to interfere with plant viruses. (biomedcentral.com)
The ability of organisms to develop resistance to an antimicrobial varies with the species and strain. (vin.com)

Confirmation of Phenotypes of Tester Strains: The phenotypes of the tester strains used in the bacterial reverse mutation assays with regard to membrane permeability (rfa), UV sensitivity (uvrA and uvrB), ampicillin resistance (amp), as well as spontaneous mutation frequencies are checked regularly according to Ames et al. (europa.eu)
Therefore, it is possible that far more OMPs are differentially expressed in the virB mutant and that OM-related phenotypes are altered. (a-inhibitor.com)

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of all isolates with the restriction-endonuclease enzymes Sma I revealed 34 patterns demonstrating that no single methicillin-sensitive S. aureus strain was endemic in the hospital. (edu.lb)

but resistant to erythromycin (56.2) and ampicillin (97). (bvsalud.org)

2012 ). Despite overall differences in composition, some genetic components are conserved, most notably the virulence determinant spv operon which is expressed during infection and codes for SpvB, a toxin that ADP-ribosylates actin of the macrophage cell destabilizing its cytoskeleton (Heithoff et al. (springeropen.com)

Members of the Klebsiella genus typically express 2 types of antigens on their cell surface. (medscape.com)
RÉSUMÉ L'émergence et la propagation rapide des souches de Klebsiella pneumoniae résistantes aux antibiotiques et porteuses du gène blaKPC codant la production de carbapénèmases ont compliqué la prise en charge des infections des patients. (who.int)

Furthermore, we have demonstrated that easy to obtain, crude extracts of bacterially expressed dsRNAs are equally effective protecting plants against virus infections when sprayed onto plant surfaces by a simple procedure. (biomedcentral.com)
Comparison of soluble extracts from uninduced (-) and induced (+) cells shows superior control of basal expression in the T7 Express hosts while maintaining high levels of induced expression. (neb.com)
2018 ). It is therefore on the strength of Benin's rich plant heritage that this study proposes to explore the antibacterial potential of A. cordifolia leaves extracts against multidrug-resistant bacterial strains responsible for human infections. (springeropen.com)

The strain infection. (cdc.gov)

ampicillin for amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid for ampicillin-sulbactam. (vin.com)

Expresses CAS9-eGFP fusion protein in mammalian cells. (addgene.org)
Expresses 3xFLAG-NLS-SpCas9-NG-NLS in mammalian cells. (addgene.org)

These diseases are a serious public health problem in developing countries as they are the leading cause of death with an alarming growth rate of antibiotic resistance (Dougnon et al. (springeropen.com)

A total of 167 people infected with the outbreak strain of E. coli O157:H7 were reported from 27 states. (cdc.gov)
The outbreak strain was isolated from samples collected from a Pennsylvania patient's small turtle tank. (cdc.gov)

were initially included among the group D streptococci but are now classified as a separate genus even though they do express Lancefield group D antigens. (msdmanuals.com)
are alpha-hemolytic, ie, they are a type of viridans streptococci and do not express Lancefield antigens. (msdmanuals.com)

Cells growing in the presence of ampicillin synthesize weak cell walls, causing them to burst due to the high internal osmotic pressure. (diseasepdf.com)
A few strains release exotoxins that activate certain T cells, triggering release of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukins, and other immunomodulators. (msdmanuals.com)

The conclusions, findings, and opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors' affiliated institutions. (cdc.gov)

QIA express pQE vectors combine a powerful phage T5 promoter (recognized by E. coli RNA polymerase) with a double lac operator repression module to provide tightly regulated, high-level expression of recombinant proteins in E. coli . (qiagen.com)

In human medicine, E. coli has developed resistance to the fluorinated quinolones, beta-lactams, or both: it is among the gram-negative organisms that secrete extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL). (vin.com)
Emergence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) is an example of the relentless adaptive nature of microbes toward designer drugs intended to preclude the advent of resistance. (vin.com)
The ESBL producing strains were determined by double-disk synergy (DDS) testing. (scielo.br)
2004). Recent studies have shown however, that ESBL producing organisms have started developing resistance to the aminoglycosides and floroquinolones, thus posing serious therapeutic consequences. (scialert.net)

2019 ). This fact may be associated with a risk of exhaustion of therapeutic remedies capable of treating diseases caused by those mutant strains. (springeropen.com)

With those exceptions, strains within this genus ferment lactose, most produce highly mucoid colonies on plates because of the production of a luxuriant polysaccharide capsule, and all are nonmotile. (medscape.com)

Spontaneous Reversion of Tester Strains: Each test strain reverts spontaneously at a frequency that is characteristic of the strain. (europa.eu)
Exposure to antimicrobials may facilitate survival of isolates that have either spontaneously mutated or acquired resistance through other means. (vin.com)

The expressed recombinant protein will be localized in the cytoplasm. (neuromics.com)
protein differences between a virB mutant and its parental strain using comparative proteomic analysis (Wang et al. (a-inhibitor.com)
As such, GCN2 is required for longevity and stress resistance induced by dietary restriction (DR). IMPACT is an ancient protein that inhibits GCN2. (biomedcentral.com)

These results clearly demonstrate that the N. europaea NE0616 fur homolog is expressed Lazertinib purchase in E. coli in a functional form and is capable of regulating the Fur-dependent fiu promoter in H1780. (plk-receptor.com)
To circumvent this autoinhibitory effect the experiment was repeated with a strain in which flgM was placed under control of a non-native (P araB ) promoter. (nature.com)

Test isolates showing resistance to any of the 2nd and 3rd generation cephalosporins were subjected to double disc synergy test studies. (scialert.net)

There are many resistance mechanisms underlying the emergence and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance. (hindawi.com)
This capsule encases the entire cell surface, accounts for the large appearance of the organism on gram stain, and provides resistance against many host defense mechanisms. (medscape.com)
In C. elegans , different protocols of DR elicit different degrees of lifespan extension and stress resistance by often distinct and complementary mechanisms [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The high prevalence of ertapenem nonsusceptibility at a tertiary care hospital in Egypt was predominantly attributed to K. pneumoniae carbapenemase-mediated resistance mechanisms in K. pneumoniae isolates. (who.int)

It may result from opportunistic colonization following immunosuppression by the primary pathogen and can be influenced by the time interval between infections, microbial physiology, or host resistance. (lookformedical.com)
Advances in control of infections have not completely eradicated this problem because of development of drug resistance.Antimicrobial resistance can increase complications and costs associated with procedures and treatment. (bvsalud.org)

During a two-month period in 2000, 133 clinical isolates of enterobacterial strains were randomly collected from outpatients and inpatients at a university hospital in Turkey. (scielo.br)

La présente étude menée dans un hôpital de soins tertiaires en Égypte a utilisé la méthode de PCR en temps réel pour évaluer la présence du gène blaKPC dans les isolats de K. pneumoniae non sensibles à l'ertapénème, puis a comparé les résultats à l'aide du test de Hodge modifié. (who.int)

Meanwhile, mink-derived strain ST206 formed a new clonal complex, CC206, which was different from human ST strains. (hindawi.com)

In 2006, Paterson published a good review of resistance among various Enterobacteriaceae. (medscape.com)

thus, resistance is readily documented in vitro and may emerge rapidly in vivo. (medscape.com)

Resistance may be easily conferred to other potentially more virulent organisms. (vin.com)

Of these proteins affected by virB, products of the two major outer membrane proteins (OMPs), Omp25 and Omp31, were expressed at decreased levels, implying that T4SS might affect the membrane properties of Brucella. (a-inhibitor.com)

56601, L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni str. (plk-receptor.com)
L1-130, L. biflexa serovar Patoc, L. licerasiae strains CEH008 and MMD4847, L. interrogans serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae str.MMD3731 and L. fainei serovar Hurstbridge were prepared into plugs using 1 % agarose and 0.5x TBE. (plk-receptor.com)

Amino acid changes compared with the quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA (codons 83 and 87) and parC (codon 80) in S . enterica serotype Typhimurium LT2. (cdc.gov)

To further test the effect of T4SS on the OM, in the present study, OMPs of a wild-type and a virB 4-Aminobutyrate aminotransferase mutant strain were isolated and compared. (a-inhibitor.com)
METHODS: Wild-type strain SL1,344 and its isogenic gyrA mutant were passaged daily for 7 days in subinhibitory concentrations, and separately for 16 days in gradually increasing concentrations of a quaternary ammonium disinfectant containing formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde (QACFG), an oxidizing compound blend (OXC), a phenolic tar acids-based disinfectant (TOP) and triclosan. (birmingham.ac.uk)

In addition, activated macrophages expressed inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) to generate various inflammatory mediator molecules, such as nitric oxide (NO). The increase in iNOS and COX-2 levels, which are up-regulators of MMP-9 expression, was also confirmed. (bvsalud.org)
3 High level expression of ß-lactamase can destroy ampicillin in the medium surrounding the AmpR colonies, allowing Amps satellite colonies to grow. (diseasepdf.com)

Anatomy2

Organisms28

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs56

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment17

Phenomena and Processes49

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Health Care1

Plasmid16

Escherichia6

Plasmids7

Isolates were resistant to ampicillin1

Chloramphenicol4

Bacterial resistance5

Bacteria11

Genes6

Tetracycline2

Antibiotics12

Gene1

Pathogenic4

Salmonella4

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Coli strain5

Multidrug resistance1

Beta-lactamase2

Staphylococcus2

Species4

Phenotypes2

Aureus1

Erythromycin1

Operon1

Klebsiella2

Extracts3

Infection1

Amoxicillin1

Mammalian cells2

Growth1

Outbreak strain2

Antigens2

Cells2

Conclusions1

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20191

Polysaccharide1

Spontaneously2

Protein3

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Clinical1

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