We evaluated this hypothesis by measuring the onset of neural activity in the intermediate layers of the superior colliculus while monkeys generated saccades to high or low-intensity visual stimuli. (ox.ac.uk)
When stimulus intensity was high, the response onset latency was significantly reduced compared to low-intensity stimuli. (ox.ac.uk)
Stimuli vary in stimulation mode (flash vs. pattern), appearance of the stimulus (reversal vs. onset), color (black-white vs. colored), size (different check sizes), intensity and duration of flash. (wspos.org)
Amplitudes2
Here, we show that the magnitude of perceptual compression for a wide variety of probe stimuli and saccade amplitudes is quantitatively predicted by a simple heuristic model based on the geometry of retinotopic representations in the primate brain. (jneurosci.org)
Typical saccade amplitudes and fixation durations have been described by relatively small-N studies and reviews over the years. (frontiersin.org)
Neurons2
In anticipation of each saccade, many neurons in the visual system shift their receptive fields. (duke.edu)
If this hypothesis is correct, activity should be registered in neurons sooner for higher-intensity stimuli. (ox.ac.uk)
Fixations4
From these studies, it is thought that saccades in scenes tend to be 2-4° in amplitude ( Henderson and Hollingworth, 1998 ) and fixations tend to last 200-300 ms ( Rayner, 2009 ). (frontiersin.org)
To our knowledge, there has not been a large-N examination of the temporal properties of saccades and fixations in scenes. (frontiersin.org)
The size of the blue areas represents the duration of the ocular fixations and the lines represent the ocular saccades. (neurosciencenews.com)
In addition, greater numbers of fixations in stimuli of negative emotional content were observed. (bvsalud.org)
Auditory3
Leveraging the fine temporal resolution of MEG, we establish that activity in left FEF is enhanced both prior to and throughout the auditory stimulus when listeners direct auditory attention to target location compared to when they focus on target pitch. (frontiersin.org)
In a study involving shifting of attention between auditory and visual stimuli, Shomstein and Yantis (2006) observed distributed activation including bilateral parietal lobule [and superior temporal sulcus (STS)], consistent with the idea that audition and vision share a common supramodal attention network. (frontiersin.org)
Interestingly, the auditory pursuit responses adapted to the covert movement spectrum of the stimulus ensemble, from which we infer that the system may optimize a trade-off between movement speed and effort. (eneuro.org)
Gaze2
In sum, this thesis provides evidence that the abilities of peripheral vision have been underestimated and that peripheral vision might play a more important role in daily life than merely triggering gaze saccades to events in our environment. (logos-verlag.de)
In their experiment, Ethan Bromberg-Martin and Okihide Hikosaka placed monkeys in front of a computer screen and trained them to perform a saccade task, in which they learned to direct their gaze at specific areas. (edu.au)
Sensory2
Under this assumption, the psychophysical data on perisaccadic compression can be appreciated intuitively by imagining that, around the time of a saccade, the brain confounds nearby oculomotor and sensory signals while attempting to localize the position of objects in visual space. (jneurosci.org)
The ability to selectively attend to one of multiple simultaneous sensory stimuli is very flexible, allowing attention to be directed to various spatial or non-spatial features of a source. (frontiersin.org)
Stimulation1
Using electrical stimulation to evoke saccades from the dorsomedial frontal cortex (DMFC) and frontal eye fields (FEF) of rhesus monkeys, parametric tests were conducted to compare the excitability properties of these regions. (duke.edu)
Latency3
Stimulus intensity modifies saccadic reaction time and visual response latency in the superior colliculus. (ox.ac.uk)
We report baseline measures of eye movement behavior in our sample, including mean fixation duration, saccade amplitude, and initial saccade latency. (frontiersin.org)
The results suggest an increase in latency and reaction time to detect complex stimuli, e.g. the recognition of emotional facial expressions. (bvsalud.org)
Latencies1
Although erroneous saccades towards a visual stimulus are commonly labelled reflexive in patients with PFC damage or dysfunction, the latencies of most of these saccades are outside of the range of express saccades, which are triggered directly by the visual stimulus. (nih.gov)
Reflexive1
Here we assess chronostasis across different saccade types, ranging from highly volitional (self-timed saccades, antisaccades) to highly reflexive (peripherally cued saccades, express saccades). (mit.edu)
Saccadic5
Oswal, A., Ogden, M. & Carpenter, R. H. S. The time-course of stimulus expectation in a saccadic decision task. (wikipedia.org)
Saccadic chronostasis refers to the subjective temporal lengthening of the first visual stimulus perceived after an eye movement, and is most commonly experienced as the "stopped clock" illusion. (mit.edu)
The mechanisms underlying this perceptual stability can be probed in the laboratory by briefly presenting a stimulus around the time of a saccadic eye movement and asking subjects to report its position. (jneurosci.org)
As a result, the minimum time for visually triggered saccades was reduced, accounting for the shorter saccadic reaction times (SRTs) observed following high-intensity stimuli. (ox.ac.uk)
Participants maintained their feet parallel to each other, at standard and narrow bases of support, while either fixating on a stationary target (fixation condition) or performing horizontal saccadic eye movements to follow a target (eccentricity of 11° of visual angle), which continuously disappeared and reappeared immediately on the opposite side (saccade 0.5 Hz and saccade 1.1 Hz conditions). (bvsalud.org)
Ocular1
Orthophoria is defined as the perfect ocular alignment, even when no stimulus for fusion is present. (nih.gov)
Behavior1
Behavior in a visual search task with moving dot stimuli. (ucla.edu)
Oculomotor1
Several decades of patient, functional imaging and neurophysiological studies have supported a model in which the lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) acts to suppress unwanted saccades by inhibiting activity in the oculomotor system. (nih.gov)
Reaction3
Performance in a reaction time task can be strongly influenced by the physical properties of the stimuli used (e.g., position and intensity). (ox.ac.uk)
The reduction in reaction time observed with higher-intensity visual stimuli has been suggested to arise from reduced processing time along the visual pathway. (ox.ac.uk)
Reaction times (RTs) to the stimuli when presented simultaneously were significantly faster than when they were presented alone in the neurotypical children, a facilitation that could not be accounted for by probability summation, as evidenced by violation of the so-called 'race' model. (biomedcentral.com)
Intensity2
Our results establish a link between changes in neural activity related to stimulus intensity and changes to SRTs, which supports the hypothesis that shorter SRTs with higher-intensity stimuli are due to reduced processing time. (ox.ac.uk)
Scotopic (rod) responses are isolated by dark-adaptation for a minimum of 20 minutes according to ISCEV standards followed by a visibly white stimulus with an intensity of 0.010 photopic cd·s·m-2 as a single flash or 10 Hz flicker. (wspos.org)
Task3
The duration of each fixation and the amplitude of the saccades between them vary with the contents of the current scene, the viewer's task, and unique aspects of the individual viewer. (frontiersin.org)
Here, we tracked FEF spatial codes through time using a novel analytic method applied to the classic memory-delay saccade task. (eneuro.org)
In a visual-search task, for example, a stimulus can be perceptually more salient or prominent because of its visual properties (e.g., color, motion, orientation, size) and can thus attract more attention as opposed to other stimuli in the visual scene, facilitating its recognition (for review, see Wolfe & Horowitz, 2017 ). (escholarship.org)
Recognition1
In four studies, life size action stimuli were used (I) to examine the action categorization abilities of central and peripheral vision, (II) to investigate the viewpoint-dependency of peripheral action representations, (III) to behaviorally measure the perceptive field sizes of action sensitive channels and (IV) to investigate the influence of additional actors in the visual scene on action recognition processes. (logos-verlag.de)
Target1
Visual feedback provides the positional error and retinal slip velocity, needed to realign the fovea with the target through corrective saccades and smooth pursuit. (eneuro.org)
Facial expressions1
Babies express their emotions through their posture, voice and facial expressions from birth. (neurosciencenews.com)
Time2
The frontal eye fields (FEFs) participate in both working memory and sensorimotor transformations for saccades, but their role in integrating these functions through time remains unclear. (eneuro.org)
2019). Tests with this tool are based on features that provide precision of stimulus presentation time, stimulus synchronization and data analysis (Santos, Neto, Sousa, Pessoa, & Nogueira, 2014). (bvsalud.org)
Variety2
However, both saccade amplitude and fixation duration are influenced by a variety of factors. (frontiersin.org)
ERG's evoked by a variety of stimuli can evaluate separately cone and rod photoreceptor function as well as distinguish photoreceptor from inner retinal function. (wspos.org)
Emotions1
We express emotions in social interactions to convey information about our affective states and intentions, which is essential for communication. (nature.com)
Greater1
Stimuli used include either single flash or 30 Hz flicker stimuli as rods cannot follow a flicker stimulus greater than 20 Hz. (wspos.org)
Important1
Electrophysiological testing is very suitable for pediatric population, since testing is non-invasive, does not require any behavioral feedback, though the child's attention to stimuli is very important for some tests while others require little cooperation. (wspos.org)
Attention1
Research shows that visual attention is guided by a multitude of factors and can be user-driven as well as stimulus-driven. (escholarship.org)
Conditions1
Under such conditions, there is a systematic misperception of the probes toward the saccade end point. (jneurosci.org)
Journal1
Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without your express consent. (lww.com)
Single1
193:287-296 Roos, J. C. P., Calandrini, D. M. & Carpenter, R. H. S. A single mechanism for the timing of spontaneous and evoked saccades. (wikipedia.org)
Response2
Our analysis revealed that the stimulus-response relation was well described by an under-damped passive, second-order low-pass filter in series with an idiosyncratic, fixed, pure delay. (eneuro.org)
In a dark-adapted state a bright flash stimulus of 10 cd·s·m-2 evokes a combined response with enhanced 'a' waves. (wspos.org)