ReceptorApoptosisDendritic CellsReceptorsFlow CytometryActivationInducesOverexpressionStablyDifferentiationIntracellularBindsProliferationVivoAssaysAntibodyInhibitIsotype controlRajiRegulationExtracellularVitroEpithelial cellsCytotoxicityLymphocyteImmuneNFATKinaseLymphocytesMammalian cellsMononuclear cellsMonocytesGenesPeripheral bloodHumanRegulatorMiceInduceDepletionMitochondrialExposureTranscriptionSurfaceDemonstrateBiolHeLaInvestigateParentalMelanoma cellCalciumProteinsPeptideEpitopesInhibitionAntibodiesLeukemic cellActivityAdoptiveResultsLineRecognitionLatentlyCytokine productionTissuesSecretionGene expressionInfiltration
Receptor21
- Rational design of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells based on the recognition of antigenic epitopes capable of evoking the most potent CAR activation is an important objective in optimizing immune therapy. (nature.com)
- In contrast, astemizole acts as a histamine H1 receptor (H1R1) antagonist to activate T cells in a non-specific, DC-independent fashion. (bmj.com)
- Lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) is a coinhibitory receptor associated with impaired T-cell function and is frequently coexpressed with programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) in the context of human cancers. (aacrjournals.org)
- Adoptive T-cell therapy with T cell receptor (TCR) -engineered T cells is an attractive strategy for cancer treatment and the success in this therapy is dependent on the functional avidity of the transduced TCRs against targeted tumor antigens. (oncotarget.com)
- These preclinical and clinical evidences encourage us to develop T-cell adoptive immunotherapy using genetically engineered T cells that are transduced with a T-cell receptor (TCR) gene specific for TAA. (oncotarget.com)
- Protein A is a highly stable cell surface receptor produced by several strains of Staphylococcus aureus. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- The use of CD20 as suicide gene was investigated in CMV specific T cells and in T cells genetically modified with an antigen specific T-cell receptor. (haematologica.org)
- CD20-transduced T cells with and without co-transferred T-cell receptor were efficiently eliminated by complement dependent cytotoxicity induced by therapeutic anti-CD20 antibody rituximab. (haematologica.org)
- T-cell receptor (TCR) gene transfer is an attractive strategy for rapid in vitro generation of high numbers of antigen specific T cells. (haematologica.org)
- Superantigens simultaneously bind to major histocompatibility complex class II molecules and T-cell receptor molecules bearing a particular V-β region. (cdc.gov)
- A) TAM receptor appearance was discovered by traditional western blot of whole-cell lysates gathered from three individual cell linesHeLa (cervical carcinoma), Jurkat (T-ALL), and NB4 (AML FAB M3). (greatlakeshighereducationnow.com)
- of every TAM receptor (gray shading represents lower appearance levels in accordance with various other cell lines). (greatlakeshighereducationnow.com)
- Measuring calcium mobilization in single cells responding to superantigen, we found that human T cells expressing rat CD6 react significantly less well compared with T cells not expressing the exogenous receptor. (ox.ac.uk)
- Description: The RPA-T4 monoclonal antibody reacts with human CD4, a 59 kDa cell surface receptor expressed by a majority of thymocytes, subpopulation of mature T cells (T-helper cells) and in low levels on monocytes. (thermofisher.com)
- CD4 functions to initiate or augment the early phase of T-cell activation through its association with the T-cell receptor complex and protein tyrosine kinase, Lck. (thermofisher.com)
- T-cell antigen receptor-induced signaling requires both ZAP-70 and Lck protein-tyrosine kinases. (pasteur.fr)
- We have previously shown that after T-cell antigen receptor stimulation, Lck binds to ZAP-70 via its Src homology 2 (SH2) domain (LckSH2) and, more recently, that Tyr319 of ZAP-70 is phosphorylated in vivo and plays a positive regulatory role. (pasteur.fr)
- The cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) is a modulator of death receptor-mediated apoptosis and plays a major role in T- and B-cell homeostasis. (ashpublications.org)
- Likewise, lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPA 1 ) is implicated in cancer cell proliferation and migration. (biomedcentral.com)
- Stimulation of T cells through the T-cell receptor results in the activation of a series of signaling pathways that leads to the secretion of interleukin (IL)-2 and cell proliferation. (cdc.gov)
- The TNF-family member Receptor Activator of NF-kappaB (RANK) is known for its role in bone homeostasis and is increasingly recognized as a central player in immune regulation and epithelial cell activation. (cnrs.fr)
Apoptosis7
- Non-plasma membrane Kv1.3 voltage-gated potassium channels, particularly those localized to the inner mitochondrial membrane, is pro-survival in that inhibition of these channels enhances apoptosis of cancer cells. (fortunepublish.com)
- Agitoxin-expressing Jurkat cells demonstrated relative resistance to cytokine-induced apoptosis, whereas direct extracellular application of agitoxin, or control cells expressing EGFP alone, failed to demonstrate this cyto- protection. (fortunepublish.com)
- We concluded that the intracellular Kv1.3 served a pro-death role, and a selective inhibition of this target reduced lymphocyte apoptosis by cytokine stimulation as reported previously for Kv1.3-null cells. (fortunepublish.com)
- found that FWGE can promote apoptosis in different types of cancer cell lines such as SNU-5, MKN-45, SNU-620, SNU-1, and SNU-16. (hindawi.com)
- FWGE has significant antiproliferative effects and kills tumour cells by the induction of apoptosis via the caspase-poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase pathway [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
- They identified alterations in gene expression profiles unique to cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and T lymphocyte signaling/activation. (biomedcentral.com)
- Using a cell apoptosis assay based on stimulation of a RANK:Fas fusion protein, and a cellular NF-kappaB signaling assay, we showed that R12-31 was agonist for both species. (cnrs.fr)
Dendritic Cells7
- Method For immunopharmacological screening campaigns, we built an artificial miniature immune system in which dendritic cells (DCs) derived from immature precursors present MHC (major histocompatibility complex) class I-restricted antigen to a T-cell hybridoma that then secretes interleukin-2 (IL-2). (bmj.com)
- CD4 is primarily expressed in a subset of T-lymphocytes, also referred to as T helper cells, but may also be expressed by other cells in the immune system, such as monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. (thermofisher.com)
- CD40 is a 48 kDa type I transmembrane protein that is constitutively expressed on hematopoietic cells such as dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- CD40 is a 48 kDa type I transmembrane protein that is expressed on a wide range of hematopoietic (B cells, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells) and non-hematopoietic (activated epithelium, endothelium) cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- Much of our understanding of CD40/CD40L biology comes from the interaction between antigen presenting cells [CD40 expression on either dendritic cells (DC) or B cells] and CD40L-expressing T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- In addition, CD40+ monocytes, dendritic cells, and B cells are enriched at sites of chronic inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
- Both antibodies recognized human Langerhans cells, previously shown to express RANK, while dermal dendritic cells were poorly labeled. (cnrs.fr)
Receptors7
- Adoptive cell therapy using engineered T-cell receptors (TCRs) targeting cancer-testis antigens, such as Melanoma-associated antigen 3 (MAGE-A3), is a potential approach for the treatment of NSCLC. (thno.org)
- Chronic T-cell exhaustion is marked by the progressive upregulation of coinhibitory receptors, PD-1 being one of the most prominent, but also other coregulated receptors such as LAG-3 ( 4, 5 ). (aacrjournals.org)
- The [Ca2+]i in Jurkat T cells significantly decreased after treatment with heparin as an inhibitor of inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3 R), or procaine as an inhibitor of ryanodine receptors (RyR). (northwestern.edu)
- Their function is regulated by the activation of a number of activating and inhibitory receptors that bind to specific ligands expressed on the surface of target cells. (frontiersin.org)
- In particular, NK cells mediate their cytolytic function through the engagement of activating receptors, such as NKG2D, DNAM-1, NKp30, NKp46, and NKp44 ( 3 , 4 ), or following pro-inflammatory cytokine stimulation ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
- Dietary sugars trigger the production of insulin or insulin-like peptides which are sensed by Insulin receptors at the cell surface and initiate a kinase cascade, leading to the activation of the downstream kinase Akt (PKB), the translocation of GLUT4 glucose transporters to the cell surface, and ultimately glucose uptake. (biomedcentral.com)
- Extracellular stimuli that activate cell surface receptors modulate glucocorticoid actions via as yet unclear mechanisms. (rupress.org)
Flow Cytometry2
- Flow cytometry, western blot analysis of membrane proteins showed the competitive binding of RBL and CA 125 antibody for the same binding sites on SKOV3 and OVCAR3 cells. (bvsalud.org)
- Our scientists have developed a wide array of stem cell-focused reagents and resources for many applications including flow cytometry , western blotting , ELISAs , and recombinant proteins for cell differentiation. (biolegend.com)
Activation27
- We identified the HLA-A2 restricted T cell epitopes from MAGE-A3 that could effectively induce the activation and cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells using artificial APC in vitro . (thno.org)
- We have generated a high affinity and selective humanized monoclonal IgG4 antibody, TSR-033, which binds human LAG-3 and serves as a functional antagonist, enhancing in vitro T-cell activation both in mixed lymphocyte reactions and staphylococcal enterotoxin B-driven stimulation assays. (aacrjournals.org)
- In a humanized mouse non-small cell lung carcinoma model, TSR-033 boosted the antitumor efficacy of PD-1 monotherapy, with a concomitant increase in immune activation. (aacrjournals.org)
- Tumor persistence leads to sustained exposure of T cells to neoantigens-this results in repeated cycles of activation which culminate in a state of severe T-cell dysfunction or exhaustion, characterized by distinct epigenetic and transcriptional profiles ( 1-3 ). (aacrjournals.org)
- The activation, differentiation, and development of CD8+ T cells can be affected by numerous inflammatory cytokines, transcription factors, and chemokines. (frontiersin.org)
- The discovery of these modifications that contribute to the activation or suppression of CD8+ cells has been concurrent with the increasing evidence that CD8+ T cells play a role in autoimmunity. (frontiersin.org)
- In each of these diseases, genes that play a role in the proliferation or activation of CD8+ T cells have been found to be affected by epigenetic modifications. (frontiersin.org)
- These genes are involved in T cell regulation, including interferons, interleukin (IL),tumor necrosis factor (TNF), as well as linker for activation of T cells (LAT), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA4), and adapter proteins. (frontiersin.org)
- The activation, differentiation, and development of CD8+ T cells is accompanied by large-scale changes in the coordinated expression of numerous inflammatory cytokines, transcription factors (TFs) and chemokines that are correlated with their survival, effector function, and self-renewal ( 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
- In the 2D3, the precise TCR functional avidity of transduced TCRs is easily evaluable by the expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene driven by nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) activation via TCR signaling. (oncotarget.com)
- As seen in Fig. 6A, the results of PMA stimulation on JNK activation, as measured by changes while in the degree of phosphorylated JNK, were fairly modest in both the parental Jurkat cell popula tion as well as the latently HIV 1 infected CA5 T cells. (alkpathway.com)
- PMA led to c Jun, c Fos, and JunB activation within the latently HIV 1 infected CA5 T cells. (alkpathway.com)
- In cell coculture assays, ICOVIR-15K-cBiTE-mediated oncolysis resulted in robust T-cell activation, proliferation, and bystander cell-mediated cytotoxicity. (aacrjournals.org)
- This binding results in the activation of a large proportion of antigen-presenting cells and T cells, with subsequent release of high systemic levels of cytokines ( 12 - 15 ). (cdc.gov)
- The major cytokines released from antigen-presenting cells and T cells after activation by SAgs are tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), tumor necrosis factor beta (TNF-β), interleukin (IL)-1, and IL-2 ( 11 - 14 ). (cdc.gov)
- A) Validation of kinase-inactivating mutation: Erk1/2 phosphorylation (p-Erk1/2), an sign of Mer activation, is certainly improved in cells expressing WT, however, not kinase-dead, Mer carrying out a 10-minute Gas6 excitement. (greatlakeshighereducationnow.com)
- CD6 attenuates early and late signaling events, setting thresholds for T-cell activation. (ox.ac.uk)
- The T lineage glycoprotein CD6 is generally considered to be a costimulator of T-cell activation. (ox.ac.uk)
- Calcium responses, and also late indicators of T-cell activation such as IL-2 release, were also diminished in TCR-activated Jurkat cells expressing human CD6, compared with CD6-deficient cells or cells expressing a cytoplasmic deletion mutant of human CD6. (ox.ac.uk)
- Collectively, our findings indicate that Tyr319-mediated binding of the SH2 domain of Lck is crucial for ZAP-70 activation and consequently for the propagation of the signaling cascade leading to T-cell activation. (pasteur.fr)
- Engagement of CD40 by CD40L expressed on T cells results in the production of proinflammatory cytokines, induces T helper cell function, and promotes macrophage activation. (biomedcentral.com)
- Cell-cell interactions between antigen presenting cells and T cells provide bidirectional signaling that is critical for the activation, maturation, and effector function of both cell types. (biomedcentral.com)
- Disruption of this signaling pathway has the potential to reduce production of proinflammatory cytokines, reduce T helper cell function, and inhibit macrophage activation, making it a very attractive therapeutic target for patients with chronic inflammatory disease [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- 3,4-Dichloropropionanilide (DCPA) inhibits T-cell activation by altering the intracellular calcium concentration following store depletion. (cdc.gov)
- Influx of calcium (Ca2+) from the extracellular environment, following internal Ca2+ store depletion, provides the elevated and sustained intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+](i)) critical for optimal T-cell activation. (cdc.gov)
- Taken together, these data indicate that DCPA inhibits T-cell activation by altering Ca2+ homeostasis following store depletion. (cdc.gov)
- Following activation, NK cells mediate killing of target cells through two major pathways that require direct contact between NK cells and their target cells ( 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
Induces2
- RBL induces reproductive cell death, morphological changes, nuclear degradation and increased release of ROS in SKOV3 and OVCAR3 cells leading to cell death. (bvsalud.org)
- Overexpression of S1P4 in Jurkat T cells induces pertussis toxin-sensitive cell motility even in the absence of exogenously added S1P. (mdc-berlin.de)
Overexpression1
- In human CD4 + T cells, overexpression of NFAT1 and NFAT3 enhanced and suppressed IL-2 expression, respectively. (aai.org)
Stably2
- Raji-APC cells stably overexpressing an IC molecule (e.g. hPD-L1) are part of InvivoGen's anti-IC assay (Bio-IC™) . (invivogen.com)
- Mer appearance was dependant on confocal imaging of Jurkat cells stably expressing shRNA aimed against GFP (shControl, non-targeting control) or Mer (shMer1A) pursuing immunofluorescence staining for Mer, and WT Jurkat cells stained just with supplementary antibody (DyLight549) serve to show insufficient nonspecific binding. (greatlakeshighereducationnow.com)
Differentiation3
- Tax orchestrates multiple interactions with cellular transcription factors and activates transcription from the viral promoter and modulates the transcription or activity of numerous cellular genes involved in cell growth and differentiation, cell cycle control, and DNA repair [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- RUNX1 is also required for the differentiation of CD8+, Th17, and regulatory T cells. (biolegend.com)
- These findings revealed that RUNX1 acts as a tumor suppressor for myeloid leukemia and is crucial for the development and terminal differentiation of several blood cell lineages 2,3 . (biolegend.com)
Intracellular3
- In this study, Jurkat T cells were used to explore the possible mechanisms of PM2.5-elicited intracellular Ca2+signal responses. (northwestern.edu)
- We designed a lentivirus for intracellular expression of the Kv1.3-selective peptide toxin agitoxin and created a Jurkat lymphocyte cell line that constitutively expressed intracellular agitoxin to selectively inhibit intracellular Kv1.3. (fortunepublish.com)
- Treatment with FWGE (1-2%) significantly decreased the level of intracellular ROS compared to LPS-treated cells. (hindawi.com)
Binds4
- RESULTS: AHL strongly binds to HT-29 cells with a Mean Fluorescence Intensity of 12.4, which could be blocked by competing glycoprotein asialofetuin. (bvsalud.org)
- AHL inhibits HT-29 cell growth in a dose and time-dependent manner with IC50 of 2.5 µg/mL and differentially binds to human normal and cancerous tissues. (bvsalud.org)
- This Antibody was verified by Cell treatment to ensure that the antibody binds to the antigen stated. (thermofisher.com)
- Once the transcription factor binds to an enhancer region, this can cause stimulation or repression of gene transcription. (biolegend.com)
Proliferation3
- Analogous studies in a murine syngeneic tumor model using surrogate antibodies demonstrated significant synergy between LAG-3 and PD-1 blockade-combination treatment led to a marked improvement in therapeutic efficacy, increased T-cell proliferation, IFNγ production, and elicited durable immunologic memory upon tumor rechallenge. (aacrjournals.org)
- The evaluated functional avidity of these TCRs positively correlated with cell proliferation, cytokine production, and WT1-specific cytotoxicity of the TCR-transduced CD8 + T cells in response to WT1 antigen. (oncotarget.com)
- Potential effects of forced CD20 expression on T-cell function were investigated by comparing CD20- and mock-transduced cytomegalovirus (CMV) specific T cells for cytolysis, cytokine release and proliferation. (haematologica.org)
Vivo9
- The major breakthrough is the identification of a biomarker of HIV persistent cells in vivo. (europa.eu)
- Astemizole induced the production of IL-2 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) by CD4 + and CD8 + T cells both in vitro and in vivo. (bmj.com)
- Autoimmune side effects, however, remain a risk, emphasizing the relevance of a suicide mechanism allowing in vivo elimination of infused T cells. (haematologica.org)
- Adverse side effects, however, may occur and lead to severe autoimmunity or graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), emphasizing the relevance of a suicide mechanism that allows efficient in vivo elimination of infused T cells. (haematologica.org)
- Transfer of HSV-tk to DLI preserves the beneficial anti-tumor effect and allows in vivo elimination of donor T cells if severe GvHD occurs. (haematologica.org)
- Despite recent achievements of microfluidic 2D cell culture systems [9], they still do not address the fact that in vivo cells coexist in 3D communities that are influenced by spatial orientation of cells and cell-to-cell contact within the extracellular matrix [10]. (heraldopenaccess.us)
- Notably, intratumoral injection of this cBiTE-expressing adenovirus increased the persistence and accumulation of tumor-infiltrating T cells in vivo , compared with the parental virus lacking such effects. (aacrjournals.org)
- e Relationship between TLR2 or TLR4 appearance and percent of B7-H1-positive cells (Pearsons relationship) Appearance.Furthermore, both ligands activate or inhibit T cells in AML, based on their degree of appearance, which may be modified in vitro and in vivo simply by chemotherapy [18]. (memorial2014.com)
- In vivo R12-31 agonist activity was demonstrated by its ability to induce the formation of intestinal villous microfold cells in mice. (cnrs.fr)
Assays1
- More recent research applications include microchips for genomics, proteomics and cell-based assays. (heraldopenaccess.us)
Antibody6
- Target cells in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) or antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) , either with peripheral blood mononuclear cells, Natural Killer cells, or Jurkat-derived reporter T cells. (invivogen.com)
- Merged pictures of Mer (Immunoblot recognition of Mer in WT, shControl, and shMer1A Jurkat cells (using the same anti-MerTK antibody) acts as a guide for confocal pictures and demonstrates enough shRNA-mediated knockdown of AKT inhibitor VIII (AKTI-1/2) Mer. (greatlakeshighereducationnow.com)
- Applications Tested: This RPA-T4 antibody has been pre-titrated and tested by flow cytometric analysis of normal human peripheral blood cells. (thermofisher.com)
- A test is defined as the amount (µg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 µL. (thermofisher.com)
- The cells were fixed, permeabilized, blocked and then stained with primary antibody, and Alexa Fluor® 594 conjugated secondary IgG (Cat. (biolegend.com)
- Cells + Anti-S1PR3 (EDG3) (extracellular)-FITC Antibody (#ASR-013-F), (2.5 µg). (alomone.com)
Inhibit1
- This is supported by pharmacological targeting where the first-generation pan-BET bromodomain inhibitor JQ1(+) displays anti-inflammatory effects and inhibit tumor cell eradication, while the novel bivalent BET bromodomain inhibitor AZD5153, which shows differential activity towards BET family members, does not. (frontiersin.org)
Isotype control1
- Cells + rabbit IgG isotype control-FITC. (alomone.com)
Raji3
- Raji lymphoblast-like cells were established from a Burkitt lymphoma patient. (invivogen.com)
- We viewed B7-H1 appearance in a number of myeloid lines (U937, K562, KG1a, HL60, THP-1) and lymphoid lines (Raji, Jurkat). (memorial2014.com)
- a Stream cytometry evaluation of B7-H1 appearance in myeloid leukemic cell lines (LAMA-84, HL60, K562, U937, KG1a, THP-1) and lymphoid lines (Raji, Jurkat) with or without incubation with 500?IU/ml IFN- for 24?h. (memorial2014.com)
Regulation3
- In order to study the transcriptional regulation of IL32 in these cell lines, we cloned up to 10.5 kb of the 5′ upstream region of the human IL32 gene into a luciferase reporter vector. (biomedcentral.com)
- However, very little is known regarding the regulation of the gene activity in B cells, compared with T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- The capability of these cells to differentiate depends on the stem cell type, the regulation of gene expression by various transcription factors and interaction with the stem cell niche 1,4 . (biolegend.com)
Extracellular1
- The main advantage of hydrogels for microfluidic cell cultures, however, is their mimicry of extracellular matrix structures including adequate porosity for cellular organization, biocompatibility, and representative stiffness, all key parameters that promote native-like tissue function. (heraldopenaccess.us)
Vitro3
- In this study, we comprehensively screened HLA-A2 restricted MAGE-A3 tumor epitopes and characterized the corresponding TCRs using in vitro artificial antigen presentation cells (APC) system, single-cell transcriptome and TCR V(D)J sequencing, and machine-learning. (thno.org)
- We also evaluated the impact of proinflammatory molecules TNFα and IFNγ on IL32 expression and dedifferentiation in melanoma cell lines in vitro. (biomedcentral.com)
- The application of hydrogels as a matrix for 3-dimensional cell cultures has become an indispensable tool in tissue engineering, biotechnology and biomedical research due to the improved functionality and viability of the in vitro biological system. (heraldopenaccess.us)
Epithelial cells2
- To understand its role in pathogenesis, effect of PCL was evaluated on human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs). (bvsalud.org)
- In this study, the protective effect of a fermented wheat germ extract (FWGE) against LPS-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in IPEC-J2 porcine intestinal epithelial cells was studied. (hindawi.com)
Cytotoxicity1
- The lack of NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity was confirmed with K562 cells as goals. (memorial2014.com)
Lymphocyte2
- Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) is a well-established suicide gene that has been successfully used to control GvHD following donor lymphocyte infusions (DLI) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. (haematologica.org)
- Human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) is a complex retrovirus that causes adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and is implicated in a variety of lymphocyte-mediated disorders. (biomedcentral.com)
Immune14
- The combination of astemizole and oxaliplatin was able to cure the majority of mice bearing orthotopic non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC), then inducing a state of protective long-term immune memory. (bmj.com)
- However, systematic analysis of T cell immune responses to MAGE-A3 antigen and corresponding antigen-specific TCR is still lacking. (thno.org)
- Although immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) reinvigorates anti-tumor immune responses by disrupting co-inhibitory T-cell signaling, relapse frequently occurs after ICB treatment and acquired resistance often emergence after initial response [ 4 ]. (thno.org)
- Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in screening bioassays for new molecules, including mAbs, interfering with immune checkpoints . (invivogen.com)
- Autoimmune diseases are usually complex and multifactorial, characterized by aberrant production of autoreactive immune cells and/or autoantibodies against healthy cells and tissues. (frontiersin.org)
- Autoimmune diseases are complex diseases characterized by the loss of immunological tolerance to self-antigens and sustained aberrant immunological response against healthy cells and tissues, leading ultimately to the overproduction of autoreactive immune cells and/or autoantibodies ( 1 , 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
- Adaptive immune cells, including B and T cells, have been demonstrated to be primary contributors to the overactive immune response and overproduction of antibodies. (frontiersin.org)
- NF-κB is a transcription factor that plays a pivotal role in the highly specific pattern of gene expression observed for immune, inflammatory and acute phase response genes, including interleukin 1, interleukin 8, tumor necrosis factor and certain cell adhesion molecules. (justia.com)
- Echinacea is believed to stimulate the immune system by increasing the production of white blood cells and enhancing their activity. (eoil.co.za)
- The inducibility of B7-H1 appearance by TLR or IFN- ligands shows that several stimuli, either produced through the immune system response against leukemia cells or released by infectious microorganisms, could secure leukemic cells from T cells. (memorial2014.com)
- Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that play a pivotal role in the immune surveillance and elimination of transformed or virally infected cells. (frontiersin.org)
- Given the important role of both cytokine-mediated inflammatory microenvironment and cytolytic NK cell activities in immune-oncology therapies, our findings present a compelling argument for further clinical investigation. (frontiersin.org)
- Natural killer cells are cytolytic lymphocytes belonging to the innate immune system and are involved in anti-viral and anti-tumor responses ( 1 ) and are recognized as major players in immune-mediated anti-tumor therapies ( 2 ). (frontiersin.org)
- Moreover, NK cells are poised to release cytokines such as IFN- γ , TNF-α and growth factors that can initiate inflammatory responses mediated by both the innate and the adaptive arm of the immune system. (frontiersin.org)
NFAT2
- As a result of its increased ability to bind LckSH2, this mutant induced a dramatic increase in NFAT activity in Jurkat T-cells, was hyperphosphorylated, and displayed a higher catalytic activity compared with wild-type ZAP-70. (pasteur.fr)
- This alteration in [Ca2+](i), when exposed to DCPA, significantly reduces nuclear levels of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and IL-2 secretion. (cdc.gov)
Kinase1
- B) Like the results noticed with WT Mer, cells expressing kinase-dead Mer preferentially express the incomplete Mer glycoform after an 18-hour contact with 200 nM Gas6. (greatlakeshighereducationnow.com)
Lymphocytes5
- CD8+ T cells, also called cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), are one subtype of T cell ( 6 ), characterized by robust production of interferon (IFN)-γ and cytolytic activities via perforin (PRF)/granzymes (GZM) or Fas mechanisms to kill target cells ( 7 ). (frontiersin.org)
- Four different TCRs of HLA-A * 24:02-restricted Wilms' tumor gene 1 (WT1)-specific CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) were transduced into 2D3 cells and the functional avidities of these four TCRs were evaluated. (oncotarget.com)
- Adoptive immunotherapy using tumor-associated antigen (TAA)-specific CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and/or CD4 + helper T (Th) cells can induce the regression of large established tumor in not only mouse models but also cancer patients [ 1 - 3 ]. (oncotarget.com)
- Although human CD20 has previously been described as functional selection marker and suicide gene after retroviral transfer to T lymphocytes, 9 , 10 the specificities of these T cells were unknown, and therefore a potential effect of CD20 on antigen-specific T-cell functions could not be investigated. (haematologica.org)
- Despite the existence of a highly immunosuppressive tumor environment, adenovirus-infected cells can nonetheless be efficiently cleared by infiltrating cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) without compromising tumor burden. (aacrjournals.org)
Mammalian cells2
- Several major species of E2 enzymes have been characterized in mammalian cells, plants, and yeast. (justia.com)
- 8 ] demonstrated that gene expression in mammalian cells measured by RNA-seq follows a bimodal distribution of high and low expression genes, and suggested that the high-expression genes comprise the active, functional transcriptome of the cell. (biomedcentral.com)
Mononuclear cells1
- Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected from healthy donors after approval by the LUMC institutional review board and informed consent according to the Declaration of Helsinki. (haematologica.org)
Monocytes2
- Interleukin 32 (IL32) is produced by T cells, NK cells and monocytes/macrophages, but also by a subset of melanoma cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- Using a chemo-genetic approach, we identify BET bromodomain containing proteins BRD2 and BRD4 as central regulators of NK cell functions, including direct cytokine secretion, NK cell contact-dependent inflammatory cytokine secretion from monocytes as well as NK cell cytolytic functions. (frontiersin.org)
Genes5
- Single-cell transcriptome RNA sequencing coupled with functional T-cell proteomics analysis uncovers the top-upregulated genes that might be critical for the persistence of polyfunctional CAR-T cells in mice. (nature.com)
- In the tumor microenvironment, IL32 expression is highly correlated with genes related to T cell infiltration, and also positively correlates with high AXL/low MITF dedifferentiated gene signature. (biomedcentral.com)
- We show that a human cell's transcriptome can be divided into active genes carrying out the work of the cell and other genes that are likely the by-products of biological or experimental noise. (biomedcentral.com)
- The zFPKM normalization method accurately separates the biologically relevant genes in a cell, which are associated with active promoters, from the ultralow-expression noisy genes that have repressed promoters. (biomedcentral.com)
- The underphosphorylated, active form of Rb interacts directly with E2F1 , leading to cell cycle arrest, while the hyperphosphorylated form decouples from E2F1, thus promoting the transcription of genes promoting entry into the S phase. (biolegend.com)
Peripheral blood1
- B cells were isolated from tonsils, CLL blood and the control Daudi cell line cells, while T cells were obtained from normal peripheral blood (PB) and the control Jurkat cell line. (biomedcentral.com)
Human16
- The first-in-human testing of scFv-based B7-H3 CAR-T cells has shown antitumor response against anaplastic meningioma and childhood diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma without severe side effects 16 , 17 . (nature.com)
- We analyzed RNA sequencing data from 53 in-house established human melanoma cell lines and 479 melanoma tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. (biomedcentral.com)
- A significant proportion of established human melanoma cell lines express IL32, with its expression being highly correlated with a dedifferentiation genetic signature (high AXL/low MITF). (biomedcentral.com)
- However, the role of IL32 in human melanoma cells is less well understood. (biomedcentral.com)
- The human melanoma cell lines were established from patient biopsies. (biomedcentral.com)
- A N-glycan specific lectin from Rhizoctonia bataticola [RBL] was shown to induce growth inhibitory and apoptotic effect in human ovarian, colon and leukemic cells but mitogenic effect on normal PBMCs as reported earlier, revealing its clinical potential. (bvsalud.org)
- Hence, in the present study diagnostic and therapeutic potential of RBL was investigated using human ovarian epithelial cancer SKOV3 and OVCAR3 cells known for differentially expressing CA 125. (bvsalud.org)
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study is to study the interaction of AHL with human colon cancer epithelial HT-29 cells and colon cancer tissues. (bvsalud.org)
- T-cell clones were stimulated every 10-14 days with irradiated allogeneic PBMC and phyto-hemagglutinin in IMDM with 5% human serum (HS), 5% FBS and 100 IU/mL IL-2 as previously described. (haematologica.org)
- Combined treatment of FWGE and 5-fluorouracil or dacarbazine resulted in a synergistic effect in the HCR-25 human cancer cell line and B16 murine melanoma cell line [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
- 30 ] the authors used the Affymetrix U133A human gene chip to test the role of HTLV-1 p30 II as a regulator of gene expression in Jurkat T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
- Rb homeostasis is also essential for self-renewal and survival of human embryonic stem cells 10 . (biolegend.com)
- We observed that CXCR4 forms heteromers with LPA 1 in recombinant HEK293A cells and the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. (biomedcentral.com)
- Herein we report that DCPA attenuates the normal elevated and sustained [Ca2+](i) that follows internal store depletion in the human leukemic Jurkat T cell line and primary mouse T cells. (cdc.gov)
- nevertheless, its appearance in human cancers cell lines provides were modest. (memorial2014.com)
- 1998. Protection of human upper respiratory tract cell lines against sulphur mustard toxicity by hexamethylenetetramine (HMT). (cdc.gov)
Regulator2
- Rb , or retinoblastoma protein, is a key regulator of the cell cycle, particularly during the transition from the G1 to S phases. (biolegend.com)
- In contrast, knockdown of BRD4 but not of BRD2 impairs NK cell cytolytic responses, suggesting BRD4 as critical regulator of NK cell mediated tumor cell elimination. (frontiersin.org)
Mice3
- Here, we generate dromedary camel nanobodies targeting B7-H3 and demonstrate that CAR-T cells, based on the nanobodies recognizing the IgC but not IgV domain, had potent antitumour activity against large tumors in female mice. (nature.com)
- The most potent nanobody-based CAR-T cells show inhibition of large tumor xenografts in mice with rigorous T-cell signaling and significant T-cell infiltration into the tumor. (nature.com)
- RUNX1-deficient mice fail to generate hematopoietic stem cells. (biolegend.com)
Induce2
- In autoimmune diseases, these target cells killed by autoreactive CD8+ T cells can release numerous autoantigens to induce the overproduction of autoantibodies, and finally lead to the death of self-cells. (frontiersin.org)
- Donor T cells may also induce GvHD due to recognition of allo-antigens on non-malignant tissues of the patient. (haematologica.org)
Depletion2
- The NSCLC-eradicating effect of astemizole plus oxaliplatin was lost on depletion of either CD4 + or CD8 + T cells, as well as on neutralization of IFN-γ. (bmj.com)
- Exposure of Jurkat cells to either DCPA or 50 mu M 2-APB attenuated the increase in [Ca2+](i) following thapsigargin or anti-CD3 induced store depletion in a similar manner. (cdc.gov)
Mitochondrial1
- In both cell types, the biarsenical staining reagent FlAsH/Lumio Green accumulated in active mitochondria and led to mitochondrial swelling. (typeset.io)
Exposure1
- Both endogenous and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-fused Gβ2 and Gγ2 proteins were detected in the nucleus at baseline, whereas a fraction of EGFP-Gβ2 and DsRed2-GR comigrated to the nucleus or the plasma membrane, depending on the exposure of cells to dexamethasone or somatostatin, respectively. (rupress.org)
Transcription5
- Various cytokines, transcription factors, and other regulatory molecules have been found to be differentially methylated in CD8+ T cells in autoimmune diseases. (frontiersin.org)
- The binding sites of T-box transcription factor TBX5 and NK-2 transcription factor-related locus 5 Nkx2.5, which were expressed at higher levels in aortic smooth muscle cells than in T cells, were located within the −387 to +97 NFAT3 promoter region, exhibiting the maximum enhancer activity. (aai.org)
- Alternative exon 1 structures may initiate transcription of CD5 using two different promoters, one being operative in the resting B cells and the other in any T cells and B cells only when activated. (biomedcentral.com)
- Transcription factors have an important role in the ability of a cell to self-renew and also differentiate into most cell types, also known as pluripotency 1 . (biolegend.com)
- RUNX1 regulates CD4 gene transcription during multiple stages of T cell development and represses the CD4 gene in CD4-CD8- (double negative) T cells. (biolegend.com)
Surface2
- In Jurkat T cells, we obtained very similar benefits to the constitutive and induced expressions of cell surface markers. (alkpathway.com)
- GPCRs have been extensively studied as drug targets because they are involved in essential physiological processes and pathological conditions and have drug-accessible sites at the cell surface [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Demonstrate4
- In the present study, we demonstrate that B7-H3 CAR-T cells targeting the IgC domain are more active than those targeting the IgV domain in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and neuroblastoma (NB) mouse preclinical models. (nature.com)
- We demonstrate that the morphological characteristic of the nanowire substrate plays a subordinate role which opens up the arena for a large range of nanowire substrates in a functionalized application such as stimulation or sensing. (lu.se)
- Our findings demonstrate that PM2.5 stimulation to Jurkat T cells would result in an increase in [Ca2+]i, which is modulated by IP3 R and RyR, as well as CAM. (northwestern.edu)
- Here, we demonstrate that CD6 significantly reduces early and late T-cell responses upon superantigen stimulation or TCR triggering by Abs. (ox.ac.uk)
Biol1
- J Cell Biol (2005) 169 (6): 885-896. (rupress.org)
HeLa1
- We tested the tetracysteine-biarsenical labeling system in live cell fluorescence microscopy of reggie-1/flotillin-2 in HeLa and N2a cells. (typeset.io)
Investigate1
- Starting from single cell analysis using miniaturized flow cytometers [3] a variety of microfluidic devices have been developed for cell studies to investigate cell transport and cultivation in the absence and presence of concentration and temperature gradients or shear force conditions. (heraldopenaccess.us)
Parental1
- Conversely, CXCL12-induced calcium signaling and migration were increased in LPAR1 knockout cells, and LPA 1 -selective antagonists enhanced CXCL12-induced Gα i/o signaling and cell migration in the parental MDA-MB-231 cells but not in LPA 1 -deficient cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Melanoma cell2
- Non IL32-expressing differentiated melanoma cell lines exposed to TNFα or IFNγ can be induced to express the three predominant isoforms (α, β, γ) of IL32. (biomedcentral.com)
- Melanoma cell lines were treated with 1000 IU/mL TNFα and 100 IU/mL IFNγ (PeproTech US, Rocky Hill, NJ) for the indicated time points. (biomedcentral.com)
Calcium1
- Calcium (Ca2+) is a critical signaling molecule in a variety of cells. (northwestern.edu)
Proteins5
- Background Most immunotherapies approved for clinical use rely on the use of recombinant proteins and cell-based approaches, rendering their manufacturing expensive and logistics onerous. (bmj.com)
- Cell 75:495, 1993), and a series of unique E6-AP homologous proteins have been identified (Huibregtse et al. (justia.com)
- Prime candidates are the streptococcal superantigens (SAgs), a family of highly mitogenic proteins secreted individually or in certain combinations by many Streptococcus pyogenes strains ( 7 - 10 ), although other virulence factors, such as Streptolysin O and various cell wall antigens can also cause toxic shock ( 11 ). (cdc.gov)
- Recent advances in the field of small molecule labels for live cell imaging promise to overcome some of the limitations set by the size of fluorescent proteins. (typeset.io)
- Investigating the distribution and dynamics of proteins inside living cells by fluorescence microscopy has been greatly simplified by genetically encoded recombinant fusion proteins of green fluorescent protein and its variants (Lippincott-Schwartz et al. (typeset.io)
Peptide1
- peptide] complex, providing a cognate TCR stimulation on Jurkat-Lucia™ TCR-derived cells. (invivogen.com)
Epitopes1
- A cohort of HLA-A2+ NSCLC donors demonstrated that the number of epitope specific CD8+ T cells increased in NSCLC than healthy controls when measured with tetramer derived from the candidate MAGE-A3 epitopes, especially epitope Mp4 (MAGE-A3: 160-169, LVFGIELMEV). (thno.org)
Inhibition1
- Ultimately, complete inhibition of cell migration toward CXCL12 and alkyl-OMPT was only achieved in the presence of both CXCR4 and LPA 1 antagonists. (biomedcentral.com)
Antibodies2
- Historically, these cells have proven to be convenient target cells in studies assessing the effector functions mediated by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). (invivogen.com)
- In this study, we tested the hypothesis that tumor-infiltrating T cells could be more effectively activated and redirected by oncolytic adenoviruses that were armed with bispecific T-cell-engager (BiTE) antibodies. (aacrjournals.org)
Leukemic cell1
- Open up in another window Fig.?1 TLR and B7-H1 expression in leukemic cell lines and blast cells from AML. (memorial2014.com)
Activity4
- Both ikarugamycin and astemizole improved the anticancer activity of the immunogenic chemotherapeutic agent oxaliplatin in a T cell-dependent fashion. (bmj.com)
- Downregulation of NFAT3 expression in T cells is mediated by lower chromatin accessibility and enhancer activity in its promoter in comparison with aortic smooth muscle cells expressing endogenous NFAT3. (aai.org)
- TBX5 deficiency-mediated downregulation of NFAT3 is crucial for the high cytokine-producing activity of T cells. (aai.org)
- Finally, we examined efficiency of cytotoxic T-cell activity against blast cells. (memorial2014.com)
Adoptive3
- The aim of adoptive T-cell therapy of cancer is to selectively confer immunity against tumor cells. (haematologica.org)
- The data support the broad value of CD20 as safety switch in adoptive T-cell therapy. (haematologica.org)
- In this study, we investigated the use of CD20 as safety switch after retroviral transfer to T cells with different cytomegalovirus (CMV) specificities, and conclude that CD20 may be broadly applicable as safeguard in adoptive T-cell therapy. (haematologica.org)
Results1
- These results showed that 2D3 cell line was a novel and stable tool useful for the efficient and precise evaluation of the functional avidity of isolated and transduced TCRs in developing TCR-based immunotherapy. (oncotarget.com)
Line1
- Here, we show a novel platform cell line, named 2D3, which enables the functional avidity of transduced TCRs to be evaluated efficiently and precisely. (oncotarget.com)
Recognition2
- Importantly, T cells artificially expressing the MAGE-A3-Mp4 specific TCRs exhibited strong MAGE-A3+ tumor cell recognition and killing effect. (thno.org)
- Importantly, the CD5 5'-flanking region contains TATA and CAAT boxes, and recognition sites for Ikaros in the B cells, but not in T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Latently2
- HIV persistence may arise from ongoing residual virus replication and/or from latently-infected cells defined as the cellular reservoir in which long-lived resting memory CD4+ T cells harbouring an integrated but transcriptionally silent provirus represent the largest pool in the blood (Chomont et al. (europa.eu)
- 2013). However, treatment intensification will have no impact on long-lived latently infected cells. (europa.eu)
Cytokine production1
- We show that both BRD2 and BRD4 control inflammatory cytokine production in NK cells isolated from healthy volunteers and from rheumatoid arthritis patients. (frontiersin.org)
Tissues1
- The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
Secretion1
- cBiTE expression and secretion was detected in supernatants from ICOVIR-15K-cBiTE-infected cells, and the secreted BiTEs bound specifically to both CD3 + and EGFR + cells. (aacrjournals.org)
Gene expression1
- Microarrays are important tools to gain insight into changes in gene expression profiles of virus-infected cells. (biomedcentral.com)
Infiltration2
- These CAR-T cells are characterized by highly activated T cell signaling and significant tumor infiltration. (nature.com)
- In patients with cancer, high H1R1 expression correlated with low infiltration by TH1 cells, as well as with signs of T-cell exhaustion. (bmj.com)