LecithinCalled Acyl-CoA cholesterolEnzymeCholesterolGlycerol-3-Phosphate O-AFree sterolsDiacylglycerol acyltransferaseCholesterylACATRegulatoryMembrane-boundBiosynthesisTriacylglycerolFattyFormSOAT1LCATInhibitorNeutral sterol excretionFecal sterolAbsorptionProteinAcyl-CoAPrecursorEnzyme activityIntestinalBiochemicalActivityStudyFreeEliminationRoleAddition
Lecithin7
- Cholesteryl esters are generated at multiple sites in the body by sterol O-acyltransferase (SOAT) 1 or SOAT2 in various cell types and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase in plasma. (elsevierpure.com)
- Naturally occurring structural analogues of cholesterol were tested as substrates for lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase and cholesterol oxidase. (houstonmethodist.org)
- The analogue showed high structural and functional similarity to cholesterol by the following criteria: comparable limiting areas in surface monolayers, precipitability by digitonin, and reactivity as a substrate in the enzymic reaction catalyzed by lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase. (houstonmethodist.org)
- In particular, it stimulates cholesterol efflux from peripheral cells toward liver and activates the enzyme lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). (cnr.it)
- Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity and cholesterol esterification rate (CER), two measures of the efficiency of the esterification process, were reduced by 29% and 16%, respectively, in the plasma of AD patients. (biomedcentral.com)
- Among these factors, lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), the enzyme responsible of cholesterol esterification in plasma, plays a major role in HDL maturation [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- HDL particles that contain apoproteins A-I and A-II interact with other lipoproteins, particularly VLDL and LDL, through lipolysis and the action of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) enzyme. (medscape.com)
Called Acyl-CoA cholesterol1
- Sterol O-acyltransferase (also called Acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase, Acyl-CoA cholesterin acyltransferase[citation needed] or simply ACAT) is an intracellular protein located in the endoplasmic reticulum that forms cholesteryl esters from cholesterol. (wikipedia.org)
Enzyme3
- Sterol O-acyltransferase catalyzes the chemical reaction: acyl-CoA + cholesterol ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } CoA + cholesterol ester Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are acyl-CoA and cholesterol, whereas its two products are CoA and cholesteryl ester. (wikipedia.org)
- This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups, the membrane-bound O-acyltransferases. (wikipedia.org)
- When sterol O-acyltransferase 2, a cholesterol esterifying enzyme present in enterocytes and hepatocytes, is eliminated in NPC1-deficient mice, there is a reduction in their hepatomegaly, hepatic UC content, and cellular injury. (elsevierpure.com)
Cholesterol5
- Acyl-CoA cholesterol acyl transferase EC 2.3.1.26, more simply referred to as ACAT, also known as sterol O-acyltransferase (SOAT), belongs to the class of enzymes known as acyltransferases. (wikipedia.org)
- Sterol O-acylcoenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase 1 (SOAT1): a new predictive. (usp.br)
- Cholesterol that has been esterified by sterol O-acyltransferases at the ER membrane to cholesteryl esters (CHESTs) are stored in lipid particles present in the cytosol (Daugherty et al. (reactome.org)
- cholesterol acyltransferase ( EC 2.3.1.26 ) LPL, lipoprotein lipase (EC 3.1.1.34) 631st Meeting Guildford: 631st. (silverchair.com)
- cholesterol acyltransferase ( EC 2.3.1.26 ) 600th Meeting Oxford: 600th Meeting Held at the University of Oxford on 14, 15 and 16 July 1982 390 BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY. (silverchair.com)
Glycerol-3-Phosphate O-A1
- The biosynthesis of triacylglycerol is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and starts with glycerol 3-phosphate reacting with acyl-CoA through a glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase resulting in the release of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). (smpdb.ca)
Free sterols2
- A recent study shows that PSAT is involved in the regulation of the pool of free sterols and the amount of free sterol intermediates in the membranes. (wikipedia.org)
- Sterols may be found either as free sterols, acylated ( sterol esters ), alkylated ( steryl alkyl ethers ), sulfated ( sterol sulfate ), or linked to a glycoside moiety ( steryl glycosides) which can be itself acylated ( acylated sterol glycosides ). (gerli.com)
Diacylglycerol acyltransferase1
- Inhibition of triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis via diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) antisense oligonucleotides improves liver steatosis (Yamaguchi et al. (webmedcentral.com)
Cholesteryl1
- of cholesteryl ester formation when sterol is added as a tracer. (silverchair.com)
ACAT1
- In yeast, acyl-CoA:sterol acyltransferase (ASAT) is functionally equivalent to ACAT. (wikipedia.org)
Regulatory3
- In the neonatal liver, DNA methylation of the Gpam promoter, which is likely to be induced by Dnmt3b, inhibited recruitment of the lipogenic transcription factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), whereas in the adult, decreased DNA methylation resulted in active chromatin conformation, allowing recruitment of SREBP-1c. (nih.gov)
- 2007). Suppression of the genes, which are involved in lipogenesis (ATP-citrate lyase (ACL), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FAS), stearoyl-CoA-desaturase 1 or sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1(SREBP-1)), reduced proliferation and survival of hepatic carcinoma cells (Calvisi et al. (webmedcentral.com)
- We also found increased expression of genes regulating triglyceride synthesis (sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c, monoacylglycerol acyltransferases, and diacylglycerol acyltransferases) in db/db mice. (elsevierpure.com)
Membrane-bound1
- The deduced amino series regarding LsTAT1 revealed the phylogenetic romantic relationship (43% identity) together with that relating to sterol O-acyltransferase (AtSAT1) of Arabidopsis thaliana coupled with catalytic protein elements (Asn and his awesome) which can be typically preserved in membrane-bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT) household protein. (hormonessignaling.com)
Biosynthesis2
- Sterol biosynthesis is nearly ubiquitous among eukaryotes, it is almost completely absent in prokaryotes. (gerli.com)
- Sterols are derived from the same squalene precursor as hopanoids but, in marked contrast, they are known to have an oxygen-dependent biosynthesis beginning with the formation of the first intermediate, 2,3- oxidosqualene. (gerli.com)
Triacylglycerol1
- The diacylglycerol reacts in the endoplasmic reticulum with an acyl-CoA through a diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase resulting in the release of coenzyme A and a triacylglycerol. (smpdb.ca)
Fatty2
Form1
SOAT14
- 13. A phase 1 study of nevanimibe HCl, a novel adrenal-specific sterol O-acyltransferase 1 (SOAT1) inhibitor, in adrenocortical carcinoma. (nih.gov)
- Sterol-O-Acyl Transferase 1 (SOAT1), a key enzyme in the conversion of endoplasmic reticulum cholesterol to esters for storage in lipid droplets (LD), serves as a target for the orphan drug mitotane to treat adrenocortical carcinoma. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
- Our previous study has shown that the only significant metabolism of 7KCh in ARPE-19 cells is by esterification to membrane fatty acids catalyzed by sterol O-acyltransferase (SOAT1). (nih.gov)
- Sterol O-acyltransferase 1 (SOAT1, ACAT) is a novel target of steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1, NR5A1, Ad4BP) in the human adrenal. (cdc.gov)
LCAT2
- The LCAT gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). (medlineplus.gov)
- Altered activities of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated antioxidant enzyme paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and lipid transfer proteins, for example, cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), participating in lipoprotein remodeling seem to play important roles in obesity-related accelerated atherosclerosis. (unboundmedicine.com)
Inhibitor2
- 摘要: Objective To investigate the role of acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor (ACATI) in apoptosis induced by lipids and whether lipids-induced apoptosis is accompanied by increase of free cholesterol in endoplasmic reticulum (ER), in order to further understand the mechanism of lipids-induced apoptosis in advanced atherosclerosis. (cams.cn)
- Therefore, the present studies measured the expression of numerous genes and related metabolic parameters in the intestine and liver of ACAT2-deficient mice fed diets containing either added cholesterol or ezetimibe, a selective sterol absorption inhibitor. (elsevierpure.com)
Neutral sterol excretion1
- [ 161 ] In a small clinical study in 27 hyperlipidemic patients utilizing infusion of 13 C 2 -cholesterol after 6 weeks of treatment, ezetimibe significantly increased fecal neutral sterol excretion of plasma-derived cholesterol into fecal neutral sterols by 113% compared with placebo, but had no effect on fecal bile acids. (medscape.com)
Fecal sterol2
- 0.001) and also significantly increased fecal sterol excretion by 109 and 79%, respectively, while simvastatin had no effect on absorption rates. (medscape.com)
- The effect of deleting these genes, particularly acyl CoA:cholesterol acyl transferase 2 (ACAT2), on cholesterol absorption and fecal sterol excretion is well documented. (elsevierpure.com)
Absorption2
- [ 158 ] Recent studies in mice have shown that blocking NPC1L1 with ezetimibe and/or downregulation with a PPAR-δ agonist promotes fecal excretion of macrophage- and HDL-derived cholesterol by two- to six-fold while having no effect on fecal bile acids, possibly as a consequence of reduced cholesterol absorption in the small intestine and increased fecal free sterol excretion. (medscape.com)
- These agents inhibit sterol transporter at brush border and, consequently, intestinal absorption of cholesterol. (medscape.com)
Protein3
- Livers of glutathione-deficient rats had lower mRNA abundance of sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c (-47%), Spot (S)14 (-29%) and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT-2, -27%) and a lower enzyme activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS, -26%) than livers of the control rats. (biomedcentral.com)
- Sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c is a key transcription factor in controlling the mRNA expression of genes which determine lipogenesis [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the acyltransferase family. (nih.gov)
Acyl-CoA2
- Targeted deletion of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) (A2), especially in the liver, protects hyperlipidemic mice from diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis, whereas the deletion of ACAT1 (A1) is not as effective, suggesting ACAT2 may be the more appropriate target for treatment of atherosclerosis. (elsevierpure.com)
- Omega 3 acid agents inhibit acyl CoA:1,2-diacylglycerol acyltransferase. (medscape.com)
Precursor1
Enzyme activity1
- The involved functions are known as enzyme activity and acyltransferase activity. (cmdm.tw)
Intestinal1
- Esta enzima se ha localizado en las glándulas suprarrenales, las gónadas, el hígado, la mucosa intestinal y la aorta de muchas especies de mamíferos. (bvsalud.org)
Biochemical1
- Experiments made then, and later, revealed no local biochemical defects that explained this sterol accumulation. (nih.gov)
Activity1
- In addition to its acyltransferase activity, it may act as a ligase. (nih.gov)
Study1
- A recent study shows that PSAT is involved in the regulation of the pool of free sterols and the amount of free sterol intermediates in the membranes. (wikipedia.org)
Free1
Elimination2
- In reverse cholesterol transport, cholesterol in peripheral tissues is effluxed to HDL particles and ultimately returns to the liver where it is incorporated into VLDL, which is utilized to produce bile salts via 7-α-hydroxylase or excreted in the bile with the elimination of unabsorbed cholesterol as fecal sterols. (medscape.com)
- Plant sterols stimulate other cholesterol elimination mechanisms in the intestine. (botanical-online.com)
Role1
- From a health point of view, plant sterols (phytosterols and phytostanols) have a very important role for cardiovascular health since, usually consumed, they have a hypocholesterolemic effect . (botanical-online.com)
Addition1
- Cholesterol is a sterol of animal origin , which, in addition to other functions, is part of the membrane of all body cells. (botanical-online.com)