Stem cells embryonic expression patterns embryonic structures. Medical search. Frequent questions

NKX2.1 can be induced by activin A via SMAD2 signaling in a human embryonic stem cell differentiation model. (wikipedia.org)
The epithelial lining of these distal structures did not show evidence of differentiation into specialized cells. (wikipedia.org)
It has been observed that a loss of Nkx2-1 allows for deregulation of transcription factors FOXA1/2 (by relaxing histone deacetylation and methylation-mediated repression of Foxa1/2 by Nkx2-1) causing reactivation of an embryonic gastric differentiation program in pulmonary cells. (wikipedia.org)
Extensive reorganization of higher-order chromatin structure occurs during hESC differentiation. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, the decreased expression of the EZH2 gene is crucial for stem cell differentiation into specific cell lineages involved in myogenesis, adipogenesis, osteogenesis, neurogenesis, and haematopoiesis [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Physics & Astronomy Professor and Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute member Dr. Horacio Castillo and recent alumnus Dr. Sai Teja Pusuluri have developed a novel approach to characterize cell differentiation. (ohio-forum.com)
For decades, scientists have described the process of cell differentiation using the "epigenetic landscape" image, which visualizes a differentiating cell as a sphere that travels across a landscape and eventually settles into a "valley," representing a differentiated cell type. (ohio-forum.com)
According to Waddington's epigenetic landscape, cell differentiation is determined by the movement of a cell through a series of paths that lead to basins, representing its possible mature forms. (ohio-forum.com)
With this model, the group described how landscapes govern cell differentiation. (ohio-forum.com)
In the earliest stages of development, the physical properties of the microenvironment can direct cell differentiation, and initiate the coordinated movement of groups of cells to establish the patterns that will define how the body is arranged. (mechanobio.info)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show trilineage differentiation because these cells differentiate into osteocytes, chondrocytes and adipocytes. (nature.com)
Despite significant advances in understanding nephron segment patterning, many questions remain about the underlying genes and signaling pathways that orchestrate renal progenitor cell fate choices and regulate differentiation. (mdpi.com)
Our scientists have developed a wide array of stem cell-focused reagents and resources for many applications including flow cytometry , western blotting , ELISAs , and recombinant proteins for cell differentiation. (biolegend.com)
RUNX1 is also required for the differentiation of CD8+, Th17, and regulatory T cells. (biolegend.com)
These findings revealed that RUNX1 acts as a tumor suppressor for myeloid leukemia and is crucial for the development and terminal differentiation of several blood cell lineages 2,3 . (biolegend.com)
Pax6 serves as a regulator in the coordination and pattern formation required for differentiation and proliferation to successfully take place, ensuring that the processes of neurogenesis and oculogenesis are carried out successfully. (biolegend.com)
NAD-seq has been used to study the biological functions of NAD and the dynamics of NAD distribution during embryonic stem cell (ESC) differentiation. (umassmed.edu)
Our findings may have implications for research on liver differentiation from embryonic stem cells. (xenbase.org)
Ghasemi-Mobarakeh L, Prabhakaran MP, Tian L, Shamirzaei-Jeshvaghani E, Dehghani L, Ramakrishna S. Structural properties of scaffolds: Crucial parameters towards stem cells differentiation. (wjgnet.com)
Scaffolds play an important role in tissue engineering as a substrate that can mimic the native extracellular matrix and the properties of scaffolds have been shown to affect the cell behavior such as the cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation. (wjgnet.com)
2015) . Jarid2 methylation via the PRC2 complex regulates H3K27me3 deposition during cell differentiation . (sdbonline.org)
Jarid2 methylation is shown to be important to promote PRC2 activity at a locus devoid of H3K27me3 and for the correct deposition of this mark during cell differentiation. (sdbonline.org)
Akin to the normal hematopoietic system, leukemias are sustained by a small number of leukemia stem-like cells (LSC), which can be distinct from the normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) but also exhibit functional characteristics of self-renewal and (abnormal or hindered) differentiation, and are often quiescent ( 2 - 4 ). (frontiersin.org)
Homeostatic epidermal stem cell self-renewal is driven by local differentiation. (ucsf.edu)
In order to better understand the factors that regulate B cell differentiation upon exposure to antigen, we compares global gene expression profiles from naive B cells with antigen-specific plasma, germinal center, and memory B cells after immunization with the T-dependent antigen, NP-CGG. (omicsdi.org)
This was correlated with the appearance of CGG-specific B cells and their growth and differentiation to plasma cells. (omicsdi.org)
The same pattern was seen for the migration, growth, and differentiation of virgin hapten-specific B cells when CGG-primed mice were challenged with hapten protein. (omicsdi.org)
The present invention relates to methods of inducing differentiation of stem cells. (justia.com)
In particular, the invention relates to methods of inducing differentiation of embryonic stem cells into muscle cells or vascular endothelial cells. (justia.com)
The process of differentiation in stem cells involves selective development of immature cells to committed and fully mature cells of various lineages. (justia.com)
Differentiation of stem cells is known be triggered by various growth factors and regulatory molecules. (justia.com)
During differentiation the expression of stem cell specific genes and markers are often lost and cells acquire gene expression profiles of somatic cells or their precursors. (justia.com)
Whilst differentiation of some lineage specific stem cells can be induced with a degree of certainty, a differentiation outcome of a population of pluripotent stem cells is less predictable. (justia.com)
Placing the cells under conditions which induce specific cell types has been one form of an attempt to regulate the differentiation outcome. (justia.com)
These conditions include growing the cells to high or low density, changing media, introducing or removing cytokines, hormones and growth factors, creating an environment which suits differentiation toward a specific cell type, such as providing a suitable substrate. (justia.com)
Methods of inducing differentiation in stem cells and muscle cells produced therefrom may be used for the study of cellular and molecular biology of tissue development, for the discovery of genes and proteins such as differentiation factors that play a role in tissue development and regeneration. (justia.com)
The induction of cardiomyocyte differentiation in stem cells is especially useful in developing therapeutic methods and products for heart disease and abnormal heart conditions. (justia.com)
However, the molecular pathways that lead to specification and terminal differentiation of specific cell types, such as myocytes, from embryonic stem cells during development are not entirely clear. (justia.com)
Therefore there remains a need for providing effective methods of inducing differentiation of stem cells into specific cell types, such as myocytes or endothelial cells. (justia.com)
culturing a stem cell in the presence of an embryonic cell and/or extracellular medium of an embryonic cell, under conditions that induce differentiation of the stem cell. (justia.com)
The adult alae are commonly used as an indicator of hypodermal seam cell terminal differentiation. (wormatlas.org)
FGF-10 immunostaining could be related to cell proliferation in epithelium and cell differentiation in epithelium and ectomesenchyme. (bvsalud.org)

The stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA4) is com- isolate the NSCs from neonatal mice and rats (Campos monly used as a cell surface marker to identify the pluri- et al. (lu.se)
The stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA4) is brain. (lu.se)

Take an in vitro approach to human neural biomarker discovery and central nervous system (CNS) permeability with human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived organoids patterned to the choroid plexus, the specialized brain epithelium that forms the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. (stemcell.com)
Surprisingly, a Dnmt1 mutant construct lacking the CXXC domain formed covalent complexes with cytosine bases both in vitro and in vivo and rescued DNA methylation patterns in dnmt1−/− embryonic stem cells (ESCs) just as efficiently as wild type Dnmt1. (cipsm.de)
In this regard, tissue engineers have sought to leverage native mechanotransduction pathways to enhance in vitro stem cell. (biomedcentral.com)
Tissue engineering has developed many paradigms and techniques on how to best integrate cells and extracellular matrix to create in vitro structures that replicate native tissue. (biomedcentral.com)
Application of various small molecules and recombinant proteins to mouse embryonic stem cells at specific time points in vitro has enabled recapitulation of developmental cues with subsequent formation of inner ear organoids. (springer.com)
Binds to DNA tandem repeat sequences in both telomeres and euchromatin and in vitro binds DNA quadruplex structures. (arigobio.com)
The induction of a specific differentiated cell type can be useful for transplantation or drug screening and drug discovery in vitro. (justia.com)
In vitro experiments using NV virus-like particles (VLPs) directly showed NV VLP attachment to HBGA, resulting in VLP internalization into the cell ( 19 ). (cdc.gov)
From these critical studies, putative NV receptors were identified, and thus it was hypothesized that a successful in vitro cell culture system would most likely possess these receptors to support NV replication. (cdc.gov)

In the early embryonic development, abnormal expression of EZH2 impaired embryo growth and pluripotency maintenance [ 7 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
In pigs, several studies have focused on its function in early embryonic development regulation and in SCNT efficiency improvement [ 8 , 14 - 16 ]. (hindawi.com)
2006). The zinc finger transcription factor 191 is required for early embryonic development and cell proliferation. (geneticsmr.com)

Knowledge of the higher order chromatin structure is critical for understanding mechanisms of gene regulation by long-range control elements such as enhancers and insulators. (nih.gov)
We describe high resolution, genome-wide dynamic chromatin interaction maps in human embryonic stem cells (hESC) as they differentiate into four distinct embryonic cell lineages. (nih.gov)
In this process, topological domains remain largely intact but inter-domain association patterns change dramatically, coincident with widespread changes in chromatin state and gene expression. (nih.gov)
As one of the two distinct complexes, namely, Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) and PRC2, PRC2 mediates gene silencing by modulating chromatin structure [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
These data indicate that the majority of the genome derived from that of human embryonic stem cells shows a similar pattern in chromatin folding as compared to that of iPS cells derived from human B cells but that they differ from each other in a subset of genomic regions. (ca.gov)
Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that chromatin architectures play a role in regulating gene expression levels across topological domains while our targeted sequence approach represents a widely applicable methodology for high-resolution analysis of regional variation across candidate genomic loci. (biomedcentral.com)
Histone deacetylases (HDAC) reverse the acetylation of histone and nonhistone proteins and thereby modulate chromatin structure and function of nonhistone proteins. (aacrjournals.org)
Reversible acetylation of histone proteins is considered to affect local structure of chromatin. (aacrjournals.org)
Complex patterns of posttranslational modifications of chromatin including acetylation of histones establish combinatorial signals that are apparently interpreted by chromatin-binding proteins and the gene expression machinery to control transcriptional activity of individual genes. (aacrjournals.org)
Rb is directly involved in heterochromatin formation by maintaining chromatin structure and that of constitutive heterochromatin by stabilizing histone methylation. (biolegend.com)
Compared to earlier methods for assaying chromatin accessibility, ATAC-seq is faster and easier to perform, does not require cross-linking, has higher signal to noise ratio, and can be performed on small cell numbers. (umassmed.edu)
This protein is found to undergo cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation, which regulates its nuclear matrix and chromatin association, and suggests its involvement in the gene regulation at interphase and chromosomal segregation in mitosis. (arigobio.com)
These mutations have been shown to cause diverse changes in the pattern of DNA methylation, which may provide a link between chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, and gene expression in developmental processes. (arigobio.com)
May help stabilizing G-rich regions into regular chromatin structures by remodeling G4 DNA and incorporating H3.3-containing nucleosomes. (arigobio.com)
according (PubMed:24500201) is not sufficient to decrease chromatin condensation at telomers nor to increase expression of telomeric RNA in fibroblasts. (arigobio.com)
Acts as negative regulator of chromatin incorporation of transcriptionally repressive histone H2AFY, particularily at telomeres and the alpha-globin cluster in erythroleukemic cells. (arigobio.com)
Polycomb Group (PcG) proteins maintain transcriptional repression throughout development, mostly by regulating chromatin structure. (sdbonline.org)
Jumonji (JmjC) domain proteins (see Jarid2 ) influence gene expression and chromatin organization by way of histone demethylation, which provides a means to regulate the activity of genes across the genome. (sdbonline.org)
Epigenetic regulation refers to the multiple chemical modifications of DNA or DNA-associated proteins that alter chromatin structure and DNA accessibility in a heritable manner, without changing DNA sequence. (frontiersin.org)
Chromatin structure at a given site can differ between chromosome copies in a cell, and such imbalances in chromatin structure have been shown to be important in understanding the molecular mechanisms controlling several disease loci. (ed.ac.uk)

The proper methylation status of histones is essential for appropriate cell lineage and organogenesis. (hindawi.com)
By performing unbiased analyses of the m1A, m5C, m6A and m7G methylation of mRNA, we found that within the whole brain transcriptome, with the increase of the gene expression levels, the overall level of each of these four modifications on the related genes was also progressively increased. (biomedcentral.com)
However, it is still unknown whether hypoxia could affect the abundance of methylation modifications on mRNAs, which further affects the expression levels of these genes. (biomedcentral.com)
Using a statistically rigorous protocol, we investigated the genomic distribution of ASHM in hESCs, and their relationship to sites of allele-specific expression (ASE) and DNA methylation. (ed.ac.uk)

But going in the opposite direction, causing stem cells to differentiate into specialized body cells, not to mention form entire organs, has proved much more problematic. (disabled-world.com)
Stem cells differentiate into bone-forming osteoblasts, and mechanical stimulation is involved in this p. (biomedcentral.com)
Stem cells are unique due to their ability to limitlessly self-renew and differentiate into each cell type in the adult body. (biolegend.com)
The capability of these cells to differentiate depends on the stem cell type, the regulation of gene expression by various transcription factors and interaction with the stem cell niche 1,4 . (biolegend.com)
Transcription factors have an important role in the ability of a cell to self-renew and also differentiate into most cell types, also known as pluripotency 1 . (biolegend.com)
Generally, when a stem cell culture is induced to differentiate, the differentiated population is analysed for particular cell types by expression of genes, markers or phenotypic analysis. (justia.com)
In particular, the induction of stem cells to differentiate into muscle cells (myocytes) is useful for muscle transplantation and therapeutic purposes, as well as providing potential human disease models in culture (e.g. for testing pharmaceuticals). (justia.com)

As the major cell precursors in osteogenesis, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are indispensable for bone homeostasis and development. (nature.com)
But the new study reveals that it's also important in a group of brain stem cells - the precursors to mature neurons. (newswise.com)
Embryonic precursors of liver and heart , whilst not sharing cellular origin, develop in close proximity through a dynamic series of inductive signaling events. (xenbase.org)

Mutant embryonic fibroblasts fail to respond to insulin-like growth factor I (IGF) by the IGF-I-induced increase in cell number observed in wild-type cells. (aacrjournals.org)
2 Use of Primary Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts in. (mystrikingly.com)

Importantly, the embryo-like structures do not have full developmental potential. (eurekalert.org)
Maturing male germ cells undergo a unique developmental process in spermiogenesis that replaces nucleosomal histones with protamines, the process of which is critical for testicular development and male fertility. (bvsalud.org)
The developmental progression of embryonic stem cells into specialist cell types involves the activation of lineage-specific programs of gene expression and the silencing of genes involved in maintaining pluripotency. (ca.gov)
Understanding how embryonic cells biomolecularly restrict their early developmental potential and promote specific cell commitment helps to provide key insights on cancer plasticity and could improve fertilization protocols. (zeiss.com)
Developmental Cell 47, 697-710.e3. (ucsf.edu)

Chen W, Jongkamonwiwat N, Abbas L et al (2012) Restoration of auditory evodked responses by human ES-cell-derived otic progenitors. (springer.com)
2009). Zinc finger protein 191 (ZNF191/Zfp191) is necessary to maintain neural cells as cycling progenitors. (geneticsmr.com)

NKX2.1 is key to the fetal development of lung structures. (wikipedia.org)
Stem Cells and Development. (wikipedia.org)
Thus, we provide a reference dataset describing the expression patterns of RPRM gene products during zebrafish and mouse development as a first step to approach the physiological role of the RPRM gene family. (frontiersin.org)
Importantly, a precise temporal description of RPRM protein expression during the development of neuronal structures is still missing. (frontiersin.org)
Herein we examine the temporal and spatial expression patterns of RPRM gene-products (mRNA and protein) during neural development. (frontiersin.org)
EZH2, a methyltransferase catalyzing H3K27me3, has been abundantly studied in human and mouse embryonic development. (hindawi.com)
These results validated a different transcript in pigs and characterized its expression profile in fetal tissues of different gestation stages, which indicated that EZH2 played important roles during porcine embryonic development. (hindawi.com)
Thus, the appropriate expression level of the EZH2 gene is important for embryonic development. (hindawi.com)
However, the transcript and expression status of the EZH2 gene during porcine embryonic development remains unknown. (hindawi.com)
Subsequently, we detected the expression of EZH2 on mRNA level and protein level in two different embryonic development stages (65-dpc and 90-dpc) via qRT-PCR and western blots. (hindawi.com)
Our study is aimed at providing information for understanding the biological function of EZH2 in porcine embryonic development. (hindawi.com)
Because monkeys are closely related to humans evolutionarily, we hope the study of these models will deepen our understanding of human embryonic development, including shedding light on some of the causes of early miscarriages. (eurekalert.org)
Further application of monkey blastoids can help to dissect the molecular mechanisms of primate embryonic development. (eurekalert.org)
This work was supported the National Key Research and Development Program of China, Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project, the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Basic Frontier Scientific Research Program of CAS, the Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Innovation Fund, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, the Startup Fund, and the Dushi Special Fund at School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University. (eurekalert.org)
In organisms that reproduce sexually, embryonic development is the part of the life cycle that begins just after the fertilization of the female egg cell by the male sperm cell. (disabled-world.com)
An egg meets a sperm - a necessary first step in life's beginnings and a common first step in embryonic development research. (disabled-world.com)
Cardiac specification occurs very early on during embryonic development. (mechanobio.info)
For instance, in mouse embryos this occurs as early as day 6.5 post fertilization and involves the development of a population of cardiac precursor cells in the lateral posterior epiblast just prior to formation of the primitive streak - a structure which marks the beginning of gastrulation. (mechanobio.info)
During development, the nuclear translocation of β-catenin, a transcriptional cofactor in the Wnt signaling pathway, is controlled by the extent of cell-cell contacts formed between cells. (mechanobio.info)
In addition to providing biomechanical support to the islets, ECM components are required for β-cell development, proliferation, survival, and proper insulin secretion. (nature.com)
This series covers biophysical regulation of stem cell fate and function in the context of tissue development. (biomedcentral.com)
Invariant left-right (LR) patterning or chirality is critical for embryonic development. (biomedcentral.com)
Bone is a load-bearing tissue and physical forces play key roles in the development and maintenance of its structure. (biomedcentral.com)
Cell-surface molecules that exhibit lineage-restricted patterns of expression during EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. (uams.edu)
During embryonic development, the protein plays a broad role in controlling the activity of many other genes related to blood, lung, heart, brain and spinal cord development. (newswise.com)
When mice lacked Foxp1, however, there were fewer apical radial glia at early stages of brain development, as well as fewer of the deep brain cells they normally produce. (newswise.com)
When levels of Foxp1 were above normal, the researchers observed more apical radial glia and an excess of those deep brain cells that appear early in development. (newswise.com)
In addition, continued high levels of Foxp1 at later stages of embryonic development led to unusual patterns of apical radial glia production of deep-layer neurons even after the mice were born. (newswise.com)
To assess the role of an individual HDAC isoenzyme in physiology and tumor development, HDAC2-mutant mice were generated from a gene trap embryonic stem cell clone. (aacrjournals.org)
RUNX1 regulates CD4 gene transcription during multiple stages of T cell development and represses the CD4 gene in CD4-CD8- (double negative) T cells. (biolegend.com)
Pax6 is a transcription factor present during embryonic development. (biolegend.com)
Within the brain, the protein is involved in the development of specialized cells that process smell. (biolegend.com)
Pax-6 acts as a critical gene for the development of eyes and other sensory organs, certain neural and epidermal tissues as well as other homologous structures, usually derived from ectodermal tissues. (biolegend.com)
The volumetric analysis of cellular expression patterns provides evidence for molecular mechanisms regulating the development of pre-implantation mouse embryos. (zeiss.com)
I've studied brain development in mice and stem cells in Drosophila. (ncbs.res.in)
Within the backdrop of embryogenesis, inner ear development follows an intricate pathway of signaling cues and morphological changes, leading to its complex final three-dimensional (3D) structure. (springer.com)
Working with Dr. Nathan Palpant's lab, she will investigate the stages of asymmetric patterning that occur in the first stages of embryonic development. (uw.edu)
To gain further understanding of cardiovascular development, she will further develop a microfluidic system to pattern anterior-posterior and left-right axes in populations of human pluriopotent stem cells. (uw.edu)
She plans to use the microfluidic system to generate cell populations that replicate the stages of tissue development that precede the formation of a functioning human heart. (uw.edu)
2008). Expression of the transcription factor Zfp191 during embryonic development in the mouse. (geneticsmr.com)
Odontogenesis is the result of a manifestation of an polygenic system, in which the development genes manifest themselves in a sequential, cyclic pattern 1-2 . (bvsalud.org)
2005). Finally, negative revealed that SSEA4 is detectable in the early neuroepi- selection strategies have been also developed as an alter- thelium, and its expression decreases as development native method to enrich for NSCs from both adult proceeds. (lu.se)
I also describe the development of a novel behavioural task that is predictive of mesDA neuron cell loss in mice. (lu.se)
The lack of an efficient cell culture system in which to study NoV infections has hindered development of antiviral drugs to control or limit NoV outbreaks ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)

RUNX1-deficient mice fail to generate hematopoietic stem cells. (biolegend.com)
The memory B cell-enriched transcripts were then compared with memory T cell-enriched and hematopoietic stem cell-enriched transcripts in order to generate a transcriptional profile of self-renewal within the hematopoietic system. (omicsdi.org)
1999). Molecular cloning of six novel Kruppel-like zinc finger genes from hematopoietic cells and identification of a novel transregulatory domain KRNB. (geneticsmr.com)

Compartmentalization of dJmj in nucleolus together with some of PcG may be necessary to de-repress the expression of genes required to cellular growth and proliferation in the following meiotic divisions. (sdbonline.org)
Berberine inhibited the proliferation of mouse spleen cells induced by T- ... Kahn HD et al. (mystrikingly.com)

These factors induced the stem cells to form embryo-like structures for the first time using non-human primate cells. (eurekalert.org)
The human body is home to more than 200 different types of cells, each performing a unique function. (ohio-forum.com)
Finally, we show that reduced testicular expression of BAF-L represents a risk factor of human male infertility. (bvsalud.org)
Thus, human endocrine cells are not in direct contact with the vascular BM components but with the invaginated peri-islet membrane. (nature.com)
During the past year we have identified the folding patterns of human embryonic stem cells to iPS cells derived from human B cells. (ca.gov)
Briefly, iPS cells derived from human B cells were generated as follows. (ca.gov)
Human B cells were isolated from human cord blood and transduced with viral vectors expressing Oct4, Sox2, KLF4 and c-Myc. (ca.gov)
Next the interactome of the iPS cells was determined and compared to that of human embryonic stem cells. (ca.gov)
Using an ensemble of computational strategies we found that the majority of genomic regions in iPS cells derived from human B cells was indistinguishable from that of human embryonic stem cells. (ca.gov)
Specifically, we found that approximately 700 genomic regions located throughout the genome showed differential nuclear positioning upon comparing iPS cells derived from human lymphoid cells to that of human embryonic stem cells. (ca.gov)
Here, we extended the approach to describe the genome topologies of differentiated human lymphoid and myeloid cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. (ca.gov)
Specifically, we have generated differentiated human myeloid and DP thymocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS). (ca.gov)
We found that a large fraction of genes were differentially localized in human thymocytes derived from embryonic stem cells versus human myeloid cells. (ca.gov)
We plan to scale up the in situ HiC described here to chart the 3D-genomes of human lymphoid and myeloid cells in order to more to determine genomic regions that are differentially localized in the heterochromatic versus euchromatic compartments. (ca.gov)
We also would aim to describe in detail the 3D-architecture of lymphoid and myeloid genomes that are derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. (ca.gov)
During the past three years we have identified the folding patterns of human embryonic stem cells to iPS cells derived from human B cells, differentiated progeny and mechanisms that orchestrate the folding patterns of genomes. (ca.gov)
The researchers also examined human brain tissue and discovered that Foxp1 is present not only in apical radial glia, as was seen in mice, but also in a second group of neural stem cells called basal radial glia. (newswise.com)
Rb homeostasis is also essential for self-renewal and survival of human embryonic stem cells 10 . (biolegend.com)
My doctoral work aimed to unravel the mechanisms behind different pluripotency states in mouse, dog and human and their evolutionary significance using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as models. (ncbs.res.in)
Chambers S, Fasano C, Papapetrou E (2009) Highly efficient neural conversion of human ES and iPS cells by dual inhibition of SMAD signaling. (springer.com)
Ding Q, Regan S, Xia Y, Oostrom L, Cowan C, Musunuru K (2013) Enhanced efficiency of human pluripotent stem cell genome editing through replacing TALENs with CRISPRs. (springer.com)
The aim of this study was to investigate the extent and characteristics of sites of ASHM in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). (ed.ac.uk)
These results demonstrate the potential importance of ASHM patterns in the interpretation of disease loci, and the protocol described provides a basis for similar studies of ASHM in other cell types to further our understanding of human disease susceptibility. (ed.ac.uk)
A comparison of senescence in mouse and human cells. (mystrikingly.com)
Patterning Mouse and Human Embryonic Stem Cells using Micro-Contact Printing. (mystrikingly.com)
2005). Notch1 and syndecan-1 potent human embryonic stem (ES) cells. (lu.se)
Immunohisto- have been used for positive selection of NSCs from em- chemistry on human embryonic central nervous system bryonic mice (Nagato et al. (lu.se)
CD133+), but are rarely codetected with the neural stem dents, very few human-specific NSC markers have been cell (NSC) marker CD15. (lu.se)
Use of human fetal tissue raises several ethical issues, but are there alternative cell sources that can substitute effectively? (lu.se)
A potentially pre-clinical aspect of this thesis is detailed in paper №4 where I describe a robust protocol for the generation of functional mesDA neurons from human embryonic stem cells that are functional in a rat model of PD. (lu.se)

Furthermore, distal lung structures do not develop in these knockout mice. (wikipedia.org)
Branching of the lungs in these mice did not occur past the main-stem bronchi, resulting in lungs that were smaller in size by about 50% compared to the wild-type mice. (wikipedia.org)
So far, the expression pattern and the function of EZH2 have been broadly studied in humans [ 11 ] and mice [ 12 , 13 ]. (hindawi.com)
But in a Weizmann Institute of Science study published today in Cell , researchers have grown synthetic embryo models of mice outside the womb by starting solely with stem cells cultured in a petri dish - that is, without using fertilized eggs. (disabled-world.com)
These data collectively demonstrate altered TGFB1 regulated inflammatory, fibrosis, and cell cycle pathways in flexor tendon repair in MRL mice, and could give cues to improved tendon healing. (bvsalud.org)
What we saw was that both too much and too little Foxp1 affects the ability of neural stem cells to replicate and form certain neurons in a specific sequence in mice," Novitch said. (newswise.com)
However, when Novitch's team elevated Foxp1 function in the brains of mice, cells resembling basal radial glia were formed. (newswise.com)

In the zebrafish, rprma mRNA is expressed in the olfactory placodes (OP) and olfactory epithelium (OE), rprmb is observed in the tectum opticum (TeO) and trigeminal ganglion (Tg), whereas rprml is found primarily in the telencephalon (Tel). At protein level, RPRM is present in a subset of cells in the OP, and neurons in the OE, TeO, hindbrain and sensory peripheral structures. (frontiersin.org)
In the spinal cord, expression of ZFYVE27 was primarily in the cell bodies of motor neurons and to lesser extent in the somatosensory neurons. (hsp-info.de)
The predominant expression of ZFYVE27 in the motor neurons highlights its role in neurodegenerative disease. (hsp-info.de)
Almost all of the attention has been placed on the expression of Foxp1 in neurons that are already formed," said Novitch, a UCLA professor of neurobiology who holds the Ethel Scheibel Chair in Neuroscience. (newswise.com)
The inner ear contains sensory epithelia composed of mechanosensitive hair cells, supporting cells, and sensory neurons that work in concert to detect sound and positional information and transmit those signals to the brain. (springer.com)
These organoids contain functional mechanosensitive hair cells, supporting cells, and sensory neurons, which phenocopy functional components of the inner ear responsible for detection of positional information. (springer.com)
CRT aims to replace neurons that have degenerated in PD, with donor cells that have the potential to functionally re-integrate into the host circuitry. (lu.se)
This involves transplantation of developing midbrain cells from aborted fetuses, (the part that form mesDA neurons), into the striatum of a PD patient. (lu.se)

They show promise as a prevention strategy because they can generate high expression of a gene product like an antigen or therapeutic protein with a low initial dose. (uw.edu)
Immunoglobulin switch transcript production in vivo related to the site and time of antigen-specific B cell activation. (omicsdi.org)
Within 12 h of secondary immunization, antigen-specific memory B cells appeared in the outer I zone and by 24 h entered S phase, presumably as a result of cognate interaction with primed T cells. (omicsdi.org)
VC 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. a glycolipid antigen with globo-series carbohydrate core structures (Kannagi et al. (lu.se)

Basic patterns of hormones & early embryonic stages There have been few markers for ovulation & the first 10 post-ovulatory days. (slideserve.com)
Between the L2 and L4 stages, most seam-cell divisions generate an anterior daughter cell that fuses with hyp 7 and a posterior daughter cell that continues to divide until the last molt between L4 and adult stages (see HypFIG 1 ). (wormatlas.org)

Christophorou N, Mende M, Lleras-Forero L, Grocott T, Streit A (2010) Pax2 coordinates epithelial morphogenesis and cell fate in the inner ear. (springer.com)
We illustrate where such mechanisms of pattern formation arise in biological systems from cellular to tissue scales, with an emphasis on morphogenesis. (mpi-cbg.de)

The allelic gene expression patterns can be correlated to epigenetic state at distal enhancers, supporting the role of these elements in regulating gene expression over a distance. (nih.gov)
Moreover, zebrafish is very well-suited for systematic analysis of gene expression patterns at transcript level by whole-mount in situ hybridization (WISH), and at protein level by immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence (IHC/IF). (frontiersin.org)
Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that the different types of cells found within the structures had similar gene expression patterns to cells found in natural blastocysts or post-implantation embryos. (eurekalert.org)
The group is now characterizing the correlation structure of gene expression patterns among different cell types. (ohio-forum.com)

Although many related studies have been performed, differences in cell lines, experimental conditions and downstream mechanisms have generally resulted in contradictory findings. (nature.com)
It includes the possible stem cell therapy mechanisms involved and outcomes recorded so far, the limitations of using these regenerative medicines, and the progressive improvement in stem cell therapy by adopting approaches like PiggyBac, Sleeping Beauty, and the Sendai virus. (biomedcentral.com)
Our goal is to convey a picture of pattern formation that draws attention to the principles rather than solely to specific molecular mechanisms. (mpi-cbg.de)

To date, a lot of EZH2 variants have been found in various cell and tissue types [ 18 - 20 ]. (hindawi.com)
Until now, in most studies, the specialized cells were often either hard to produce or aberrant, and they tended to form a mishmash instead of well-structured tissue suitable for transplantation. (disabled-world.com)
Immunohistochemical studies tissue sections from various subdivisions of the brain revealed that ZFYVE27 localize in the neuronal cell bodies as well as in the axons of hippocampus, cerebellum and corpus callosum. (hsp-info.de)
With a three-dimensional tissue structure and functional barrier epithelium, you'll achieve unprecedented access and control in studying CNS permeability for drug distribution studies, as well as for production and extraction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). (stemcell.com)
IMs are found in the space between the tissue stroma cells and contain, among other components, fibrillar collagens and fibronectin. (nature.com)
Advances in the fields of stem cell biology, biomaterials, and tissue engineering over the last decades have brought the possibility of constructing tissue substitutes with a broad range of applications in reg. (biomedcentral.com)
Three AC/AE examples are shown demonstrating adjacent expression domains of myl7 in the AC-derived tissue and nr1h5 in the AE-derived component of the explant (12/12 specimens showed the same pattern). (xenbase.org)
Stem cells have attracted much interest in tissue engineering as a cell source due to their ability to proliferate in an undifferentiated state for prolonged time and capability of differentiating to different cell types after induction. (wjgnet.com)
Mariano García Arranz has the following conflict of interest: MGA is inventor on 2 patents entitled "Identification and isolation of multipotent cells from non-osteochondral mesenchymal tissue" (10157355957US) and "Use of adipose tissue-derived stromal stem cells in treating fistula" (US11/167061). (wjgnet.com)
Bouchard M, Andersson E, Novitch B, Muhr J (2004) Tissue-specific expression of cre recombinase from the Pax8 locus. (springer.com)
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are derived from the embryo and are pluripotent, thus possessing the capability of developing into any organ, cell type or tissue type. (justia.com)
Through understanding functional recovery in terms of neuronal subtype and connectivity, the work presented in this thesis aims to bring the prospect of CRT closer to the clinic, I also describe the generation of a very promising alternative cell source that could rival fetal tissue. (lu.se)

Shane Grealish: Cell Replacement Therapy for Parkinson's Disease: The Importance of Neuronal Subtype, Cell Source and Connectivity for Functional Recovery. (lu.se)
The aim of this thesis was to understand how particular factors such as neuronal content, placement and cell source, affect functional outcome after transplantation into the rodent brain. (lu.se)

In the new study published in Cell Reports, he and his colleagues monitored levels of Foxp1 in the brains of developing mouse embryos. (newswise.com)
To determine which cells are expressing specific cellular markers and how these cells are organized relative to each other requires volumetric imaging of the pre-implantation embryos by confocal microscopy. (zeiss.com)
AC/AE conjugates (sandwiches) were cultured until sibling control embryos reached st. 34 and were processed for myl7 expression (turquoise) and nr1h5 (purple) by WMISH. (xenbase.org)
Patterns are ubiquitous in living systems and underlie the dynamic organization of cells, tissues, and embryos. (mpi-cbg.de)

Geometrical confinement controls the asymmetric patterning of brachyury in cultures of pluripotent cells. (ucsf.edu)

In a paper published April 6 in the journal Cell Stem Cell , a team of investigators from China report for the first time the creation of embryo-like structures from monkey embryonic stem cells. (eurekalert.org)
The investigators also transferred these embryo-like structures into the uteruses of female monkeys and determined that the structures were able to implant and elicit a hormonal response similar to pregnancy. (eurekalert.org)
When studied under a microscope, the embryo-like structures, also called blastoids, were found to have similar morphology to natural blastocysts. (eurekalert.org)
In future work, the investigators plan to focus on further developing the system of culturing embryo-like structures from monkey cells. (eurekalert.org)
The researchers acknowledge the ethical concerns surrounding this type of research but emphasize that there are still many differences between these embryo-like structures and natural blastocysts. (eurekalert.org)
Self-assembly of embryonic and two extra-embryonic stem cell types into gastrulating embryo-like structures. (ucsf.edu)

RNA-seq analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes in the C57 healing tendon at 7 days post injury were functionally linked to fibrosis, immune system signaling and extracellular matrix (ECM) organization, while the differentially expressed genes in the MRL injured tendon were dominated by cell cycle pathways. (bvsalud.org)
MRL tendons exhibited of cell cycle regulatory genes, with negative enrichment of the cell senescence-related regulators, compared to the positively-enriched inflammatory and fibrotic (ECM organization) pathways in the C57 tendons. (bvsalud.org)
J. Liu , Yang, X. Y. , and Shi, W. J. , " Identifying differentially expressed genes and pathways in two types of non-small cell lung cancer: adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma " , vol. 13, pp. 95-102, 2014. (geneticsmr.com)

They constructed a spin-glass model, which fits specific patterns of gene expression to a discrete cell type. (ohio-forum.com)
These findings were important since they provide new insights as to how such regulatory elements find each other with great speed, selectivity and specificity to induce lineage specific patterns of gene expression both in embryonic stem cells and differentiated progeny. (ca.gov)

The self-renewal and proliferative nature of stem cells raised the hope to fight against various diseases. (biomedcentral.com)

Here, we identified the coding sequence of the EZH2 gene and characterized its expression pattern in fetal tissues of Duroc pigs at 65- and 90-day postcoitus (dpc). (hindawi.com)
EZH2 was ubiquitously expressed in the fetal tissues of two time points with different expression levels. (hindawi.com)
The method opens new vistas for studying how stem cells self-organize into organs and may help produce transplantable tissues in the future. (disabled-world.com)
A comprehensive expression analysis of ZFYVE27 in the total protein extract isolated from various tissues of mouse revealed a high level of expression primarily in the HSP affected tissues such as the brain, cerebellum and spinal cord. (hsp-info.de)
In a similar study, Shirane and Nakayama also reported high expression of ZFYVE27 (Protrudin) in the CNS and a weaker expression in some other tissues 2 . (hsp-info.de)
Stem cells reside within most tissues throughout the lifetimes of mammalian organisms. (biomedcentral.com)
Ahrens K, Schlosser G (2005) Tissues and signals involved in the induction of placodal Six1 expression in Xenopus laevis . (springer.com)
Mechanochemical Principles of Spatial and Temporal Patterns in Cells and Tissues. (mpi-cbg.de)

They found that, in normally developing animals, the gene was active far earlier than previous studies have indicated - during the period when neural stem cells known as apical radial glia were just beginning to expand in numbers and generate a subset of brain cells found deep within the developing brain. (newswise.com)

Examination of gene expression in st. 43 AC/AE explants by RT-PCR reveals expression of liver (fabp1), intestine (fabp2), pancreas (pdia2 and pdx1 , but not ins and amy2a), thyroid/lung (nkx2-1) as well as ventricular cardiomyocyte (myl3) markers. (xenbase.org)
Crystal structure of a zinc-finger-RNA complex reveals two modes of molecular recognition. (geneticsmr.com)

Nature Cell Biology 20, 979-989. (ucsf.edu)

Two biological replicates of Hi-C experiment and one replicate of CTCF ChIP-Seq experiment in embryonic stem cells and 4 other differentiated cell-types from H1 cell line. (nih.gov)

2007). Repression of vascular endothelial growth factor expression by the zinc finger transcription factor ZNF24. (geneticsmr.com)

Since identification of EZH2 in the research of protooncogene product Vav [ 3 ], studies have shown that EZH2 is highly expressed in tumorigenesis, which regulates the expression of tumor suppressor genes, such as in breast cancer, prostate cancer, and lung cancer [ 4 - 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
RUNX1 belongs to the runt domain family of transcription factors and regulates target gene expression through forming a heterodimeric DNA-binding complex with CBFB. (biolegend.com)

Genome regulation encompasses all facets of gene expression, from the biochemical modifications of DNA, to the physical arrangement of chromosomes and the activity of the transcription machinery. (mechanobio.info)

B) qPCR showing fold difference in expression between Gata4 treated animal caps and control animal caps grown to st. 33, induction of expression of myl7 , nr1h5 , hhex and marker of endoderm foxa2 is shown. (xenbase.org)
Baker C, Bronner-Fraser M (2001) Vertebrate cranial placodes I. Embryonic induction. (springer.com)

Polycomb Group (PcG) proteins are a family of protein complex that regulate gene expression, especially repressing gene transcription [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)

To generate loss of function knockout mouse we will use gene-targeting technology to disturb the endogenous Zfyve27 gene of the mouse through homologous recombination in embryonic stem (ES) cells. (hsp-info.de)
May be involved in telomere maintenance via recombination in ALT (alternative lengthening of telomeres) cell lines. (arigobio.com)

The cytoskeleton is a highly dynamic network of filamentous proteins that enables the active transport of cellular cargo, transduces force, and when assembled into higher-order structures, forms the basis for motile cellular structures that promote cell movement. (mechanobio.info)

In quick succession, the preimplantational mouse embryo undergoes a series of cellular divisions involving two critical cell fate decisions. (zeiss.com)
A) RT-PCR showing expression of cardiac fate marker myl7 , liver fate marker nr1h5 and control marker odc1 in Gata4 mRNA-injected ACs , control ACs and stage 33 sibling control embryo . (xenbase.org)

This lining is composed of columnar epithelial cells and scattered ciliated epithelial cells. (wikipedia.org)
During gastrulation, as the epiblast cells migrate through the primitive streak, they undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition and form the mesoderm. (mechanobio.info)
Smad3-mediated recruitment of the methyltransferase SETDB1/ESET controls Snail1 expression and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. (ucsf.edu)
FUT2 encodes an enzyme that produces histo-blood group antigens (HBGA) on the surface of epithelial cells and in mucosal secretions ( 21 , 22 ). (cdc.gov)

While some islet BM components are produced by endothelial cells (ECs), the source of others remains unknown. (nature.com)
Enhanced TGF-� Signaling Contributes to the Insulin-Induced Angiogenic Responses of Endothelial Cells. (ucsf.edu)

Here, we describe in detail the spatiotemporal expression of three rprm genes ( rprma, rprmb , and rprm l) within distinct anatomical structures in the developing peripheral and central nervous system. (frontiersin.org)
Hence now it is feasible to assign specific enhancers to distinct promoters and to identify the ensemble of anchors associated with the folding pattern of the genome. (ca.gov)

OneStopRNAseq has user-friendly interfaces and offers workflows for common types of RNA-seq data analyses, such as comprehensive data-quality control, differential analysis of gene expression, exon usage, alternative splicing, transposable element expression, allele-specific gene expression quantification, and gene set enrichment analysis. (umassmed.edu)
Participates in the allele-specific gene expression at the imprinted IGF2/H19 gene locus. (arigobio.com)

He explains that scientists already know how to restore mature cells to "stemness" - pioneers of this cellular reprogramming had won a Nobel Prize in 2012. (disabled-world.com)
This allows for cellular reprogramming, modifying the gene expression to convert one cell type into another. (ohio-forum.com)
Before and during early gastrulation, the epiblast layer assumes a tightly packed cellular morphology due to an increase in E-cadherin mediated mechanical linkages between cells. (mechanobio.info)

However, due to the limitation of technology and the advanced structure of RNA, research progress on RNA epigenetic modification has been limited. (biomedcentral.com)
Unlike sequence-specific transcription factors, epigenetic regulators do not necessarily bind DNA at consensus sequences, but still achieve reproducible target binding in a manner that is cell and maturation-type specific. (frontiersin.org)

http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/stem.88 PMid:19544452 Kyriakis JM and Avruch J (2001). (geneticsmr.com)

Because in order to avoid renal injury, the recovery of affected cells is as significant as preventing its progression towards end stage renal disease [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Gene networks reveal stem-cell state convergence during preneoplasia and progression to malignancy in multistage skin carcinogenesis. (ucsf.edu)

Cilia-driven cerebrospinal fluid flow directs expression of urotensin neuropeptides to straighten the vertebrate body axis. (ucsf.edu)

1983) and the multipotent progenitor cells from fetal disease (Bjorklund and Lindvall, 2000). (lu.se)

Many tumor cell lines and experimental tumors respond to HDAC inhibition. (aacrjournals.org)
Integrin av�8 on T�cells suppresses anti-tumor immunity in multiple models and is a promising target for tumor immunotherapy. (ucsf.edu)
α-PD-1 therapy elevates Treg/Th balance and increases tumor cell pSmad3 that are both targeted by α-TGFβ antibody to promote durable rejection and immunity in squamous cell carcinomas. (ucsf.edu)

This discovery really broadens the scope of where we think Foxp1 is important," said Bennett Novitch, a member of the Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at UCLA and the senior author of the paper. (newswise.com)

Hence, recapitulating the islet ECM in both isolated islets and stem-cell-derived β-cells is of high therapeutic value. (nature.com)
Therefore, our study shows that SEs orchestrate the osteogenesis of MSCs by targeting ZBTB16 expression, which provides an attractive focus and therapeutic target for osteoporosis. (nature.com)
In order to find more promising treatments to stimulate renal repair, stem cell-based technology has been proposed as a potentially therapeutic option. (biomedcentral.com)
So as a new therapeutic approach, stem cells are under research with a focus on reducing the burden of several kidney diseases. (biomedcentral.com)
The present invention also provides methods of using the differentiated cells of the present invention for therapeutic purposes. (justia.com)

Deletion of Jarid2 leads to impaired orchestration of gene expression during cell lineage commitment. (sdbonline.org)

But what makes a blood cell a blood cell, or a neuron a neuron? (ohio-forum.com)
As ZFYVE27 is implicated in HSP, an upper motor neuron disease therefore it is vital to study expression of ZFYVE27 in the central nervous system (CNS) including different divisions of the brain as well as in the spinal cord. (hsp-info.de)

Solely from stem cells, without egg, sperm or womb, synthetic mouse embryo models were created. (disabled-world.com)
The team set out to grow a synthetic embryo model solely from naïve mouse stem cells cultured for years in a petri dish, dispensing with the need for starting with a fertilized egg. (disabled-world.com)
In contrast, access to models derived from mouse embryonic cells, which grow in lab incubators by the millions, is virtually unlimited. (disabled-world.com)
Working with Boston University professor Dr. Pankaj Mehta and BU alumnus Dr. Alex Lang , they simulated a computational model to describe patterns of gene expression in mouse fibroblast cells. (ohio-forum.com)
We further found that the pericytic laminin isoforms differentially regulate mouse β-cells. (nature.com)
The vascular BM surrounds the islet capillary network and directly contacts mouse endocrine cells. (nature.com)
During the transition from the naive epiblast to a pluripotent state, over 100 cells are organized into an approximately 60-80 µm diameter pre-implantation mouse embryo. (zeiss.com)

The process that reverts CELL NUCLEI of fully differentiated somatic cells to a pluripotent or totipotent state. (bvsalud.org)

Anatomy57

Organisms21

Diseases6

Chemicals and Drugs50

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment47

Phenomena and Processes73

Disciplines and Occupations4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science4

Health Care1

Differentiation42

Stage Specific Embryonic Antigen2

Vitro9

Early embryonic development3

Chromatin20

Methylation4

Differentiate7

Precursors3

Fibroblasts2

Developmental5

Progenitors2

Development44

Hematopoietic3

Proliferation2

Human30

Mice7

Neurons8

Antigen4

Stages2

Morphogenesis2

Gene expression patterns4

Mechanisms3

Tissue12

Neuronal2

Embryos4

Asymmetric1

Embryo-like structures6

Pathways3

Specific patterns of gene expression2

Self-renewal1

Tissues8

Neural stem1

Reveals2

Biology1

Replicate1

Transcription factor1

Regulates2

Regulation1

Induction2

Polycomb Group1

Recombination2

Proteins1

Fate2

Epithelial4

Endothelial cells2

Distinct2

Allele-specific gene expression2

Cellular3

Epigenetic2

20011

Progression2

Vertebrate1

Fetal1

Tumor3

Edythe Broad Center1

Therapeutic5

Lineage commitment1

Neuron2

Mouse7

Somatic cells1